CHAPTER IV (Cidro)

44
CHAPTER IV
PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS, AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA
Introduction
This chapter describes the analysis of data followed by a discussion of the
research findings. The findings related to the problems that guided the study.
The data gathered were presented clearly with the aid of tables, percentages,
and graphs.
The objectives of the study aims to:
 Assess the socio-economic profile of Tolosa, Leyte to generate empirical
data and baseline information on the socio-economic condition of Tolosa.
 Determine the particular areas in the municipality that show risks in the
following hazards; landslide, flood, fire, ground shaking, and rockslide.
 Plan out the appropriate planning and development of Tolosa.
This study aims to focus on the socio-economic status of Tolosa, Leyte as an
input to disaster risk resilient community. Specifically it sought to answer the
following socio-economic measures:
A. Profile of Tolosa Leyte:
a. Demography
b. Facilities
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c. Geographical Characteristics
d. Infrastructure
e. Types of Houses
B. Profile of the respondents in terms of:
a. Age
b. Educational Attainment
c. Income
d. Occupation
C. The particular areas in Tolosa that shows risks based on:
a. Fire Hazard
b. Flood Hazard
c. Ground Shaking Hazard
d. Rain-Induced Landslide Hazard
e. Storm Surge Hazard
f. Tropical Cyclone Hazard
g. Tsunami Hazard
D. What would be the appropriate engineering interventions in Tolosa,
in particular?
46
A. Profile of Tolosa, Leyte
The socio-economic profile of a municipality in terms of the profile of the
municipality, facilities, infrastructures, and types of houses.
A. a. Demography
The demography of each barangay in Tolosa includes the number of
household members below and above 18 years old.
Demography of Brgy. Burak

Male (Below 18 Yrs. Old) Male (Above 18 Yrs. Old)
Female (Below 18 Yrs. Old) Female (Above 18 Yrs. Old)
61
53
51
41
38
38
37
35
35
33
33
33
30
30
28
27
24
24
23
23
22
22
21
20
18
15
14
12
11
11
10
6
Zon e 1 Zo ne 2 Zon e 3 Zo n e 4 Zone 5 Zone 6 Zo n e 7 Zo n e 8
Figure 2. Demography of Brgy. Burak

47
Figure 3. Demography of Brgy. Canmogsay
DEMOGRAPHY OF BRGY. CANMOGSAY

42
42
40
37
36
34
34
30
29
28
27
27
26
25
25
24
22
21
21
20
20
19
19
17
16
15
15
14
Zo n e 1 Zone 2 Zone 3 Zo n e 4 Zon e 5 Zone 6 Zo n e 7

48
DEmography of brgy. cantariwis

57
53
47
44
43
42
42
40
36
35
33
27
25
24
24
21
19
19
15
13
Zone 1 Zone 2 Zo ne 3 Zo n e 4 Zo n e 5
Figure 4. Demography of Brgy. Cantariwis

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Figure 5. Demography of Brgy. Capangihan
Demography of Brgy. Capangihan

50
38
38
36
35
35
33
33
33
31
31
30
29
28
28
28
28
27
26
25
25
25
25
23
23
21
20
19
Zone 1 Zone 2 Zo n e 3 Zo n e 4 Zone 5 Zone 6 Zo n e 7

50
Figure 6. Demography of Brgy. Doña Brigida
Demography of Brgy. Doña brigida
137
121
115
113
109
102
98
96
95
94
91
91
86
82
80
78
77
73
73
71
67
59
52
46
39
38
34
27
Zo ne 1 Zo n e 2 Zon e 3 Zone 4 Zo n e 5 Zon e 6 Zo ne 7

51
Figure 7. Demography of Brgy. Imelda
Demography of Brgy. imelda

41
32
31
25
23
23
22
20
20
19
18
18
18
17
16
16
15
15
15
14
14
14
13
13
13
12
12
12
11
11
10
10
Zo n e 1 Zone 2 Zone 3 Zo n e 4 Zon e 5 Zone 6 Zo ne 7 Zo n e 8
52
Figure 8. Demography of Brgy. Malbog
Demography of Brgy. malbog

210
170
161
155
153
145
142
117
110
103
102
88
Zo n e 1 Zo n e 2 Zone 3
53
Figure 9. Demography of Brgy. Olot
demography of brgy. olot

