Phase Reversal Protection for Motors

1MRS 752323-MUM PREV3
Issued: 3/2000
Version: B/25.1.2002
Phase Reversal Protection
Data subject to change without notice
Contents
1 Introduction ....................................................................................2
1.1 Features.......................................................................................... 2
1.2 Application ...................................................................................... 2
1.3 Input description.............................................................................. 3
1.4 Output description ........................................................................... 3
2 Description of Operation...............................................................4
2.1 Configuration................................................................................... 4
2.1.1 Input and output configuration ............................................. 4
2.1.2 Setting the rated current of the protected unit ...................... 5
2.2 Measuring mode ............................................................................. 5
2.3 Operation criteria............................................................................. 5
2.4 Setting groups................................................................................. 8
2.5 Test mode ....................................................................................... 8
2.6 Resetting......................................................................................... 9
3 Parameters and Events ...............................................................10
3.1 General ......................................................................................... 10

3.2 Setting values ............................................................................... 11
3.2.1 Actual settings ................................................................... 11
3.2.2 Setting group 1 .................................................................. 11
3.2.3 Setting group 2 .................................................................. 11
3.2.4 Control settings.................................................................. 12
3.3 Measurement values..................................................................... 13
3.3.1 Input data........................................................................... 13
3.3.2 Output data........................................................................ 13
3.3.3 Recorded data ................................................................... 13
3.3.4 Events................................................................................ 16
4 Technical Data..............................................................................17
PREV3 Substation Automation
1 Introduction
1.1 Features
• Phase reversal protection for motors
• Definite-time (DT) operation based on phase angle difference
• Current measurement with conventional current transformers or Rogowski coils
1.2 Application
This document specifies the functions of the phase reversal protection function block
PREV3 used in products based on the RED 500 Platform.
The function block PREV3 is designed for the phase reversal protection of motors.
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Substation Automation PREV3
1.3 Input description

Name Type Description
IL1 Analogue signal (SINT) Input for measuring the phase current IL1
BLOCK Digital signal (BOOL, active BLOCK signal for blocking the TRIP
high) signal
TRIGG Digital signal (BOOL, active Control signal for triggering the registers
high)
GROUP Digital signal (BOOL, active Control input for switching between the
high) setting groups 1and 2. When GROUP is
FALSE, group 1 is active. When GROUP
is TRUE, group 2 is active.
RESET Reset signal (BOOL, pos. Input signal for resetting the trip signal
edge) and registers of PREV3
1.4 Output description

Name Type Description
START Digital signal (BOOL, active high) Start signal
TRIP Digital signal (BOOL, active high) Trip signal
ERR Digital signal (BOOL, active high) Signal for indicating a configuration
error
3
2 Description of Operation
2.1 Configuration
2.1.1 Input and output configuration
Phase currents can be measured via conventional current transformers or Rogowski

coils. The measuring devices and signal types for analogue channels are selected and
configured in a special dialogue box of the Relay Configuration Tool. Digital inputs
are configured in the same programming environment (the number of selectable
analogue inputs, digital inputs and digital outputs depends on the hardware used).
When the analogue channels and digital inputs have been selected and configured in
the dialogue box, the inputs and outputs of the function block can be configured on a
graphic worksheet of the configuration tool. The phase currents IL1, IL2 and IL3 are
connected to the corresponding IL1, IL2 and IL3 inputs of the function block. If the
operation mode “2-phase” is selected, the configuration possibilities are those shown
in Figure 3. In case of the operation mode “3-phase”, the configuration is as presented
in Figure 4.
Digital inputs are connected to the boolean inputs of the function block and in the
same way, the outputs of the function block are connected to the output signals.
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Note! Using the signals IL1b, IL2b and IL3b instead of IL1, IL2 and IL3 is also
possible, but mixing these two signal sets is not allowed.
4
2.1.2 Setting the rated current of the protected unit
A separate scaling factor can be set for each analogue channel. The factors enable
differences between the ratings of protected unit (generator, transformer, motor, etc.)
and those of the measuring device (CTs, VTs, etc.). The setting value 1.00 means that
the rated value of the protected unit is exactly the same as that of the measuring
device. For more information refer to the Technical Reference Manual for REM 54_.
2.2 Measuring mode
The operation based on the numerically calculated fundamental frequency component

