Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Inventive Communication and Computational Technologies (ICICCT 2018)
IEEE Xplore Compliant - Part Number: CFP18BAC-ART; ISBN:978-1-5386-1974-2
A Personal Healthcare IoT System model using
Raspberry Pi 3
Soumya Yattinahalli
Department of Computer Science
Siddaganga Institute of Technology
Tumkur, India
soumyayattinahalli@gmail.com
Abstract— Information and communication technologies are
growing rapidly with the emergence of new technology called
Internet of things (IoT). Communication network helps IoT
devices to connect physically. Various devices in IoT systems
interacts with each other and share information directly and can
be sent to cloud, this will collect, record and analyze information
more quickly and accurately. Internet of Things and Cloud
Computing can be bought together to improve the performance
capabilities and utilization of resources. Security challenges such
as Authentication, confidentiality, Privacy, Trust, Integrity are
analyzed these will affect the IoT performance, so various
algorithms are used to overcome security issues. Trust within IoT
devices plays a vital role in Health IoT systems. This paper
describes about the novel proposed Healthcare IoT system model,
aims at providing the information of current health status of the
patient. The technology helps him to get an immediate response
about nearby hospitals and availability of physicians using
Raspberry Pi 3. The paper provides solution to the particular
patient using technology when he/she enters into the worst
location because of some unavoidable situations even though
patient knows that the particular location has worst condition
which is not suitable for his/her health condition.
Keywords— Internet of things (IoT); trust based decision
making protocol; trust; Cloud Computing; Raspberry Pi 3.
I. INTRODUCTION
II. INTRODUCTION (HEADING 1)
IoT is the big buzzword in today’s world. Surrounding
environmental things are connected to this technology through
internet. [1]Global healthcare sector is estimated to stream about 410
billion dollar IoT devices, services and software’s in 2022. Internet of
things is used in many areas such as smart city, smart home, smart
agriculture, smart industry, smart power system, smart healthcare
system etc. Services was offered by the cloud that can be accessed
anywhere with the help of internet connection across the
globe. An IoT device captures real time data and analyses
information and thus provides an interdependent environment
to be shared with stakeholders. IoT has various application
domains such as Smart home, smart city, Smart wearable’s,
Smart health system etc. All these applications collect
respective information and collects in cloud. The combination
of Cloud Computing and IoT enhances the performance and
gives a reliable result in short period of time [2].
Cloud Computing enables ubiquitous access to shared
resources such as servers, storage systems, applications,
services etc. It allows users with various capabilities to store
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R M Savithramma
Assistant professor, Department of Computer Science
Siddaganga Institute of Technology
Tumkur, India
savirmrl@yahoo.com
and analyze data, thus making the system more efficient and
reliable.
Some IoT applications are briefly discussed below:
Smart city is one of the IoT applications, used to create
modern infrastructure and to provide the best facilities for
their citizens. Some IoT applications for smart city are Water
level monitoring, Smart parking, Waste and garbage
management, Transportation system, Smart traffic
management etc. IoT application in Smart home makes it
possible to regulate the lighting, heating and various home
appliances in our home. Sensors are able to control devices
and measures temperature, e.g. when an object overheats then
a sensor measures this temperature and sounds an alarm.
In Smart agriculture connected devices, and
communication networks even in the remotest areas have
brought in new hope for the agricultural sector. With IoT
technology big and small land cultivators have the advantage
of 24/7 visibility into crop and soil condition, machinery in use,
energy consumption, stocks and stores, and storage conditions
level.
Health IoT is one of the applications of IoT. The goal of
the health IoT system is to provide the most convenient
information about body health conditions to the respective
members (like patients, hospitals, ambulance, patient’s
caregiver etc.). Many IoT devices are connected each other
and they interact with each other to improve the patient’s
quality of care. This includes or incorporates many
technologies or tools for effective outcome of the results.
Sensors plays a major role in collecting surrounding
environmental data [3] and these enables many challenges in
IoT systems like data storage, trust issues, object identifying
and naming management, security and privacy, hardware
challenge, data confidentiality and integrity, ensuring green
IoT. Internet of things has many advantages in various areas
but it faces many issues in privacy, confidentiality, integrity,
trust. IoT is all about monitoring real time data. Nowadays all
are willing to get information in the tip of their fingers to ease
their lives and to save time, but patients wants real time
updates to save their lives.
III. RELATED WORK
In this survey of related work it’s going to tell how
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 Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Inventive Communication and Computational Technologies (ICICCT 2018)
IEEE Xplore Compliant - Part Number: CFP18BAC-ART; ISBN:978-1-5386-1974-2
different health IoT system models are going to help their
respective patients which are in need.
A mobile healthcare project called MobiCare [4] was
designed by Chakravorthy; this Mobicare continuously
facilitates the patient by monitoring patient physiological
status. This paper addresses security issues in MobiCare, but