68
66
64
61
59
59
57
57
52
51
50
49
47
41
40
35
33
32
31
30
29
25
23
23
21
18
16
14
Zone 1 Zone 2 Zo n e 3 Zo n e 4 Zone 5 Zone 6 Zo n e 7
Figure 10. Demography of Brgy. Opong

54
demography of brgy. opong

145
119
118
110
107
100
95
91
86
84
82
80
77
73
68
67
67
64
60
59
57
57
54
53
43
41
36
17
Zo ne 1 Zo n e 2 Zo ne 3 A Zo n e 3 B Zo n e 4 Zon e 5 Zone 6
55
d e m o g ra p h y o f b rg y . p o b la c io n
71
68
64
62
59
58
56
55
55
54
51
51
40
35
34
33
31
31
31
30
28
28
27
26
25
24
21
21
Zon e 1 Zone 2 Zo n e 3 Zo n e 4 Zone 5 Zo ne 6 Zo n e 7
Figure 11. Demography of Brgy. Poblacion
d e m o g ra p h y o f b rg y . q u ila o
71
69
67
66
62
62
60
59
58
56
55
53
51
50
49
49
48
47
43
42
41
40
38
36
35
35
33
29
29
25
25
20
Zo n e 1 Zo n e 2 Zon e 3 Zone 4 Zo ne 5 Zo n e 6 Zo n e 7 Zon e 8
Figure 12. Demography of Brgy. Quilao

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Figure 13. Demography of Brgy. San Roque
demography of brgy. san roque

182
174
170
160
157
149
147
147
134
128
126
121
119
115
114
114
111
105
100
98
97
92
88
87
83
79
78
77
75
65
62
54
Zo n e 1 Zo n e 2 Zone 3 Zo ne 4 Zo n e 5 Zone 6 Zo ne 7 Zone 8
57
Figure 14. Demography of Brgy. San Vicente
DEMOGRAPHY OF BRGY. SAN VICENTE

65
63
60
60
59
59
58
57
56
50
45
44
44
44
43
43
42
42
41
41
41
40
40
37
35
33
27
23
Zon e 1 Zone 2 Zo n e 3 Zo n e 4 Zone 5 Zo ne 6 Zo n e 7
Figure 15. Demography of Brgy. Tanghas

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Demography of Brgy. Tanghas

174
170
138
134
115
100
64
62
56
54
51
49
41
35
32
31
Zone 1 Zo n e 2 Zo ne 3 Zone 4
59
Demography of Brgy. TELEGRAFO

184
93
88
83
73
68
68
66
65
64
59
58
57
57
56
55
51
50
48
47
46
46
46
45
45
45
43
41
38
38
36
35
35
35
34
34
32
31
30
27
27
26
25
24
22
21
20
20
20
17
15
13
Zo n e 1 Zo n e 2 Zo n e 3 Zo n e 4 Zo ne 5 Zo n e 6 Zon e 7 Zo n e 8 Zo ne Zon e Zone Zo n e Zo n e

9A 9B 10 11 12
Figure 16. Demography of Brgy. Telegrafo
Table 2. Demography
K Total Total Total Total No. Total No. Total

K No. of No. of No. of of Male of Female No. of
Barangay Male Female Populati (above (above 18 Populati
(below (below on 18 years years old) on
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18 18 (below old) (above