of the current has the following features:
• the operation is insensitive to the DC component
• the harmonics suppression is about -50 dB at f = n x fn, where n = 2, 3, 4, 5,...
2.3 Operation criteria
The operation of PREV3 is based on phase angle differences between the currents IL1,
IL2 and IL3. Measured phase angle difference between two phase is set to 0 if current is
below 0.05 x In at least in other phase. Moreover, that forced value of phase angle
difference can’t cause phase reversal operation even if it is in operating range when 3-
phase operation mode is used. The setting parameters with their features are described
below.
Operation mode:
Not in use:
PREV3 is switched off.
2-phase:
Operation is based on definite time and the value of the neutral current is assumed to
be 0 i.e. IL1+IL2+IL3=0. The function block operates if the phase difference between
two phases is -90°...-150° and the expected rotation direction is forward. If the reverse
rotation direction is selected, the operating range is 90°...150°.
5
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Phases L1 and L2 are used for protection. The rotation direction selected with the
parameter “Rotation dir.” is forward and thus the operating range is -90...-150°. In
Figure 5 (a), the actual rotation direction is forward and the phase difference between
currents IL1 and IL2 is 120°. In figure 5 (b), the function block operates because the
actual direction is reverse and the phase difference is -120°.
L1 L1
(a) (b)
α (L1-L2) -120.0°
-150.0°
-90.0°
120.0° α (L1-L2)
L3 L2 L2 L3
Operating range
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3-phase:
Operation is based on definite time. The function block operates if the phase
difference between two phases is 2°...-122° and the expected rotation direction is
forward. If the reverse rotation direction is selected, the operating range is -2°...122°.
If only two currents are above the blocking current value 0.05 x In, operation of the 3-
phase mode is similar to the 2-phase mode.
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All three phases are used for protection. The selected rotation direction is forward and
thus the operating range is 2°...-122°. In Figure 6 (a), the actual rotation direction is
forward and the phase differences are 120°. In Figure 6 (b), the CT polarity of the
phase L3 has reversed. The function block operates because two phase difference
values are -60°.
L1 L1
(a) (b)
-60.0° α (L3-L1)
L3
α (L1-L2)
α (L3-L1) 120.0° 120.0° α (L1-L2) 120.0°
-60.0° α (L2-L3)
120.0°
L2 Operating range L2
L3 α (L2-L3)
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Operate time:
When the function block starts, the START signal is set to TRUE. Should the phase
reversal situation exceed the set definite operate time, the function block operates.
The delay of the heavy-duty output relay is included in the total operate time. When
the function block operates, the TRIP signal is set to TRUE. In Figure , the input
signal IN of the DT timer is TRUE when the selected operation criterion is true and
FALSE when the criterion is false.
The DT timer is allowed to run only if the blocking signal BLOCK is inactive i.e. its
value is FALSE. When the blocking signal becomes active i.e. its value turns to
TRUE, the timer will be stopped (frozen).
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Rotation dir. :
Forward:
Expected phase order is L1,L2,L3 and motor rotation direction forward.
L1 L1 L2 L3 L1 L2 L3
α (L3-L1) 120.0° 120.0° α (L1-L2)
120.0°
L3 α (L2-L3) L2
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Reverse:
Expected phase order is L1,L3,L2 and motor rotation direction reverse.
L1 L1 L3 L2 L1 L3 L2
α (L1-L2) -120.0° -120.0° α (L3-L1)
-120.0°
L2 α (L2-L3) L3
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If expected rotation direction is wanted to change during motor operation sequency, it
is recommended to select different rotation direction for setting parameter “Rotation
dir. “ in “Setting group1” and “Setting group 2”. Active setting group and likewise
active setting for “Expected rot.”can now be selected via GROUP input (see also
section “Setting groups”).
2.4 Setting groups
Two different groups of setting values, group1 and group 2, are available for the
function block. Switching between the two groups can be done in the following three
ways:
1. Locally via the control parameter “Group selection”1) of the MMI

2. Over the communication bus by writing the parameter V11)
3. By means of the input signal GROUP when allowed via the parameter “Group
selection” (i.e. when V1=21))
1)
Group selection (V1): 0 = Group 1; 1 = Group 2; 2 = GROUP input
The control parameter “Active group” indicates the setting group valid at a given
time.
2.5 Test mode
The digital outputs of the function block can be activated with separate control
parameters for each output either locally via the MMI or externally via the serial
communication. When an output is activated with the test parameter, an event
indicating the test is generated.
The protection functions operate normally while the outputs are tested.
8
2.6 Resetting
The TRIP output signal and the registers can be reset either via the RESET input, or
over the serial bus or the local MMI.
The operation indicators, latched alarm or trip signal and recorded data can be reset as
follows:
Operation Latched Recorded
indicators alarm or data
trip signal
1)
RESET input of the function block X X
1)
Parameter F055V013 for PREV3 X X
2)
General parameter F001V011 X
2)
General parameter F001V012 X X
2)
General parameter F001V013 X X X
2)
Push-button C X
2)
Push-buttons C + E (2 s) X X
2)
Push-buttons C + E (5 s) X X X
1)
Resets the latched alarm or trip signal and recorded data of the particular function block.
2)
Affects all function blocks.
9
3 Parameters and Events
3.1 General
• Each function block has a specific channel number for serial communication
parameters and events. The channel for PREV3 is 55.
• The data direction of the parameters defines the use of each parameter as follows:
Data direction Description
R, R/M Read only
W Write only
R/W Read and write
• The different event mask parameters (see section “Control settings”) affect the
visibility of events on the MMI or on serial communication (LON or SPA) as
follows:
Event mask 1 (FxxxV101/102) SPA / MMI (LON)
Event mask 2 (FxxxV103/104) LON
For example, if only the events E3, E4 and E5 are to be seen on the MMI of the
relay terminal, the event mask value 56 (8 + 16 + 32) is written to the “Event mask
1” parameter (FxxxV101).
10
3.2 Setting values
3.2.1 Actual settings

