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Probe
laser
Principal of
temporal-spatial
Line correlation
image
camera
Er
Transfer function
Coherent radiation Itot(ω) = I( ω) [N + N (N - 1) | f( ω) |2 ]
contains bunch length
information in the At λ>bunch length => Coherent Emission
∞ ∞
form factor f(ω) = ∫ ρ( z) exp(iωz/c) dz = ∫ cρ(ct ) exp(iωt) dt
−∞ −∞
• Commercial optics
• Perfect lens optics
• Ray optics
• The Slowly Varying Amplitude approximation
• Gaussian optics
• Near field and far field
• Notion of the Rayleigh length and the Fresnel number
• Propagation of a wave front
• Far field (Fraunhofer diffraction propagation)
• Near field (Fresnel diffraction propagation)
• called “far field” in the ZEMAX manual
• Very near field (angular spectrum propagation)
• called “near field” in the ZEMAX manual
• equal to the number of Fresnel rings on the source plane that can be
seen from any point on the detection plane
• is a position of both the source and the detection plane
• Far field:
• Near field:
• Very near field:
• If the far field approximation cannot be made, one has to use the
second order expansion:
CTR Detector
screen
encircled energy
logarithmic focus image geometrical focus variation
50% of energy within 9 µm diameter
through focus diagram
50 µm 800 µm
Stefan Düsterer
Optics for the TEO experiment
Optics (simplified)
Sara Casalbuoni & Rasmus Ischebeck Sara Casalbuoni & Rasmus Ischebeck
Optics for the TEO experiment
Reverse the first doublet
• Distribute the refraction evenly over all surfaces
Sara Casalbuoni & Rasmus Ischebeck Sara Casalbuoni & Rasmus Ischebeck
Optics for the TEO experiment
ZEMAX Simulations
Further studies (Stefan Düsterer)
• Optimization of the distances
• Optimization of the tilt of the camera
• Calculation of the PSF with Fresnel diffraction
• Limitation of the resolution: spherical aberrations
⇒ It does not help to increase the diameter of the lens
• Calculation of the resolution for off-axis points
• Studies on the required alignment precision
λ =1 m m ; γ= 2 7 0 ;
s c r e e n r a d iu s = 2 0 m m ;
d is ta n c e s o u r c e - im a g e = 1 0 0 m m
0 .0 0 1
M ATLAB
I (a.u.)
ZEM AX
0 .0 0 0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
Sara Casalbuoni & Rasmus Ischebeck
Sara Casalbuoni & Rasmus Ischebeck
x (m m )
CTR on flat mirror
Comparison with Bernhard‘s code
1.2
λ=1 mm; γ=270;
1.0 screen radius=20 mm;
distance mirror-image=200 mm;
I (a.u.)
0.6 Mathematica
ZEMAX
0.4
0.2
0.0
0 20 40 60 80 100
x (mm)
ZEMAX paraxial
0.4
0.2
0.0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
x (mm)
1 .2 1.2 1 .2
d is ta nc e m irro r-i m a g e = 5 0 m m d is ta n c e m ir r o r - im a g e = 1 0 0 m m d is ta n c e m ir r o r - im a g e = 2 0 0 m m
1 .0 1.0 1 .0
I (a.u.)
0 .8 0.8 0 .8
0 .6 0.6 0 .6
0 .4 0.4 0 .4
0 .2 0.2 0 .2
0 .0 0.0 0 .0
0 5 10 15 20 0 5 10 15 20 0 10 20 30 40 50
1 .2 1.2 1 .2
d is ta n c e m ir r o r - im a g e = 3 0 0 m m d is ta n c e m ir r o r - im a g e = 5 0 0 m m d is ta n c e m ir r o r - im a g e = 1 0 0 0 m m
1 .0 1.0 1 .0
I (a.u.)
0 .8 0.8 0 .8
0 .6 0.6 0 .6
0 .4 0.4 0 .4
0 .2 0.2 0 .2
0 .0 0.0 0 .0
0 10 20 30 40 50 0 20 40 60 80 1 00 0 20 40 60 80 100
x (m m ) x (m m ) x (m m )
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.0
-30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30
x (mm)
Sara Casalbuoni & Rasmus Ischebeck
Future plans
• Check the resolution of the TEO optics experimentally
M4
M2 M3
M1
Paraboloid mirrors
Flat mirrors