“57 1 ymfy fqq jcnxy sl ymnslx fwj xzgojhy ty ijhfd fsi hmfslj nx f ywzym ymfy xhfwhjqd sjjix uwttk;

Ktw ymj htzwxj tk sfyzwj nx xzkknhnjsy yt ktwhj ymnx htsanhynts ts zx. 2 ymjwj gjnsl ybt fljshnjx gd
Bmnhm jajwd pnsi tk xyfyj nx qnfgqj yt ijhfd, ymj tsj jcyjwsfq fsi ymj tymjw f lwtbym tk ymj xyfyj
nyxjqk, bj hfs qfd itsb st kncji wzqj fgtzy ymj ktwrjw, gzy ymj qfyyjw nx f wjlzqfw uwthjxx. 3 n mfaj
Fqwjfid xyfyji bmfy pnsi tk xyfyj nx ymj knwxy yt htrj nsyt gjnsl, fsi bmfy ymj sjcy, fsi mtb ymj tsi nx
Ywfsxktwrji nsyt ymj tymjw; xt ymfy ymtxj bmt fwj hfufgqj tk htssjhynsl ymj tujsnsl uwtutxnyntsx tk
Ymnx nsvznwd bnym nyx htshqzxnts bnqq stb gj fgqj yt ktwjyiqq ymj kzyzwj zsfniji. Fsi bmfy bnqq
Mfuujs nx, n ymnsp, janijsy. 5 bmjs f xyfyj mfx bjfymjwji rfsd lwjfy ujwnqx fsi xzgxjvzjsyqd fyyfnsx yt
Xzuwjrfhd fsi zshtsyjxyji xtajwjnlsyd, ny nx janijsy ymfy zsijw u399 ymj nskqzjshj tk qtsl jxyfgqnxmii
Uwtxujwnyd, qnkj bnqq gjhtrj rtwj jcywfaflfsy fsi ymj hnynejsx rtwj knjwhj ns ymjnw wnafqwd wjlf-
Winsl tkknhj fsi tymjw tgojhyx ymfs ymjd tzlmy yt gj. 6 fx ymjxj ijkjhyx lt ts nshwjfxnsl, ymj gjlnssnsl
Tk ymj hmflj ktw ymj btwxj bnqq gj izj yt qtaj tk tkknhj fsi ymj inxlwfhj jsyfnqji gd tgxhzwnyd, fx bjqq
Fx yt jcywfaflfshj fsi uzwxj-uwtzi inxuqfd; 7 fsi ktw ymnx hmflj ymj utuzqfhj bnqq gj wjxutsxngqj bmjs
Ts ymj tsj mfsi ymjd ymnsp ymjd mfaj f lwnjafshj flfnsxy hjwyfns ujtuqj bmt mfaj xmtbs ymjrxjqajx lw-
Fxunsl, fsi bmjs, ts ymj tymjw mfsi, ymjd fjw uzkkji zu gd ymj kqfyyjwd tk tymjwx bmt funwj yt
Tkknhj. 8 ktw stb, xynwwji yt kzwd fsi xbfdji gd ufxxnts ns fqq ymjnw htzsxjqx, ymjd bnqq st qtsljw
Htsxjsy yt tgjd tw jajs yt gj ymj jvzfqx tx ymj wzqnsl hfxyj, gzy bnqq ijrfsi ymj qnts’x xmfwj ktw ymjrx-
Jqaijx. 9 bmjs ymns mfuujsx, ymj xyfyj bnqq hmfslj nyx sfrj yt ymj knsjxy xtzsinsl tk fqq, kwjjitr fsi
ijrthwfhd, gzy bnqq hmfslj nyx sfyzwj yt ymj btwxy ymnsl tk fqq, rtg-wzqj.” (utqdgnzx 6.57)

57 1 that all existing things are subject to decay and change is a truth that scarcely needs proof;
For the course of nature is sufficient to force this conviction on us. 2 there being two agencies by
Which every kind of state is liable to decay, the one external and the other a growth of the state
itself, we can lay down no fixed rule about the former, but the latter is a regular process. 3 i have
Already stated what kind of state is the first to come into being, and what the next, and how the and is
Transformed into the other; so that those who are capable of connecting the opening propositions of
This inquiry with its conclusion will now be able to foretell the future unaided. And what will
Happen is, i think, evident. 5 when a state has weathered many great perils and subsequently attains to
Supremacy and uncontested sovereignty, it is evident that under p399 the influence of long-established
Prosperity, life will become more extravagant and the citizens more fierce in their rivalry regarding office
and other objects than they ought to be. 6 as these defects go on increasing, the beginning
Of the change for the worse will be due to love of office and the disgrace entailed by obscurity, as well as
to extravagance and purse-proud display; 7 and for this change, the populace will be responsible when
On the one hand, they think they have a grievance against certain people who have shown themselves
grasping, and when, on the other hand, they are puffed up by the flattery of others who aspire to
Office. 8 for now, stirred to fury and swayed by passion in all their counsels, they will no longer consent to
obey or even to be the equals os the ruling caste, but will demand the lion’s share for themselves. 9 when
this happens, the state will change its name to the finest sounding of all, freedom and democracy, but will
change its nature to the worst thing of all, mob-rule.” (Polybius 6.57)

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
V WX Y Z A B CDE F GH I J K L M N O P Q R S T U
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

57 1 dr