only addressing is not sufficient for real-time healthcare
applications. And also there are many security issues such as
anonymity and so on have not yet mentioned in MobiCare
system.
In 2016, M.K.Kim, H.T.Jung, S.D.Kim and H.J.La [5]
developed a toilet based healthcare system here medical IoT
devices emerges and it becomes feasible to collect and analyze
medical data to assess health condition. It mainly includes
measuring health data from the devices, storing them and
computing. It presents some challenges like device
heterogeneity, overcoming resources constraints, concerning
and reasonable set of health indicators etc. The UI design of
the system tells the people’s health status can be easily tracked
and this system model was used as a reference model for
various healthcare systems developing.
P.Gope and T.Hwang [6] proposed a modern healthcare
system using BSN system model. This system model aim is to
describe the privacy and security problems in healthcare IoT
applications using BSN (Body sensor network. This
architecture contains sensors (wearable/implantable), these
sensors monitors human body as well as surrounding
environment. This overall architecture integrates or contains
bio sensors, LPU (local processing unit), physicians, BSN
server, family members, and also emergency unit of healthcare
center which are nearby. The BSN server contains information
about patient’s health, it processes and analyses the data and
informs to nearby local physicians and family members when
patient get into worse condition. This system model also
concerns about data security and network security by
proposing lightening homomorphism authentication protocol.
This architecture doesn’t help patient in an effective manner, it
doesn’t updates any available nearby physicians and hospitals
instead it tells only about nearby hospitals, thus this problem
can be solved in this paper.
H.A.Hamadi and I.G.Chen proposed trust based decision
system model [7] which contains several sensors, IoT cloud,
IoT members (IoT cloud community). Members join this
community with their own interest to save their lives, these
sensors communicate with each other and share their
particular location information and this information stored in
IoT cloud. It analysis the data and answers to the patient’s
queries. This location based IoT system helps the patients to
enter particular location. This system model safeguards the
pollutant sensitive patient’s health by sharing and guiding
about location condition, prior knowledge of the environment
safeguards the patient. They have developed the trust
computation protocol for health IoT systems to access the
reliability trust of individual IoT devices. So that collective
knowledge base can be gained to rate the environment at a
particular time and location.
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All the above mentioned system model tells about the
particular location condition when he/she queries to the cloud
but this information is not that much helpful or effective if that
person wants to go to that location by ignoring all the worst
conditions of that location which is not suitable for him. This
paper considers the condition when the person enters the
location where he/she may get through worse condition.
Patient wants live information about the nearby hospitals
and availability of physicians in that hospital within a fraction
of second using the technology instead of caregiver. So that
patient can take care of his own health because at that time the
caregiver may be so far from the patient’s current location so
that he/she couldn’t reach the patient in time, this type of
situations can be easily handled by patient itself without
depending on anyone. In this busy era technology helps
him/her to save his life without relying in anyone.
IV. PROPOSED WORK
Environmental things are connected to the internet through
internet of Things (IoT) technology; this makes the great
technical revolution in present world. IoT has so many
applications like smart parking, smart city, smart home etc.
Health IoT system is one among them. Sensors acquire
information from human body and reduce the human error.
Health IoT system monitors patients health status by
continuously sending real time patient health condition to the
cloud and cloud stores the patients information in its server.
Patents parameters are sent to gateway (e.g. smart phone)
through medical devices. The goal of the health IoT system is
to provide most convenient information to the respective
members. Trust Based Decision Making for Health IoT
Systems [7] provides its members the most trustworthy
information to make decisions resulting in most reliable
outcome with regards of their health. They have developed the
trust computation protocol to access the reliability trust of
individual IoT devices. So that collective knowledge base can
be built to rate the environment at a particular location and
time. The system tells about the particular place condition
when the person queries to the cloud but this is not that much
helpful or effective if that patient wants to go to that location
by ignoring all the conditions of that location where he/she
may get through worse condition.
This paper addresses the issues by proposing the solution
using Raspberry Pi 3 to help the particular patient based on
location by intimating him the nearby hospital information and
availability of physicians in that hospital, nearby hospitals
location can be calculated by using Euclidean distance
equation and these information can be displayed to the patient
by using Raspberry pi 3.
The technology itself provides live information to the
patient within a fraction of second instead of relying on any
caregiver.
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 Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Inventive Communication and Computational Technologies (ICICCT 2018)
IEEE Xplore Compliant - Part Number: CFP18BAC-ART; ISBN:978-1-5386-1974-2