years years 18 years 18 years
old) old) old) old)
Burak 167 198 365 273 257 530
Canmogsay 133 162 295 258 205 463
Cantariwis 130 106 236 215 224 439
Capangiha 253 199 452
205 182
n 387
Doña 596 595 1191
578 491
Brigida 1069
Imelda 106 173 279 119 189 308
Malbog 473 411 884 413 375 788
Olot 254 158 412 327 427 754
Opong 397 451 848 614 656 1270
Poblacion 196 203 399 417 361 778
Quilao 320 276 596 447 480 927
San Roque 718 641 1359 1108 1149 2257
San 375 359 734
285 281
Vicente 566
Tanghas 258 222 480 423 411 834
Telegrafo 754 500 1254 796 630 1426
TOTAL 8971 TOTAL 13151
As shown in Table 2, a total of about eight thousand nine hundred and
seventy one (8971) occupants of the 15 barangays are male and female that has
are classified as 18 years old below. The following are the total number of
population ageing 18 years old and below, Brgy. Burak with almost 365, Brgy.
Canmogsay has about 295, Brgy, Cantariwis is most likely to have 236, Brgy.
Capangihan has 387 in totality, Brgy. Doña Brigida with almost 1069, Brgy.
Imelda with nearly 279 residents ageing 18 below, Brgy. Malbog with almost
884, Brgy. Olot having a total of 412, Brgy. Opong has almost 848, Brgy.
Poblacion with 399 in totality, Brgy. Quilao has 596 residents whose age are
below 18, Brgy. San Roque with the most number of occupants aged 18 below
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with a total of 1359, Brgy. San Vicente has 566, Brgy. Tanghas with almost 480,
and Brgy. Telegrafo with almost 1254 citizens ageing from 18 and below. Aside
from that, Tolosa also has occupants that are aged 19 and above. The following
barangays have their corresponding total number of residents whose age are
more likely 19 and above. Brgy. Burak has 530, Brgy. Canmogsay with 463
occupants aged 19 and above, Brgy. Cantariwis with almost 439, Brgy.
Capangihan having 452, Brgy. Doña Brigida with 1191, Brgy. Imelda has 308,
Brgy. Malbog having 788, Brgy. Olot with almost 754 residents that are age 19
and above, Brgy. Opong has 1270, Brgy. Poblacion with 778 residents aged 19
and above, Brgy. Quilao having 927, Brgy. San Roque with the highest total of
2257, Brgy. San Vicente reaching to almost 734, Brgy. Tanghas has 834, and
lastly, Brgy. Telegrafo with 1426 residents that has the age of 19 and above.
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2500
2257
2000
1426
1359
1500
1270
1254
1191
1069
927
884
848
1000
834
788
778
754
734
596
566
530
480
463
452
439
412
399
387
365
500
308
295
279
236
0
Total No. of Population (below 18 years old) Total No. of Population (above 18 years old)
Figure 17. Demography
*The figure above shows that Brgy. San Roque takes 16.3% of
the total population in Tolosa. On the other hand, the majority of the
population of Tolosa lies between the Male and Female above 18 years
and older.
Increasing disaster threats not only reflect the onset of events
such as earthquakes or floods, but also the changing demographic and
socioeconomic characteristics of the population. Implicit here
is “differential vulnerability”; that is, different populations face
different levels of risk and vulnerability. Population growth and
distribution, especially increased population density and urbanization,

63
increases vulnerability to disasters. Although the sources of
vulnerability are multiple and quite diverse, some of the most
important factors that affect vulnerability include population growth
and distribution and social diversity
A. b. Facilities
The facilities presented below include all those establishments and/or
institutions existing in Tolosa such as the Barangay Hall, Barangay Outpost,
Health Center, Day Care Center, Elementary, Secondary and Tertiary
Institutions, Drug Rehabilitation and MRF’s.
Total No. of each Percentage (%)

Facility/
Frequency
Health Center 15 13.76%
Day Center 15 13.76%
Barangay Hall 15 13.76%
SK Session hall 7 6.42%
Barangay Outpost 15 13.76%
Church/Chapel 16 14.78%
Primary School 16 14.78%
Secondary School 1 .917%
Tertiary School 1 .917%
Free Wifi and Mini Library 0 0.00%
Drug Rehabilitation Facilities 0 .0.00%
Materials Recovery Facilities 8 7.92%
Table 3. Facilities
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The list of facilities in Table 2 includes all facilities needing for a
developing municipality. Results are as follows; Health center, Day Care
Center, and Barangay Hall and Barangay Outpost, have 13.76% (15),
Church/ Chapel and Primary School both gained 114.78% (16), MRF’s, 7.92%
(8), SK Session Hall 6.42% (7), Secondary and Tertiary School have both .
917% (1), and Free Wifi and Mini Librry and Drug Rehabilitation Facilities 0%.
FACILITIES
Health Center
Day Center
Barangay Hall
SK Session hall
0%8% 14% Barangay Outpost
15% Church/Chapel
14% Elem School
Highschool
15% College
14% Free Wifi and Mini Library
14% 6% Drug Rehabilitation Facilities
Materials Recovery Facilities
Figure 18. Facilities
*The figure above shows that there are facilities that share the
same percentage which reaches up to 15%. These Facilities are
considered in every barangay including the church/chapel, health
center, and the barangay outpost. For the whole of Tolosa, it was
found out that there are highschool buildings and a university that
may help in evacuation of respondents. The facilities mentioned

