2.

MOTION IN ONE DIMENSION

1. A ball falls from 20 m height on the floor and 10 minutes. What are the values of x and v ?
rebounds to 5 m. Time of contact is 0.02 s. Find the (a) x = 15 min, v = 90 km h–1
acceleration during impact. (b) x = 13 min 20 s, v = 90 km h–1
(a) 1200 m s–2 (b) 1000 m s–2 (c) x = 15 min, v = 75 km h–1
–2
(c) 2000 m s (d) 1500 m s–2 (d) x = 13 min 20 s, v = 70 km h–1
2. The displacement-time (x-t) graph 7. A particle is projected with a certain velocity at two
of a body is shown in figure. The different angles of projection with respect to the
body is accelerated along the horizontal plane so as to have the same range R on
path the horizontal plane. If t1 and t2 are the times taken
(a) OA only for the two paths, then which one of the following
(b) BC only relations is correct?
(c) CD only (a) t1t2 = 2R/g (b) t1t2 = R/g
(d) OA and CD only (c) t1t2 = R/2g (d) t1t2 = 4R/g
v(m s–1) 8. The position of a particle moving in the x-y plane
3. The velocity versus
time graph of a body at any time t is given by; x = (3t2 – 6t) metres;
moving in a straight y = (t2–2t) metres. Select the correct statement.
line is shown in figure. (a) Acceleration is zero at t = 0
The displacement of the (b) Velocity is zero at t = 0
body in 5 s is (c) Velocity is zero at t = 1 s
(d) Velocity and acceleration of the particle are
(a) 3 m (b) 5 m (c) 4 m (d) 2 m
never zero.
4. An aeroplane is flying in a horizontal direction
9. A stone tied to the end of a 1 m long string, is whirled
with a velocity of 360 km h–1 and at a height of
in a horizontal circle with a constant speed. If the stone
1960 m. When it is vertically above the point A on
makes 22 revolutions in 44 s, what is the magnitude
the ground, a body is dropped from it. The body
and direction of acceleration of the stone?
strikes the ground at a point B. The distance AB is
p2
(a) 2000 2 m (b) 2000 m (a) m s −2 and direction along the radius towards
4
(c) 1000 2 m (d) 1000 m the centre.
5. A body initially at rest is moving with uniform (b) p2 m s–2 and direction along the radius away
acceleration a. Its velocity after n seconds is v. The from the centre.
displacement of the body in last 2 s is (c) p2 m s–2 and direction along the radius towards
2v(n − 1) v(n −1) the centre.
(a) (b)
n n (d) p2 m s–2 and direction along the tangent to the
v(n + 1) 2v(n + 1)
(c) (d) circle.
n n
6. Two cities C1 and C2 are connected on the opposite 10. Water drops fall at regular intervals from a tap
ends of a long straight parallel track. The cities are which is 5.0 m above the ground. The third drop is
connected by a train service as well as a bus service. leaving the tap at the instant the first drop reaches
The trains leave with constant speed v for either city the ground. How far above the ground is the second
at regular frequency of one train every x minute. drop at that instant?
The buses ply on a parallel road at a constant speed of (a) 1.25 m (b) 2.50 m (c) 3.75 m (d) 5.00 m
30 km h–1. A bus passenger going from city C1 to city 11. Two cars having masses m1 and m2 move in circles
C2 observes a train going past him every 20 minutes of radii r1 and r2 respectively. If they complete the
while a train goes in the opposite direction every

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 circle in equal time, the ratio of their angular speed 16. If a body is moving in a circular path maintains
w1/w2 is constant speed of 10 m s–1, then which of the
m r m1r1 following correctly describes relation between
(a) 1 (b) 1 (c) m r (d) 1 acceleration and radius ?
m2 r2 22
12. A man running on a horizontal road at 8 km h–1
finds the rain falling vertically. He increases his speed
to 12 km h–1 and finds that the drops make angle (a) (b)
30° with the vertical. What is the speed of the rain ?
(a) 8 km h–1 (b) 4 7 kmh −1
(c) 8 3 km h–1 (d) 7 km h–1
13. A particle moves so that its position vector is given
 ^ ^
by r = cos wt x + sin wt y , where w is a constant. (c) (d) a
Which of the following is true?

(a) Velocity is perpendicular to r and acceleration
is directed towards the origin.
 