V. SYSTEM MODEL

This healthcare IoT system model can be explained in

following steps-

1) Updation of cloud data.

2) Get location information.
3) Patient enters the particular location.
4) Update patient information to the cloud server
dynamically.
Technology intimates nearby hospitals information and
availability of physicians to the patient.

All the above mentioned 5 steps can be explained by using

Fig.1

1. Updation of cloud data:

Interested patients will join the cloud healthcare

community to take care of themselves. Each member
equipped with sensors either wearable or implantable, these
sensors extracts the patients information and surrounding H- Hospitals
environment conditions (e.g. Noisy data, polluted air
molecules, Carbon oxide, HC, etc.) and send to the cloud
periodically. Many security mechanisms are embedded in
cloud.
3. Update patient information to the cloud server
periodically using raspberry pi3:
2. Get location information:

Each IoT member of the cloud community share their
location or environment information to each other but they
won’t share their personal information. If a person wants to go
to particular location but he wants the knowledge about that
location before he get into that location to safeguard
personally, so for this purpose he queries to the cloud to get
that particular location condition based on this information
patient decides whether that condition suits him or not.
3. Patient enters particular location
Primarily the doctor checks the patients’ health
condition and his fitness, foremost information about
particular patient of health IoT system can be updated by the
doctors. Cloud processes and analyses this data and answers to
the patients query whether to enter that location or not. On this
basis patients enters the location or he may not enter that
location if it is not reliable to him. But in some conditions it is
more important for the patient to enter that location so he
ignores all conditions of the location and he enters to the
location. Here he may get into some critical health condition.
FIG. 1 HEALTHCARE IOT ARCHITECTURE
Raspberry Pi 3 is a device connected with sensors,
which are on human bodies, and this hardware device is
connected wirelessly with software systems. Raspberry Pi 3
provides an occasional price platform for interconnecting
electrical/electronic devices and numerous sensors in an
exceedingly environment via the net network. It contains of a
2 approach communication wherever electricity and
knowledge is changed by the buyer and utility to maximize
potency. When all sensors, hardware devices and software are
connected together the sensor senses human body condition
and fluctuations in patient’s body with the help of patient’s
health parameters and sends data to server, after that data are
compared with previously stored values in the system and
provides good suggestions to patients when abnormalities
occur in patient’s body.
Here comes the combination of Raspberry Pi 3 and IoT
technology. Knowingly the patient enters the worst
environment because of some critical matters by ignoring his
entire personal healthcare at that time the combination of these
two helps him a lot. Cloud server primarily contents all the
information about hospitals and physicians availability can be
periodically updated by the hospital management by using
distance equation (Euclidean distance equation) the device
itself finds nearby hospitals and displays to the patient using
raspberry pi3. It reduces the patient’s precious time to Google
hospitals and get into it.