Parameter Code Values Unit Default Data Explanation
direction
Operation mode S1 0…2 1) - 2 R Selection of operation
mode
Operate time S2 0.10…10.00 s 0.5 R Operate time in DT
mode
Rotation dir. S3 0 or 1 2) - 0 R Selection of expected
rotation direction
1)
Operation mode 0 = Not in use; 1 = 2-phase; 2 = 3-phase
2)
Rotation dir. 0 = Forward; 1 = Reverse
3.2.2 Setting group 1

direction
Operation mode S41 0…2 1) - 2 R/W Selection of operation
mode
Operate time S42 0.10…10.00 s 0.5 R/W Operate time in DT
mode
Rotation dir. S43 0 or 1 2) - 0 R/W Selection of expected
rotation direction
1)
2)
3.2.3 Setting group 2

direction
Operation mode S71 0…2 1) - 2 R/W Selection of operation
mode
Operate time S72 0.10…10.00 s 0.5 R/W Operate time in DT
mode
Rotation dir. S73 0 or 1 2) - 0 R/W Selection of expected
rotation direction
1)
2)
11
3.2.4 Control settings

direction
Group selection V1 0…2 1) - 0 R/W Selection of the active
setting group
Active group V2 0 or 1 2) - 0 R/M Active setting group
Start pulse V3 0…1000 ms 0 R/W Minimum pulse width of
START signal
Trip signal V4 0 or 1 3) - 0 R/W Selection of latching
feature for TRIP output
Trip pulse V5 40…1000 ms 40 R/W Minimum pulse width of
TRIP
Reset registers V13 1 = Reset - 0 W Resetting of latched trip
signal and registers
Test START V31 0 or 1 4) - - R/W Testing of START
4)
Test TRIP V32 0 or 1 - - R/W Testing of TRIP
Event mask 1 V101 0…255 - 15 R/W Event mask 1 for event
transmission (E0…E7)
1)
Group selection 0 = Group 1; 1 = Group 2; 2 = GROUP input
2)
Active group 0 = Group 1; 1 = Group 2
3)
Trip signal 0 = Non-latching; 1 = Latching
4)
Test 0 = Do not activate; 1 = Activate
12
3.3 Measurement values
3.3.1 Input data

direction
Current IL1 I1 0.00…60.00 x In 0.00 R/M Phase current IL1
Angle IL1-IL2 I4 -180…180 ° 0 R/M Phase difference of the
currents L1 and L2
currents L2 and L3
currents L3 and L1
Input BLOCK I7 0 or 1 1) - 0 R/M Status of BLOCK signal
1)
Input TRIGG I8 0 or 1 - 0 R/M Status of TRIGG signal
Input GROUP I9 0 or 1 1) - 0 R/M Status of the signal for
switching between group 1
and 2
Input RESET I10 0 or 1 1) - 0 R/M Status of the signal for
resetting the output
signals of PREV3
1)
Input 0 = Not active; 1 = Active
3.3.2 Output data

direction
Output START O1 0 or 1 1) - 0 R/M Status of start signal
Output TRIP O2 0 or 1 1) - 0 R/M Status of trip signal
1)
Output 0 = Not active; 1 = Active
3.3.3 Recorded data
3.3.3.1 General
The information required for later fault analysis is recorded when the function block
starts or trips, or when the recording function is triggered via an external triggering
input.
The data of three last operations (operation 1...3) are recorded and the values of the
most recent operation always replace the data of the oldest operation. The registers
are updated in the following order: Operation 1, Operation 2, Operation 3, Operation
1, Operation 2,...
3.3.3.2 Date and time
The time stamp indicates the rising edge of the START, TRIP or TRIGG signal.
13
3.3.3.3 Status data
The status data of the BLOCK input (Active or Not active) and the “Active group”
parameter are recorded at the moment of triggering. The “Active group” parameter
indicates the setting group valid for the recorded data.
3.3.3.4 Duration
In the DT mode of operation, the duration of the start situation is recorded as a

