School of Engineering, EM 430 2016

Module:Modelling and Analysis of Engineering Systems

@Muvwimi simwatachela CBU 2016

1. Fluid Systems

@Muvwimi simwatachela © CBU 2016

 1. Fluid Systems
❖ Heat transfer processes that occur in dynamic system, such as heating a tank of liquid, involve the
transport of energy from a source to the liquid.
❖ The properties of fluid system, such as density and temperature, change due to the transport of
mass
❖ Conservation of mass states that the mass of a system of fluid particles is constant.

Compressible –Air (density changes)

Types of fluids
Incompressible – water (density approximately constant)

@Muvwimi simwatachela © CBU 2016

 1. Fluid Systems
•

@Muvwimi simwatachela © CBU 2016

 1. Fluid Systems
❖ Conservation of Mass
The control volume form of conservation of mass is summarized as follows.

or

@Muvwimi simwatachela © CBU 2016

 1. Fluid Systems
•

@Muvwimi simwatachela © CBU 2016

 1. Fluid Systems
❖ Energy Equation
Daniel Bernoulli
(8 February 1700 – 17 March 1782)
Was a Swiss mathematician and physicist
and was one of the many prominent
mathematicians in the Bernoulli family.

@Muvwimi simwatachela © CBU 2016

 1. Fluid Systems
•

@Muvwimi simwatachela © CBU 2016

 1. Fluid Systems
•

@Muvwimi simwatachela © CBU 2016

 1. Fluid Systems
•

@Muvwimi simwatachela © CBU 2016

 1. Fluid Systems
•

@Muvwimi simwatachela © CBU 2016

 1. Fluid Systems
•

@Muvwimi simwatachela © CBU 2016

 1. Fluid Systems
•

@Muvwimi simwatachela © CBU 2016

 1. Fluid Systems
•

@Muvwimi simwatachela © CBU 2016

 1. Fluid Systems
•

@Muvwimi simwatachela © CBU 2016

Example
The cylindrical tank shown in the figure has a bottom
area 𝐴. The mass in flow rate is 𝑞𝑚𝑖(𝑡). The out let
resistance is linear and the outlet discharges to
atmospheric pressure 𝑝𝑎. Develop a model of the liquid
height ℎ
Tutorial