WHAT IS SPECIFIC GRAVITY?

HOW TO USE SPECIFIC GRAVITY?

HOW TO DETERMINE WATER CONTENT OF SOLID

PARTICLES USING SPECIFIC GRAVITY?

PYCNOMETER
Its used to determine the surface water in solid surface
and specific gravity
OBSERVATION
Pycnometer (Empty) = W1
Pycnometer + wet soil / oven dried soil = W2
Pycnometer + soil sample + water = W3
Pycnometer + water = W4

HOW TO FIND SPECIFIC GRAVITY OF SOLID PARTICALES?

Where to use kerosene 0.79g/cc Specific gravity ?
To calculate the specific gravity of material, we use water. But in
cement, we want to use kerosene to find specific gravity in it.
The reason behind this, cement hydrates and forms calcium
oxide when it reacts with water. Cement won’t show any
reaction when it mixed with kerosene.
 CAUSES OF BUILDING WASTE ON SITE
Recent research indicates that about 5-10% of building
materials end up as waste on building sites. There are many
contributory factors to this figure, both human and mechanical,
and these are outlined below:

Examples of building waste on site.

1. Hacking off concrete becomes concrete waste
2. Broken bag of crush stone
3. Improper stacking of tiles
4. Left over mortar becomes waste
5. Wooden package disposed
6. Cutting waste of reinforcement
7. Waste materials are not segregated from useful material
8. Damage of dry wall panels
9. Cutting waste of dry wall
10. Lost of plaster while applying
11. Improper stacking of blocks
12. Damage of sanitary fitments
13. Cutting waste of tiles