1. [ G.R. No. 212683, November 12, 2018 ] THIRD DIVISION [ G.R. No.

212683, Nove
...[ G.R. No. 212683, November 12, 2018 ] JERSON E. TORTAL,
PETITIONER, VS. CHIZURU TANIGUCHI,
RESPONDENT.DECISION LEONEN, J.: An allegation of a trial court's
lack of jurisdiction to render the assailed judgment, ...
2. [ G.R. No. 204594, November 07, 2018 ] THIRD DIVISION [ G.R.
No. 204594, Nove
...R. No. 204594, November 07, 2018 ] SINDOPHIL, INC., PETITIONER,
VS. REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES,
RESPONDENT.DECISION LEONEN, J.: The presumption that a holder
of a Torrens title is an innocent purchaser for value ...
3. [ G.R. No. 205409, June 13, 2018 ] THIRD DIVISION [ G.R. No.
205409, June 13,
...R. No. 205409, June 13, 2018 ] CITIGROUP, INC., PETITIONER, VS.
CITYSTATE SAVINGS BANK, INC.
RESPONDENT.DECISION LEONEN, J.: This resolves a Petition for
Review on Certiorari [1] assailing the August 29, 2012 Decision ...
4. [ G.R. No. 185484, June 27, 2018 ] THIRD DIVISION [ G.R. No.
185484, June 27,
...R. No. 185484, June 27, 2018 ] FRANCISCO I. CHAVEZ, PETITIONER,
VS. IMELDA R. MARCOS, RESPONDENT.DECISION LEONEN, J.: This
Court will not require a judge to inhibit himself in the absence of clear ...
5. [ G.R. No. 201414, April 18, 2018 ] THIRD DIVISION [ G.R. No.
201414, April 1
...R. No. 201414, April 18, 2018 ] PEDRO PEREZ PETITIONER, VS.
PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES,
RESPONDENT.DECISION LEONEN, J.: Inserting a finger in a 12-year-
old girl's vagina and mashing her breasts ...
6. [ G.R. No. 196795, March 07, 2018 ] THIRD DIVISION [ G.R. No.
196795, March 0
...R. No. 196795, March 07, 2018 ] INTRAMUROS ADMINISTRATION,
PETITIONER, VS. OFFSHORE CONSTRUCTION DEVELOPMENT
COMPANY, RESPONDENT. DECISIONLEONEN, J.: The sole issue in
ejectment proceedings is determining which of the parties has the better ...
7. [ G.R. No. 208185, September 06, 2017 ] THIRD DIVISION [ G.R.
No. 208185, Sep
...R. No. 208185, September 06, 2017 ] PRISCILLA ZAFRA ORBE,
PETITIONER, VS. FILINVEST LAND, INC.,
RESPONDENT.DECISION LEONEN, J.: When Republic Act No. 6552
or the Maceda Law speaks of paying "at least two ...
8. [ G.R. No. 202364, August 30, 2017 ] THIRD DIVISION [ G.R.
No. 202364, August
 ...R. No. 202364, August 30, 2017 ] ARTURO C. CALUBAD, PETITIONER,
VS. RICARCEN DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION,
RESPONDENT. DECISION LEONEN, J.: When a corporation
intentionally or negligently clothes its agent with apparent authority to act
in ...
9. [ G.R. No. 192725, August 09, 2017 ] SECOND DIVISION [ G.R.
No. 192725, Augus
...R. No. 192725, August 09, 2017 ] CE CONSTRUCTION CORPORATION,
PETITIONER, VS. ARANETA CENTER INC.,
RESPONDENT. DECISION LEONEN, J.: A tribunal confronted not only
with ambiguous contractual terms but also with the total absence ...
10. [ G.R. No. 214300, July 26, 2017 ] SECOND DIVISION [ G.R. No.
214300, July 26
...R. No. 214300, July 26, 2017 ] PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES,
PETITIONER, VS. MANUEL ESCOBAR,
RESPONDENT.DECISION LEONEN, J.: This Rule 45 Petition assails
the Court of Appeals Decision to grant the accused's ...

11. [ G.R. No. 181489, April 19, 2017 ] SECOND DIVISION [ G.R. No.
181489, April
...R. No. 181489, April 19, 2017 ] STEVEN R. PAVLOW, PETITIONER, VS.
CHERRY L. MENDENILLA, RESPONDENT.DECISION LEONEN, J.:
The mother of a victim of acts of violence against women and their children
is ...
12. [ G.R. No. 207776, April 26, 2017 ] SECOND DIVISION [ G.R. No.
207776, April
...R. No. 207776, April 26, 2017 ] PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES,
PETITIONER, VS. GEORGE GACUSAN,
RESPONDENT.DECISION LEONEN, J.: The abuse of moral influence is
the intimidation required in rape committed by the common- ...
13. [ G.R. No. 229862, June 19, 2019 ] THIRD DIVISION [ G.R. No.
229862, June 19,
...No. 229862, June 19, 2019 ] PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES,
PLAINTIFF-APPELLEE, VS. ZZZ, ACCUSED-
APPELLANT.DECISION LEONEN, J.: Recantations are viewed
unfavorably especially in rape cases. Circumstances in which the
recantation was made ...
14. [ G.R. No. 215545, January 07, 2019 ] THIRD DIVISION [ G.R.
No. 215545, Janua
...No. 215545, January 07, 2019 ] QUIRINO T. DELA CRUZ, PETITIONER,
VS. NATIONAL POLICE COMMISSION,
RESPONDENT.DECISION LEONEN, J.: This is a Petition for Review on
 Certiorari [1] assailing the June 27, 2014 Decision ...
15. [ G.R. No. 207711, July 02, 2018 ] THIRD DIVISION [ G.R. No.
207711, July 02,
...No. 207711, July 02, 2018 ] MARIA C. OSORIO PETITIONER, VS.
PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES
RESPONDENT.DECISION LEONEN, J.: Persons who receive money for
investment in a particular company but divert the same to ...
16. [ G.R. No. 205695, September 27, 2017 ] THIRD DIVISION [ G.R.
No. 205695, Sep
...No. 205695, September 27, 2017 ] JESUS APARENTE Y PETITIONER,
VS. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES,
RESPONDENT.DECISION LEONEN, J.: Where the amount of narcotics
seized is miniscule, a stricter adherence to the requirements of ...
17. [ G.R. No. 213581, September 19, 2017 ] EN BANC [ G.R. No.
213581, September
...No. 213581, September 19, 2017 ] BANGKO SENTRAL NG PILIPINAS,
PETITIONER, VS. COMMISSION ON AUDIT,
RESPONDENT.DECISION LEONEN, J.: Due process in administrative
proceedings does not require the submission of pleadings or a trial- ...
18. [ G.R. No. 232870, June 03, 2019 ] THIRD DIVISION [ G.R. No.
232870, June 03,
...232870, June 03, 2019 ] MANUEL G. ACOSTA, PETITIONER, VS.
MATIERE SAS AND PHILIPPE GOUVARY,
RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.: In redundancy, an employer
must show that it applied fair and reasonable criteria in determining ...
19. [ G. R. No. 216632, March 13, 2019 ] THIRD DIVISION [ G. R. No.
216632, March
...216632, March 13, 2019 ] AUGUSTO REGALADO Y LAYLAY,
PETITIONER, VS. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES,
RESPONDENT.DECISION LEONEN, J.: This resolves a Petition for
Review on Certiorari [1] assailing the Court of Appeals January ...
20. [ G.R. No. 210731, February 13, 2019 ] THIRD DIVISION [
G.R. No. 210731, Febr
...210731, February 13, 2019 ] SIMEON LAPI Y MAHIPUS, PETITIONER,
VS. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES,
RESPONDENT.DECISION LEONEN, J.: The right to question the
validity of an arrest may be waived if the accused, ...

21. [ G.R. No. 217542, November 21, 2018 ] THIRD DIVISION [ G.R.
No. 217542, Nove
...217542, November 21, 2018 ] CHRISTINE FERNANDEZ Y MEDINA,
PETITIONER, VS. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES,
 RESPONDENT. DECISION LEONEN, J.: This is an extraordinary case
involving the application of doctrines on violations of Republic Act ...
22. [ G.R. No. 210950, August 15, 2018 ] THIRD DIVISION [
G.R. No. 210950, August
...210950, August 15, 2018 ] MILAGROS P. ENRIQUEZ, PETITIONER, VS.
THE MERCANTILE INSURANCE CO., INC.,
RESPONDENT. DECISION LEONEN, J.: A surety bond remains
effective until the action or proceeding is finally decided, resolved, or ...
23.[ G.R. No. 211450, July 23, 2018 ] THIRD DIVISION [ G.R. No.
211450, July 23,
...211450, July 23, 2018 ] OFFICE OF THE OMBUDSMAN, PETITIONER,
VS. LOVING F. FETALVERO, JR.,
RESPONDENT.DECISION LEONEN, J.: Complainants in
administrative proceedings carry the burden of proving their allegations
with substantial evidence or ...
24. [ G.R. No. 214886, April 04, 2018 ] THIRD DIVISION [ G.R.
No. 214886, April 0
...214886, April 04, 2018 ] PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, PLAINTIFF-
APPELLEE, VS. BERNIE CONCEPCION, ACCUSED-
APPELLANT. DECISION LEONEN, J.: This resolves the appeal [1] from
the Court of Appeals March 28, 2014 Decision, [2] ...
25. [ G.R. No. 185530, April 18, 2018 ] THIRD DIVISION [ G.R. No.
185530, April 1
...185530, April 18, 2018 ] MAKATI TUSCANY CONDOMINIUM
CORPORATION, PETITIONER, VS. MULTI-REALTY DEVELOPMENT
CORPORATION, RESPONDENT. DECISIONLEONEN, J.: Reformation
of an instrument may be allowed if subsequent and contemporaneous acts
of the parties ...
26. [ G.R. No. 227544, November 22, 2017 ] THIRD DIVISION [
G.R. No. 227544, Nove
...227544, November 22, 2017 ] COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL
REVENUE, PETITIONER, VS. TRANSITIONS PHILIPPINES, OPTICAL
INC., RESPONDENT. DECISION LEONEN, J.: Estoppel applies against
a taxpayer who did not only raise at the earliest opportunity its ...
27. [ G.R. No. 206958, November 08, 2017 ] THIRD DIVISION [ G.R.
No. 206958, Nove
...206958, November 08, 2017 ] PERSONAL COLLECTION DIRECT
SELLING, INC., PETITIONER, VS. TERESITA L. CARANDANG,
RESPONDENT. DECISION LEONEN, J.: Judges must act with cautious
discernment and faithfully exercise their judicial discretion when
dismissing cases ...
28. [ G.R. No. 197886, October 04, 2017 ] THIRD DIVISION [
G.R. No. 197886, Octob
 ...197886, October 04, 2017 ] OFFICE OF THE OMBUDSMAN,
PETITIONER, VS. ANTONIO Z. DE GUZMAN,
RESPONDENT.DECISION LEONEN, J.: The Postmaster General may
only execute contracts for procurement of services with the Board of ...
29. [ G.R. No. 207396, August 09, 2017 ] SECOND DIVISION [
G.R. No. 207396, Augus
...207396, August 09, 2017 ] PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES,
PLAINTIFF-APPELLEE, VS. DELIA SAUNAR, ACCUSED-
APPELLANT.DECISION LEONEN, J.: A miniscule amount of dangerous
drugs alleged to have been taken from the accused is ...
30. [ G.R. No. 199710, August 02, 2017 ] SECOND DIVISION [
G.R. No. 199710, Augus
...199710, August 02, 2017 ] PEOPLE OF THE PLAINTIFF-APPELLEE, VS.
PO3 JULIETO BORJA, ACCUSED-
APPELLANT. DECISION LEONEN, J.: Extortion done by police
themselves amounting to kidnapping with ransom undermines the
government efforts to ...

