FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN AWAM

ECW 568 – ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING LABORATORY

LABORATORY MANUAL
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COURSE ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING LABORATORY

COURSE CODE ECW568
LEVEL OF OPENNESS 2
CATEGORY PARTIALLY OPEN ENDED
DEGREE OF OPEN-ENDED (%) 66
PERIOD OF ACTIVITY 1 WEEK

TITLE BIOCHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND (BOD)

INTRODUCTION
Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), measures the amount of oxygen
consumed by microorganisms in decomposing organic matter in
stream water. BOD also measures the chemical oxidation of inorganic
matter (i.e. the extraction of oxygen from water via chemical reaction).
The test is used to measure the amount of oxygen consumed by these
organisms during a specified period of time (usually 5 days at 20 C).
The rate of oxygen consumption in a stream is affected by a number of
variables: temperature, pH, the presence of certain kinds of
microorganisms, and the type of organic and inorganic material in the
water.
PREAMBLE
OBJECTIVES
1. To measure the concentration of BOD in water sample.
2. To analyze data and interpret the results of the BOD experiment.

LEARNING OUTCOMES
At the end of the laboratory activities, students would be able:
1. To acquire and develop sublime psychomotor skills in conducting
laboratory experiments.
2. To work as a team, demonstrate leadership and enhance
communication skills through discussion.

PROBLEM STATEMENT
Effluent discharged from a sewage treatment plant (STP) is an
important aspect to be considered in water quality analysis. The BOD
standard for the effluent must be appropriate according to the
condition of the receiving waters. An old STP has been identified to be
PROBLEM STATEMENT
checked on its operation efficiency. Interim reports have indicated that
the BOD level of the effluent has not been consistent and this may
affect the quality of the receiving rivers. Sampling has been done by
the STP operator and students will need to address this issue and
perform relevant experiment to find out the conclusion of the STP
operation.
APPARATUS
WAYS AND MEANS
Each group must identify the suitable apparatus needed for the
experiment themselves.
FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN AWAM
ECW 568 – ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING LABORATORY
LABORATORY MANUAL
__________________________________________________________________________________

PROCEDURES
Based on the problem statement, each group is required to search for
the relevant procedure to carry out the experiment. The document
must be made ready for verification by the instructor during the
laboratory activity.

DATA ANALYSIS
All data collected and observed during the test must be tabulated in
proper format for easy verification and presentation of the technical
report

RESULTS, ANALYSIS AND CONCLUSION

Each group is required to submit a technical report of the laboratory
results highlighting the apparatus used, the procedures undertaken for
the test, data acquisition process, analysis carried out and the
relevancy of the set-out output to address the given problem. The
RESULTS format of the technical report can be done according to the creativity
and the discretion of the group members.

The report must be submitted within SEVEN (7) days after the
completion of the test.