Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Abstract
The present study describes the effect of wind on multi-storied building. It deals with the analysis of G+15 multi-storied framed
structure for different plan configuration i.e. Rectangular, I-shape, C-shape and L-shape building plan configuration are considered.
The basic wind speed considered is 50m/s. For the analysis the software tool is used i.e. E-TABS. Different load combinations
considered and compared the results of Lateral Displacement, Base shear, Over-turning moment, Torsion etc.., for all four models
and concluded that which one is the best configuration among them. Compared only lateral displacement parameter with and
without shear wall. In analysis for gravity, live and wind loads used codes are IS: 875 part-1, IS: 875 part-2, IS: 875 part-3, for
load combinations used IS: 456, Compiled all the results and tabulated. All the results are studied thoroughly and concluded.
Keywords: Wind effect, Rectangular, I-shape, C-shape and L-shape building plan configuration, Shear wall and Lateral
displacement
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I. INTRODUCTION
Due to rapidly growing urbanization the land become very scarcer, to that alternate is using vertical occupancy (i.e. High-rise and
Tall buildings). Tall buildings are mainly differ with normal building is its lateral load which is mainly differentiate them. Main
difficulty always exist in measuring its real performance. As a structural engineer always want the structure should give comfort
to the occupant in its service. Lateral displacement will cause more discomfort to the occupant and that is the main concerning
problem in tall structures. Due to this lateral movement the building may oscillates if it extends the allowable there will be structural
damages, so the building should satisfy for all required serviceability criteria.
In previous we saw due to lateral loads the building is going to categorize as tall building. Here our main concern about wind
load. In USA between 1986 and 1993 hurricanes and tornados caused about $41 billion in insured catastrophic losses, compared
with $6.18 billion for all other natural hazards. Not only in USA, had so many European countries also faced losses due to winter
storms. According to one insurance agency in 1999 the natural catastrophic resulting in the largest amount of insured losses up to
that date was hurricane Andrew in 1992($16.5 billion).
Hudhud caused extensive damage to the city of Visakhapatnam and the neighboring districts of Vizianagaram and Srikakulam
of Andhra Pradesh. Damages were estimated to be ₹21908 crore (US$3.4 billion) by the Andhra state government. So in this paper
we concentrate about the wind.
Nature of Wind
“Wind” is term used for air in motion and is usually applied to the natural horizontal motion of the atmosphere. Motion in a vertical
or nearly vertical direction is called a “current”. Movement of air nearby earth’s surface is 3-dimensional with horizontal motion
much greater than the vertical motion. Horizontal motion of air, particularly the gradual retardation of wind speed and the high
turbulence that occur near the ground surface. Variations in speed of local winds are referred as “gusts”. Flow of wind is not steady
and fluctuates in a random fashion. So wind loads imposed on buildings are studied statistically.
Characteristics of wind
Variation of wind velocity with height
Wind turbulence
Statistical probability
Vortex shedding phenomenon
Dynamic nature of wind-structure interaction
Shear Wall
Shear wall is a structural member used to resist lateral forces i.e. parallel to the plane of the wall. For slender walls where the
bending deformation is more, Shear wall resists the loads due to Cantilever Action. In other words, Shear walls are vertical elements
of the horizontal force resisting system. Shear walls are especially important in high-rise buildings subject to lateral wind and
seismic forces.
Carryout analysis of a multi-story building subjected to wind load by considering a Rectangular Building, L-shape Building,
C-shape Building, I-shape Building.
To ensure that the structure is safe against all possible loading conditions and to fulfill the function for which they built.
To present the factors which are taken into account in the analysis of multi storied Building and the methods, which can be
adopted.
To gain a better understanding of the structure behavior under the action of the applied loading.
To check for the best plan of a building among three different shapes in certain design specifications.
To illustrate the decrease in lateral displacements using shear wall
III. METHODOLOGY
For the study four three dimensional building models (i.e. Rectangular, I-shape, C-shape, L-shape plan configuration) are used as
the basic models in the study. All buildings have 15 stories with plot area of 40.1574mX40.005m.
Loading
Dead loads of respective members.
Concrete density: 25kN/m3.
Finishes: Floor finish=1.5kN/m2 on all floors.
Live loads= 2kN/m2 on all floors except roof.
=3kN/m2 on balconies and corridors.
Lateral load is calculated as per IS 875(part-3):1987
Fallowing parameters are considered
Terrain category: IV
Class of building: B
Basic wind speed: 50 m/sec
Material Properties
Concrete grade: M25 for beams, columns, slabs and shear wall.
Steel grade: Fe415.
