CEV641

ENVIROMENTAL IMPACT
ASSESSMENT &
MANAGEMENT PLAN
 Course Outcome
 Explain the concepts of environmental impact assessment
(EIA) and environmental management plan (EMP) in
managing the chemical engineering / environmental
problems (A3) ~ CO1
 Explain the issues and solutions of complex chemical
engineering / environment by using the concepts of EIA
and EMP ~C06
 Propose suitable solutions related to the chemical /
environmental issues in report and oral presentation~ A05

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 Course Learning
Outcome
The student should be able to :
 Define EIA general concepts, requirements,
statement of need and scope
 Explain the environmental quality (Prescribed
Activities) EIA Order 1987, EQA 1974
 Describe the types and examples of EIA’s studies
conducted, project team
 Define Environmental Quality Act (EQA) 1974
 Explain the environmental and ecological impacts
 Explain the environmental impact assessment
procedure
EIA general concepts, requirements, statement of
need and scope

EIA General Concept

1. Need for a project
 Statement of need
 Explanation as to why the project has been proposed
 Highlighting the social, cultural, economic or other benefits
accrue from the project
2. Consideration of project option
 Assessment of project options available
 Environmental implications , no-project implication
 Major design and project siting are assessed – technical,
economic and environmental reason
EIA General Concept

3. Selection of mitigating and abatement measures

 Identifying any design or mitigation step and incorporating
into plan
 Evaluation of measurement
4. Environmental Data Collection
 To determine the extent of an environmental effect
 To decide how significant predicted impact is
 Source of environmental data : Appendix 2 EIA Guidelines
EIA General Concept

5. Public participation
 Monitor community needs and ensure that the direction or
emphasize of his projects continues to satisfy those needs
 Identify both material and psychological impacts of the
projects on the community
 Measure and promote the social acceptance of the project in
the community
 Monitor changing environmental values in the community
 Obtain additional environmental information known to the
population
EIA General Concept

6. Cost and benefits to EIA

 Implied values on environmental losses and gains
7. Compliance and impact monitoring
 Check on environmental management
 Feedback to improve the data base for environmental
impact prediction in the future planning
Environmental Quality Act (EQA) 1974 –
Section 34A

Any person intending to carry out any of the prescribed

activities shall, before any approval for the carrying out
Of such activity is granted by the relevant approving
Authority, submit a report to the Director General. The
report shall be in accordance with the guidelines
prescribed by the Director General and shall contain an
assessment of the impact such activity will have or is
likely to have on the environment and the proposed
measures that shall be undertaken to prevent, reduce
or control the adverse impact on the environment.
Which activities are subject to
EIA?
 Activities subject to EIA are prescribed under the
Environmental Quality (Prescribed Activities)
(Environmental Impact Assessment) Order 1987
 19 activities are prescribed for activity include those related
to :
1. Agriculture
2. Airport
3. Drainage and irrigation
4. Land reclamation
5. Fisheries
6. Forestry
7. Housing
8. Industry
a) Chemical
b) Petrochemicals
c) Non-ferrous
d) Non-metallic
e) Iron and Steel
f) Shipyards
g) Pulp and paper industry
9. Infrastructure
10. Ports
11. Mining
12. Petroleum
13. Power generation and transmission
14. Quarries
15. Railways
16. Transportation
17. Resort and recreational development
18. Waste Treatment and Disposal
a) Toxic and hazardous waste
b) Municipal solid waste
c) Municipal sewage
19. Water supply
Types and examples of EIA’s studies
conducted, project team
1. Iron and steel mills
2. Pulp and paper mills
3. Cement plant
4. Construction of coal fired power plants
5. Construction of dams (water supply and hydroelectric)
6. Coastal reclamation
7. Incineration plant (scheduled waste and solid waste)
8. Sanitary landfill
9. Project involving land clearing 50% of the area or more
and having sloped exceeding 25o (except quarry)
10. Logging involving area exceeding 500 hectares
11. Development of tourist or recreational facilities on
islands in surrounding waters which are gazzetted
as national submarine parks
12. Construction of recovery plant(off-site) for lead acid
battery
13. Scheduled waste recovery or treatment facility
generating significant amount of wastewater which
is located upstream of public water supply intake
Environmental Quality Act (EQA) 1974
 In Malaysia, EIA is required under section 34A, EQA 1974, which
specifies the legal requirement in respect of EIA for Prescribed
Activities.
 It empowers the Minister of Natural Resources and Environment
after due consultation, to prescribed any activity which may have
significant environmental impact as a “Prescribed Activity”.
 The section further requires the Project Proponent of a Prescribed
Activity to submit a report (the EIA) to the Director General of
Environmental Quality before approval for the proposed activity is
granted by the relevant approving authority.
 The EIA report must
 Be in accordance with the guidelines issued by the DOE
 Contain as assessment of the impact of the Prescribed Activity on the
environmental; and
 Detail the proposed measures that shall be instituted to prevent, reduce
or control adverse impacts on the environment.