31. [ G.R. No. 224102, July 26, 2017 ] SECOND DIVISION [ G.R. No.
224102, July 26
...224102, July 26, 2017 ] RYAN MARIANO Y GARCIA, PETITIONER, VS.
PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES,
RESPONDENT.DECISION LEONEN, J.: The state of mind of the
accused during an alleged act of self-defense, defense ...
32.[ G.R. No. 204544, July 03, 2017 ] SECOND DIVISION [ G.R. No.
204544, July 03
...204544, July 03, 2017 ] MARLON BACERRA Y TABONES,
PETITIONER, VS. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES,
RESPONDENT.DECISION LEONEN, J.: The identity of the perpetrator
of a crime and a finding of guilt may rest ...
33.[ G.R. No. 194152, June 05, 2017 ] SECOND DIVISION [ G.R. No.
194152, June 05
...194152, June 05, 2017 ] MAKILITO B. MAHINAY, PETITIONER, VS.
DURA TIRE & RUBBER INDUSTRIES, INC.,
RESPONDENT.DECISION LEONEN, J.: The period to redeem a
property sold in an extrajudicial foreclosure sale is not extendible. ...
34. [ G.R. No. 200370, June 07, 2017 ] SECOND DIVISION [
G.R. No. 200370, June 07
...200370, June 07, 2017 ] MARIO VERIDIANO Y SAPI, PETITIONER, VS.
PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES,
RESPONDENT.DECISION LEONEN, J.: Through this Petition for
Review on Certiorari , [1] Mario Veridiano y Sapi (Veridiano) assails the ...
35. [ G.R. No. 204262, June 07, 2017 ] SECOND DIVISION [ G.R. No.
204262, June 07
...204262, June 07, 2017 ] MARIO C. MADRIDEJOS, PETITIONER, VS.
NYK-FIL SHIP MANAGEMENT, INC.,
RESPONDENT.DECISION LEONEN, J.: Illnesses not listed as an
occupational disease under Section 32 of the 2000 Philippine Overseas ...
36. [ G.R. No. 210266, June 07, 2017 ] SECOND DIVISION [
G.R. No. 210266, June 07
...210266, June 07, 2017 ] ANTHONY DE SILVA CRUZ, PETITIONER, VS.
PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES,
RESPONDENT.DECISION LEONEN, J.: The possession and use of a
counterfeit credit card is considered access device fraud and ...
37. [ G.R. No. 212161, March 29, 2017 ] SECOND DIVISION [ G.R.
No. 212161, March
...212161, March 29, 2017 ] PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, PLAINTIFF-
APPELLEE, VS. JUANITO ENTRAMPAS, ACCUSED-
APPELLANT. DECISION LEONEN, J.: This is a tragic story resulting
from an act of depravity: an 11-year old ...
38. [ G.R. No. 215957, November 09, 2016 ] SECOND DIVISION
[ G.R. No. 215957, Nov
...215957, November 09, 2016 ] COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL
REVENUE, PETITIONER, VS. FITNESS BY DESIGN, INC.,
RESPONDENT. DECISION LEONEN, J.: To avail of the extraordinary
period of assessment in Section 222(a) of the National ...
39. [ G.R. No. 227497, April 10, 2019 ] THIRD DIVISION [ G.R.
No. 227497, April 1
...April 10, 2019 ] PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, PLAINTIFF-
APPELLEE, VS. DIOSCORO COMOSO TUREMUTSA, ACCUSED-
APPELLANT. DECISION LEONEN, J.: Failure to comply with the chain
of custody requirements in drugs cases will result in ...
40. [ G.R. No. 228880, March 06, 2019 ] THIRD DIVISION [
G.R. No. 228880, March 0
...March 06, 2019 ] PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, PLAINTIFF-
APPELLEE, VS. LINA ACHIENG NOAH, ACCUSED-
APPELLANT. DECISION LEONEN, J.: This resolves an appeal from the
Court of Appeals July 29, 2016 Decision [1] in ...

41. [ G.R. No. 202430, March 06, 2019 ] THIRD DIVISION [ G.R. No.
202430, March 0
...March 06, 2019 ] METRO BOTTLED WATER CORPORATION,
PETITIONER, VS. ANDRADA CONSTRUCTION & DEVELOPMENT
CORPORATION, INC., RESPONDENT. DECISIONLEONEN, J.:
 Generally, judicial review of arbitral awards is permitted only on very
narrow grounds. Republic Act ...
42. [ G.R. No. 182307, June 06, 2018 ] THIRD DIVISION [ G.R.
No. 182307, June 06,
...June 06, 2018 ] BELINA CANCIO AND JEREMY PAMPOLINA,
PETITIONERS, VS. PERFORMANCE FOREIGN EXCHANGE
CORPORATION, RESPONDENT. DECISION LEONEN, J.: When a
party assails a lower court's appreciation of the evidence, that party raises
...
43. [ G.R. No. 202836, June 19, 2018 ] EN BANC [ G.R. No.
202836, June 19, 2018 ]
...June 19, 2018 ] FIRST SARMIENTO PROPERTY HOLDINGS, INC.,
PETITIONER, VS. PHILIPPINE BANK OF COMMUNICATIONS,
RESPONDENT. DECISION LEONEN, J.: To determine the nature of an
action, whether or not its subject matter is capable ...
44. [ G.R. No. 206965, November 29, 2017 ] THIRD DIVISION [
G.R. No. 206965, Nove
...November 29, 2017 ] PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, PLAINTIFF-
APPELLEE, VS. EMMA BOFILL PANGAN, ACCUSED-
APPELLANT. DECISION LEONEN, J.: Section 21 of Republic Act No.
9165, otherwise known as the Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act ...
45.[ G.R. No. 201622, October 04, 2017 ] THIRD DIVISION [ G.R.
No. 201622, Octob
...October 04, 2017 ] ANGELITO L. CRISTOBAL, PETITIONER, VS.
PHILIPPINE AIRLINES, INC., AND LUCIO TAN,
RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.: Where a tribunal renders a
decision substantially reversing itself on a matter, a motion for ...
46. [ G.R. No. 207229, September 20, 2017 ] THIRD DIVISION
[ G.R. No. 207229, Sep
...September 20, 2017 ] PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, PLAINTIFF-
APPELLEE, VS. SIEGFRED CABELLON CABAÑERO, ACCUSED-
APPELLANT. DECISION LEONEN, J.: The marking and identification
of the seized dangerous drug is an essential part of the ...
47. [ G.R. No. 210677, August 23, 2017 ] THIRD DIVISION [ G.R. No.
210677, August
...August 23, 2017 ] PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES PLAINTIFF-
APPELLEE. VS. ABUNDIO M. SARAGENA, ACCUSED-
APPELLANT. DECISION LEONEN, J.: When the quantity of the
confiscated substance is miniscule, the requirements of Section 21 of ...
48. [ G.R. No. 207765, July 26, 2017 ] SECOND DIVISION [ G.R.
No. 207765, July 26
...July 26, 2017 ] PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, PLAINTIFF-
APPELLEE, VS. JULITO DIVINAGRACIA, SR., ACCUSED-
 APPELLANT. DECISION LEONEN, J.: "Pa, don't do that[,] Pa." [1]
Child victims of rape by their very own ...
49. [ G.R. No. 217764, August 07, 2017 ] SECOND DIVISION [
G.R. No. 217764, Augus
...August 07, 2017 ] ANTONIETA LUCIDO [1] @ TONYAY, PETITIONER,
VS. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES,
RESPONDENT.DECISION LEONEN, J.: This resolves a Petition for
Review on Certiorari [2] assailing the Court of Appeals' Decision ...
50. [ G.R. No. 210654, June 07, 2017 ] SECOND DIVISION [
G.R. No. 210654, June 07
...June 07, 2017 ] PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, PLAINTIFF-
APPELLEE, VS. PABLO LUAD ARMODIA, ACCUSED-
APPELLANT. DECISION LEONEN, J.: The rape of a minor constitutes
moral depravity of the highest order. This is an ...

51. [ G.R. No. 186967, January 18, 2017 ] 803 Phil. 393 SECOND
DIVISION [ G.R. N
...R. No. 186967, January 18, 2017 ] DIVINA PALAO, PETITIONER, V.
FLORENTINO III INTERNATIONAL, INC.,
RESPONDENT. DECISION LEONEN, J.: This resolves a Petition for
Review on Certiorari [1] filed by petitioner Divina Palao (Palao) ...
52. [ G.R. No. 172507, September 14, 2016 ] SECOND DIVISION [
G.R. No. 172507, Se
...September 14, 2016 ] NATIONAL POWER CORPORATION,
PETITIONER, VS. SPS. MARGARITO ASOQUE AND TARCINIA
ASOQUE, RESPONDENTS. DECISION LEONEN, J.: Article III, Section
9 [1] of the Constitution provides a substantive guarantee that private
property ...
53. [ G.R. No. 212186, June 29, 2016 ] 788 Phil. 789 SECOND
DIVISION [ G.R. No.
...R. No. 212186, June 29, 2016 ] ARIEL LOPEZ, PETITIONER, VS.
PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES,
RESPONDENT.DECISION LEONEN, J.: To sustain a conviction for
cattle-rustling, the identity of the stolen cattle must be ...
54.[ G.R. No. 208393, June 15, 2016 ] 787 Phil. 367 SECOND
DIVISION [ G.R. No.
...R. No. 208393, June 15, 2016 ] CITY OF TAGUIG, PETITIONER, VS.
CITY OF MAKATI, RESPONDENT.DECISION LEONEN, J.:
Simultaneously pursuing an appeal (or motion for reconsideration) and a
petition for annulment of judgment ...
55. [ G.R. No. 200751, August 17, 2015 ] 766 Phil. 750 SECOND
DIVISION [ G.R. No
 ...R. No. 200751, August 17, 2015 ] MONICO LIGTAS, PETITIONER, VS.
PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES,
RESPONDENT.DECISION LEONEN, J.: "Bakit niya babawiin ang aking
saka?" tanong ni Tata Selo. "Dinaya ko na ba siya ...
56.[ G.R. No. 175098, August 26, 2015 ] 767 Phil. 766 SECOND
DIVISION [ G.R. No
...R. No. 175098, August 26, 2015 ] ISMAEL V. CRISOSTOMO,
PETITIONER, VS. MARTIN P. VICTORIA,
RESPONDENT.DECISION LEONEN, J.: This resolves a Petition for
Review on Certiorari under Rule 45 of the 1997 Rules ...
57. [ G.R. No. 212626, June 03, 2019 ] THIRD DIVISION [ G.R. No.
212626, June 03,
...03, 2019 ] PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, PLAINTIFF-APPELLEE, VS.
ROLANDO TERNIDA Y MUNAR, ACCUSED-
APPELLANT. DECISION LEONEN, J.: The failure of law enforcers in
buy-bust operations to photograph seized drugs in accordance ...
58. [ G.R. No. 224297, February 13, 2019 ] THIRD DIVISION [
G.R. No. 224297, Febr
...13, 2019 ] PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, PLAINTIFF-APPELLEE, VS.
EDGARDO ROYOL Y ASICO, ACCUSED-
APPELLANT. DECISION LEONEN, J.: Complete and utter
noncompliance with the chain of custody requirements of Republic Act No.
9165, ...
59.[ G.R. No. 204759, November 14, 2018 ] THIRD DIVISION [ G.R.
No. 204759, Nove
...14, 2018 ] PEOPLE'S GENERAL INSURANCE CORPORATION,
PETITIONER, VS. EDGARDO GUANSING AND EDUARDO LIZASO,
RESPONDENTS. DECISION LEONEN, J.: As a general rule, personal
service is the preferred mode of service of summons. Substituted ...
60. [ G.R. No. 209468, December 13, 2017 ] THIRD DIVISION [
G.R. No. 209468, Dece
...13, 2017 ] UNITED DOCTORS MEDICAL CENTER, PETITIONER, VS.
CESARIO BERNADAS, REPRESENTED BY LEONILA BERNADAS,
RESPONDENT. DECISION LEONEN, J.: An employee who has already
qualified for optional retirement but dies before the option to ...

