Study presentation

Money and business

pending, saving and investing

ney is any object of value that can be

exchanged for a product or service.
wadays we use coins and paper notes,
in the past, many things have been used
money, such as animals, sacks of grain,
shells or beads.

at is money used for?

re are three main uses for money: spending, saving and investing.
pending, saving and investing
ending money: people can spend money
consume products and services.
can use: cash, credit cards and debit
ds.

ving money: people can save money for different reasons, such as to
a house, or pay for a holiday or a course.
ny people use saving accounts and the bank pays interest on it.
her people use money boxes which is a container where people save
ney. You can put money into a money box whenever you want.

esting money: some people invest money. When you invest, you buy
mething with the objective of making more money.
ple often buy shares or bonds as an investment. Some people buy
 How we spend money
Consumer products

-order products: products that

a high price. We don’t buy them
rly. Cars and houses are examples
h-order products.

order products: products that we

very week. They have a lower
Food and drinks are examples of
der products.
 How we spend money
Where we spend money

n centres usually have specialist shops, where

and low-order products and services can be
ht.

pping centres are large and have a lot of space

splay products. They usually have car parks, so
ten find big shops and supermarkets there.
and low-order products can be bought there.

Internet. Many retail businesses offer online

How we spend money
Services

Gas, electricity and water are

services we usually have to pay for.
Most households receive bills which
charge them for what they have
used each month.
Other services include the
Internet and phone.
Bars, cinemas, restaurants and
theme parks are other services we
How we spend money
Saving money

There are many ways to save money

when we are shopping.
We can use coupons or buy high-
order products in the sale.
We can buy low-order products in
large quantities, because this is
usually cheaper.
 Budgets
udget is a plan of how much money we can spend and how we are going to
nd it. Budgets help us control how much we spend on low-order products
such as food.

Household budgets: many Business budgets: businesses

eople use budgets for their use budgets to plan how much
 Budgets
e can look at a budget to understand how people uses money. Also, it’s
important to look at the spending and saving habits.

king a budget

1. We should make a list of the products we need.

2. We should calculate the total amount of money we can spend.

3. We should make a shopping plan. It includes information about

products and their prices. We should compare products in different
shops to find the best value product.
4. Finally, we can go shopping and buy the products we need.
 Types of companies
re are four types of companies:

Self-employed Small business

 Types of companies
Self-employed

People don’t work for other people,

they work for themselves. They often
work in the tertiary sector.

Small business

It employs a small number of people.

Small bussinesses often operate in the
tertiary sector.
 Types of companies
Cooperative
l the people working in the company own it
her. Sometimes their objective is to make
ney, but some cooperatives exist for social
or cultural reasons.

Corporation

It is owned by the people who have shares in the

company. Senior employees direct the company.
Some corporations are very big and operate in
many countries. We call them multinationals.
 Types of companies
Company director

eting manager Production manager Finance manager Human resource

manager
eting assistants Factory workers Finance assistants
Secretaries
alespeople

An organisational chart shows how a company is organised. It shows

who works for the company and what their responsibilities are.
 Money and business
at have we learnt?

We can save money by…

Using money Using savings Investing

boxes accounts money
 Money and business
at have we learnt?

We can spend money in…

The
Town centres Shopping centres
Internet
 Money and business
at have we learnt?

We can spend money on…

Higher order Lower order

goods goods
 Money and business
at have we learnt?

There are different types of companies like…

Sole
Partnerships Cooperatives Corporations
traders