UNIVERSITY OF CAGAYAN VALLEY

College of Engineering
Balzain, Tuguegarao City 3500

Name of Student: ________________________ Year/Section: _____________

Subject: ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS FOR EE Teacher: Engr. JOEY A. CANAPI

MODULE No.01 FOR MID-TERM COVERAGE

TITLE: POWER SERIES:EXPANSION OF FUNCTIONS
TOPIC:
1.MACLAURIN’S SERIES
2.TAYLOR’S SERIES
INTRODUCTION An infinite series of the form in
which are constants and x is a variable is called
a power series in x. The totality of values of x for which a
power series converges is called its interval of convergence.
This interval always includes the value x=o and its range cn
be determined by the ratio test.

LEARNING 1. Engage in life-long learning and an understanding to the

OUTCOMES needs to keep currents of the developments in the specific
field of practice.
2. Apply knowledge of mathematics, physical, life and
information sciences; and Technical discipline appropriate to
the field of discipline

LEARNING After completing this course, the student must be able to:
OBJECTIVES 1.To familiarize the different parameters, laws, theorems and
the different methods of solutions in advance mathematics.

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MACLAURIN’S SERIES

Assuming that a function f(x) can be represented within a certain interval of convergence by a
power series of the form ( ) where the a’s are constant to be
determined.
Setting x = 0 in f(x), then,
f(0) =
Hence, the first coefficient in f(x) is determined.
Assuming that the series in f(x) may be differentiated term by term, and that this differentiation
may be continued, then:
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )( )
Letting x=0, the result are solving for constant
f (0) = ( )
f (0) = ( )
( )
f (0) =
( )
(0) =
( )

Substituting the values of a’s into f(x); therefore

( ) ( ) ( )
f(x) = ( ) + ( ) + + +……+

Example
Maclaurin series of sin x

Solution

f(x) = (0)=0
f (x) = f (0) =
f (x) = f (0) =
f (x) = f (0) =
(x) = (0) =

( ) ( ) ( )
f(x) = ( ) + ( ) + + +……+

= 0 + 1x + - + +

=x- + - +

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TAYLOR’S SERIES

Any function f(x) can be represented by a series of the form

( ) ( ) ( )
f(x) = ( ) + ( )( )+ ( ) + ( ) +……+ ( )
where “a” is an arbitrary constant.
If a=0, the taylor’s series become the maclaurin’s series.

Example

Expand x² in powers of ( x=2 )

Solution

Let f(x) = x² and a=2 so that

f (x) = x² ; f(2) = 4
f (x) =2 x ; f(2) = 4
f (x) =2 ; f(2) = 2
f (x) =0 ; f(2) = 0

( ) ( )
Therefore, x² = f(2) + f(2)(x-2) + ( ) + ( )
( )
= 4 + 4(x-2) + ( ) + ( )
x² = 4 + 4(x-2) + ( )

Solve the following problem:

1. Compute the value √ using maclaurin’s series.
2. Compute the maclaurin’s series for √
3. Obtain the maclaurin’s series for
4. Using taylor’s series expand in power of (x + 1)
5. Expand the taylor’s series of cos x in powers of (x - )

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 UNIVERSITY OF CAGAYAN VALLEY
College of Engineering
Balzain, Tuguegarao City 3500

Name of Student: ________________________ Year/Section: _____________

Subject: ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS FOR EE Teacher: Engr. JOEY A. CANAPI

MODULE No.02 FOR FINAL TERM COVERAGE

TITLE: POWER SERIES:EXPANSION OF FUNCTIONS
TOPIC:
1.POWER SERIES SOLUTION OF DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION
INTRODUCTION An infinite series of the form in
which are constants and x is a variable is called
a power series in x. The totality of values of x for which a
power series converges is called its interval of convergence.
This interval always includes the value x=o and its range cn
be determined by the ratio test.

LEARNING 1. Engage in life-long learning and an understanding to the

OUTCOMES needs to keep currents of the developments in the specific
field of practice.
2. Apply knowledge of mathematics, physical, life and
information sciences; and Technical discipline appropriate to
the field of discipline

LEARNING After completing this course, the student must be able to:
OBJECTIVES 1.To familiarize the different parameters, laws, theorems and
the different methods of solutions in advance mathematics.

[Type text] Page 4

POWER SERIES SOLUTION OF DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION

The power series method is a method of solving differential equations which yields solution
in the form of power series. It is a very effective standard procedure in connection with linear
differential equation whose coefficients are variable.
Given differential equation, first represent all given functions in the equation by power series
in powers of x. Then, assume a solution in the form of power series, say

y= x+ + + ……
= + + + ……
= + + 4.3 +……
Collecting like power of x, write the resulting equation in the form
x+ + +…..= 0
Where the constant , , ….are expressions containing the unknown coefficients , etc.
So that , , from this equation, determine the coefficients , , …..
successively. Then substitute these coefficients into the assumed power series solution and
simplify.
Example
Solve the differential equation y' – y = 0 using the power series method.
Solution:
Assuming a solution in the form
y= x+ + + ……
= + + + ……
Hence, y' – y = 0
( + + + ……) - ( x+ + + ……) = 0
Collecting like power of x:
( )+( ) +( ) + …= 0 then

=0 ; ;
= since =
=

Therefore,
y= x+ + +

y= + + + + …..

y= (1+ +
Solve the following problem:
1. Solve the differential equation
2. Solve the differential equation (
3. Solve the differential equation
+ + …..)
+ y = 0 using power series method.
) - (x + 2 )y = 0 using power series method.
- y = 0 using power series method.

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