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 Environmental and ecological impacts
1. Source of impacts
 Types of components of projects which have potential to
lead to significant impacts. This include :
 Type of prescribed activities
 Project inputs to construction (land requirement, machinery,
materials, labor force, etc. or operation (treatment and
disposal facilities, machinery and waste treatment
 The project activities covering site selection , construction,
waste collection and disposal and maintenance
 The project outputs including construction phase and
treatment waste (sludges, compost, incinerator ash, gases,
waste water, leachate and noise
2. The receptors of impact
 Certain environment need special attention because of
their ecological or socio-economic sensitivity to waste
management projects, including :
 The Human Environment – human settlement nearby,
existing land use affected, sensitivities of the local population
(labour markets, security of income, traditional livehoods,
public health, squatters, etc
 The Natural Environment – tropical forest, water catchments
areas, wetlands, coastal areas and marine environments with
emphasis on protected areas, area of significance biodiversity,
area already significantly degraded, sites of cultural
importance, air quality, soil, water quality and hydrology
3. The environmental impacts
 Potential significant including those from site
selection, construction, waste collection , transfer,
treatment and disposal (human environment/health
issue/natural environment)
 Human environment – degradation of air quality, water
quality
 Health or life risk issues, sosio-economics, etc
 Natural environment – soil, local hydrology, aquatic or
terrestrial ecosystem
4. The significance of the impacts
 Environmental standards – the contrast of the
predicted magnitude of the impact (ie location,
volume) against Malaysian/international
environmental quality standards
 Environmental priorities and preferences held by
society where there are no quantifiable objectives,
particularly those held by people likely to be affected
by the project
Environmental impact assessment procedure
Important Concept
 Definition :
A study to identify, predict, evaluate and communicate
information about the impacts on the environment of a
proposed project and to detail out the mitigating measures prior
to project approval and implementation.

 EIA meant for :

 environmental planning of new development projects or expansion of an
existing
 Pollution preventive - avoid costly mistakes in project planning and
development
 Environmental management
Objectives of EIA :
1. To examine and select the best from the project options
available
2. To identify and incorporate into the project plan
appropriate abatement and mitigating measures
3. To predict residual environmental impacts
4. To determine the significance of the residual
environmental impacts predicted
5. To identify the environmental costs and benefits of the
project to the community
EIA procedure:
1. Describe the proposed project as well as the options
2. Describe the existing environment
3. Identify environmental issues and select relevant impact
indicators to be used
4. Predict the nature and the extent of the environmental effects
5. Identify the relevant human concerns
6. Assess the significance of the impacts
7. Incorporate appropriate mitigating and abatement measures
into the project plan
8. Identify the environmental costs and benefits of the project to
the community
9. Report the assessment
 THAT’S ALL FOR TODAY …..
THANK YOU….

 Don’t take easy for your

EXERCISES…. Practice makes it
perfect……
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