61. [ G.R. No. 227863, September 20, 2017 ] THIRD DIVISION [ G.R.
No. 227863, Sep
...20, 2017 ] PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, PLAINTIFF-APPELLEE, VS.
PEDRITO ORDONA Y RENDON, ACCUSED-
APPELLANT. DECISION LEONEN, J.: To qualify the killing of a person
to the crime of murder, evident premeditation must ...
62. [ G.R. No. 208625, September 06, 2017 ] THIRD DIVISION
[ G.R. No. 208625, Sep
...06, 2017 ] PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, PLAINTIFF-APPELLEE, VS.
RAMON FRANCICA Y NAVALTA, ACCUSED-
APPELLANT. DECISION LEONEN, J.: No amount, especially not the
P50.00 paid by the accused for sexually abusing his ...
63. [ G.R. No. 197297, August 02, 2017 ] SECOND DIVISION [
G.R. No. 197297, Augus
...02, 2017 ] REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES, PETITIONER, VS.
SPOUSES DANILO GO AND AMORLINA GO,
RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.: Public land remains
inalienable unless it is shown to have been reclassified and alienated to ...
64. [ G.R. No. 205614, July 26, 2017 ] SECOND DIVISION [
G.R. No. 205614, July 26
...26, 2017 ] PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, PLAINTIFF-APPELLEE, VS.
JAIME SEGUNDO Y IGLESIAS, ACCUSED-
APPELLANT. DECISION LEONEN, J.: Although the miniscule quantity
of confiscated illicit drugs is by itself not a reason for ...
65.[ G.R. No. 210615, July 26, 2017 ] SECOND DIVISION [ G.R. No.
210615, July 26
...26, 2017 ] PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, PLAINTIFF-APPELLEE, VS.
ABENIR BRUSOLA Y BARAGWA, ACCUSED-
APPELLANT. DECISION LEONEN, J.: There is never any justification
for a husband to hit his wife with a maso ...
66. [ G.R. No. 205855, March 29, 2017 ] SECOND DIVISION [
G.R. No. 205855, March
...29, 2017 ] PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, PLAINTIFF-APPELLEE, VS.
KING REX A. AMBATANG, ACCUSED-
APPELLANT. DECISION LEONEN, J.: In an Information dated
November 28, 2002, accused-appellant King Rex Ambatang (Ambatang)
was charged ...
67. [ G.R. No. 193381, February 08, 2017 ] 805 Phil. 441 SECOND
DIVISION [ G.R.
...No. 193381, February 08, 2017 ] COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL
REVENUE, PETITIONER, VS. APO CEMENT CORPORATION,
RESPONDENT. DECISION LEONEN, J.: This resolves a Petition for
Review [1] seeking to reverse and set asidethe Court of ...
68. [ G.R. No. 185765, September 28, 2016 ] 796 Phil. 79
SECOND DIVISION [ G.R.
...No. 185765, September 28, 2016 ] PHILIPPINE ECONOMIC ZONE
AUTHORITY, PETITIONER, VS. PILHINO SALES CORPORATION,
RESPONDENT. DECISION LEONEN, J.: Although the provisions of a
contract are legally null and void, the stipulated method of ...
69. [ A.C. No. 9018, April 20, 2016 ] 785 Phil. 303 SECOND
DIVISION [ A.C. No. 9
...No. 9018, April 20, 2016 ] TERESITA P. FAJARDO, COMPLAINANT,
VS. ATTY. NICANOR C. ALVAREZ,
RESPONDENT.DECISION LEONEN, J.: This administrative case
involves the determination of whether a lawyer working in the Legal
Section ...
70. [ G.R. No. 171041, February 10, 2016 ] 780 Phil. 553
SECOND DIVISION [ G.R.
...No. 171041, February 10, 2016 ] REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES,
PETITIONER, VS. MOLDEX REALTY, INC.,
RESPONDENT. DECISION LEONEN, J.: This is a Petition for Review
on Certiorari [1] of the Court of Appeals' January ...

71. [ G.R. No. 207406, January 13, 2016 ] 778 Phil. 326 SECOND
DIVISION [ G.R. N
...No. 207406, January 13, 2016 ] NORBERTO A. VITANGCOL,
PETITIONER, VS. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES,
RESPONDENT.DECISION LEONEN, J.: Persons intending to contract a
second marriage must first secure a judicial declaration of nullity ...
72. [ G.R. No. 168616, January 28, 2015 ] 752 PHIL. 123 SECOND
DIVISION [ G.R. N
...No. 168616, January 28, 2015 ] HOME GUARANTY CORPORATION,
PETITIONER, VS. LA SAVOIE DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION,
RESPONDENT. DECISION LEONEN, J.: This is a Petition for Review
on Certiorari praying that the assailed Decision [1] dated ...
73. [ G.R. No. 206529, April 23, 2018 ] THIRD DIVISION [ G.R. No.
206529, April 2
...2018 ] RENANTE B. REMOTICADO, PETITIONER, VS. TYPICAL
CONSTRUCTION TRADING CORP. AND ROMMEL M. ALIGNAY,
RESPONDENTS. DECISION LEONEN, J.: There can be no case for
illegal termination of employment when there was no termination ...
74. [ G.R. No. 210080, November 22, 2017 ] THIRD DIVISION [ G.R.
No. 210080, Nove
...2017 ] MACARIO S. PADILLA, PETITIONER, VS. AIRBORNE
SECURITY SERVICE, INC. AND/OR CATALINA SOLIS,
RESPONDENT.DECISION LEONEN, J.: Placing security guards on
floating status is a valid exercise of management prerogative. However, any
...
75. [ G.R. No. 204288, November 08, 2017 ] THIRD DIVISION [ G.R.
No. 204288, Nove
...2017 ] DEMEX RATTANCRAFT, INC. AND NARCISO T. DELA
 MERCED, PETITIONERS, VS. ROSALIO A. LERON,
RESPONDENT.DECISION LEONEN, J.: To justify the dismissal of an
employee based on abandonment of work, there must be ...
76. [ G.R. No. 185894, August 30, 2017 ] THIRD DIVISION [ G.R. No.
185894, August
...2017 ] BELO MEDICAL GROUP, INC., PETITIONER, VS. JOSE L.
SANTOS AND VICTORIA G. BELO,
RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.: A conflict between two (2)
stockholders of a corporation does not automatically render their dispute
...
77. [ G.R. No. 208471, August 02, 2017 ] SECOND DIVISION [ G.R.
No. 208471, Augus
...2017 ] PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, PLAINTIFF-APPELLEE, VS.
ERNESTO SAGANA Y DE GUZMAN, ACCUSED-
APPELLANT.DECISION LEONEN, J.: The miniscule quantity of
confiscated illicit drugs heightens the importance of a more stringent
conformity ...
78.[ G.R. No. 209452, July 26, 2017 ] SECOND DIVISION [ G.R. No.
209452, July 26
...2017 ] GOTESCO PROPERTIES, INC., PETITIONER, VS. SOLIDBANK
CORPORATION (NOW METROPOLITAN BANK AND TRUST
COMPANY), RESPONDENT. DECISION LEONEN, J.: The requirement
for publication of a Notice of Sale in an extrajudicial foreclosure is
complied ...
79. [ G.R. No. 188146, February 01, 2017 ] 805 Phil. 13 SECOND
DIVISION [ G.R. N
...188146, February 01, 2017 ] PILIPINAS SHELL PETROLEUM
CORPORATION, PETITIONER, VS. ROYAL FERRY SERVICES, INC.,
RESPONDENT. DECISION LEONEN, J.: The venue for a petition for
voluntary insolvency proceeding under the Insolvency Law is the ...
80. [ G.R. No. 221538, September 20, 2016 ] EN BANC [ G.R.
No. 221538, September
...2016 ] RIZALITO Y. DAVID, PETITIONER, VS. SENATE ELECTORAL
TRIBUNAL AND MARY GRACE POE-LLAMANZARES,
RESPONDENTS. DECISION LEONEN, J.: The words of our most
fundamental law cannot be read so as to callously exclude ...

81. [ G.R. No. 198627, January 13, 2016 ] 778 Phil. 235 SECOND
DIVISION [ G.R. N
...198627, January 13, 2016 ] DST MOVERS CORPORATION,
PETITIONER, VS. PEOPLE'S GENERAL INSURANCE CORPORATION,
RESPONDENT. DECISION LEONEN, J.: A determination of where the
 preponderance of evidence lies is a factual issue which, as ...
82. [ G.R. No. 202331, April 22, 2015 ] 759 Phil. 201 SECOND
DIVISION [ G.R. No.
...202331, April 22, 2015 ] THE PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT OF
AURORA, PETITIONER, VS. HILARIO M. MARCO,
RESPONDENT.DECISION LEONEN, J.: The prohibition on midnight
appointments only applies to presidential appointments. It does not apply
to ...
83. [ G.R. No. 169303, February 11, 2015 ] 753 Phil. 482
SECOND DIVISION [ G.R.
...169303, February 11, 2015 ] PROTECTIVE MAXIMUM SECURITY
AGENCY, INC., PETITIONER, VS. CELSO E. FUENTES,
RESPONDENT.DECISION LEONEN, J.: In this Petition for Review on
Certiorari, [1] Protective Maximum Security Agency, Inc. seeks to ...
84. [ G.R. No. 195395, September 10, 2013 ] G.R. No. 195395
EN BANC [ G.R. No. 1
...No. 195395, September 10, 2013 ] ENGINEER MANOLITO P.
MENDOZA, PETITIONER, VS. COMMISSION ON AUDIT,
RESPONDENT.DECISION LEONEN, J.: The salary of a water district's
general manager is covered by the Salary Standardization ...
85. [ G.R. No. 195021, March 15, 2017 ] 807 Phil. 438 SECOND
DIVISION [ G.R. No.
...March 15, 2017 ] NICOLAS VELASQUEZ AND VICTOR VELASQUEZ,
PETITIONERS, VS. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES,
RESPONDENT.DECISION LEONEN, J.: An accused who pleads a
justifying circumstance under Article 11 of the Revised Penal Code ...
86. [ G.R. Nos. 205045 & 205723, January 25, 2017 ] 804 Phil.
293 SECOND DIVISION
...205045 & 205723, January 25, 2017 ] COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL
REVENUE, PETITIONER, v. SAN MIGUEL CORPORATION,
RESPONDENT. DECISION LEONEN, J.: These consolidated cases
consider whether "San Mig Light" is a new brand or a variant ...
87.[ G.R. No. 206627, January 18, 2017 ] 803 Phil. 480 SECOND
DIVISION [ G.R. N
...January 18, 2017 ] VAN CLIFFORD TORRES Y SALERA, PETITIONER,
V. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES,
RESPONDENT.DECISION LEONEN, J.: Through this Petition for
Review on Certiorari, [1] petitioner Van Clifford Torres y Salera (Torres) ...
88. [ G.R. No. 205035, November 16, 2016 ] SECOND
DIVISION [ G.R. No. 205035, Nov
...SPOUSES GEMINO C. MIANO, JR. AND JULIET MIANO,
PETITIONERS, V. MANILA ELECTRIC COMPANY [MERALCO],
RESPONDENTS. DECISION LEONEN, J.: The review of appeals filed
 before this Court is "not a matter of right, but ...
89. [ G.R. No. 208146, June 08, 2016 ] 786 Phil. 726 SECOND
DIVISION [ G.R. No.
...June 08, 2016 ] VIRGINIA DIO, PETITIONER, VS. PEOPLE OF THE
PHILIPPINES AND TIMOTHY DESMOND,
RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.: When a motion to quash an
information is based on a defect that may be ...
90. [ G.R. No. 170631, February 10, 2016 ] 780 Phil. 509
SECOND DIVISION [ G.R.
...February 10, 2016 ] CARAVAN TRAVEL AND TOURS
INTERNATIONAL, INC., PETITIONER, VS. ERMILINDA R. ABEJAR,
RESPONDENT. DECISION LEONEN, J.: The plaintiff may first prove
the employer's ownership of the vehicle involved in a ...

