DEPARTEMENT DE TECHNOLOGIES DE

CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRIELLE

30/04/2020

Duty 2

KASSI CHARLES
FGI TCI-4 S.C DR NGOUANOM JOEL
 DURABILITY OF MATERIALS IN INDUSTRY

1-It gives you the values k and n of two different

materials. These information are sufficient to determine what
material is more resistant? If not, what additional information do
you need and why?

The values k and n can give a good estimate of the tenacity, the real constraint of
rupture and the real failure deformation are required for an accurate calculation of the
tenacity. The modulus of elasticity and the limit of elasticity would provide information
on the area under the elastic region;

2 - List and explain the mechanical properties desirable for the

following elements:
a) Elevator cable:
The cable must not extend resiliently to a large extent or undergo a deformation
as the load increases, these requirements therefore require a material with a
modulus of elasticity and a limit of elasticity high.

b) Bandages :
The material of bandage must be compliant, that is to say have a low rigidity.
A high resistance in the direction of the membrane. its inner surface must
be permeable and its outer surface resistant to environmental effects.

c) Shoe Sole:
The soleplate must be correct for the comfort, with a high resilience. It must be
strong to absorb shocks and have a high resistance to friction and have a high
resistance to friction and wear.

d) Hook
A hook must have a high resistance in order not to deform permanently under
the load and thus retain its shape. It must be resistant to the environment in
which it is used (as the salt water).

e) Piston automobile:
The piston must have a high resistance to high temperatures and a low mass

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 DURABILITY OF MATERIALS IN INDUSTRY

f) Boat propellers
The material must be rigid (to retain its shape), and resistant to corrosion and
must have a resistance to abrasion because the propeller meeting of sand and
other.

g) Dawn
The gas turbine operates at high temperatures (depending on its location in the
turbine); it should therefore have a resistance to high temperature and a
resistance to oxidation and corrosion due to the products of combustion during
its use.

h) Clips
The properties must be closely parallel to those of a paper clip. The clip must
have a high ductility to enable him to deform without fracture.

3- Determine the percentage of elongation and the percentage

of reduction of the surface of the surface of each sample, then,
according to your own judgment classify each material as fragile.
Gauge Length of the sample the =0.05 m
The diameter of rupture of the sample has dA=11.46mm
Has the length of the gauge of rupture of the sample The=0.0545m
The diameter of rupture of the B sample dB=9.48mm
Has the length of the gauge of rupture of the sample LB=0.0632
The diameter of rupture of the sample C dc=6.06(mm
Has the length of the gauge of rupture of the sample LC= 0.0694m

 Calculation for the sample has:

 Calculate the elongation percentage:

LA  L 0.0545  0.05
%LA  X 100  X 100  9%
L 0.05

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 DURABILITY OF MATERIALS IN INDUSTRY

 Calculate the percentage of reduction of the surface

 d A2  d 2

AA  A 4 4 (11.462  122 )
%AA  X 100  X 100  X 100  8.79%
A d2 122
4
 Calculation for the B sample:
 Calculate the elongation percentage:

LB  L 63.2  50
%LB  X 100  X 100  26.4%
L 50

 Calculate the percentage of reduction of the surface

 dB2  d 2

BB  B 4 4 (9.482  122 )
%BB  X 100  X 100  X 100  37.59%
B d 2
12 2

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 Calculation for the sample C :
 Calculate the elongation percentage:

LC  L 69.4  50
%LC  X 100  X 100  38.8%
L 50
 Calculate the percentage of reduction of the surface

 dC 2  d 2
CC  C 
4 4 (6.062  122 )
%CC  X 100  X 100  X 100  74.5%
C d2 122
4

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 DURABILITY OF MATERIALS IN INDUSTRY

4-calculate the work perform in compression without friction of a full cylinder

of 40 mm high and 15 mm in diameter up to a height reduction of 75% for the
following materials: (1) Aluminum 1100-0, (2) plain annealed copper, (3)
annealed stainless steel 304 and (4) Brass 70 30, annealing. Use the data in
the following table.
Material K(MPA) N
1100-O Al 180 0.20
Cu, annealing 315 0.54
304 annealed stainless 1300 0.30
Brass 70-30, annealing 895 0.49

40
The real constraint is: ln( )  1.386
10
The specific energy is:

The volume is : V=  (0.0075)2 (0.04)  7.069 X 106 m3

The work is the volume,V multiplied by the specific energy:

Equipment Work (MN/m3) Work (Nm or J)

1100-O Al 222 1526
Cu, annealing 338 2391
Stainless steel 304, annealing 1529 10808
70-30 The brasses, annealed 977 6908

5-a sample in the form of a cube of 20 mm on each side is compressed

without friction in a cavity of the pipeline, as shown below, or the width of
the groove is 15 mm. suppose that the material to be linear hardening has the
true stress-strain curve true given by
  70  30 Mpa . Calculate the required compression force when the height of
the sample is 3 mm, according to the criteria of Tresca and Von setting
We note that the volume of the specimen is constant and can be expressed as:

(20)(20)(20)  (h)( x)( x)

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 DURABILITY OF MATERIALS IN INDUSTRY

Or x is the lateral dimensions assuming that assuming that the sample expands evenly during the
compression. Since h=3 mm, we have x= 51.6 mm. As well, the Specimen affects the walls and so it
becomes a problem of constraint plane (see Fig. 2.35D on page 67). The absolute value of the true
strain is:

 20 
  ln    1.90
 3
We can now determine the constraint of flow, YF,of the material to this deformation such as:

Yf  70  30(1.9)  127Mpa
The cross-sectional area on which the force (STRENGTH) acts is:
aire  (20)(20)(20) / 3  2667mm2
According to the criterion of shear stress maximum, it was:  1  Yf , So

Force  (127)(2667)  338 KN

According to the criterion of energy of distortion it was  1  1.15Yf , Or

Force  (1.15)(338)  389 KN

KASSI CHARLES TCI-4 CM

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