(b) Velocity is perpendicular to r and acceleration
17. The position vector of a particle R as a function of
is directed away from the origin. 
(c) Velocity and acceleration both are time is given by R = 4 sin(2pt )i + 4 cos(2pt )j Where

perpendicular to r . R is in meters, t is in seconds and i and j denote

(d) Velocity and acceleration both are parallel to r . unit vectors along x and y-directions, respectively.
Which one of the following statements is wrong for
14. A uniform circular disc of radius 50 cm at rest is free the motion of the particle?
to turn about an axis which is perpendicular to its (a) Magnitude of the velocity of particle is 8 m s–1.
plane and passes through its centre. It is subjected (b) Path of the particle is a circle of radius 4 m.
to a torque which produces a constant angular (c) Acceleration vector is along − R.
acceleration of 2.0 rad s–2. Its net acceleration in v2
(d) Magnitude of acceleration vector is , where
m s–2 at the end of 2.0 s is approximately v is the velocity of particle. R
(a) 6.0 (b) 3.0 (c) 8.0 (d) 7.0

18. From a tower of height H, a particle is thrown

15. Two stones are thrown up simultaneously from
vertically upwards with a speed u. The time taken
the edge of a cliff 240 m high with initial speed of
by the particle, to hit the ground, is n times that
10 m s–1 and 40 m s–1 respectively. Which of the
taken by it to reach the highest point of its path.
following graph best represents the time variation
The relation between H, u and n is
of relative position of the second stone with respect
(a) gH = (n – 2)u2 (b) 2gH = n2u2
to the first stone?
(c) gH = (n – 2)2u2 (d) 2gH = nu2(n – 2)
(Assume stones do not rebound after hitting the ground
and neglect air resistance, take g = 10 m s–2)
19. A projectile is fired from the surface of the earth
with a velocity of 5 m s–1 and angle q with the
horizontal. Another projectile fired from another
(a) (b)
planet with a velocity of 3 m s–1 at the same angle
follows a trajectory which is identical with the
trajectory of the projectile fired from the earth. The
value of the acceleration due to gravity on the planet
(in m s–2) is (Given g = 9.8 m s–2)
(c) (d) (a) 3.5 (b) 5.9 (c) 16.3 (d) 110.8

_
20. A projectile is given an initial velocity of (i + 2 j)m s 1 ,
where, i is along the ground and j is along the vertical.
^

‘
 If g = 10 m s–2, the equation of its trajectory is i.e., R = v02 sin 2q / g
(a) 4y = 2x – 25x2 (b) y = x – 5x2 2v sin q 2v sin(90° − q) 2v0 cos q
(c) y = 2x – 5x2 (d) 4y = 2x – 5x2 As t1 = 0 and t2 = 0 = ,
g g g
4v 2 sin q cos q 2  v02 sin 2q  2R
SolutionS t1t2 = 0 =  =
g2 g g  g
1. (d) : The acceleration during impact,
dx
v − (−v1 ) v2 + v1 2 gh2 + 2 gh1 8. (c) : Since, x = 3t2 – 6t \ vx = = 6t − 6
dt
a= 2 = = At t = 1 s, vx = 6 × 1 – 6 = 0
t t t
2 × 10 × 20 + 2 × 10 × 5 20 + 10 dy
= = = 1500 m s −2 Also, y = t2 – 2t \ vy = = 2t − 2
0.02 0.02 dt
2. (a) : The slope of x-t graph gives velocity and the At t = 1 s, vy = 2 × 1 – 2 = 0
slope of the graph is increasing in part OA only. 2
9. (c) : a = r w = r (2pn / t )
2
3. (c) : Displacement = area of bigger triangle – area
of smaller triangle + area of rectangle 4 p2n2 1 × 4 × p2 × (22)2
=r× = = p2 m s −2
2 2
1 1  t (44)
=  (3 × 2) − (1× 2) + (1× 2) = 4 m
2 2  10. (c) : Let T be the time interval between the drops
4. (b) : Time taken by the body to strike the ground is (1, 2, 3) falling from the tap as shown in the figure.
1 2h 2 × 1960
given by h = gt 2 or t = = = 20 s
2 g 9.8
Velocity of the aeroplane in horizontal direction,
vx0 = 360 km h–1 = 100 m s–1
Distance AB = vx0 × t = (100 × 20) m = 2000 m
v −u v −0 v
5. (a) : Since, a = = =
t n n Since distance covered by the first drop in time 2T
Displacement in last 2 s, is 5 m,
1 1 1
sn − sn−2 = an2 − a(n − 2)2 5 = g (2T )2 = 2 gT 2 ...(i)
2 2 2
v 2v(n − 1) Further, distance covered by the second drop in
= 2a(n − 1) = 2 × (n − 1) =
n n time T (from t = T to t = 2T),
6. (b) : If v (in km h–1) is the constant speed of the 1
y = gT 2 ...(ii)
trains then the distance between the successive trains 2
x vx From eqns. (i) and (ii), y = 1.25 m
=v× = km Distance of the second drop from the ground
60 60
When a train moves in the same direction as that of = 5 – y = 5 – 1.25 = 3.75 m
vx / 60 20 11. (d)
the bus passenger, =
(v − 30) 60   
12. ( b): We have, vrain, road = vrain, man + vman, road ...(i)
or vx = 20(v – 30) ...(i)
When a train moves in a direction opposite to the The two situations given in the problem may be
bus passenger, represented by the given figures.
vx / 60 10
= or vx = 10(v + 30) ...(ii)
(v + 30) 60
From eqns. (i) and (ii),
20(v – 30) = 10(v + 30) or v = 90 km h–1
From eqn. (i),
90x = 20(90 – 30) = 1200 or x = 13 min 20 s
7. (a) : R is same for angles of projection q and (90° – q),