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above has their own functions and uses for disasters and other
unfortunate events that may occur.
These facilities may serve as an evacuation center, storage of
goods/supplies, temporary medical facilities, and etc. during
calamities and other events that may happen. These facilities should
be safe, available, and accessible to residents all the time especially
in emergency situations.
A. c. Geographical Characteristics
The Geographical Characteristics of Tolosa includes the following;
structural map, general land use map, topographic map, slope map, soil map,
land cover map, and other existing maps.
The Structural map shows the geologic features of an area. The
identification and characterization of structural expression. Structures include
faults, folds, synclines and anticlines and lineaments including the boundaries
and fault lines of the barangay.
The general land use map establishes the overall character, extent and
location of various land uses. It shows the residential zones, commercial
zones, agricultural zone, forest zones, water zones, etc. In this map, the
researchers are able to identify the residents and the different land uses that
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are at risk and the infrastructures that are affected depending on their
location and with the aid of the other maps.
The Topographic map show many other kinds of geographic features
including roads, railroads, rivers, streams, lakes, boundaries, place or feature
names, mountains, and much more. It also shows the barangay and
municipal boundaries of Tolosa and its road network. Through these road
networks and the topographic map, the municipality will be able to determine
diversions of vehicles and other moving loads in cases of emergency and
other disasters.
Soil map shows the soil type in the different barangays. It is a geographical
representation showing diversity of soil types and/or soil properties in the
area of interest. This may also help in determining landslide prone areas due
to soil authenticity and its characteristics whether it is prone to excessive
wetness or is mostly dry.
A Slope map simultaneously shows the aspect (direction) and degree
(steepness) of slope for a terrain (or other continuous surface). The Land
Cover map shows the different natural resources in each barangay such as
coconut, bananas, corn, etc.

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Figure 19. Base Map
(Source: Tolosa CDRA)

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The municipality consists of 15 barangays, namely: Poblacion, Imelda,
Doña Brigida which are calssified as urban while, Olot, Quilao, Malbog, Burak,
Cantariwis, Canmogsay, Tanghas, Telegrafo, Opong, San Roque, Capangihan,
and San Vicente are rural barangays. Its total land area, based on the original
proclamation of Tolosa as a pueblo by virtue of a Spanish decree, is 6,500
hectares.
A survey in 1984 would chart the municipality’s area as reference for
taxation to be 2,171.5058 has. According to records, Brgy. Capangihan has the
biggest area comprising 400.7020 hectares. Barangay San Roque follows with a
land area of 225.3275 hectares. Brgy. Imelda is the smallest barangay, with an
area of 7.5074 hectares.
The town proper comprises of three (3) barangays namely Doña Brigida,
Imelda, and Poblacion which totals to 975.9776 hectares which is equivalent to
44.94 per cent to the total land area.
Human settlements are dispersed in the countryside around the poblacion.
They cluster to form the barangays. Large communities form a strip settlement
pattern along the Pan Philippine highway, on short distances of open space.
There are eight (8) coastal barangays of Olot, Poblacion, Imelda, Doña Brigida,
Tanghas, Telegrafo, Opong and San Roque. Excluding the poblacion proper
itself, they cover a total of 965.2844 hectares. (Source: CDRA Tolosa)

69
Figure 20. General Land Use Map

70
Tolosa’s total land area is 2,171.5058 has and 83.98% of it are utilized for
agricultural purposes. Only 9% of the total land area are being utilized for urban
use, to wit: 5.78% are allocated to residential areas, 1.19% by institutional and
the other smaller portions are distributed to industrial, commercial, parks and
recreation, housing, infrastructure and utilities, and agro-industrial areas. There
is also a share of other land utilization for tourism with 51.0 has, and special
uses for landfill with 0.84 ha and cemetery/memorial parks with 1.17 has.
Total area of the marine waters of the municipality is 6,400 has. With
87.89 has. of inland waters which are mainly rivers and creeks that are either
delineated as protection or production areas.