91. [ G.R. No. 172301, August 19, 2015 ] 767 Phil. 311 SECOND
DIVISION [ G.R. No
...August 19, 2015 ] PHILIPPINE NATIONAL CONSTRUCTION
CORPORATION, PETITIONER, VS. ASIAVEST MERCHANT BANKERS
(M) BERHAD, RESPONDENT. DECISION LEONEN, J.: This case
stemmed from an action for recovery of sum of money filed before the ...
92. [ G.R. No. 187491, July 08, 2015 ] 763 PHIL. 288 SECOND
DIVISION [ G.R. No.
...July 08, 2015 ] FAR EAST BANK AND TRUST COMPANY,
PETITIONER, VS. LILIA S. CHUA,
RESPONDENT.DECISION LEONEN, J.: Respondent Lilia S. Chua
(Chua) was dismissed by petitioner Far East Bank and Trust Co. ...
93. [ G.R. No. 211465, December 03, 2014 ] 749 PHIL. 458
SECOND DIVISION [ G.R.
...December 03, 2014 ] PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, PLAINTIFF-
APPELLEE, VS. SHIRLEY A. CASIO, ACCUSED-
APPELLANT. DECISION LEONEN, J.: “ Chicks mo dong ?” [1] With this
sadly familiar question being used on the streets of ...
94. [ G.R. No. 208173, June 11, 2014 ] 736 Phil. 325 THIRD
DIVISION [ G.R. No. 2
...June 11, 2014 ] PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, PLAINTIFF-
APPELLEE, VS. OLIVER A. BUCLAO, ACCUSED-
APPELLANT. DECISION LEONEN, J.: To protect one's daughter is one
of the noblest roles of a father. A ...
95.[ G.R. No. 222192, March 13, 2019 ] THIRD DIVISION [ G.R. No.
222192, March 1
...OF THE PHILIPPINES, PLAINTIFF-APPELLEE, VS. LAHMODIN
AMERIL Y ABDUL @ "AMOR/MHONG", ACCUSED-
 APPELLANT.DECISION LEONEN, J.: At the core of every prosecution
for the sale of illegal drugs is the constitutional ...
96. [ G.R. No. 179732, September 13, 2017 ] THIRD DIVISION [
G.R. No. 179732, Sep
...OF PUBLIC WORKS AND HIGHWAYS, PETITIONER, VS.
CMC/MONARK/PACIFIC/HI-TRI JOINT VENTURE,
RESPONDENT.DECISION LEONEN, J.: As the administrative agency
tasked with resolving issues pertaining to the construction industry, the
Construction ...
97. [ G.R. No. 203943, August 30, 2017 ] THIRD DIVISION [ G.R.
No. 203943, August
...MARITIME CORPORATION/EDUARDO MANESE AND PRINCESS
CRUISE LINES, LTD., PETITIONERS, VS. CYNTHIA DE JESUS,
RESPONDENT.DECISION LEONEN, J.: A conditional settlement of a
judgment award may be treated as a compromise agreement and ...
98. [ G.R. No. 197032, July 26, 2017 ] SECOND DIVISION [ G.R.
No. 197032, July 26
...AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION, PETITIONER, VS. PRICE
RICHARDSON CORPORATION, CONSUELO VELARDE-ALBERT, AND
GORDON RESNICK, RESPONDENTS. DECISIONLEONEN, J.: The
determination of probable cause for purposes of filing an information is
lodged with the ...
99. [ G.R. No. 184317, January 25, 2017 ] 804 Phil. 195
SECOND DIVISION [ G.R. N
...25, 2017 ] METROPOLITAN BANK AND TRUST COMPANY,
PETITIONER, V. LIBERTY CORRUGATED BOXES MANUFACTURING
CORPORATION, RESPONDENT. DECISIONLEONEN, J.: A
corporation with debts that have already matured may still file a petition
for rehabilitation ...
100. [ G.R. No. 219829, January 18, 2017 ] 803 Phil. 582
SECOND DIVISION [ G.R. N
...18, 2017 ] PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, PLAINTIFF-APPELLEE, V.
MONIR JAAFAR Y TAMBUYONG, ACCUSED-
APPELLANT. DECISION LEONEN, J.: This reviews the Decision [1]
dated February 24, 2015 of the Court of Appeals in ...

101. [ G.R. No. 215340, July 13, 2016 ] 790 Phil. 183 SECOND
DIVISION [ G.R. No.
...13, 2016 ] PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, PLAINTIFF-APPELLEE, VS.
GLORIA CAIZ Y TALVO, ACCUSED-
APPELLANT. DECISION LEONEN, J.: Failure to prove the preservation
of the integrity of the corpus delicti in dangerous drugs ...
102. [ G.R. No. 192947, December 09, 2015 ] 775 Phil. 169
SECOND DIVISION [ G.R.
...09, 2015 ] MELANIE E. DE OCAMPO, PETITIONER, VS. RPN-9/RADIO
PHILIPPINES NETWORK, INC.,
RESPONDENT.DECISION LEONEN, J.: Unlike an appeal, a pending
petition for certiorari shall not stay the judgment or order ...
103. [ G.R. No. 208792, July 22, 2015 ] 764 Phil. 642 SECOND
DIVISION [ G.R. No.
...22, 2015 ] BANK OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS, PETITIONER, VS.
SPOUSES ROBERTO AND TERESITA GENUINO,
RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.: A.M. No. 03-1-09-SC [1] does
not remove the plaintiff's duty ...
104. [ G.R. No. 175493, March 25, 2015 ] 757 PHIL. 70 SECOND
DIVISION [ G.R. No.
...25, 2015 ] REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES, PETITIONER, VS. HEIRS
OF GABRIEL Q. FERNANDEZ, [1]
RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.: The state and its
implementing agencies must first comply with the requirements outlined
in Section ...
105. [ G. R. No. 171601, April 08, 2015 ] 757 PHIL. 582 SECOND
DIVISION [ G. R. N
...08, 2015 ] SPOUSES BONIFACIO AND LUCIA PARAS, PETITIONERS,
VS. KIMWA CONSTRUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION,
RESPONDENT. DECISION LEONEN, J.: This resolves the Petition for
Review on Certiorari [1] under Rule 45 of the 1997 ...
106. [ G.R. No. 220456, June 10, 2019 ] THIRD DIVISION [ G.R.
No. 220456, June 10,
...THE PHILIPPINES, PLAINTIFF-APPELLEE, VS. GAJIR ACUB Y
ARAKANI A.K.A. "ASAW," ACCUSED-
APPELLANT.DECISION LEONEN, J.: State agents must strictly comply
with the legal safeguards established in Section 21 of Republic ...
107. [ G.R. No. 217044, January 16, 2019 ] THIRD DIVISION [
G.R. No. 217044, Janua
...JOSE M. YULO AND JULIET L. YULO, PETITIONERS, VS. BANK OF
THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS, RESPONDENT.DECISION LEONEN, J.:
When issuing a pre-screened or pre-approved credit card, the credit card
provider must ...
108. [ G.R. No. 205638, August 23, 2017 ] THIRD DIVISION [
G.R. No. 205638, August
...LIONG FOUNDATION MEDICAL CENTER AND ANTHONY DEE,
PETITIONERS, VS. ASIAMED SUPPLIES AND EQUIPMENT
CORPORATION, RESPONDENT. DECISION LEONEN, J.: Generally, a
petition for review under Rule 45 of the Rules of Court may only ...
109. [ G.R. No. 224974, July 03, 2017 ] SECOND DIVISION [
G.R. No. 224974, July 03
...AND FRANCISCO CRUZ, IN HIS CAPACITY AS BONDSMAN,
PETITIONERS, VS. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES,
RESPONDENT.DECISION LEONEN, J.: The trial court's failure to
comply with procedural rules constitutes grave abuse of discretion ...
110. [ G.R. No. 208243, June 05, 2017 ] SECOND DIVISION [
G.R. No. 208243, June 05
...REYES, PETITIONER, VS. THE OFFICE OF THE OMBUDSMAN, THE
SANDIGANBAYAN, AND PAUL JOCSON ARCHES,
RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.: This resolves a Petition for
Certiorari [1] under Rule 65 of the Rules of Court, ...

111. [ G.R. No. 215568, August 03, 2015 ] 765 Phil. 544 SECOND
DIVISION [ G.R. No
...2015 ] RICHARD N. RIVERA, PETITIONER, VS. GENESIS TRANSPORT
SERVICE, INC. AND RIZA A. MOISES,
RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.: This resolves a Petition for
Review on Certiorari under Rule 45 of the 1997 Rules ...
112. [ G.R. No. 203928, July 22, 2015 ] 764 Phil. 595 SECOND
DIVISION [ G.R. No.
...2015 ] CE CASECNAN WATER AND ENERGY COMPANY, INC.,
PETITIONER, VS. COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE,
RESPONDENT. DECISION LEONEN, J.: The thirty (30)-day period
provided in Section 112 of the 1997 National Internal Revenue ...
113. [ G.R. No. 200170, June 03, 2019 ] THIRD DIVISION [ G.R.
No. 200170, June 03,
...PETITIONER, VS. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION REPRESENTED BY
ITS SECRETARY BRO. ARMIN A. LUISTRO, FSC,
RESPONDENT.DECISION LEONEN, J.: Reassignments differ from
transfers, and public employees with appointments that are not station-
specific may ...
114. [ G.R. No. 205068, March 06, 2019 ] THIRD DIVISION [
G.R. No. 205068, March 0
...P. DRAGON, REPRESENTED BY PATRICIA ANGELI D. NUBLA,
PETITIONERS, VS. THE MANILA BANKING CORPORATION,
RESPONDENT. DECISION LEONEN, J.: Payment of the correct
amount of filing fees should not be made contingent on the ...
115. [ G.R. No. 217978, January 30, 2019 ] THIRD DIVISION [
G.R. No. 217978, Janua
...PHILIPPINES, PLAINTIFF-APPELLEE, VS. NANCY LASACA RAMIREZ
A.K.A. "ZOY" OR "SOY" ACCUSED-
 APPELLANT.DECISION LEONEN, J.: This is an Appeal assailing the
Court of Appeals October 23, 2014 Decision [1] in ...
116. [ G.R. No. 210528, November 28, 2018 ] THIRD DIVISION [
G.R. No. 210528, Nove
...REVENUE, PETITIONER, VS. J.P. MORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A. –
PHILIPPINE CUSTOMER CARE CENTER,
RESPONDENT.DECISION LEONEN, J.: Respondent's lease of the
physical plant space, infrastructure, and other transmission facilities of
PeopleSupport ...
117. [ G.R. No. 229192, July 23, 2018 ] THIRD DIVISION [ G.R.
No. 229192, July 23,
...INC. AND/OR MOL SHIP MANAGEMENT (SINGAPORE) PTE. LTD.,
PETITIONERS, VS. MICHAEL PADERES ATRAJE
RESPONDENT.DECISION LEONEN, J.: The third doctor rule does not
apply when there is no final and definitive assessment ...
118. [ G.R. No. 208396, March 14, 2018 ] THIRD DIVISION [
G.R. No. 208396, March 1
...PETITIONER, VS. SOUTHFIELD AGENCIES, INC., WILHEMSEN SHIP
MANAGEMENT HOLDING LTD., AND CAPT. SONNY VALENCIA,
RESPONDENTS. DECISION LEONEN, J.: This Court is duty-bound to
respect the consistent prior findings of the Labor Arbiter, ...
119. [ G.R. Nos. 208481-82, February 07, 2018 ] THIRD
DIVISION [ G.R. Nos. 208481-
...OF THE OMBUDSMAN, REPRESENTED BY OMBUDSMAN
CONCHITA CARPIO MORALES, PETITIONER, VS. MARIA ROWENA
REGALADO, RESPONDENT. DECISION LEONEN, J.: "Yes, my dear,
that's the system ng government . . . Ganito ang system, ano ako
magmamalinis? ...
120. [ G.R. No. 205745, March 08, 2017 ] 807 Phil. 102 SECOND
DIVISION [ G.R. No.
...CAPISTRANO DAAYATA, DEXTER SALISI, AND BREGIDO MALACAT,
JR., PETITIONERS, VS. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES,
RESPONDENT. DECISION LEONEN, J.: Pride, when unchecked, can
waste our youth and cause the forfeiture of all meaning in ...

