-:English

We use English to do our research from the international websites and references to find
good information about the problems that Egypt faces and find certain numbers and rates .
also we use it to communicate WITH FOREIGN people around the world to ask them about
the kind of the good bridges and the new ideas we can use to solve our problem well

-: Geology

We use geology to know which materials and minerals we should use in our bridge to
improve its sustainability for example :- we can’t use the copper to build our bridge but we
can use iron because it's stronger than the copper and when we design the base of the
bridge we have to study the ground that we will build the bridge on to choose the shape and
the type of the bridge

-: Physics

We use physics to measure the dimensions of the bridge for example : we will use the meter
standard unit to calculate the length and the height of the bridge and when we calculate this
dimensions we have to use the accuracy because any error will cause consequences but
there is many kinds of the errors there is the random error that we can not correct it so we
have to handle it and there is the systematic errors which happens due to the wrong use of
the measuring tools so we should use these tools very carefully in our calculation

also we will use the forces and newton laws to give our bridge enough sustainability to bear
-: the heavy weights for example

In the newton first law the object become equilibrium just when the net force equals zero so
to make our bridge equilibrium we have to make the forces which exert on the bridge total
value equal zero

in the newton second law we learnt that the gravitation force equals the acceleration
MULTIPLIED by the mass (F =m*s) where the acceleration has a constant value so that when
the mass increase the gravitation force will increase too and when that affects the
sustainability of our bridge so if the mass of the cars is big the g force will increase and that
would break the bridge and destroy it so we have to put in our mind the effect of the forces
and the physical laws on our bridge

in the newton third law " have action has a reaction " in the preparing for the safety we can
use this law to design the handrail of the bridge and use a material that can reduce the
impact of the collision between the cars and the handrail so that we get more safety for the
drivers
-:Biology

We use biology for understanding how important is our capstone . actually there is an
indirect relation between building a bridge and stopping disease .One of the results that the
urban congestion " our capstone problem " causes is the water pollution and when the fresh
water is polluted the diseases such as bilharzia and virus c will spread out , the infection will
increase and more people will die so to stop this diseases we have to reduce the urban
. congestion and this what our capstone seeks to achieve

Also, when we learnt the cell structure we noticed that it's similar to the bridge structure for
-:example

both the cell and the bridge have a kind of wall surrounding them in the cell we call it the -1
cell membrane and in the bridge we call it the insulation

the string is the same as the DNA which we found inside the cell in the chromosomes -2

-: Chemistry

We use it to determine the bridge dimensions accurately by using the significant figures
because any error can cause dangerous consequences

We use the scientific methods to find good solution for our problem by identifying
observing the wrong in the other solutions which already tried and try to correct this wrong ,
testing the new solution then concluding the final figure for the solution

The chemical reactions with the climate factors also can cause bridge corrosion so we have
to study which materials have the sustainability to face these chemical reactions

-: Mathematics

We can use the trigonometry to measure the height and the dimensions of the bridge by
using the sin and the cos laws and the Pythagoras and we can use the slope law to find the
slope of the bridge . also we can use it to find the equilibrium angles that makes the bridge
constant and still on the ground