71
General Land Use Map of the Barangays
Delineated in this section are existing land uses of individual barangays of
the municipality.
Figure 21. General Land Use Map of Brgy. Burak
The total land area of Barangay Burak is 53.4227 hectares, 90.30% of
which or 48.2424 hectares is used as agricultural land while the remaining area
are categorized as follows: commercial land totaling to 0.0371 hectares, 0.5507

72
hectares as institutional land, 0.0708 hectares as areas for parks and
recreational.
On the other hand, the total water area which comprises of the river and
creeks has reached to 11.1973 hectares.
Figure 22. General Land Use Map of Brgy. Canmogsay
Barangay Canmogsay is situated at the western part of the municipality
where the municipal dumpsite is located, the area allotted for agriculture is
48.8908 or 34.95% of the total land area. 80.8504 hectares or 57.79% is used
as land for rice production, 5.95% or 8.3207 hectares for residential use, 0.6288
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hectares or .45% as institutional land, 0.0505 hectares or .04% for parks and
recreational use and 1.1551 hectares or 0.83% as municipal dumpsite.
The area is undergoing clearing operation in preparation for the
construction of a Material Recovery Facility and Composting facility. The total
water bodies which are comprised of rivers and creeks is 1.5282 hectares.
Figure 23. General Land Use Map of Brgy. Cantariwis
Barangay Cantariwis has a total urban use area of 52.4966 has. broken
down as residential with 3.5140 hectares or 6.69% of the total area, .3598
hectares or .69% for institutional use, 0.09% or 0.0487 hectares for parks and
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recreational use and 0.0431 hectares or .08% land use as Agro-
Industrial/Industrial.
For Agriculture land use category, 42.5233 hectares or around 81% is
used as agricultural land and 6.0077 hectares or 11.44% as Riceland.
The total water bodies which comprises the rivers and creeks combined is
approximately 2.3429 hectares.
Figure 24. General Land Use Map of Brgy. Capangihan
Barangay Capangihan, located at far-western part of the municipality has
4 urban uses such as 2.7445 hectares or .70% is used as residential, an area of .

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7369 hectares or .19% as institutional, 0.0390 hectares or 0.01% for parks and
recreation purposes and 0.9245 hectares for socialized housing or 0.23% of the
total land area.
While the Agriculture area has 288.0768 hectares or 73.08%, 96.2216
hectares or 24.41% is used for rice production. Capangihan has an area of
5.4292 hectares as timberland, the only declared forest in the municipality, while
1.2839 hectares of water bodies are the rivers and creeks within the barangay.
Figure 25. General Land Use Map of Brgy. Doña Brigida
The total land area of Barangay Dona Brigida is 28.0797 hectares, 57.81%
of which or 16.234 hectares is cuurently used as agricultural land while the

