The Police in America An Introduction Samuel Walker 9th Edition - Test Bank

The Police in America An Introduction
Samuel Walker 9th Edition- Test Bank
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Sample Test
Chapter 03
The Contemporary Law Enforcement Industry

Multiple Choice Questions
1. Which of the following levels of government holds the

primary responsibility for police protection?
A.federal
B. state and local
C. cities and counties
D. municipalities and corporations

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
2. There is no formal, centralized system for coordinating or
regulating all of the different law enforcement agencies.
This decentralization is known as
A.fragmentation.
B. agglomerization.
C. industrial perspective.
D. dispersed employment.

3. The difference between a law enforcement agency’s

approved allotment of officers and the number of officers
currently employed is known as
A.endorsed strength.
B. authorized strength.
C. personnel strength.
D. sworn strength.


4. The process of replacing sworn officers with nonsworn

personnel for certain positions is known as
A.authorization.
B. cost management.
C. effective utilization.
D. civilianization.

5. The standard measure for the level of police protection in

a community, usually expressed as the number of sworn
officers per thousand residents, is called
A.community-police ratio.
B. police-population ratio.
C. police-protection ratio.
D. crime-police ratio.

6. The authors list two major remedies for issues associated

with fragmentation. They are
A.consolidation and contracting.
B. increased protection and crime reduction.
C. higher arrests and prosecutions.
D. effectiveness and efficiency.

7. Which of the following is the reason why city police are

the most important component of the law enforcement
system in America?
A.They receive the most money from allotted budgets.
B. They are the most obvious component in any city.
C. They represent a majority of all law enforcement
agencies.
D. They train for all potential situations in residential life.


8. Sheriffs have a unique role in that they serve all three

components of the criminal justice system
A.executive, legislative, and judicial.
B. protection, service, and commitment.
C. management, efficiency, and quality.
D. law enforcement, courts, and corrections.

9. The office of the coroner, or medical examiner, is often

considered a law enforcement agency because it has the
responsibility to
A.investigate crimes.
B. conduct autopsies.
C. investigate the cause of death.
D. assist police in murder investigations.

10. The agency having statewide police powers for

traffic regulation and criminal investigation is known as
A.highway patrol.
B. state police.
C. Department of Transportation.
D. Department of Criminal Justice.

11. Which of the following is the most common

administrative arrangement concerning the police
agencies of Indian tribes?
A.The tribes exercise self-governance.
B. The Bureau of Indian Affairs assumes policing
responsibility.
C. Agencies are created under the Indian Self-
Determination and Education Assistance Act.
D. Agencies employ the assistance of nearby local police
departments.


12. Which of the following acts launched the largest

government reorganization at the federal level since
1947?
A.the Violent Crime Control Act
B. the Homeland Security Act
C. the Social Security Act
D. the Civil Liberties Act

13. Which of the following is the most important feature

of the law enforcement industry in the U.S.?
A.the tradition of local political control
B. the idea of self-governance
C. the need for strong police presence
D. the necessity of police accountability

14. Why is it important to take an industry perspective

on policing?
A.It provides an understanding of police accountability.
B. It serves to compare police services with other
professions.
C. It provides a comprehensive picture of all the different
producers of police services.
D. It provides minimum standards to compare various
police services.

15. Why are most law enforcement departments in the

U.S. below their authorized strength?
A.Police budgets are not large enough to cover the hiring
of more officers.
B. Nationwide, police have a high turnover.
C. Most police departments have a hard time retaining
officers.
D. This is due to retirements, resignations, and
terminations.


16. The annual average attrition rate for police is about

11 percent. Why, then, is hiring often delayed?
A.Crime rates do not necessitate a need for more police
services.
B. Delays allow a city or county to cope with budget
shortfalls.
C. There is often a low turnover within municipal
departments.
D. Police would rather let a city spend its budget on pay
raises than on the acquisition of new officers.

17. Why are civilians often utilized in police work?
A.Civilians are less expensive than sworn officers.
B. Civilians implement community policing programs.
C. Police often feel that certain jobs should not be done
by them.
D. It leads to improved community relations.

18. Most of a police agency’s budget goes toward

A.insurance.
B. personnel costs.
C. litigation fees.
D. technological advances.


19. Which of the following is an important finding of the

Police Services Study (PSS) conducted in the 1970s?
A.With respect to auxiliary services, small police
departments were denied access to crime laboratories.
B. With respect to patrol, informal arrangements between
police departments involving coordination were not
common.
C. Small police departments put a lower percentage of
their officers on the street, performing direct police
services.
D. Small police departments were not necessarily less
efficient than large departments.

20. County police departments involve
A.police that only have detainment authority and no law
responsibility.
B. departments that engage in continuous evaluations of
municipal police.
C. municipal police that operate on a countywide basis.
D. All of the answers are correct.

21. Why is the legal status of the sheriff unique?

A.In most states, it is a constitutional office.
B. Sheriffs are almost always appointed by the governor.
C. Sheriffs are not involved in partisan politics.
D. Sheriffs have more authority than city departments.

