Explanation of the jar test

The test was prepared by using "Jar test" device, where have been add equal amounts of
water in five special jars of one liter size. The test included the addition of coagulants in
different concentrations ( 5-15-20-25-30 ) and these coagulants are aluminum sulfate
Al2(SO4)3.14H2O (ALUM) and ferric chloride Fecl3 .
At the beginning, the alum was add to the water sample whose turbidity content was 200
UNT. And initially, the rapid mixing was used with velocity of 350 revolution per minute
(rpm) . the rapid mixing assist to make a good mixing between the water and the coagulant
with constant PH. Then, we reduce the velocity (slow velocity) until the formation of flocc is
begin and for a period of time. Then, we shut off the device in order to make the
sedimentation process takes place for (15-20) minute. After that, the turbidity for each jar
has been read.
This process has been repeated twice with velocity of (150-250) rpm with constant each of
PH and the slow velocity and using the alum coagulant.
Then, the slow mixing has been used with velocity of (45-55-60) rpm with constant the best
rapid mixing which was 150 rpm and constant the PH for a period of time and the turbidity
has been read for each velocity and each jar.
After that, the value of PH has been changed to find out the extent of the effect of PH on
the used coagulant with constant each of the rapid and slow mixing and also by using the
alum coagulant. Then, the turbidity has been read for each level of PH.
The whole above process has been repeated by using Fecl3 coagulant.