121. [ G.R. No. 198120, February 20, 2017 ] 806 Phil. 1 SECOND
DIVISION [ G.R. No
...MERCEDES S. GATMAYTAN, PETITIONER, VS. FRANCISCO DOLOR
(SUBSTITUTED BY HIS HEIRS) AND HERMOGENA DOLOR,
RESPONDENTS. DECISION LEONEN, J.: When a party's counsel
serves a notice of change in address upon a court, ...
122. [ G.R. No. 195166, July 08, 2015 ] 763 PHIL. 372 SECOND
 DIVISION [ G.R. No.
...SPOUSES SALVADOR ABELLA AND ALMA ABELLA, PETITIONERS,
VS. SPOUSES ROMEO ABELLA AND ANNIE ABELLA,
RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.: This resolves a Petition for
Review on Certiorari under Rule 45 of the Rules of ...
123. [ G.R. No. 200628, January 13, 2015 ] 750 Phil. 413 EN
BANC [ G.R. No. 20062
...MARIA THERESA G. GUTIERREZ, PETITIONER, VS. COMMISSION
ON AUDIT AND AUDITOR NARCISA DJ JOAQUIN,
RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.: A cashier who is found to
have been negligent in keeping the funds in his ...
124. [ G.R. No. 211293, June 04, 2019 ] EN BANC [ G.R. No.
211293, June 04, 2019 ]
...HERNANDEZ, RENATO L. BASCO, CARMEN MERINO, AND
REYNALDO SALVADOR, PETITIONERS, VS. COMMISSION ON AUDIT,
RESPONDENT.DECISION LEONEN, J.: A corporation, whether with or
without an original charter, is under the audit jurisdiction of ...
125. [ G.R. No. 220721, December 10, 2018 ] THIRD DIVISION [
G.R. No. 220721, Dece
...PLAINTIFF-APPELLEE, VS. NADY MAGALLANO, JR. Y FLORES AND
ROMEO TAPAR Y CASTRO, ACCUSED-
APPELLANTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.: "The essence of treachery is the
swift and unexpected attack on the unarmed victim without ...
126. [ G.R. No. 189626, August 20, 2018 ] THIRD DIVISION [
G.R. No. 189626, August
...PETITIONERS, VS. CONCEPCION BALLADO AND MARY GRACE
BALLADO LEDESMA, AND ST. JOSEPH REALTY, LTD.
RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.: Jurisdiction over the subject
matter of a complaint is conferred by law. It cannot be ...
127. [ G.R. No. 208314, August 23, 2017 ] THIRD DIVISION [
G.R. No. 208314, August
...VS. MARLOW NAVIGATION PHILS., INC./MARLOW NAVIGATION
CO. LTD./CYPRUS, AND/OR EILEEN MORALES,
RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.: As laypersons, seafarers
cannot be expected to make completely accurate accounts of their state of
...
128. [ G.R. No. 206178, August 09, 2017 ] SECOND DIVISION [
G.R. No. 206178, Augus
...VS. ELBURG SHIPMANAGEMENT PHILIPPINES, INC., AUGUSTEA
ATLANTICA SRL/ITALY, AND CAPTAIN ANTONIO S. NOMBRADO,
RESPONDENTS. DECISION LEONEN, J.: The physician who has
personal knowledge of a seafarer's actual medical condition after closely ...
129. [ G.R. No. 201354, September 21, 2016 ] SECOND
 DIVISION [ G.R. No. 201354, Se
...AND MARIA LUISA P. PADILLA, PETITIONERS, VS. LEOPOLDO
MALICSI, LITO CASINO, AND AGRIFINO GUANES,
RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.: This resolves the Petition for
Review on Certiorari [1] filed by Spouses Pablo M. Padilla, ...
130. [ G.R. No. 209910, November 29, 2017 ] THIRD DIVISION [
G.R. No. 209910, Nove
...VS. EMILIO G. ALFECHE, GILBERT ALFECHE, EMMANUEL
MANUGAS, AND M. LHUILLIER PAWNSHOP AND JEWELRY,
RESPONDENTS. DECISION LEONEN, J.: An electric distribution
company is a public utility presumed to have the necessary expertise and ...

131. [ G.R. No. 198066, June 07, 2017 ] SECOND DIVISION [

G.R. No. 198066, June 07
...URIOS COLLEGE (NOW FATHER SATURNINO URIOS UNIVERSITY)
AND/OR FR. JOHN CHRISTIAN U. YOUNG,
RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.: The employer must adduce
proof of actual involvement in the alleged misconduct for loss of ...
132. [ G.R. No. 205657, March 29, 2017 ] SECOND DIVISION [
G.R. No. 205657, March
...BANK OF THE PHILIPPINES, PETITIONER, V. SPOUSES JEROME
AND QUINNIE BRIONES, AND JOHN DOE,
RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.: Upon accepting an agency,
the agent becomes bound to carry out the agency and shall ...
133. [ G.R. No. 187273, February 15, 2017 ] 805 Phil. 759
SECOND DIVISION [ G.R.
...ARA AND WILLIAM A. GARCIA, PETITIONERS, V. DRA. FELY S.
PIZARRO AND HENRY ROSSI,
RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.: For a claim of filiation to
succeed, it must be made within the period allowed, ...
134. [ G.R. No. 188720, February 23, 2016 ] 781 Phil. 399 EN
BANC [ G.R. No. 1887
...PTCA FEDERATION, INC., PETITIONER, VS. DEPARTMENT OF
EDUCATION, REPRESENTED BY SECRETARY JESLI A. LAPUS,
RESPONDENT. DECISION LEONEN, J.: This resolves a Petition for
Certiorari and Prohibition [1] praying that respondent Department of
Education' ...
135. [ G.R. No. 233016, March 05, 2019 ] EN BANC [ G.R. No.
233016, March 05, 2019
...LAGASCA, PETITIONER-INTERVENOR, VS. COMMISSION ON
ELECTIONS AND ALFRED J. ZAPANTA; EDILBERTO U. LAGASCA,
RESPONDENTS. DECISION LEONEN, J.: In a multi-slot office, all
 votes cast in favor of the nuisance candidate whose ...
136. [ G.R. No. 191274, December 06, 2017 ] THIRD DIVISION [
G.R. No. 191274, Dece
...AND FLERIDA O. MARCELO, PETITIONERS, VS. SECURITY BANK
CORPORATION AND SERGIO ORTIZ-LUIS, JR.,
RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.: This Petition for Review [1] is
an appeal from the Court of Appeals: (1) Decision ...
137. [ G.R. No. 206343, February 22, 2017 ] 806 Phil. 308
SECOND DIVISION [ G.R.
...THE PHILIPPINES, PETITIONER, V. LORENZO MUSNI, EDUARDO
SONZA AND SPOUSES IRENEO AND NENITA SANTOS,
RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.: Banks must show that they
exercised the required due diligence before claiming to be mortgagees ...
138. [ G.R. No. 193618, November 28, 2016 ] SECOND DIVISION
[ G.R. No. 193618, Nov
...DELFIN, NAMELY EMELITA D. FABRIGAR AND LEONILO C.
DELFIN, PETITIONERS, VS. NATIONAL HOUSING AUTHORITY,
RESPONDENT. DECISION LEONEN, J.: Under Commonwealth Act No.
141, a claimant may acquire alienable and disposable public land upon ...
139. [ G.R. No. 197654, August 30, 2017 ] THIRD DIVISION [
G.R. No. 197654, August
...ROSARIO, PETITIONERS, VS. SPOUSES RICHARD Y. HUANG &
CARMEN G. HUANG, AND STEPHEN G. HUANG,
RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.: A judgment that lapses into
finality becomes immutable and unalterable. It can neither be modified ...
140. [ GR. No. 194190, January 25, 2017 ] 804 Phil. 264
SECOND DIVISION [ GR. No.
...THE DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WORKS AND HIGHWAYS (DPWH),
PETITIONER, VS. SPOUSES FRANCISCO R. LLAMAS,
RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.: This resolves a Petition for
Review on Certiorari [1] praying that the assailed October 14, ...

141. [ G.R. No. 172948, October 05, 2016 ] 796 Phil. 387
SECOND DIVISION [ G.R. N
...REFINING CORPORATION, PETITIONER, VS. PABLITO O. LIM,
MANUEL A. AGCAOILI, AND CONSUELO M. PADILLA,
RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.: An action for injunction filed
by a corporation generally does not lie to prevent the ...
142. [ G.R. No. 192803, December 10, 2013 ] 723 Phil. 160 EN
BANC [ G.R. No. 1928
...AGRARIAN RECONSTRUCTION, INC., ALSO KNOWN AS ARARO
PARTY-LIST, PETITIONER, VS. COMMISSION ON ELECTIONS,
 RESPONDENT. DECISION LEONEN, J.: It is beyond human
expectations that we charge voters with knowledge as to which among ...
143. [ G.R. No. 198008, February 04, 2019 ] THIRD DIVISION [
G.R. No. 198008, Febr
...EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR, REGION X, DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC
WORKS AND HIGHWAYS, PETITIONER, VS. BENJOHN FETALVERO,
RESPONDENT. DECISION LEONEN, J.: Money claims against the
government cannot be the subject of writs of execution absent any ...
144. [ G.R. No. 217123, February 06, 2019 ] THIRD DIVISION [
G.R. No. 217123, Febr
...SERVICES, INC., * MID-SOUTH SHIP AND CREW MANAGEMENT,
INC., AND/OR CAPTAIN SIMEON FLORES,
RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.: There is very little that
seafarers can do to better their working conditions upon boarding ...
145. [ G.R. No. 201302, January 23, 2019 ] THIRD DIVISION [
G.R. No. 201302, Janua
...DOING BUSINESS UNDER THE NAME AND STYLE OF UFC
PHILIPPINES (FORMERLY NUTRI-ASIA, INC.),
RESPONDENT.DECISION LEONEN, J.: The venue for the collection of
sum of money case is governed by Rule 4, ...
146. [ G.R. No. 214744, March 14, 2018 ] THIRD DIVISION [
G.R. No. 214744, March 1
...MORA, OSA, ALBERT D. MANALILI, AND ALICIA MANABAT,
PETITIONERS, VS. VIRGINIA PASCUA, M.D.,
RESPONDENT.DECISION LEONEN, J.: When termination of
employment is occasioned by retrenchment to prevent losses, an employer
must declare ...
147. [ G.R. No. 211053, November 29, 2017 ] THIRD DIVISION [
G.R. No. 211053, Nove
...L. OROZCO, MANUEL D. OSIR, AND ALBERTO B. MATURAN,
ACCUSED, ERNIE N. CASTRO, ACCUSED-
APPELLANT.DECISION LEONEN, J.: Accused-appellant does not
dispute being at the scene of the crime. He testified to ...
148. [ G.R. No. 200512, June 07, 2017 ] SECOND DIVISION [
G.R. No. 200512, June 07
...AVANCENA Y CABANELA, JAIME POPIOCO Y CAMBAYA [1] AND
NOLASCO TAYTAY Y CRUZ, ACCUSED-
APPELLANTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.: This is an appeal from the
Decision dated September 17, 2010 [2] of the Court ...
149. [ G.R. No. 190187, September 28, 2016 ] 796 Phil. 96
SECOND DIVISION [ G.R.
...UNION, PETITIONER, VS. UNOCAL PHILIPPINES, INC. (NOW
KNOWN AS CHEVRON GEOTHERMAL PHILIPPINES HOLDINGS,
 INC.), RESPONDENT. DECISION LEONEN, J.: The merger of a
corporation with another does not operate to dismiss the employees of ...
150. [ G.R. No. 172961, September 07, 2015 ] 768 Phil. 539
SECOND DIVISION [ G.R.
...HIS HEIRS FEDERICO MENDOZA AND DELFIN MENDOZA, AND
JOSE GONZALES, PETITIONERS, VS. REYNOSA VALTE,
RESPONDENT.DECISION LEONEN, J.: The existence or non-existence
of fraud is a legal conclusion based on a finding ...