22. In the context of contracting, which of the following

is the most commonly contracted criminal justice
service?
A.certification requirements
B. jails and detention facilities
C. sewage disposal and water supply
D. tax assessments


23. Which of the following factors have contributed to

the eradication of most of the constable’s function?
A.budget cuts and the lack of public interest
B. community policing developments and crime growth
C. the development of the criminal justice system
D. urbanization and the growth of city departments

24. Which of the following is a finding of the Police

Services Study (PSS) conducted in the 1970s?
A.With respect to patrol, informal arrangements between
law enforcement agencies involving sharing responsibility
were uncommon.
B. Small police departments were less efficient than
large departments.
C. Strict duplication of services is almost nonexistent in
the production of direct police services.
D. Those cities that contract for police services are
characterized as being “newer” and less densely
populated, with less taxable business activity.

25. What authority do most campus police in large

universities have?
A.They are essentially security.
B. They have general arrest powers.
C. They are nonsworn officers but have detainment
authority.
D. Their authority is dependent on the dean’s authority.

26. Which of the following is NOT a category of state law

enforcement?
A.state police
B. highway patrol
C. state guards
D. state investigative agencies


27. What is the difference between state police and

highway patrol?
A.They are the same.
B. Highway patrols have traffic authority only.
C. State police work for the sheriff’s department.
D. State police have statewide police powers for traffic
and criminal investigations.

28. There no agreement about the exact size of federal

law enforcement activities because
A.many federal agencies have enforcement or regulatory
powers.
B. most federal agencies are general service agencies.
C. most federal agencies provide protection services but
not criminal investigations.
D. most federal agencies provide criminal investigation
services but not protection.

29. Which of the following is the largest federal law

enforcement agency in the U.S.?
A.the INS and ATF departments
B. the DEA and U.S. Forest Service
C. the U.S. Customs and Border Protection
D. the FBI and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service

30. The role of each federal agency is specified by

A.the federal budget.
B. a federal statute.
C. the Congress.
D. the electoral process.


31. Which of the following is a salient feature of federal

law enforcement agencies?
A.They have a much more complex role than local
agencies.
B. They are not as accountable for their actions as local
agencies.
C. They do not have the order maintenance
responsibilities.
D. They are obligated to handle vague “disturbance”
calls.

32. Which of the following is an impact of the

fragmentation of law enforcement in the United States?
A.It can lead to crime displacement, especially with
respect to vice crimes.
B. It reduces the duplication of services, which results in
decrease in costs.
C. It establishes consistent standards for recruitment
and salary.
D. It can increase cooperation between agencies located
in the same geographic area.

33. Which of the following is the major problem

concerning the law enforcement fragmentation issue?
A.a high demand leading to budgeting shortcuts
B. a decline in citizen satisfaction with law enforcement
efforts
C. a rise in overall crime rate and low crime-prevention
capabilities
D. a lack of coordination between agencies in the same
geographic area

34. The idea of consolidating several smaller agencies

into larger ones is an effort to solve the problem of
A.budget costs.
B. fragmentation.
C. low attrition rates.
D. merging.


35. What does the emphasis on decentralized policing
under the community policing policy suggest about small
local law enforcement agencies?
A.They might be preferable to large consolidated
agencies.
B. They should be consolidated.
C. They are less desirable than large consolidated
agencies.
D. They are less productive than consolidated agencies.

36. Which of the following is the most important set of

national standards related to police procedures?
A.the decisions of the U.S. Supreme Court
B. the decisions of the appellate court
C. the CALEA standards
D. the Standards on National Policing

37. Why does relying on the Supreme Court to define

minimum standards for police have serious limitations?
A.It is unconstitutional.
B. Most aspects of policing do not raise issues of
constitutional law.
C. The Supreme Court cannot impose sanctions on
departmental violations.
D. The Supreme Court is too partisan to make unbiased
decisions concerning law enforcement.

38. Which of the following is the most important law
Congress has passed that applies directly to state and
local enforcement agencies?
A.the Social Security Act
B. the Gun Control Act
C. the Violent Crime Control Act
D. the 1964 Civil Rights Act


39. SMART Policing Initiative (SPI), sponsored by the

Bureau of Justice Assistance, sought to encourage
A.local agencies to show reduced crime statistics.
B. covering extraordinary policing expenses.
C. local police to focus their resources on places and
people that are most responsible for crime and violence.
D. federal agencies to establish a minimum police-
population ratio or set standards for patrol operations.

40. Which of the following is the most important role of

state governments regarding law enforcement?
A.to require that agencies be accredited
B. to require the licensing or certification of all sworn
officers
C. to insist on high attrition rates
D. to enforce sanctions on police with poor performance
indicators

41. Which of the following is the major weakness with
accreditation?
A.Accreditation is mandatory and the process is long.
B. The standards are too high.
C. The standards are not universally applicable.
D. There is no penalty for not being accredited.

42. England has _____ police departments.

A.2,354
B. 653
C. 435
D. 43


43. According to Lee Brown, which of the following

models of sheriff’s departments handles only court-related
duties?
A.correctional-judicial model
B. full-service model
C. civil-judicial model
D. law enforcement model

44. Which of the following is a similarity between

coroners and medical examiners?
A.Both receive special training in death investigation.
B. Both are appointed by an elected official.
C. Both are typically elected to their positions.
D. Both are responsible for the investigation of deaths.

