Air Pollution Control

CHE EB13

Department of Term/Academic Year:

Chemical Engineering Second Semester AY 2019-2020
Talamban, Cebu City, Philippines 6000

Activity 1: Anthropogenic Activities in the Water Cycle

(individual)

Dela Cerna, Carmel Claire T.

BS Chemical Engineering 5

February 1, 2020
ChE EB13 Activity 1: Anthropogenic Activities in the Water Cycle

1. What is and EIA? What is an ECC? Which of the two shall be issued first? What is CNC?
EIA or Environmental Impact Analysis can be defined as a process of collecting information about
environmental impacts of a proposed project and consequent relevant decision-making. It is used to assess
the impact of a proposed activity on the environment before making the decision on whether to carry it out,
and develop and assess measures to avoid or minimize those impacts if it is decided to carry out the
activity.[ CITATION Pei98 \l 1033 ]

The ECC or the Environmental Compliance Certificate is a certificate issued by DENR/Environmental

Management Board EMB after a positive review of the ECC application. This certifies that based on the
application of the proponent, the proposed project or undertaking will not cause a significant negative
impact on the Philippines environment. The ECC's contain specific measures and conditions that must be
met by the project proponent before and during the operation of the project. In some cases, conditions are
listed to be preformed during the project’s abandonment phase to lessen identified potential environmental
impacts. The ECC's also certify that the proponent has complied with all the requirements of the
Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) System and has committed to implement its approved
Environmental Management Plan in the Philippines.
Certificate of Non-Coverage (CNC) refers to the document issued by DENR stating that the proposed
project is not covered by the Philippine Environmental Impact Assessment System and poses no
environmental threat., therefore, the proponent is not required to secure an ECC prior to commencement of
operation.
2. Among the projects listed above, which needed an ECC? Which needed CNC? Why?
All of the projects listed need an ECC. This is because the ECC is required when the proposed project is
considered to have an environmental impact under PD 1586, from which can be determined according to
the type of project to be proposed. Projects classified under category A: Environmentally Critical Projects
(ECPs), or category B: projects located in Environmentally Critical Areas (ECAs) require Environmental
Compliance Certificate (ECC). All of the listed projects are classified under both category A and category B.
Since: Project A, B, D and E fall under category A since it is an industry that uses heavy machinery while
Project C and F fall under category A since it is a construction project. Project A falls under category B
since it can have a significant impact on the area set aside as aesthetic potential tourist spot. Project B fall
under category B since it can greatly affect the eco system of the nearby river housing the endangered
snapping turtles. Project C falls under category B since it is a project that can a portion of land occupied by
tribes. Project D and F fall under category B since it can damage or has a huge effect on the nearby water
body). Project E falls under category B since it could greatly damage mangrove areas. Thus, all projects
need an ECC. A CNC will only be required in cases where DENR-EMB finds that an ECC is not applicable.
3. Cite the Different impacts each above mentioned project would pose and the corresponding effect it
would give to the environment.
Project A: Upon construction, the dust and other particulate matter could be carried by the air and in turn
pollute the air. Households would also produce exhaust from the kitchen or from other human activities
such as roasting of food or burning of different materials that could pollute the air. Improper handling of
sewage waste and drainage may also contaminate the water in the ground or in nearby rivers or lakes. The
scenic mountain background can also be blocked or dimmed by the housing, thereby compromising the
possible tourist spot development.
Project B: The plant produces organic wastes from the scrap meat and wastewater from the water used to
wash or clean their equipment. These waste would possibly contaminate the river nearby when not treated,
improperly handled, or dumped to the said river. Contamination with organic waste would entail a large
demand of oxygen, thus reducing the dissolved oxygen in the river that is needed for its natural habitats
such as the endangered snapping turtles to thrive, hindering it from survival Aside from the oxygen, the
waste can be consumed by said natural inhabitant which can poison them.
Project C: Upon construction, the dust and other particulate matter could be carried by the air and in turn
pollute the air. Local tribal minority would then have to breathe air containing particulates which might
cause respiratory problems. Noise is also a nuisance for the tribe living near the area.
Project D: Iron sulfide materials mined from the plant can form acid when there is an insufficient amount of
neutralizing material to counteract the acid formation. This acidic material when improperly handled can
end up contaminating the nearby river, compromising the water quality and aquatic life. Dust coming from
the mining area and noise will also be an air pollution problem.
Project E: Construction of roads can generate dusts and can contribute to the number of suspended
particulates in the air. Noise will also be a nuisance.
Project F: Improper handling of the waste or leachates from the waste may contaminate the water in the
ground and eventually the nearby lake. Since the lake supplies water to the adjacent pocket forest, when
contaminated, it may also poison the plants and animals near it. Other than through the water, the toxic
materials and foul smell may also pollute the same air that surrounds the pocket forest.
4. Consider Proclamation No. 2146 of 1981, which project is considered as an Environmentally Critical
Project (ECP)? Why?
Environmentally Critical Project is a project or program that has high potential for significant negative
environmental impact. Project A, B, C, D, E, and F are all an Environmentally Critical Project (ECP) since
they all use heavy machinery (under heavy industries).
5. With the same proclamation, which project/s is or are situated in an Environmentally Critical Area
(ECA)?
Environmentally Critical Areas or ECA are area delineated as environmentally sensitive such that
significant environmental impacts are expected if certain types of proposed projects or programs are
located, developed or, implemented in it.
Project A, B, C, D, E, and F are situated in a Environmentally Critical Area (ECA). This is because Project A
can have can have a significant impact on the area set aside as aesthetic potential tourist spot, Project B
can greatly affect the eco system of the nearby river housing the endangered snapping turtles, Project C
can affect a portion of land occupied by tribes, Project D has a huge effect on the nearby water body (river),
Project E could greatly damage mangrove areas, and lastly Project F can damage the adjacent body of
water.
6. Given the Project Cycle and the Philippine EIA Process figures, why EIA is important and significant in
each project stage process?
The EIA is used to assess the impact of a proposed activity on the environment before making the decision
on whether to carry it out, and develop and assess measures to avoid or minimize those impacts if it is
decided to carry out the activity.[ CITATION Pei98 \l 1033 ]