151. [ G.R. No. 179047, March 11, 2015 ] 755 PHIL. 553 SECOND
DIVISION [ G.R. No.
...VS. SUBIC BAY GOLF AND COUNTRY CLUB, INC. AND UNIVERSAL
INTERNATIONAL GROUP DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION,
RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.: Intra-corporate controversies,
previously under the Securities and Exchange Commission's jurisdiction,
are now under ...
152. [ G.R. No. 222980, March 20, 2017 ] 807 Phil. 747 SECOND
DIVISION [ G.R. No.
...N RIDE INC./VICEST (PHILS) INC./GRAND LEISURE CORP./SPS.
VICENTE & ESTELITA B. JAVIER,
RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.: Natural expressions of an
employer do not automatically make for a hostile work atmosphere. The ...
153. [ G.R. No. 188658, January 11, 2017 ] 803 Phil. 143
SECOND DIVISION [ G.R. N
...BY ZOSIMO L. MENDOZA, SR., PETITIONERS, V. COURT OF
APPEALS AND ALICIA R. LOYOLA,
RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.: This resolves a Petition for
Certiorari [1] assailing the Court of Appeals' December 22, 2008 ...
154. [ G.R. No. 223751, March 15, 2017 ] 807 Phil. 555 SECOND
DIVISION [ G.R. No.
...PRODUCTION CO., PETITIONERS, VS. PHILIPPINE INFORMATION
AGENCY AND DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WORKS AND HIGHWAYS,
RESPONDENTS. DECISION LEONEN, J.: In determining the
sufficiency of a cause of action for resolving a motion to dismiss, ...
155. [ G.R. No. 181683, October 07, 2015 ] 770 PHIL. 612
SECOND DIVISION [ G.R. N
...CORPORATION, RESPONDENT. [G.R. No. 184568] NATIONAL
POWER CORPORATION, PETITIONER, VS. LORENZO SHIPPING
CORPORATION, RESPONDENT. DECISIONLEONEN, J.: These
consolidated Petitions for Review on Certiorari [1] are offshoots of the
Court of Appeals' ...
156. [ A.C. No. 10662 [Formerly CBD Case No. 10-2654], July 07,
 2015 ] 763 PHIL. 17
...10-2654], July 07, 2015 ] JUN B. LUNA, COMPLAINANT, VS. ATTY.
DWIGHT M. GALARRITA, RESPONDENT.DECISION LEONEN, J.:
Before us is a disbarment Complaint against Atty. Dwight M. Galarrita for
his failure to ...
157. [ G.R. No. 206331, June 04, 2018 ] THIRD DIVISION [ G.R.
No. 206331, June 04,
...DIAZ, REPRESENTED BY MARY CATHERINE M. DIAZ; EMMA
CABIGTING; AND NINA T. SAMANIEGO [1] ,
RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.: A liberal construction of the
rules of procedure, including the period within which a petition ...
158. [ GR. No. 196072, September 20, 2017 ] THIRD DIVISION [
GR. No. 196072, Septe
...R. NO. 208603] SULPICIO LINES, INC. PETITIONER, VS. STEAMSHIP
MUTUAL UNDERWRITING ASSOCIATION (BERMUDA) LIMITED,
REPONDENT. DECISION LEONEN, J.: An insured member may be
compelled to arbitration pursuant to the Rules of the Protection ...
159. [ G.R. No. 180745, August 30, 2017 ] THIRD DIVISION [
G.R. No. 180745, August
...GEORGE M. JEREOS, ROBERTO G. GEOTINA, JUAN T. TAN,
KRISTINE MORALES, AND ALBERTO LINA,
RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.: In observing administrative
due process, it is essential that the accused be accorded the right ...
160. [ G.R. No. 191856, December 07, 2016 ] SECOND DIVISION
[ G.R. No. 191856, Dec
...BIR), PETITIONER, V. GMCC UNITED DEVELOPMENT
CORPORATION, JOSE C. GO, AND XU XIAN CHUN,
RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.: Before this Court is a Petition
for Review on Certiorari [1] assailing the Court of ...

161. [ G.R. No. 224144, June 28, 2017 ] 811 Phil. 861 SECOND
DIVISION [ G.R. No.
...REPRESENTED BY JOSEFINA BAS ESPINOSA AND REGISTER OF
DEEDS OF THE PROVINCE OF CEBU,
RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.: This resolves a Petition for
Review [1] assailing the Decision [2] dated March 12, 2014 ...
162. [ G.R. No. 203072, October 18, 2016 ] EN BANC [ G.R. No.
203072, October 18,
...TAN, COMMISSIONER JUANITO G. ESPINO, JR., COMMISSIONER
HEIDI L. MENDOZA, AND COMMISSION ON AUDIT,
RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.: Under Republic Act No. 6758,
otherwise known as the Compensation and Position Classification Act of ...
163. [ G.R. No. 197122, June 15, 2016 ] 787 Phil. 305 SECOND
DIVISION [ G.R. No.
...THOMAS CLEARY, RESPONDENT. [G.R. No. 197161] KATHRYN GO-
PEREZ, PETITIONER, VS. THOMAS CLEARY,
RESPONDENT.DECISION LEONEN, J.: This case stems from a motion
for court authorization to take deposition in Los Angeles ...
164. [ G.R. No. 175198, September 23, 2015 ] 770 PHIL. 141
SECOND DIVISION [ G.R.
...AND EDGAR MANATO, PETITIONERS, VS. NATIONWIDE SECURITY
AND ALLIED SERVICES, INC/ROMEO T. NOLASCO,
RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.: Motions for reconsideration
not served on the adverse party do not toll the running of ...
165. [ G.R. No. 213023, April 10, 2019 ] THIRD DIVISION [ G.R.
No. 213023, April 1
...JR., JANET BAY, JESUS P. GALANG, RANDY HAGOS, JEANY
LACORTE, AND VENUS TANDOC, ACCUSED-
APPELLANT.DECISION LEONEN, J.: The degree of freedom by which
journalists operate to uncover and write the news is ...
166. [ G.R. No. 208224, November 22, 2017 ] THIRD DIVISION [
G.R. No. 208224, Nove
...AGUILAR, MA. THERESA M. BEFETEL, AND MYRNA NISAY,
PETITIONERS, VS. DR. GLORY V. BALTAZAR,
RESPONDENT.DECISION LEONEN, J.: This is a Petition for Review on
Certiorari [1] under Rule 45 of the 1997 ...
167. [ G.R. No. 170316, September 18, 2017 ] THIRD DIVISION [
G.R. No. 170316, Sep
...DELOS REYES, DALE Y. NOVAL, WINNIE T. REFI, ZENAIDA LAO,
AND DAISY N. MORALES, RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.:
When an applicant in the registration of property proves his or her open,
continuous, exclusive, ...
168. [ G.R. No. 167679, July 22, 2015 ] 764 Phil. 418 SECOND
DIVISION [ G.R. No.
...PHILIPPINES AS ING BANK N.V. MANILA BRANCH, PETITIONER,
VS. COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE,
RESPONDENT.DECISION LEONEN, J.: Qualified taxpayers with
pending tax cases may still avail themselves of the tax amnesty program ...
169. [ G.R. No. 206150, August 09, 2017 ] SECOND DIVISION [
G.R. No. 206150, Augus
...SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY, INC.), FASTECH MICROASSEMBLY & TEST,
INC., FASTECH ELECTRONIQUE, INC., AND FASTECH PROPERTIES,
INC., RESPONDENTS. DECISIONLEONEN, J.: Courts will not render
judgment on a moot and academic case unless any of the ...
170. [ G.R. No. 208205, June 01, 2016 ] 786 Phil. 163 SECOND
 DIVISION [ G.R. No.
...[G.R. No. 208212] REPUBLIC REAL ESTATE CORPORATION,
PETITIONER, VS. REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES,
RESPONDENT.DECISION LEONEN, J.: Upon execution, this Court's
decision cannot be amended by the trial court or the ...

171. [ G.R. No. 189509, November 23, 2015 ] 773 Phil. 289
SECOND DIVISION [ G.R.
...ELPIDIO AND ROSE VIOLET PARAS, SPOUSES JESUS AND MA.
CONSUELO PARAS AND VICTORIA PARAS,
RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.: The central issue in this case
is whether an agreement between a secured creditor and ...
172. [ G.R. No. 198436, July 08, 2015 ] 763 PHIL. 428 SECOND
DIVISION [ G.R. No.
...ESTELITA CO WONG, BENNY H. WONG, ARSENIO CHUA, SONNY
CHUA, AND WONG YAN TAK,
RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.: As a general rule, a
corporation has a separate and distinct personality from those who ...
173. [ G.R. No. 199825, July 26, 2017 ] SECOND DIVISION [ G.R.
No. 199825, July 26
...PASCUAL AND ST. FRANCIS SCHOOL OF GENERAL TRIAS, CAVITE,
INC., PETITIONERS, VS. LAURITA CUSTODIO,
RESPONDENT.DECISION LEONEN, J.: This resolves a Petition for
Review on Certiorari [1] assailing the May 25, 2011 Decision ...
174. [ G.R. No. 184466, December 05, 2016 ] SECOND
DIVISION [ G.R. No. 184466, Dec
...IN- FACT, REUBEN CAPILI ECHAVES, PETITIONERS, VS. ANATOLIA
TANSAY AS SUBSTITUTED BY LILIAN YAP,
RESPONDENT.DECISION LEONEN, J.: The Court of Appeals' power to
receive evidence to resolve factual issues in cases falling ...
175. [ G.R. No. 199625, June 06, 2018 ] THIRD DIVISION [ G.R.
No. 199625, June 06,
...RAFAEL P. DELOS SANTOS, CORAZON G. CORPUZ, DANILO C.
JAVIER, AND JIMMY B. SARONA,
RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.: The exoneration of public
officers by the Ombudsman in a charge alleging grave misconduct and ...
176. [ G.R. No. 190922, October 11, 2017 ] THIRD DIVISION [
G.R. No. 190922, Octob
...MARCELINO L. GALO, ARTEMIO ABARQUEZ, AUGUSTO B. LAWAN,
ADOLFO L. GALO AND EDUARDO R.
ERMITADECISION LEONEN, J.: A judgment approving the subdivision
of a parcel of land does not preclude other parties ...
177. [ G.R. No. 198587, January 14, 2015 ] 750 Phil. 791 SECOND
DIVISION [ G.R. N
...REBESENCIO, MONTASSAH B. SACAR-ADIONG, ROUEN RUTH A.
CRISTOBAL AND LORAINE S. SCHNEIDER-CRUZ,
RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.: All Filipinos are entitled to
the protection of the rights guaranteed in the Constitution. This ...
178. [ G.R. No. 190389, April 19, 2017 ] SECOND DIVISION [
G.R. No. 190389, April
...190390] MANGGAGAWA NG KOMUNIKASYON SA PILIPINAS,
PETITIONER, VS. PHILIPPINE LONG DISTANCE TELEPHONE
COMPANY INCORPORATED, RESPONDENT. DECISION LEONEN, J.:
An employer's declaration of redundancy becomes a valid and authorized
cause for dismissal when ...
179. [ G.R. No. 186403, September 05, 2018 ] THIRD DIVISION
[ G.R. No. 186403, Sep
...GUIMBA, NUEVA ECIJA, MRS. PRISCILLA ESPINOSA, * AND NUEVA
ECIJA PROVINCIAL PUBLIC PROSECUTOR FLORO FLORENDO,
RESPONDENTS. DECISION LEONEN, J.: An allegation of conspiracy to
add a new accused without changing the prosecution's theory ...
180. [ G.R. No. 199515, June 25, 2018 ] THIRD DIVISION [ G.R.
No. 199515, June 25,
...PIÑAS CITY, AND THE ADMINISTRATOR AND CIVIL REGISTRAR
GENERAL OF THE NATIONAL STATISTICS OFFICE,
RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.: Judicial recognition of a
foreign divorce requires that the national law of the foreign spouse ...

