1.

FMA (Factories & Machinery Act) 1967

2. OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Act) 1994
3. EQA (Environmental Quality Act) 1974
4. Pesticides Act 1994
2. LOCAL LAWS & REGULATIONS 5. Poisons Act 1952 and Regulations
ON CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES 6. Atomic Energy Licensing Act 1984
7. Sales of Drugs Act 1952
8. Gas Supply Act 1993 & Gas Supply Regulations 1997
9. Uniform Building By-Laws 1984
10. Atomic Energy Licensing Act 1984

FACTORIES AND MACHINERY ACT 1967

> 1994

1994
1994

Occupational Safety & Health Act 1994

(FMA 1967)
SEJARAH PERUNDANGAN OSH

Factory & Machinery Act1967 (By

1970

1967
Boiler + Machinery + Industrial + hygiene safety

Department of Factory & Machinery – JKJ)

• The Machinery Ordinance has been

Act 64 in the year 1967
Boiler + Machinery + Industrial safety

1953
Boiler safety + Machinery safety 1951

enforced. 

 Malaysia Law Act 139 on 1 April 1974

Occupational Safety and Health

• Machinery Enactment of 1932 under

1932 Mineral Department.

1913
Main objective:
1914

• Machinery Enactment of 1913

To provide for the control of factories with
1908
• Negeri Melayu Bersekutu has been respect to matters relating to the safety,
enforced by Perak Order Council
health and welfare of persons, the
Boiler safety

1892 • Selangor Boiler Enactment registration and inspection of machinery.

1890 • The Perak Order In Council,

3 4

1
 PART II PART II
SAFETY, HEALTH AND WELFARE SAFETY, HEALTH AND WELFARE
 Persons exposed to explosive, inflammable, etc., substances;
 Provisions relating to safety, etc.  Lifting of weights;
 Foundations & floors shall be of sufficient strength to  Provisions against fire;
sustain the loads for which they are designed; & no  Construction of machinery;
foundation or floor shall be overloaded;  Dangerous parts of machinery;
Projecting material;
 Roofs shall be of sufficient strength to carry where 

Machinery for hire or sale must comply with regulations;

necessary suspended loads; 

 Machinery manufactured or repaired must comply with regulations;

 All floors, working levels, platforms, decks, stairways,
 Certificate of fitness;
passages, gangways, ladders & steps shall be of safe
 Duties of persons employed;
construction so as to prevent a risk of persons falling;
 Duties of occupier;
 Etc……prescribed provisions  Provisions relating to health;
5
 Exposure to elements; PPE; provisions relating to welfare. 6

PART III PART IV

PERSONS IN CHARGE AND CERTIFICATES NOTIFICATION OF ACCIDENT, DANGEROUS
OF COMPETENCY OCCURRENCE AND DANGEROUS DISEASES

26. Training & supervision of inexperienced workers 31. Accidents & dangerous occurrence to be
27. Chief Inspector may make orders in circumstances reported;
28. Young persons (not being under age of 14 yrs) 32. Notification of occupational diseases;
29. Certain machinery not to be operated without 33. Investigation & enquiries
certificated staff
30. Panel of Examiners and Board of Appeal

7 8

2
 PART V
NOTICE OF OCCUPATION OF FACTORY, AND
REGISTRATION AND USE OF MACHINERY REQUIREMENTS
• Factories and Machinery Act 1967
34. Operation of factory; (FMA1967)
35. Building operations and works of engineering – Scope
construction;
• Manufacturing
36. Installation of machinery, etc.;
• Mining and Quarrying
37. Application for registration;

40. Periodical inspections;

• Construction
Etc… – Prescriptive provision
– Too dependent on government
• Accident Statistics
9 10

STRATEGIES
Purpose
Protection of workers through:

 Prevention from any occurrences of
accidents due to use & handling of machines
in factories, and due to over exposure to
lead, asbestos, mineral dust and noise;
 Provide minimum standard requirements for
the protection of worker safety;
1. Setting standards for machinery, and of exposure
2. Identify and assess the risk/hazard levels
3. Reduce exposure through:
 Engineering control;
 Administrative procedure;
 Personal protective equipment.
4. Provision of standard for the protection of employees handling
hazardous machinery;
5. Create awareness among workers through the provision of
training and information.

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3
SAFETY REGULATIONS IN FMA 1967 FMA 1967
i. Lead Regulation 1984
 Factories and Machinery (Lead) Regulations ii. Asbestos Process Regulations 1986
1984; iii. Mineral Dust Regulations 1989
 Factories and Machinery (Asbestos Process)
Regulations 1986; Permissible Exposure Limits:
• Lead : 150 μg /m3 air
 Factories and Machinery (Noise Exposure)
Regulations1989; • Asbestos : 1 fibre/mL air
• Mineral Dust : 5 mg/m3
 Factories and Machinery (Mineral Dust)
Regulations 1989; (respirable); 10 mg/m3
13

FMA 1967 Provisions Lead Asbestos Dust Noise

Important Aspect Preliminary

Maximum exposure limit
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
Exposure monitoring √ √ √ √
Compliance methods √ √ √ √
 Competent Persons Respiratory protection √

 Maintenance, inspection & testing of PPEs √ Hrg

machinery and installations & control Good housekeeping √ √ √

Hygienic practices & facilities
equipments; √ K&B/
BS/L
BS/L
/S
Medical surveillance
 Approval for hazardous machinery √ √ √ Aud
Medical protection √
(certification) PMA, PMT, PMD (pendaftaran mesin);
Training & information to workers √ √ √ √
 Approvals for monitoring & testing equipments Warning signages √ √ √ √
 Approval for PPE. miscellaneous P P/NS P/SC P/SC