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remaining area are categorized as follows: residential land with an area of
10.6418 hectares, commercial land totaling to 0.6203 hectares, 0.576 hectares
as institutional land, 0.0076 hectares as infrastructure and utilities. On the other
hand, the total water area which comprises the river and creeks and the
foreshore land has an area of 1.1246 hectares and 0.5734 hectares, respectively.
Figure 26. General Land Use Map of Brgy. Imelda
Barangay Imelda, has 2.4881 hectares for residential use purposes or
43.92% to the total land area, 0.3055 hectares are for commercial use which is
5.39%, an estimated of 1.4879 hectares or 26.27% is for institutional zone,
while 0.5661 hectares or 9.99% is for parks and recreational purposes. The
agricultural land of the area is 0.2194 hectares or 3.87% and 0.5161 hectares as
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for tourism use and 0.0817 hectares or around 1.44% of the total land area of
the barangay is the cemetery/ memorial parks purposes. The total water area of
the barangay is 0.0653 hectares.
Figure 27. General Land Use Map of Brgy. Malbog
Barangay Malbog is composed of 87.77% or 140.2064 hectares of
agricultural land and 9.5456 hectares or 5.98% of Riceland. For urban use
area, 6.8217 hectares as residential or 4.27%, 0.0425 hectares as commercial
which is equivalent to 0.03%, 1,845 hectares as institutional or 1.15%, 0.0374
hectares for parks and recreational use or 0.02% and 1.2496 or 0.78% as the
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area allotted for the construction of a socialized housing. 35.3155 hectares is
categorized as water bodies which are rivers and creeks traversing the barangay.
Figure 28. General Land Use Map of Brgy. Olot
Barangay Olot has 4.6587 hectares of residential area equivalent to
7.38% to the total land area, 0.0121 hectares as commercial or 0.02%, 0.3774
hectares categorized as institutional or 0.60%, 0.0338 hectares are used for
parks and recreational purposes or equivalent to 0.05% to the total barangay
land use area.
Fourteen Thousand Nine Hundred Eighty-Two (14.982) hectares or
23.73% is the existing agricultural use while, 43.0027 hectares are for tourism
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purposes including part of the Olot Mansion, the Presidential Rest House of
former President, Ferdinand Marcos. Seven Hundred Ninety (0.079) hectares or
0.13% is used as special use zone for cemetery. The total water area is 3.5889
hectares or 44.95% of the water bodies allocated the foreshore land and the
remaining 55.05% of the water area or 4.3955 hectares are the rivers and creeks
within the barangay.
Figure 29. General Land Use Map of Brgy. Opong
The existing land use of Barangay Opong are categorized as follows:
13.6049has., 0.0278has., 11.9092has., 0.7487has., 0.0461has., for residential,
commercial, industrial, institutional and parks & recreation, respectively as areas
for urban use.
On the other hand, an area of 145.7279 hectares are agricultural use zone
or 83.30% and 2.7096 for tourism use. Of the total area of water bodies, 3.2536
hectares or 62.75% is the foreshore land and 1.9314 hectares or 37.25 of the
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total water area of the barangay are the rivers and creeks dissecting the entire
barangay.
Figure 30. General Land Use Map of Brgy. Poblacion
The total land area of Barangay Poblacion is 7.2394 hectares, 65.06% of
which or 4.7096 hectares is used as residential land while 0.0066 hectares or
0.09% is for commercial use, 1.568 hectares is used as institutional, 0.0174
hectares as an area for parks and recreational purposes. On the other hand,
0.9378 hectares or 12.95% is used as agricultural land while 0.8441 hectares is
the foreshore land and 0.3612 categorized as the rivers and creeks of the
barangay.
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Figure 31. General Land Use Map of Brgy. Quilao
The existing land use of Barangay Quilao are as follows: 10.595 has.,
0.2816., 0.0639has., 0.0512has., for residential, commercial, institutional and
parks & recreation, respectively as areas for urban use. On the other hand, an
area of 45.7132 hectares is currently used as agricultural zone or 79.33%,
0.0088 hectares is used for tourism use and 0.9079 hectares used as a special
area as cemetery/memorial parks. The total water area of the barangay is
around 3.7746 hectares which comprises the rivers and creeks that are within
the barangay.
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Figure 32. General Land Use Map of Brgy. San Roque
Barangay San Roque, the most populated barangay of Tolosa, has an area
of 20.4111 hectares currently used as residential use area which is equivalent to
8.38% to the total land area of the barangay, 0.1362 hectares as commercial,
1.1526 hectares as industrial, 1.1305 hectares as institutional and 2.9311
hectares as area used for infrastructure and utilities. The area used as
agricultural land is estimated 217.3724 hectares or 89.22% of the total land area
and an estimated 0.31008 hectares is allotted for tourism purpose. 2.9165
hectares is the foreshore land while 0.8992 hectares is the water area comprises
primarily of rivers and creeks of the barangay.

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Figure 33. General Land Use Map of Brgy. San Vicente
The existing land uses of Barangay San Vicente are as follows:
4.1496has., 01.7253has., 0.0744has., 0.0512has., for residential, institutional
and parks & recreation, respectively as areas for urban use. While, for
agriculture which are subcategorized into 3, the agricultural with an area of
117.2674 hectares, cocoland with an area of 5.3026 hectares and riceland with
an area of 73.4203 hectares. The total water area of the barangay is around
0.5648 hectares which are the rivers and creeks within the barangay.
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Figure 34. General Land Use Map of Brgy. Tanghas
Barangay Tanghas has an existing residential land use estimated at
9.7364 hectares, 0.4702 hectares is commercial land use, 0.8384 hectares as
industrial, 8.8602 hectares as institutional land use, 0.0525 hectares as area for
85
parks and recreational purpose and 5.2445 hectares or as area for socialized
housing.
One hundred nineteen and 0.1204/1000 (119.1204) hectares or 23.73% is
the existing agricultural use zone while 43.0027 hectares are for tourism use
zone. The total water area of 3.2031 hectares or 24.33% of the water bodies
as foreshore land and the remaining 75.67% or 9.9646 hectares comprises the
rivers and creeks of the barangay.
Figure 35. General Land Use Map of Brgy. Telegrafo
For Barangay Telegrafo, the area allotted for agriculture is 109.9898 or
72.56% of the total land area and 20.4279 hectares or 13.48% is used as land
for rice production.