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 vrain, road is same in magnitude and direction in stone reaches to the ground.
both the figures. 16. (c) : Speed v = 10 m s–1
Taking horizontal components in equation (i) for
We know, centripetal acceleration is given by,
figure (a)
v2
vrain, road sin a = 8 ...(ii) a=
r
Now consider figure (b). Draw a line OA ^ vrain, man →
as shown. Q | v | = constant
Taking components in equation (i) along the line OA. 1
vrain, road sin(30° + a) = 12 cos30° ...(iii) so, a ∝ or ar = constant
r
From (ii) and (iii), This represents a rectangular hyperbola.
sin(30° + a) 12 × 3 3 17. (a)
= or cot a =
sin a 8×2 2 18. (d) : Time taken by the particle to
8 reach the top most point is,
From (ii), vrain, road = = 4 7 km h −1 u
sin a t= ... (i)
 g
13. (a) : Given, r = cos wt x + sin wt y Time taken by the particle to reach

 dr
\ v= = −w sin wt x + w cos wt y the ground = nt
dt
 Using, s = ut + 1 at 2
 dv  2
a= = −w2 cos wt x − w2 sin wt y = −w2 r 1
dt ⇒ − H = u(nt ) − g (nt )2
 2
Since position vector (r ) is directed away from the
 2
origin, so, acceleration (−w2r ) is directed towards  u 1  u
⇒ − H = u × n   − gn2   [using (i)]
the origin. Also,  g 2  g
 
r ⋅ v = –w sin wt cos wt + w sin wt cos wt = 0 ⇒ –2gH = 2nu2 – n2u2 ⇒ 2gH = nu2(n – 2)
 
⇒ r ^v
19. (a) : The equation of trajectory is
14. (c) : Given, r = 50 cm = 0.5 m, a = 2.0 rad s–2, w0 = 0
At the end of 2 s, gx 2
y = x tan q −
Tangential acceleration, at = ra = 0.5 × 2 = 1 m s–2 2u2 cos2 q
Radial acceleration, ar = w2r = (w0 + at)2r where q is the angle of projection and u is the
= (0 + 2 × 2)2 × 0.5 = 8 m s–2 velocity with which projectile is projected.
\ Net acceleration, For equal trajectories and for same angles of
a= at2 + ar2 = 12 + 82 = 65 ≈ 8 m s −2 g
projection, = constant
1 u2
15. (a) : Using h = ut + at2 9.8 g ′
2 As per question, =
1 52 32
For first stone, y1 = 10t – gt2 where g′ is acceleration due to gravity on the
2
1 planet.
For second stone, y2 = 40t – gt2 9 .8 × 9
2 g′ = = 3.5 m s −2
Relative position of the second stone with respect to 25
1 1
the first stone Dy = y2 – y1 = 40t – gt2 – 10t + gt2 20. (c) : Given : u = i + 2 j
2 2 
= 30t As u = ux i + u y j \ ux = 1 and uy = 2
Therefore, it will be a straight line. Also x = uxt
After 8 seconds, first stone reaches to the ground, 1 2
\ x = t and y = u y t − gt
i.e., y1 = –240 m 2
1
\ Dy = y2 – y1 = 40t – gt2 + 240 .. . y = 2t − 1 × 10 × t 2 = 2t − 5t 2
2 2
Therefore, it will be a parabolic curve till the second Equation of trajectory is y = 2x – 5x2.

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