5/10/2020 The Jominy End Quench Test

The Jominy End Quench Test

H. K. D. H. Bhadeshia

A heat treatment that causes steel to harden is so much more than the meer plunging of hot metal into a
fluid that is often a liquid. The initial red-hot state represents the austenitic condition and the subsequent
cooling results in a variety of transformations that depend on the chemical composition of the steel. If
the intention is to produce a martensitic structure, then the constituents of the steel must be such that the
phase is obtained over the depth required.

The Jominy test provides a measure of the ability of a steel to harden by transforming into martensite
under set conditions, i.e., a measure of the hardenability of the steel. A standardised bar, 25.4 mm
diameter and 102 mm long, is heated to the austenitising temperature and then placed on a rig in which
one end of the rod is quenched by a standard jet of water. This results in a progressive decrease in the
rate of cooling along the bar from the quenched end. The depth from the quenched end, over which
martensite is obtained, is then the measure of hardenability.

Jominy end quench hardenability test

Here a specimen is in place. A jet of water emerges from the

cone at the bottom, to touch the lower end of the sample.

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Jominy end quench unit for testing the

hardenability of steels

The sample. The furnace used to heat the steel into the austenite phase field.

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Safety equipment. Two samples!

Chemical compositions, wt%

C Mn Mo Ni Cr
En8 0.4 0.6
En28 0.4 0.6 0.3 1.5 1.2
Calculated time-temperature-transformation diagrams for 1% transformation.

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A typical plot of hardness along the length of the 10 cm long steel rod. En 8 is a low hardenability steel
when compared with En 24

Optical micrographs by David Saul, presented here in adapted form.

Structure of En 24 at 5 cm position along Jominy bar

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Structure of En 24 at 10 cm position along Jominy bar, furthest from the quenched end

Structure of En 8 at the quenched end of Jominy bar

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Structure of En 8, 1 cm from quenched end of Jominy bar

Structure of En 8 at 5 cm position along Jominy bar

PT Group Home Materials Algorithms

4th edition, 2017 Free download Free download

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