1.

DEFINITION of SIN
(according to Catechism of the Catholic Church)

It is an offense against reason,

truth, and right conscience.
It is a failure in genuine love for
God and neighbor.
2. CONCEPT OF SIN IN
SACRED SCRIPTURES
OLD TESTAMENT
Sin is often looked upon
as a transgression of
God’s law and will.
2. CONCEPT OF SIN IN
SACRED SCRIPTURES
OLD TESTAMENT
Sin is the rupture of the
covenant bond, the
violation of the spousal
relationship.
It is a negative response
to God’s call.
It leads to “death,” both
spiritual and physical.
2. CONCEPT OF SIN IN
SACRED SCRIPTURES
NEW TESTAMENT
Sin is considered as
ungrateful desertion of
the Lord. (Lk. 15:11-32)
The sinner lives in
enmity against God;
therefore, sinners are
excluded from the
Kingdom of God. (1 Cor.
6:9; Gal. 5:21)
 Grace and Sin as Relational
Realities

Because the ideal Christian life is basically a love

relationship expressed in the service of God and
neighbor, it makes sense to speak of grace and
sin only as relational realities.
 Sinfulness

We enter into sinfulness when we knowingly and

freely rupture our love relationship with God and
others, both by what we do and by what we fail to do.
 3. DIMENSIONS OF SIN
PERSONAL SOCIAL RELIGIOUS
DIMENSION
4. DEGREES OF SIN
A. MORTAL

A morally wrong decision which is so

intensive that it gives a wrong
orientation to man’s life.
1. Full knowledge
2. Grave matter
3. Full consent
4. DEGREES OF SIN
B. VENIAL

A sin that causes a weakening or a

strain in our relationship with God.
5. DIVISION OF SIN
INTERNAL SINS
Internal sins occur in the mind.
They are found in thought and desire.

Kinds of Internal Sins

1) mental complacency in sinful
imaginations; 2) sinful joy in an evil deed; 3)
evil desire; 4) Evil Desire 5) prejudice or bias
 6. SINS OF OMISSION
AND COMMISSION
SIN OF OMISSION SIN OF COMMISSION

The failure to The performance

perform of a forbidden act
an obligatory act.
7. CAPITAL SINS
They are called
capital not because
they are always
necessarily grave,
but because they
easily become vices
and sources of
many other sins.
Listed by Gregory the Great (604)
 “A capital vice is that
which has an
exceedingly desirable
end so that in his
desire for it a man goes
on to the commission
of many sins all of
which are said to
originate in that vice as
their chief source.”

St. Thomas Aquinas

 PRIDE OR VAINGLORY
 inordinate desire of honor and
distinction and independence.
 it is opposed to the virtue of humility
 AVARICE OR GREED

 The inordinate pursuit of material

goods desiring what belongs to others,
leading to dishonesty, stealing, and
injustice.
 it is contrary to the virtues of
liberality, equity and charity
 ENVY

 is discontent over the good of

one’s neighbor, which is
considered detrimental to one’s
own person.
 it is opposed to brotherliness and
magnanimity
 LUST

 The inordinate craving for sexual

gratification

 Opposed to the virtue of chastity

 GLUTTONY

 excessive enjoyment of food

and drink

 opposed to temperance and

sobriety
 ANGER

 the intemperate outburst of

dislike with the inordinate desire
for another’s punishment
 Opposed to patience and
meekness
 SLOTH

 Laziness in wider sense

 In a narrow sense, it means religious
spiritual sloth, a turning away
from spiritual things because of the effort
which they require
 NEW CAPITAL SINS
(Vatican II)
seven NEW capital sins.
1. Polluting
2. Genetic
engineering
3. Obscene riches
4. Taking drugs
5. Abortion
6. Pedophilia
7. Causing social
injustice
“The sin of the century
is the loss of the sense
of sin”

(Pius XII)
Certain Trends That Contribute to the
Decline of this Basic Sense
of Sin (CFC 765)
- from seeing sin everywhere
to not recognizing it anywhere
- from stressing the fear of hell
to preaching a love of God that
excludes any punishment
due to sin
8. EFFECTS OF SIN

IT WOUNDS IT INJURES MAN IS

THE NATURE HUMAN DEPRIVED
OF MAN SOLIDARITY OF THE
GLORY OF
IMAGE OF
GOD