percentage of the set operate time.
3.3.3.5 Currents and phase differencies
If the function block alarms or trips, the current values and phase difference values
are updated at the moment of tripping, i.e. on the rising edge of the TRIP signal. For
external triggering, the current values and phase difference values are updated at the
moment of triggering, i.e. on the rising edge of the input signal TRIGG. If the
function block starts but does not trip, the current and phase difference values
captured one fundamental cycle (20 ms at rated frequency 50 Hz) after the beginning
of the start situation are recorded. So the values of the phase currents IL1, IL2 and IL3
and phase angle difference values always originate from the same moment. The
current values are recorded as multiples of the rated current In and the phase
difference values are recorded in degrees.
3.3.3.6 Priority
The priority of the recording function is the following:

1. Tripping
2. Starting
3. External triggering,
which means that if the function block has started, it will neglect an external
triggering request.
14
3.3.3.7 Recorded data 1

direction
Date V201 YYYY-MM-DD - - R/M Recording date
Time V202 hh:mm:ss.000 - - R/M Recording time
Duration V203 0.0…100.0 % 0.0 R/M Duration of start
situation
Current IL1 V204 0.00…60.00 x In 0.00 R/M Phase current IL1
Angle IL1-IL2 V207 -180…180 ° 0 R/M Phase difference of the
currents IL1 and IL2
BLOCK V210 0 or 1 1) - 0 R/M Status of BLOCK input
2)
Active group V211 0 or 1 - 0 R/M Active setting group
1)
BLOCK 0 = Not active; 1 = Active
2)

direction
situation
2)
1)
2)
15

direction
situation
2)
1)
2)
3.3.4 Events
Code Weighting Default mask Event reason Event state
coefficient
E0 1 1 START signal from PREV3 Reset
E1 2 1 START signal from PREV3 Activated
E2 4 1 TRIP signal from PREV3 Reset
E3 8 1 TRIP signal from PREV3 Activated
E4 16 0 BLOCK signal of PREV3 Reset
E5 32 0 BLOCK signal of PREV3 Activated
E6 64 0 Test mode of PREV3 Off
E7 128 0 Test mode of PREV3 On
16
4 Technical Data
Operation accuracies Depends on the frequency of the current measured:
f/fn = 0.95…1.05: phase angle difference ±2°
current ±0.01 x In
Start time Start time when the phase order is wrong
and the injected currents = 1.0 x In:
f/fn = 0.95…1.05: internal time < 72 ms
total time < 80 ms 1)
Reset time2) 40…1000 ms
(depends on the minimum pulse width set for the TRIP output)
Reset ratio Reset value for the phase angle difference: 3°
Retardation time Total retardation time when the correct phase order is
restored < 60 ms 2)
Operate time accuracy Depends on the frequency of the current measured:
f/fn = 0.95…1.05: ±2% of set value or ±20 ms 2)
Frequency dependence of Suppression of harmonics:
the settings and operate -50 dB at f = n x fn, where n = 2, 3, 4, 5, …
times (see above)
Configuration data Task execution interval (Relay Configuration Tool): 10 ms
at the rated frequency fn = 50 Hz
1)
Includes the delay of the signal relay
2)
Includes the delay of the heavy-duty output relay
Technical revision history

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Phase Reversal Protection for Motors

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1MRS 752323-MUM PREV3

3 Parameters and Events ...............................................................10

3.1 General ......................................................................................... 10

1.3 Input description

1.4 Output description

2.1.1 Input and output configuration

Phase currents can be measured via conventional current transformers or Rogowski

2.1.2 Setting the rated current of the protected unit

2.2 Measuring mode

The operation based on the numerically calculated fundamental frequency component

2.3 Operation criteria

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α (L3-L1) 120.0° 120.0° α (L1-L2)

α (L1-L2) -120.0° -120.0° α (L3-L1)

2.4 Setting groups

1. Locally via the control parameter “Group selection”1) of the MMI

2.5 Test mode

3 Parameters and Events

3.2 Setting values

3.2.1 Actual settings

3.2.2 Setting group 1

3.2.3 Setting group 2

3.2.4 Control settings

3.3 Measurement values

3.3.1 Input data

3.3.2 Output data

3.3.3 Recorded data

3.3.3.2 Date and time

3.3.3.3 Status data

In the DT mode of operation, the duration of the start situation is recorded as a

3.3.3.5 Currents and phase differencies

The priority of the recording function is the following:

3.3.3.7 Recorded data 1

3.3.3.8 Recorded data 2

3.3.3.9 Recorded data 3

Technical revision history

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