181. [ G.R. Nos. 236577 and 236597, August 15, 2018 ] THIRD
DIVISION [ G.R. Nos. 2
...THE MAKATI CITY REGIONAL TRIAL COURT, BRANCH 143, AND
PHILIPPINE GAMING AND MANAGEMENT CORPORATION,
RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.: Absent the showing of an
existing right to be protected, a party's application for ...
182. [ G.R. No. 195295, October 05, 2016 ] 796 Phil. 617 SECOND
DIVISION [ G.R. N
...IMELDA "IMEE" R. MARCOS-MANOTOC, GREGORIO MA. ARANETA
III, AND IRENE R. MARCOS ARANETA,
RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.: This resolves a Petition [1] for
certiorari assailing the Sandiganbayan's cancellation of a notice ...
183. [ G.R. No. 194388, November 07, 2018 ] THIRD DIVISION [
G.R. No. 194388, Nove
...OF QUEZON CITY, SANGGUNIANG PANLUNGSOD NG QUEZON
CITY, AND CITY MAYOR OF QUEZON CITY,
 RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.: A government
instrumentality exercising corporate powers is not liable for the payment of
real property ...
184. [ G.R. No. 195956, March 11, 2015 ] 755 PHIL. 709 SECOND
DIVISION [ G.R. No.
...SOHO, GRACE DELA PEÑA-REYES, JOHN OLIVER T. MANALASTAS,
JOHN DOES AND JANE DOES,
RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.: The main issue in this case is
whether there is probable cause to charge respondents ...
185. [ G.R. No. 171804, August 05, 2015 ] 765 Phil. 714 SECOND
DIVISION [ G.R. No
...PETITIONERS, VS. OSCAR ANGLO, SR., AND ANGLO
AGRICULTURAL CORPORATION, REPRESENTED BY OSCAR ANGLO,
JR., RESPONDENTS. DECISION LEONEN, J.: The Assurance Fund is
part of our property registration system covered by Presidential Decree No.
...
186. [ G.R. No. 170458, November 23, 2015 ] 773 Phil. 179
SECOND DIVISION [ G.R.
...TATLONGHARI, DOMINGO P. UY, GUILLERMO P. UY, HINOSAN
MOTORS CORPORATION, AND WESTERN GUARANTY
CORPORATION, RESPONDENTS. DECISION LEONEN, J.: The
notation "in trust for" or "for escrow" that comes with deposited funds
indicates that ...
187. [ G.R. No. 182944, November 09, 2016 ] SECOND
DIVISION [ G.R. No. 182944, Nov
...BAYANI F. FERNANDO, PETITIONERS, VS. CITY ADVERTISING
VENTURES CORPORATION, REPRESENTED BY DEXTER Y. LIM,
RESPONDENT. DECISION LEONEN, J.: For a writ of preliminary
injunction to be issued, the applicant must show, by prima ...
188. [ G.R. No. 220481, February 17, 2016 ] 781 Phil. 255
SECOND DIVISION [ G.R.
...ASIAN INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT, INC., PETITIONER, VS.
VICTOR S. LIMLINGAN AND EMMANUEL A. LEYCO,
RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.: For resolution are Petitions
for Review on Certiorari [1] assailing the Decision [2] dated January ...
189. [ G.R. No. 202408, June 27, 2018 ] THIRD DIVISION [ G.R.
No. 202408, June 27,
...RESPONDENT. [G.R. No. 202412] DATUKAN M. GUIANI
PETITIONER, VS. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES,
RESPONDENT.DECISION LEONEN, J.: The rules on competitive
public bidding and those concerning the disbursement of public funds are
...
190. [ G.R. No. 192223, July 23, 2018 ] THIRD DIVISION [ G.R.
 No. 192223, July 23,
...OF ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES, AND THE
GOVERNOR OF BANGKO SENTRAL NG PILIPINAS (BSP),
RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.: The grant of an informer's
reward for the discovery, conviction, and punishment of tax ...

191. [ G.R. No. 205128, August 09, 2017 ] SECOND DIVISION [

G.R. No. 205128, Augus
...PETITIONERS, VS. LAND BANK OF THE PHILIPPINES AND
DEPARTMENT OF AGRARIAN REFORM ADJUDICATION BOARD,
RESPONDENTS. DECISION LEONEN, J.: A perceived abuse cannot be
cured by an abuse. Administrative agencies, such as the Department ...
192. [ G.R. No. 172980, July 22, 2015 ] 764 Phil. 477 SECOND
DIVISION [ G.R. No.
...BOARD, JOSE ANTONIO R. LEE, ATTY. VENANCIO C. REYES, JR.,
AND NESTOR P. TINIO, RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.: An
appeal of the outright dismissal of a petition for certiorari against an
interlocutory order ...
193. [ G.R. No. 211780, November 21, 2018 ] THIRD DIVISION [
G.R. No. 211780, Nove
...VILLAGE ASSOCIATION, INC., REPRESENTED BY ITS PRESIDENT
ANTONIO GUERRERO, AND THE REGISTER OF DEEDS,
RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.: In contract interpretation,
courts must first determine whether a stipulation is ambiguous or
susceptible of ...
194. [ G.R. No. 214312, September 05, 2018 ] THIRD DIVISION [
G.R. No. 214312, Sep
...OMBUDSMAN FOR LUZON, ROBERTO RICALDE, MODESTO DE
LEON, ALICIA MANGUBAT, AND LENELITA BALBOA,
PROMULGATED: RESPONDENTS. DECISION LEONEN, J.: Orders
and decisions of the Office of the Ombudsman in criminal cases may be
elevated ...
195. [ G.R. No. 208614, November 27, 2017 ] THIRD DIVISION [
G.R. No. 208614, Nove
...PIEDAD, ALI PIEDAD, AND LEE PIEDAD, PETITIONERS, VS.
CANDELARIA LINEHAN BOBILLES AND MARIANO BOBILLES,
RESPONDENTS. DECISION LEONEN, J.: Courts should take to heart
the principle of equity if the strict application of the ...
196. [ G.R. No. 174747, March 09, 2016 ] 783 Phil. 62 SECOND
DIVISION [ G.R. No.
...CHAPTER/GEORGE EMATA, DOMINGO REBANCOS, NELSON
BERINA, ROBERTO TIRAO, AMADO VILLOTE, AND BIENVENIDO
 FELINA, RESPONDENTS. DECISION LEONEN, J.: Under
Proclamation No. 50, Series of 1986, [1] no employer-employee
relationship is created by ...
197. [ G.R. No. 197526, July 26, 2017 ] SECOND DIVISION [ G.R.
No. 197526, July 26
...BY THE BUREAU OF INTERNAL REVENUE, PETITIONER, V. CE
LUZON GEOTHERMAL POWER COMPANY, INC.,
RESPONDENT.DECISION LEONEN, J.: The 120-day and 30-day
reglementary periods under Section 112(C) of the National ...
198. [ G.R. No. 189102, June 07, 2017 ] SECOND DIVISION [
G.R. No. 189102, June 07
...CECILIO G. ABENION, AND 1,842 OTHER PLAINTIFFS IN CIVIL
CASE NO. 95-45, RESPONDENTS. DECISION LEONEN, J.: Courts can
neither amend nor modify the terms and conditions of a compromise
validly entered ...
199. [ G.R. No. 205483, August 23, 2017 ] THIRD DIVISION [
G.R. No. 205483, August
...DECEASED PARTY, JULIANA S. MAGAT, PETITIONERS, VS.
TANTRADE CORPORATION AND PABLO S. BORJA, JR.,
RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.: Petitioners in this case
substituted as heirs for a deceased party. They crossed islands to ...
200. [ G.R. No. 214986, February 15, 2017 ] 805 Phil. 921
SECOND DIVISION [ G.R.
...CAMP AGUINALDO CAMP COMMANDER, AND LT. COL. HAROLD
CABUNOC, AFP PUBLIC AFFAIRS OFFICE CHIEF,
RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.: We resolve a Petition to Cite
for Indirect Contempt [1] filed by petitioner Atty. Herminio ...

201. [ G.R. No. 200811, June 19, 2019 ] THIRD DIVISION [ G.R.
No. 200811, June 19,
...MANAGEMENT AND DEVELOPMENT SERVICES, INC., SAGE
INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT COMPANY, LTD., AND ALBERTO C.
ALVINA, RESPONDENTS. DECISION LEONEN, J.: The clause "or for
three (3) months for every year of the unexpired term, whichever ...
202. [ G.R. No. 173921, February 24, 2016 ] 781 Phil. 474
SECOND DIVISION [ G.R.
...NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS COMMISSION, PHILIPPINE
AIRLINES, INC., AVELINO L. ZAPANTA, AND CESAR B. LAMBERTE,
RESPONDENTS. DECISION LEONEN, J.: The employer has the burden
of proving that the dismissal of its employees is with ...
203. [ G.R. No. 191945, March 11, 2015 ] 755 PHIL. 613 SECOND
DIVISION [ G.R. No.
 ...OLIVO, ALICIA O. SALAZAR, ANITA O. ORDONO, ANGELITA O. LIM,
AND ADELFA O. ESPINAS, RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.:
When the taking of private property is no longer for a public purpose, the
expropriation ...
204. [ G.R. No. 221139, March 20, 2019 ] THIRD DIVISION [
G.R. No. 221139, March 2
...THE HONORABLE JUDGE OF REGIONAL TRIAL COURT BRANCH 12,
CEBU CITY ESTELA ALMA SINGCO,
RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.: The Philippine legal system's
framework for the protection of indigenous peoples was never intended ...
205. [ G.R. Nos. 206438 and 206458, July 31, 2018 ] EN BANC [
G.R. Nos. 206438 and
...SANDIGANBAYAN, FIFTH DIVISION, QUEZON CITY; OFFICE OF
THE OMBUDSMAN; AND PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES,
RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.: Every accused has the rights
to due process and to speedy disposition of cases. Inordinate ...
206. [ G.R. No. 196020, April 18, 2018 ] THIRD DIVISION [ G.R.
No. 196020, April 1
...R. MALVAR, PETITIONER, VS. MANILA ELECTRIC COMPANY,
VICENTE MONTERO, MR. BONDOC, AND MR. BAYONA,
RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.: A distribution utility is
mandated to strictly comply with the legal requisites before disconnecting
an ...
207. [ G.R. No. 199107, August 30, 2017 ] THIRD DIVISION [
G.R. No. 199107, August
...IN HIS CAPACITY AS CHAIRMAN OF THE DEPARTMENT OF
AGRARIAN REFORM ADJUDICATION BOARD (DARAB),
RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.: Procedural rules must be
faithfully followed and dutifully enforced. Still, their application should not
amount ...
208. [ G.R. No. 208450, June 05, 2017 ] SECOND DIVISION [
G.R. No. 208450, June 05
...ABOITIZ AND MARIA CRISTINA CABARRUS, JOSE MARIA MORAZA,
AND ERNESTO ABOITIZ AND ISABEL ABOITIZ,
RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.: This resolves two (2)
Petitions for Review on Certiorari [1] assailing the Court of Appeals' ...
209. [ G.R. No. 193068, February 01, 2017 ] 805 Phil. 58
SECOND DIVISION [ G.R. N
...CORPORATION, RODOLFO M. CUENCA, MANUEL I. TINIO, CUENCA
INVESTMENT CORPORATION AND UNIVERSAL HOLDINGS
CORPORATION, RESPONDENTS. DECISIONLEONEN, J.: A condition
shall be deemed fulfilled when the obligor voluntarily prevents its
fulfilment and a ...
210. [ G.R. No. 174379, August 31, 2016 ] 794 Phil. 97 SECOND
DIVISION [ G.R. No.
...IN HIS CAPACITY AS THE DHUECTOR OF THE BUREAU OF
PATENTS), AND THERAPHARMA, INC.,
RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.: A patent is granted to provide
rights and protection to the inventor after an invention ...