45. Which of the following is a responsibility of Customs

and Border Protection (CBP)?
A.To protect current and former U.S. presidents, vice
presidents, and their immediate family members.
B. To ensure that persons and cargo enter the United
States legally and safely through official ports of entry.
C. To investigate cross-border criminal activity such as
cybercrimes and human trafficking.
D. To prepare for, prevent, and respond to natural and
human-made disasters.

46. Which of the following Department of Justice

agencies was found guilty of spying on individuals and
groups because of their political beliefs and for
conducting illegal wiretaps?
A.U.S. Marshals Service
B. Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives
(ATF)
C. Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA)
D. Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)


47. Which of the following is the second-largest police
department in the U.S.?
A.Chicago police department
B. Los Angeles police department
C. New York police department
D. Atlanta police department

48. Which of the following is not a model of a sheriff

department as identified by Lee Brown?
A.full-service model
B. law-enforcement model
C. civil-judicial model
D. correctional-civil model


True / False Questions
49. City police departments have the heaviest

responsibility for dealing with serious crime, which is
disproportionately concentrated in cities.
TRUE

50. Medical examiners are typically elected to their

positions.
FALSE


51. Highway patrols are defined as agencies having

statewide authority to enforce traffic regulations and
arrest non-traffic violators under their jurisdiction.
TRUE

52. There is a clear relationship between the police-

population ratio and the crime rate.
FALSE

53. Federal law establishes a minimum police-population

ratio for the country.
FALSE

54. The text considers federal police to be the most

important component of American law enforcement.
FALSE

55. Federal agents maintain 911 emergency services and

are asked to handle vague “disturbance” calls.
FALSE


56. Suspicious death investigations are usually

conducted by a coroner or a medical examiner.
TRUE

57. College police officers are not real police officers;

they are more like security guards.
FALSE

58. On some reservations, Native American tribes have

their own separate criminal justice system.
TRUE

59. The U.S. Marshals Service, established in 1789, is

the nation’s oldest federal law enforcement agency.
TRUE

60. The standard measure for the level of police

protection in a community is the sworn officer-citizen
ratio.
FALSE


61. The U.S. Secret Service was established in 1865 for

the purpose of preventing illegal immigration and the
smuggling of controlled substances.
FALSE

62. Private security is an important part of American law

enforcement.
TRUE

63. Private security officers are bound by legal decisions

such as Miranda.
FALSE

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The Police in America An Introduction Samuel Walker 9th Edition - Test Bank

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Copyright:

Available Formats

The Police in America An Introduction

Samuel Walker 9th Edition- Test Bank

To Purchase this Complete Test Bank with Answers Click the

If face any problem or Further information contact us At tbzuiqe@gmail.com

1. Which of the following levels of government holds the

3. The difference between a law enforcement agency’s

4. The process of replacing sworn officers with nonsworn

5. The standard measure for the level of police protection in

6. The authors list two major remedies for issues associated

7. Which of the following is the reason why city police are

8. Sheriffs have a unique role in that they serve all three

9. The office of the coroner, or medical examiner, is often

10. The agency having statewide police powers for

11. Which of the following is the most common

12. Which of the following acts launched the largest

13. Which of the following is the most important feature

14. Why is it important to take an industry perspective

15. Why are most law enforcement departments in the

16. The annual average attrition rate for police is about

18. Most of a police agency’s budget goes toward

19. Which of the following is an important finding of the

21. Why is the legal status of the sheriff unique?

22. In the context of contracting, which of the following

23. Which of the following factors have contributed to

24. Which of the following is a finding of the Police

25. What authority do most campus police in large

26. Which of the following is NOT a category of state law

27. What is the difference between state police and

28. There no agreement about the exact size of federal

29. Which of the following is the largest federal law

30. The role of each federal agency is specified by

31. Which of the following is a salient feature of federal

32. Which of the following is an impact of the

33. Which of the following is the major problem

34. The idea of consolidating several smaller agencies

36. Which of the following is the most important set of

37. Why does relying on the Supreme Court to define

39. SMART Policing Initiative (SPI), sponsored by the

40. Which of the following is the most important role of

42. England has _____ police departments.

43. According to Lee Brown, which of the following

44. Which of the following is a similarity between

45. Which of the following is a responsibility of Customs

46. Which of the following Department of Justice

48. Which of the following is not a model of a sheriff

49. City police departments have the heaviest

50. Medical examiners are typically elected to their

51. Highway patrols are defined as agencies having

52. There is a clear relationship between the police-

53. Federal law establishes a minimum police-population

54. The text considers federal police to be the most

55. Federal agents maintain 911 emergency services and

56. Suspicious death investigations are usually

57. College police officers are not real police officers;

58. On some reservations, Native American tribes have

59. The U.S. Marshals Service, established in 1789, is

60. The standard measure for the level of police

61. The U.S. Secret Service was established in 1865 for

62. Private security is an important part of American law

63. Private security officers are bound by legal decisions

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