Pdg-Pendengaran;K&B-Kendalian & Pembuangan;BS-Bilik Salin,S-Shower,L-Locker,Uad-Ujian Audiommetrik,P-Penalti,SCP-scheduled change

,NS-No smoking
15 16

4
 FMA (LEAD) 1984 FACTORIES AND MACHINERY
(ASBESTOS PROCESS) REGULATIONS 1986
Application Application
 All factories in which any lead process is used.
1. All factories in which any asbestos process is used, but
shall not apply to any building operations or works of
engineering construction.
PART II PERMISSIBLE EXPOSURE LIMIT (PEL)
 PEL = 150 g/m3 averaged over an eight-hour period. Prohibition of use of crocidolite in manufacturing
 Action level= 75 µg/m³ averaged 8 hr process
 If exposure for more than 8 hrs in any work day, 2. Crocidolite shall not be used in any manufacturing
PEL ( g/m3) = 1200 process in any factory.
hours worked in the day

17 18

PART II Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) FMA (MINERAL DUST) 1989

 PEL= 1 FIBER/mL air averaged over an eight-hour
period.
Application
PART III Exhaust Equipment & Employee Protection  All factories in which any mineral process is

 Exhaust equipment to be provided

carried out.
 Inspection of exhaust equipment- competent person Barite Garnet Mineral wool
Garnet Graphite Perlite
 Protection of employees not engaged in prescribed
Clay Gypsum Portland Cement
area or prescribed work Coal Kaolin Potash
Corundum Kyanite Quartz
 Personal protective equipment
Cristobalite Limestone Soapstone
 Obligation of employee Diatomite Magnesite Talc (free of
Emery Marble asbestos fibre)
Feldspar Mica Tridymite
19 20

5
PART II PEL
PERMISSIBLE EXPOSURE LIMIT

Mineral dust, containing free silica <1% in wt: silica dust>1% Silica:
no employee shall be exposed to crystalline silica at a
No employee shall be exposed to a conc.: concentration greater than:
 >5 mg/m3 of respirable dust, or  0.05 mg/m of respirable cristobalite/tridymite
3

 >10 mg/m3 total dust  0.10 mg/m of respirable quartz

3

averaged over an eight-hour period. averaged over an eight-hour period.

21 22

EXPOSURE MONITORING METHOD OF COMPLIANCE

REDUCE & CONTROL EXPOSURE BELOW PEL using:
 INITIAL MONITORING  Engineering control

 Sampling of workers suspected of high exposure;  Ventilation, if installed, effectiveness has to be tested;
 EXPOSURE MONITORING  Testing conducted by a Competent Person;
frequency(if initial monitoring  action level)  Water spray (Mineral Dust);
 Depends on level of exposure  Administrative controls include safe work
 every 6 months; procedures;
 every 3 months; or  Use of PPE if other controls fail to reduce
 once only; exposure
 Conducted by a competent person (Mineral Dust &
Noise Exposure)

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6
 MEDICAL SURVEILLANCE
LEAD EXPOSURE

 If exposed > 30 days per year

HEALTH REGULATIONS IN  Frequency of blood lead test, every:
FMA 1967  6 months;
 3 months if 40-60 µg/100 g blood;
 1 month if 60-80 µg/100 g blood;
 1 month if in period of medical transfer;
 1 month for women who are able to conceive.

28 29

MEDICAL SURVEILLANCE
Medical surveillance ASBESTOS PROCESS
Conducted:  Workers working in an area where there is a asbestos
 Every year if  40µg/100g blood; exposure, whether continuous or intermittent.
 Before being assigned to a work area where air  In the period of 30 days from the first day of work.
concentration  action level;  Frequency
 There are signs or symptoms of poisoning;  Not exceeding 2 years.

 Every worker in the medical transfer program if

required by an OHD.

30 31

7
MEDICAL SURVEILLANCE MEDICAL SURVEILLANCE
MINERAL DUST EXPOSURE NOISE EXPOSURE
Audiometric Testing Programme
 If exposed to > action level  If exposure is > action level
 Frequency of testing:  Frequency of testing
Every year:
 Every 2 years 

 If worker exposure is > PEL

 Workers exposed to > action level
 Every year
 workers experiencing early signs of pneumoconiosis
 If basic audiometric tests show loss of hearing
 If annual test shows Standard Threshold Shift
 Every 2 years:
 Worker exposure is at action level < PEL

32 33

MEDICAL REMOVAL MEDICAL REMOVAL

LEAD EXPOSURE ASBESTOS PROCESS
 Worker should be removed/transferred:
 If blood lead tests show  Worker should be removed/transferred if
  80µg/100g blood results or medical opinion show any early
 average 3 latest tests 73µg/100g blood
indications of asbestos related diseases.
  40µg/100g blood for women who are able to

conceive, or
 health of worker may be affected based on
results/medical opinion.

34 35

8
 RECORD KEEPING
Machines Registration
 Monitoring records
 Pendaftaran Mesin Angkat PMA  As long as the worker is in service (asbestos, dust,
noise)
 Lift
 2 years (lead)
 Medical surveillance records
 Pendaftaran Mesin Dandang PMD  As long as the worker is in service (lead, asbestos)
 5 years (noise)
 Autoclave  25 years (dust)
 Boiler  Records are kept by employer/OHD
 Medical removal records
As long as the worker is in service (lead)
Pendaftaran Mesin Tekanan PMT



 Air compressor 36 37

PENALITIES FOR OFFENCES

UPON CONVICTION, FINES

NOT EXCEEDING
 RM 1,000 (noise, mineral
dust)
 RM2,000 (lead, Asbestos
process)

38