211. [ G.R. No. 193068, February 01, 2017 ] 805 Phil. 58

SECOND DIVISION [ G.R. N
...CORPORATION, RODOLFO M. CUENCA, MANUEL I. TINIO, CUENCA
INVESTMENT CORPORATION AND UNIVERSAL HOLDINGS
CORPORATION, RESPONDENTS. DECISIONLEONEN, J.: A condition
shall be deemed fulfilled when the obligor voluntarily prevents its
fulfilment and a ...
212. [ G.R. No. 174379, August 31, 2016 ] 794 Phil. 97 SECOND
DIVISION [ G.R. No.
...IN HIS CAPACITY AS THE DHUECTOR OF THE BUREAU OF
PATENTS), AND THERAPHARMA, INC.,
RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.: A patent is granted to provide
rights and protection to the inventor after an invention ...
213. [ G.R. No. 215072, September 07, 2016 ] 794 Phil. 526
SECOND DIVISION [ G.R.
...SPOUSE, NINFA LAMISTOZA-ENTAPA, FRANKLIN G. ENTAPA,
MARINA E. SCHACHT, AND ELVIRA G. ENTAPA,
RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.: The Constitution requires
that a court must state the factual and legal grounds on which ...
214. [ A.M. No. P-16-3459 [Formerly OCA IPI No. 13-4119-P],
June 21, 2016 ] 787 Phi
...IV, OFFICE OF THE CLERK OF COURT [OCC], REGIONAL TRIAL
COURT, ANTIPOLO CITY, RIZAL,
RESPONDENT.DECISION LEONEN, J.: Sheriffs play an important role
in the effective and efficient administration of our justice system. ...
215. [ G.R. No. 189516, June 08, 2016 ] 786 Phil. 517 SECOND
DIVISION [ G.R. No.
...THE PENSION AND GRATUITY MANAGEMENT CENTER (PGMC) OF
THE ARMED FORCES OF THE PHILIPPINES,
RESPONDENT.DECISION LEONEN, J.: A writ of execution lies against
the pension benefits of a retired officer of the ...
216. [ G.R. No. 217508, April 18, 2016 ] 784 Phil. 918 SECOND
DIVISION [ G.R. No.
...74 OF THE REGIONAL TRIAL COURT OF OLONGAPO CITY, AND
MARILOU LAUDE Y SERDONCILLO,
 RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.: This resolves a Petition for
Certiorari [1] praying that the Resolutions dated January 27, 2015 ...
217. [ G.R. No. 197597, April 08, 2015 ] 757 PHIL. 630 SECOND
DIVISION [ G.R. No.
...OTHER PERSONS ACTING ON HIS BEHALF AND/OR HAVING
CUSTODY OF DATUKAN MALANG SALIBO,
RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.: Habeas corpus is the proper
remedy for a person deprived of liberty due to mistaken ...
218. [ G.R. No. 174202, April 07, 2015 ] 757 PHIL. 454 EN BANC
[ G.R. No. 174202,
...OF VALLADOLID, NEGROS OCCIDENTAL; AND HENRY L. JORDAN
AND/OR HLJ CONSTRUCTION AND ENTERPRISE,
RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.: Republic Act No. 8975 does
not sanction splitting a cause of action in order for ...
219. [ G.R. No. 208293, December 10, 2014 ] 749 PHIL. 948
SECOND DIVISION [ G.R.
...CARMELITA S. SANTOS, REYME L. SANTOS, ANGEL L. SANTOS,
BUENVENIDO L. SANTOS, ET AL.,
RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.: The standard of diligence
required of banks is higher than the degree of diligence of ...
220. [ G.R. No. 218666, April 26, 2017 ] SECOND DIVISION [
G.R. No. 218666, April
...DE VERA, PETITIONERS, VS. HEIRS OF GABINO T. VILLANOZA,
REPRESENTED BY BONIFACIO A. VILLANOZA,
RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.: Under the Comprehensive
Agrarian Reform Law, the landowner may retain a maximum of five (3) ...

221. [ G.R. No. 218666, April 26, 2017 ] SECOND DIVISION [

G.R. No. 218666, April
...DE VERA, PETITIONERS, VS. HEIRS OF GABINO T. VILLANOZA,
REPRESENTED BY BONIFACIO A. VILLANOZA,
RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.: Under the Comprehensive
Agrarian Reform Law, the landowner may retain a maximum of five (3) ...
222. [ G.R. No. 187094, February 15, 2017 ] 805 Phil. 736
SECOND DIVISION [ G.R.
...OF INVESTIGATING PROSECUTORS, AND RAUL M. GONZALEZ, IN
HIS CAPACITY AS SECRETARY OF JUSTICE,
RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.: Upon filing of an information
in court, trial court judges must determine the existence or ...
223. [ G.R. No. 174333, April 20, 2016 ] 785 Phil. 409 SECOND
DIVISION [ G.R. No.
...U. SANTOS, SIMON MARCE, JR., JOEL F. SALINEL, BEBIANA SAN
 PEDRO, AND MARINA SANTOS,
RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.: When a motion to dismiss is
filed, only allegations of ultimate facts are hypothetically admitted. ...
224. [ G.R. No. 158836, September 30, 2015 ] 770 PHIL. 465
SECOND DIVISION [ G.R.
...R. No. 160778] SUNRISE GARDEN CORPORATION, PETITIONER, VS.
FIRST ALLIANCE REAL ESTATE DEVELOPMENT, INC.,
RESPONDENT. DECISION LEONEN, J.: A person who is not a party in
the main action cannot be the subject ...
225. [ G.R. No. 210554, August 05, 2015 ] 765 Phil. 926 SECOND
DIVISION [ G.R. No
...L. CALO, PRESIDING JUDGE OF BRANCH 211 OF THE REGIONAL
TRIAL COURT, MANDALUYONG CITY,
RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.: A disbarred lawyer's name
cannot be part of a firm's name. A lawyer ...
226. [ G.R. No. 187420, August 09, 2017 ] SECOND DIVISION [
G.R. No. 187420, Augus
...POWER CORPORATION BOARD OF DIRECTORS, POWER SECTOR
ASSETS & LIABILITIES MANAGEMENT AND PSALM BOARD
DIRECTORS, RESPONDENTS. DECISIONLEONEN, J.: A petition for
injunction under Section 78 of the Electric Power Industry Reform Act of ...
227. [ G.R. No. 109645, January 21, 2015 ] 751 Phil. 52 SECOND
DIVISION [ G.R. No
...CAPACITY AS PRESIDING JUDGE OF THE REGIONAL TRIAL COURT
OF QUEZON CITY, BRANCH 216,
RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.: These consolidated cases
involve matters that have long been settled by this court. However,
petitioner ...
228. [ G.R. No. 125346, November 11, 2014 ] 746 PHIL. 433 EN
BANC [ G.R. No. 1253
...R. No. 165499] LA SUERTE CIGAR & CIGARETTE FACTORY,
PETITIONER, VS. COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE,
RESPONDENT. DECISION LEONEN, J.: These cases involve the
taxability of stemmed leaf tobacco imported and locally purchased by
cigarette ...
229. [ G.R. No. 187869, September 13, 2017 ] THIRD DIVISION [
G.R. No. 187869, Sep
...OR OFFICIAL CAPACITIES AND MEGA INTEGRATED AGRO-
LIVESTOCK FARM CORPORATION PRESIDENT ERWIN BRYAN SEE * ,
RESPONDENTS. DECISION LEONEN, J.: Republic Act No. 7160,
otherwise known as the Local Government Code, requires prior
authorization from ...
230. [ G.R. No. 184092, February 22, 2017 ] 806 Phil. 252
 SECOND DIVISION [ G.R.
...R. No. 186570] SUSANA B. CABAHUG, PETITIONER, VS. PEOPLE OF
THE PHILIPPINES AND SANDIGANBAYAN,
RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.: The Commission on Audit is
the guardian of public funds with the mandate to review ...

231. [ G.R. No. 186432, March 12, 2019 ] EN BANC [ G.R. No.
186432, March 12, 2019
...BEDUYA, RIS B. ABUCAY-BUANTE, ELVER B. ABUCAY, REDELISA
ABUCAY-AGUSTIN, RHOTA B. ABUCAY,
RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.: The jurisdiction over the
administrative implementation of agrarian laws exclusively belongs to the
Department of ...
232. [ G.R. No. 187257, February 07, 2017 ] 805 Phil. 294 EN
BANC [ G.R. No. 1872
...ELERIA, MELITO B. LUPANGCO, NAPOCOR EMPLOYEES
CONSOLIDATED UNION AND NAPOCOR EMPLOYEES AND WORKERS
UNION, RESPONDENTS. DECISION LEONEN, J.: The implementation
of Republic Act No. 6758 resulted in the integration of all allowances
previously ...
233. [ G.R. No. 187291, December 05, 2016 ] SECOND DIVISION
[ G.R. No. 187291, Dec
...AND JUANITO K. AMPAGUEY, IN HIS CAPACITY AS REGISTRAR OF
DEEDS OF BAGUIO CITY, RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.:
Land registration cases that only resolve the propriety of the results of a
resurvey of ...
234. [ G.R. No. 202781, January 10, 2017 ] 803 Phil. 36 EN BANC
[ G.R. No. 202781
...ABC REPRESENTATIVE, AND HON. MARIE CAMILLE C.
MANANSALA, IN HER CAPACITY AS SKF REPRESENTATIVE,
RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.: Parties must comply with the
doctrines on hierarchy of courts and exhaustion of administrative
remedies. ...
235. [ G.R. No. 191545, March 29, 2017 ] SECOND DIVISION [
G.R. No. 191545, March
...MALIBIRAN, ORLANDO C. MALIBIRAN, RICARDO LLAMOSO AND
SANTA DIMAYUGA, REPRESENTED BY JOSE C. BASCONILLO,
RESPONDENTS. DECISION LEONEN, J.: Republic Act No. 6657 or the
Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law generally covers all public and ...
236. [ G.R. No. 220383, October 05, 2016 ] 796 Phil. 817
SECOND DIVISION [ G.R. N
...JERRY MONTELIBANO, PETITIONERS, VS. UNIVERSAL ROBINA
 CORPORATION, SUGAR DIVISION-SOUTHERN NEGROS
DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION (SONEDCO),
RESPONDENT.DECISION LEONEN, J.: An employer who refuses to
bargain with the union and tries to restrict its bargaining ...
237. [ G.R. No. 208827, March 14, 2016 ] THIRD DIVISION [
G.R. No. 208827, March 1
...J ., no part in view of the concurrence of his spouse in the assailed
CA decision; Leonen , J ., designated Additional Member per Raffle
dated February 29, 2016.) Very truly yours, (Sgd.) WILFREDO V. ...
238. [ G.R. No. 215988, April 10, 2019 ] EN BANC [ G.R. No.
215988, April 10, 2019
...PRIME HOLDINGS AND SM SUPERMALLS, AND THEIR OFFICERS
AND AGENTS ACTING ON THEIR BEHALF,
RESPONDENTS.DECISION LEONEN, J.: The depth, quality, and
complexity of our forests' biodiversity is a marker of humanity's ...