Jordan university of science

&technology
Mechanical Engineering Department

INSTRUMENTATION AND DYNAMIC

SYSTEMS
Instructor: ENG. Mohammad AL Othman

TA: Eng. Mohammad Alsalahat

Student Name:
114738 ‫ﺑﺷﯾر اﻟﻧﻌﯾم‬
Section: 5
Experiment Name:
Lateral vibration of beam

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Abstract
This experiment about the vibrations of a beam, which there is an
unbalanced disk, attached on it. We will study vibration on the beam for
fine resonance frequency and Study how can we reduce vibration on
system and make the system as stable as possible & See the resonance
effect.

We concluded that with existence of a mass, spring and a damper the

system behave better under force

Introduction
Vibration is a mechanical phenomenon whereby oscillations occur about an
equilibrium point.

Vibration is undesirable, wasting energy and creating unwanted sound. For

example, the vibrational motions of engines, electric motors, or any
mechanical device in operation are typically unwanted.

Vibration is undesirable in many domains, primarily engineered systems

and habitable spaces, and methods have been developed to prevent the
transfer of vibration to such systems. Vibrations propagate via mechanical
waves and certain mechanical linkages conduct vibrations more efficiently
than others do. Passive vibration isolation makes use of materials and
mechanical linkages that absorb and damp these mechanical waves. Active
vibration isolation involves sensors and actuators that produce destructive
interference that cancels-out incoming vibration

In many cases, however, Vibration can be desirable: for example, Medical

uses, but in our work is not desirable,

In this experiment we will work to reduce vibration in the system and move
away from Resonance and make the system as stable as possible

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Resonance is a definition of the equality of both the frequency of the
driving force with the natural frequency of the system (Worst case
scenario (maximum amount of deflection))

Natural frequency is the frequency at which a system tends to oscillate in

the absence of any driving or damping force.

There are many ways to reduce vibration or keep away from Resonance

The most important is Vibration Isolator and Vibration Absorber

Vibration Isolator a system consists of a mass, spring and a damper in

added to the original system, the process of isolating an object, such as a
piece of equipment, from the source of vibrations by converting this
vibrating energy into heat in the damper.

Vibration Absorber This system consists of a mass-spring system added to

the original system, and the function of such system is to absorb the
excitation of the external forcing vibration.

Equipment and instrumentations:

• Simple supported beam (system)

• Rotor with unbalanced rotating shaft.
• Vibration absorber system and Vibration Isolator

Procedures
• Suspend the system as shown in figure
• Change the motor frequency
• use the oscilloscope reads response amplitude before and after
Resonance
• Shut down the motor
• suspend the absorber system
• Turn the motor on.
• use the oscilloscope reads response amplitude before and after
Resonance

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Data and Calculations:
Free Absorber Isolator

Fr (Hz) Signal Fr (Hz) Signal Fr (Hz) Signal

(x) Amplitude (y) Amplitude Amplitude
14.3 20
15.2 26 12.2 20
16.7 80
16.9 60 13.5 52
17.9 122
19.1 505 17.5 88 14.5 88

20 660 18.2 120

15 102
21.2 950
19.1 232
15.9 323
22.4 1026 19.6 603
16.7 556
23 1000 20.1 856
17.0 609
23.6 955 20.5 1006 17.8 415
24.2 820 21.9 560 18.6 201
24.9 230
23 302 20 96

24.9 80 20.9 65

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-System without Vibration Absorber

ω
Frequency
AMPLITUDE ( 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟/𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠)
(Hz)

20 14.3 89.88571429

80 16.7 104.9714286

122 17.9 112.5142857

505 19.1 120.0571429

660 20 125.7142857

950 21.2 133.2571429

1026 22.4 140.8

1000 23 144.5714286
955 23.6 148.3428571

820 24.2 152.1142857

Lateral Vibration of Beams

8
7
6
5
4
Lateral Vibration of Beams
3
2
1
0
0 50 100 150 200

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Experimentally the Resonance equal 1026 at w=140.8 RAD /SEC

Theoretically
3∗𝐸𝐸∗𝐼𝐼
Calculate effective stiffness 𝑘𝑘 =
𝐿𝐿3

Then calculate natural frequency 𝜔𝜔 = �𝑘𝑘/𝑚𝑚

(No data about w,E,L,m)

-System added Vibration Absorber

Frequency AMPLITUDE
𝝎𝝎( rad/sec)
(Hz)
95.54285714 15.2 26
106.2285714 16.9 60
110 17.5 88
114.4 18.2 120
120.0571429 19.1 232
123.2 19.6 603
126.3428571 20.1 856
128.8571429 20.5 1006
137.6571429 21.9 560
144.5714286 23 302
156.5142857 24.9 80

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 Lateral Vibration of Beams (absorber)
1.2
1
0.8
0.6
Lateral Vibration of Beams
0.4
0.2
0
0 50 100 150 200

Experimentally the Resonance equal 1006 at w=128.8571429

𝑡𝑡3
3∗𝐸𝐸∗𝐼𝐼 3∗𝐸𝐸∗𝑤𝑤∗
effective stiffness 𝑘𝑘 = ∗2= 12
∗2
𝐿𝐿3 𝐿𝐿3

Then calculate natural frequency 𝜔𝜔 = �𝑘𝑘/𝑚𝑚(𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡)

m(total)=m(sys)+m(effective for Absorber)

(no data about w,E,L,m)

System added Vibration isolator

Amplitude Fr (Hz) Ꙍ(rad/s)

20 12.2 76.68571429
52 13.5 84.85714286
88 14.5 91.14285714
102 15 94.28571429
323 15.9 99.94285714
556 16.7 104.9714286
609 17 106.8571429
415 17.8 111.8857143
201 18.6 116.9142857
96 20 125.7142857
65 20.9 131.3714286
Experimentally the Resonance equal 609at w=106.8571429

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Comparison between System without Vibration Absorber and System
added Vibration Absorber:-

add absorber 4
without absorber
3

0
0 50 100 150 200

We notice the shift of the Wn value with the existence of the absorber

Also, the maximum deflection drops significantly.

Conclusion:
Resonance is the worst thing that can happen in a vibrating system, this
happens when the natural frequency of the system equal the driving force
frequency.

At resonance, maximum deflection of the system occurs.

A system with a vibration absorber causes the frequency at which the

system reach resonance shift to the left on the plot (lower frequency).

With an isolator, the system behaves more efficiently, but a problem exists
with the heat generated from the damper.

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