86
Fifteen point 5 thousand (15.5000) hectares is currently the residential
use zone, 0.0469 hectares is commercial, 3.3674 hectares is industrial, 2.0951
hectares as institutional, 0.0648 hectares are for parks and recreational purposes
and 0.0875 hectares are used as agro-industrial/industrial zone. The total water
area is 8.8903 hectares in which 79.93 % estimated at 7.1056 hectares is the
rivers and creeks of the barangay while the remaining 20.07% or 1.7847
hectares are the foreshore land.

87
Figure 36. Land Cover Map of Tolosa

.
88
The municipality of Tolosa, Leyte has a total land area of approximately
2,171.5058 hectares. Generally, the entire lands are classified as alienable and
disposable as per DENR record. According to law, lands that can be classified
under alienable and disposable are agricultural lands only. Since Tolosa has no
forest lands, it is reasonable that all lands can be considered A&D.

89
Figure 37. Slope Map of Tolosa

90
There are five slope classes in the municipality coded as: M, N, O, P, Q.
Class M is described as the broad area of level to nearly level land, comprising
the barangays of Poblacion, Imelda, Doña Brigida, Quilao, Tanghas, Malbog,
Burak, Cantariwis, Canmogsay and Telegrafo. Class N is described as gently
sloping and inclined to one general direction. It has the smallest area and is
found in Brgy. Capangihan. Class O is found in Brgy. Opong, Capangihan, and
San Roque.
Class P is a moderately undulating and rolling land that slopes to many
directions. They cover the second largest area, found in Barangays San Vicente,
Capangihan, Opong, and San Roque. Class Q slope includes Catmon Hill in
Barangay Capangihan, Mt. Inapusong at Barangay Olot, and some areas in
Barangays San Vicente ans San Roque. They are the slopes 18 0 above, and
should be left for timber production.
The configuration of slopes within the locality makes most of it highly
suitable for cultivation. But there are waterlogged areas in the flat lands, which
can only be released for agriculture by putting in artificial drainage systems.

91
Figure 38. Soil Map of Tolosa

92
Four soil types are to be found in the municipality. They are hydrosol,
San Miguel silt loam, Tacloban clay and Obando fine sand. Their water holding
quality ranges from poor to well drained.
The hydrosols are found in Brgys. Olot, Imelda and Poblacion. They cover
an area of 42.9696 hectares. Brgys. San Vicente and Cantariwis exhibit a San
Miguel silt loam type of soil, covering an area of approximately 6.06 percent of
the whole locality. Obando fine sand, which is the most dominant of the soil
types, is in Brgys. burak, Malbog, Quilao, Cantariwis, Canmogsay, Capangihan,
Tanghas, Opong, Telegrafo, Olot and San Vicente with a total area of more or
less 1,258.7408 hectares.
Tacloban clay cover the southern and northeastern portions of the
municipality, specifically portions of barangays Poblacion, Imelda, Doña Brigida,
Olot, San Vicente, Capangihan, Opong and San Roque.