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 Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Inventive Communication and Computational Technologies (ICICCT 2018)
IEEE Xplore Compliant - Part Number: CFP18BAC-ART; ISBN:978-1-5386-1974-2
4. Technology intimates nearby hospitals information
using Euclidean distance formula and availability of
physicians to the patient:
E(r, s) = ((r1-s1)2 + (r2-s2)2 + ……… + (rn-sn) 2)1/2 (1)
In the above equation (r1,s1) and (r2,s2) are the distance
between points. We can calculate up to n points using this
Euclidean formula [9].
Raspberry pi3 is the major device in the continued system
model, all other devices like sensors of the body, IoT sensors
are connected to it and it contains all hospitals information in
its SQL database and availability of physicians in particular
hospitals can be periodically updated by hospital management.
Using all these information when the technology detects that
patient is going to worst condition then by using distance
formula (equation.1) the Raspberry Pi 3 software itself finds
nearby hospitals information and physicians and displays
information to the specific patient to save his life.
Like this our system model helps the patient to safeguard
his/her life without depending on anyone in this busy era.
Fig 1. Represents the health IoT system architecture
composed of wearable and implantable sensors such as
Electrocardiogram (ECG), Electroencephalography (EMG),
blood pressure (BP) etc. All these body sensors which are
implemented on patients body collect physiological
parameters and also environmental condition further send
them to the IoT cloud (community of IoT members) through
gateways(e.g. Smart phone) for future patients use. IoT
devices access IoT cloud ubiquitously wherever a patient
wants to change his current location to some other location; he
just sends a query to the cloud to fetch information of his
entering location for his safety and to avoid risks. Doctor
primarily can evaluate patient health condition and sets
threshold for each number and stores it in the cloud. Variable
parameters are used [7] to calculate trust score, risk
classification, decision making, and probability of health loss.
Cloud analyses and evaluates the patients present health
condition with that requested location condition and intimates
the patient or reply to the patient query whether that place
suits him or not. Whenever the patient feel uneasiness because
of worst environmental condition then the IoT technology
sends message to doctor and send message to caregiver. In this
particular case the patient should depend upon some other
person to come to him and should take him to the hospital, this
may result in his death but this should not happen. So the
figure continues further when the patient enters into particular
place then the sensors of his body collects real time
information and periodically updates to client server
(Raspberry Pi3) here it processes and analyses the data. Prior
knowledge of all the hospital information and availability of
physicians should be dynamically updated to the cloud server
and nearby hospital can be calculated by Euclidean distance
equation and physician’s presence in each hospital can be
displayed to the patient through Raspberry pi 3. In the world
patient health status can be monitored anywhere using laptops,
tablets etc. by using IP addresses.
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VI. COMPARITIVE ANALYSIS
Above mentioned related work papers only considers
patient health parameters and monitors them and IoT
technology sends alert message to doctors and sends SMS to
patient caregiver when patient enters worst condition. It won’t
updates any nearby hospitals and doctors but this can be done
in this paper and explained using system model architecture.
All the hospitals information and doctors availability can be
periodically updated and stored in local server. Raspberry pi 3
[8] is used and it is of low cost and displays more efficient real
time updates to patients. Raspberry Pi3 works as a server and
is more cost-effective than a normal server. Euclidean distance
formula [10] represents the distance between two points.
Hence it represents physical distance between two points.
Over all this paper system architecture provides information
about how patient can save his life without depending on
anyone to come to him and take care of him when he is in
worst health condition because everyone has their own life and
no one cares much to anyone as his own problem so this IoT
technology helps patient to save his life by updating
continuously.
VII. CONCLUSION
This paper considers the proposed Health IoT system
model, analyses and describes how technology helps the
patients to save his life when they ignores the particular
location information send by the cloud server and enters that
location in some unavoidable situations though they know that
particular environmental location condition may ruin their
health. The system model contains sensors, servers, gateway
devices, physician’s availability, and hospital details to help
the Health IoT community patient. Cloud analysis data and
answers to patients’ queries, this location based system helps
patients to enter their location and safeguards pollutant
sensitive patient by sharing and guiding nearby hospitals and
physician details of that hospital. A patient alone gets the live
information about nearby hospitals and availability of
physicians with the help of Raspberry Pi 3. By using the
proposed system can obtain the maximum execution capacity
in minimum time. So that patients can save their life without
relying on anyone to come and save his life in this busy era.
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 Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Inventive Communication and Computational Technologies (ICICCT 2018)
IEEE Xplore Compliant - Part Number: CFP18BAC-ART; ISBN:978-1-5386-1974-2

[4] “A mobile healthcare project called MobiCare,” by Chakravorthy.

[5] M.K. Kim, H.T.Jung, S.D.Kim and H.J.La, “A personal Health Index
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[6] P. Gope and T. Hwang, “A secure IoT-Based Modern Healthcare

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[10] “A research of calculating the shortest distance in Euclidean network”

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