Modulus of elasticity of steel (Es)= 2x105 MPa
Modulus of elasticity of concrete (Ec) =5000√𝑓𝑐𝑘
=25000MPa for M25
Drawings
Over turning moment comparison between Four Models for different combinations
Table - 4.3
Over turning moment comparison between Four Models for different combinations
Over turning Moment (kN-m)
S.No. Load Combination
RECTANGULAR I-SHAPE C-SHAPE L-Shape
1 0.9DL-1.5WLX -3893790 -4064853 -4171592 -5536619
2 0.9DL+1.5WLX -3893790 -4064853 -4171592 -5536619
3 0.9DL-1.5WLY -3771340 4081237 3624845 5567099
4 0.9DL+1.5WLY -3771340 4081237 3624845 5567099
5 1.2(DL+LL-WLX) -5851042 -6170904 -6271498 -8419239
6 1.2(DL+LL+WLX) -5851042 -6170904 -6271498 -8419239
7 1.2(DL+LL-WLY) -5753082 6189403 5424896 8455447
8 1.2(DL+LL+WLY) -5753082 6189403 5424896 8455447
9 1.5(DL-WLX) -6408016 -6693121 -6871021 -9146065
10 1.5(DL+WLX) -6408016 -6693121 -6871021 -9146065
11 1.5(DL-WLY) -6285566 6720118 5959464 9196554
12 1.5(DL+WLY) -6285566 6720118 5959464 9196554
13 1.5(DL+LL) -7191353 -7591179 -7716923 10446392
Shear force in Columns comparison between Four Models for different combinations
Table - 4.7
Shear force in Columns comparison between Four Models for different combinations
SHEAR FORCE (kN)
S.No Load Combination
RECTANGULAR I SHAPE C SHAPE L SHAPE
1 0.9DL-1.5WLX 78.575 90.181 93.953 127.657
2 0.9DL+1.5WLX 78.575 90.181 93.953 127.657
3 0.9DL-1.5WLY 92.9153 111.428 110.234 146.735
4 0.9DL+1.5WLY 92.9153 111.428 110.234 146.735
5 1.2(DL+LL-WLX) 96.8081 119.093 115.738 115.315
6 1.2(DL+LL+WLX) 96.8081 119.093 115.738 115.315
7 1.2(DL+LL-WLY) 121.4883 147.373 144.778 152.583
8 1.2(DL+LL+WLY) 121.4883 147.373 144.778 152.583
9 1.5(DL-WLX) 103.0573 126.112 122.120 136.528
10 1.5(DL+WLX) 103.0573 126.112 122.120 136.528
11 1.5(DL-WLY) 133.9076 161.462 158.420 174.719
12 1.5(DL+WLY) 133.9076 161.462 158.420 174.719
13 1.5(DL+LL) 120.4334 147.840 143.018 128.097
V. DISCUSSIONS
After applying wind load the lateral displacements are going to increase according to its asymmetry. It was decreased by
providing shear wall.
Story displacement is drastically increasing from fourth to tenth story.
Percentage difference in torsion and base shear for all models are very less.
Moment in columns are going to change drastically.
Maximum bending moment in beams is doubled for L-shape compare with rectangle plan configuration.
1.5(DL±WLX), 1.5(DL±WLY) load combinations creating maximum effect on all structural parameters.
Over turning moment is very high for L-shape compare with the remaining configurations.
VI. CONCLUSIONS
From the results and graphs it is inferred that the lateral displacement for all load combinations is increasing with the increase
in asymmetry of plan. For example the lateral displacement for all the load combinations in L shaped plan is obtained
maximum when compared to the other plans. (Nearly doubled)
It was also inferred that Base shear and Torsion remains unchanged irrespective to the plans.
From the results it was interpreted that the Overturning moment is less for Rectangular shape and very high for L Shape plans.
Maximum Shear force in a beam is changing drastically between rectangular and L Shape. It was found that the maximum
shear force has been increased to 23.41% in case of L shaped plan when compared to the rectangular plan.
Maximum Bending moment in a beam for different load combinations is differ by 17.2% to Rectangular and L shape building.
Shear force in columns for different load combinations, it is interpreted that is differ by 30.477%.
It is inferred that the moment in columns are doubled when compare with rectangle and L shape building.
Lateral displacement in L Shape building is decreased by nearly 55% for all combinations by providing Shear wall.
REFERENCES
[1] Abhay Guleria, “Structural Analysis of a Multi-Storeyed Building using ETABS for different Plan Configurations” International Journal of Engineering
Research & Technology (IJERT) IJERT ISSN: 2278-0181 IJERTV3IS051552 www.ijert.org Vol. 3 Issue 5, May – 2014.
[2] Arvind Y.Vyavahare, Godbole P.N Nikose, “Analysis of Tall Buildings for Across Wind Respons” International
[3] Journal of Civil and Structural Engineering, VOL 2 NO3, 2012.
[4] Auto S.M., “Wind load estimation of Tall buildings part I: Comparision of Russian and Nigerian code of practice” Asian Journal of Civil Engineering
(Building and Housing) vol 7, No3 (2006)
[5] Abdur Rahman, Saiada Fuadi Fancy, Shamim Ara Bobby “Analysis of drift due to wind loads and earthquake loads on tall structures by Programming
Language C”, International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research
[6] Bungale S.Taranath Ph.D.,S.E., John A. Martin &Associates "Design of Wind and Earthquake Resistant Buildings" Inc Los Angeles, California
[7] Bodhisatta H and P.N.Godbole:"Review of Indian wind code-1S 875(part3) 1987" prepared by the Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur(2006)
[8] Islam & Siddique ,Murshed "Sustinable Development in drift control of Tall Buildings”, 4th annual paper meet and 1st Civil Engineering Congress, December
2224, 2011
[9] ETABS 2016 Analysis reference manual and ETABS videos.
[10] Satish kumar et.al, “Investigation of lateral performance Influencing aspects”, Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics (2011)
[11] Jlianguo Zhang.Ming Gu, “Distribution Of Back ground Equivalent Static Wind load on High-Rise Buildings” Frontiers of Architecture and civil Engineering
in china, Volume 3.Issue 3.PP 241-248 September 2009