PPN 2018 - Clase 19 - Calderas Parte 3 PDF

Plantas
Propulsoras
Navales
Curso 2018
Clase 19: Calderas de Vapor
Ing. Eduardo Vázquez
Caldera Tipo D - Babcock & Wilcox
Caldera Tipo M - Babcock & Wilcox
Two-drum, single furnace boiler with
horinzontal superheater
Two-furnace, single-uptake superheat boiler
Single-pass sectional header boiler with
water-cooled furnace
Two-drum, top fired boiler with vertical
superheater and economizer
Desobrecalentador Externo Tipo Spray
Dispositivos para Separación de Vapor
Sección a través del Domo de Vapor
Dispositivos para Separación de Vapor
Sección a través del Domo de Vapor
Eckrohr Kessel Boilers
1. Unheated downcomers
2. Header
3. Mixture tubes
4. Riser tubes (evaporator)
5. Overflow tubes
6. Unheated drum
7. Unheated downcomers
The water-steam mixture flows upwards through the riser tubes (4).
In the upper mixture tube (3) steam is already separated from water
and a part of the water flows through unheated return tubes (1) to the
header (2). The separated steam flows through the overflow tube (5)
to the steam space of the drum (6). The remaining mixture runs
through mixture tube (3) into the drum. The final separation of water
and steam takes place in the drum, the water flows through the
downcomers (7) to the headers (2).
•These ERK marine boilers are

designed to install on a tanker, which
is used as utilities providing station for
an offshore platform.
•Eckrohr Boilers are available as
auxiliary boilers operating on oil or
waste heat from the diesel engine.
•The weight of Eckrohr marine boilers
is significantly low. The support
structure on the ship is simple.
•The Eckrohr Boiler configuration is
particularly suited to marine duty as
the water circulation is tolerant of high
roll angles and will maintain safe
water circulation at high inclination
angles.
•More than 600 Eckrohr boilers
have been built.
This ship is a mobile marine oil-pumping platform and the three Eckrohr
boilers, with there yellow funnels, are used to generate steam for a
steam-turbine that generates power for driving oil pumps. The boilers
are normally crude oil fired but they can also be fired on gas.
Combustion Engineering V2M8 Boiler
V2M8 Boiler whose major design

features are the gastight waterwall
furnace and the vertical in-line inverted
U-loop superheater.
The marine boiler shown is top-fired
with resulting improved gas distribution
over the entire superheater furnace.
Both the main-bank tubes and
superheater elements are in-line for
improved tube cleaning. Normally,
soot-blowing equipment includes
retractable blowers in the superheater
and rotary blowers in the main bank
and economizer.
The combustion air preheater, on the
top of the steam boiler, heats the inlet
combustion air to the burners by
means of the flue cases and improves
the efficiency of the boiler.
V2M8 boiler, water and steam

flow diagram
Blue: the downcomers lead the
water from the steam drum to
the water drum and the
waterwalls headers.
Red and blue: the evaporation
tubes and the water walls lead
the water and steam emulsion
back to the steam drum.
Red: the steam passes through
the superheater before it leaves
the boiler for the consumers.
One large V2M8 boiler is

installed in a ship at a
shipyard and another marine
boiler is still suspended in the
crane-hook.
When the marine boilers are
placed and secured then the
engine room will be built
around them.
The hole in the floor just
astern of the marine boilers
will be the place for the
propulsion steam turbine.
The Combustion Engineering marine
boiler V2M9 cutaway view.
By locating fixed points of support at
approximately midheight of the boiler,
expansion of the lower portion of the
boiler is downward and expansion of the
upper portion of the boiler is upward.
This arrangement results in reduced
amplitudes of expansion as compared to
those which would occur if the boiler
was supported at the bottom.
In order to avoid problems of tube
vibration in the convection generating
bank, Combustion Engineering's
designers placed a limitation on the
dimensions between steam and water
drums. Many of the higher powered
ships have experienced severe vibration
problems and it is essential that the
boiler components must be designed to
avoid natural frequencies which are
within the range of low frequency
excitations.
The most outstanding feature of

the V2M9 boiler is the combustion.
The boiler is a vertical two-drum
dropped-furnace boiler. The
burners are located at each of the
four corners of the furnace and the
burners are aligned to be tangential
to a circle in the centre of the
furnace. This arrangement gives a
rotary motion to the combustion
gases within the furnace, with
improved turbulence and air/fuel
mixing. This lengthens the fuel-
particle residence time in the boiler
and allows combustion to be
completed before the gases pass
into the convection generating
bank and superheaters.
V2M9 boiler, water and

steam flow diagram.
Blue: the downcomers lead
the water from the steam
drum to the water drum
and the water walls
headers.
Red and blue: the
evaporation tubes and the
waterwalls lead the water
and steam emulsion back
to the steam drum.
Red: the steam passes
through the superheater
before it leaves the boiler
for the consumers.
Planta Propulsora del Titanic
Scotch boiler fitted with air heater
Scotch boiler

PPN 2018 - Clase 19 - Calderas Parte 3 PDF

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PPN 2018 - Clase 19 - Calderas Parte 3 PDF

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Plantas

•These ERK marine boilers are

V2M8 Boiler whose major design

V2M8 boiler, water and steam

One large V2M8 boiler is

The most outstanding feature of

V2M9 boiler, water and

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