93
Figure 40. Topographic Map of Tolosa

94
Elevation
The municipality is triangular in shape with its coastline along the Leyte
Gulf as the base. Its terrain is extensively flat. The lowland portions lie along the
northern and northeastern side. The whole landscape slopes towards south
facing the Municipality of Dulag.
Mountainous terrain straddles the municipality’s southern boundary with
Dulag along Barangay San Roque, southwest to Barangay San Vicente and to
Catmon Hill. The upland’s highest point is located at Brgy. Capangihan. Another
high point rises at the northern end. This is the legendary Mt. Inapusong at Brgy.
Olot.
Low flat lands comprise the whole coastal strip at the base of Tolosa’s
triangular territory. At some hundred meters from the shoreline, this strip is
dissected by the national highway running along a length of more than 9
kilometers. The low lying plains taper to 1,611.1837 hectares on the western
boundary. They cover 75 percent of the municipal territory. The mountainous
portions cover 25 percent.
A provincial road forks westward from a section in Brgy. Imelda, runs
through the western barangays connecting Quilao, Cantariwis, Canmogsay,
Malbog, San Vicente, Burak and Telegrafo, where it rejoins the Pan Philippine
Highway. The urban section of the municipality is in lowlands beside the coast.
Eight barangays string along the coastal strip and the national thoroughfare on a
low-level terrain. Undulations are nowhere prominent.

95
A. d. Infrastructures
Table 4. Infrastructures
INFRASTRUCTURE FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

E G F P E G F P
Roads/Highway/Streets 166 87 58 65 44.14% 23.14% 15.42% 10.10%
Parks and Recreation 94 184 136 36 21.24% 40.70% 30.08% 7.86%

Sidewalks/ Pedestrian 82 146 82 67 21.75% 38.73% 21.75% 17.77%
Safety
Storm Drainage/ 26 88 92 52 10.07% 34.10% 25% 14.13%
Sewerage
The infrastructures of the municipality was rated by the respondents as
Excellent, Good, Fair, and Poor. As for the data above, for
roads/highways/streets E 44.14% (166), G 23.14% (87), F 15.42% (58), P
10.10% (65). For parks and recreation, E 21.24% (94), G 40.70% (184), F 30.
08% (136), and P 7.86% (36). For sidewalks/ pedestrian safety, E 21.75% (82),
G 38.73% (146), F 21.75% (82), and P 17.77% (67). And lastly for drainage/
sewerage E 10.07% (26), G 34.10% (88), F 25% (92) and P 14.13% (52).
Figure 40. Infrastructures

96
inf r as tructur es
Excellent Good Fair Poor
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
Roads/Highway/Streets Parks and Recreation Sidewalks/ Pedestrian Storm Drainage/ Sewerage
Safety
*Based on the results from the data above, many residents rated
the roads and highways excellent. In contrast to this, is the storm
drainage/ sewerage had the least excellent.
Recent disasters have highlighted the vulnerability of the built
assets to natural disasters and therefore it is very much important to
focus on creating a disaster resilient built environment within
cities. When infrastructure fails during a natural disaster, it can
interrupt vital services, magnifying the need for well-functioning
systems beforehand. For example, power failures may disrupt water
supply and transport during typhoons. Damaged roads after a strong
earthquake can hamper the swift transport of people to safer areas,
provision of life-saving medicines and supplies to hospitals, and timely
distribution of emergency relief. Making infrastructure resilient to

97
natural disasters is a daunting challenge, not least because of the vast
area of coverage that includes transport, electricity, water supply and
sanitation, and buildings and other structures. Resilience refers to a
system's ability to anticipate, absorb, and recover from a hazardous
event in a timely and efficient manner.
Thus, measurement science needs to be developed to address: (a)
resilience to natural and man-made hazard events, including data
collection from disaster events, and (b) the physical and economic
performance of building and infrastructure materials that provide the
municipality’s primary defense against earthquakes, fires, floods,
windstorms, and the effects of weathering / aging.
A. e. Types of Houses
98
Table 5. Types of Houses
Types of Houses Conrete Mixed Light Makeshift

Materials
Burak 60 61 120 7
Canmogsay 32 29 112 10
Cantariwis 27 25 117 2
Capangihan 33 41 117 3
Dona Brigida 242 166 142 30
Imelda 41 130 1 5
Malbog 74 45 155 5
Olot 85 103 80 3
Opong 145 224 75 13
San Roque 432 233 102 34
San Vicente 57 77 144 0
Tanghas 89 167 64 6
Telegrafo 256 204 98 7
In Table 5, there are almost four thousand three hundred and twenty
(4320) houses of different types located in separate barangays. 18.54% or a
total of almost 1602 are occupied by Brgy. San Roque since it hast the largest
number of population, and the lowest result falls to Brgy. Cantariwis with an
average percentage of 3.96% or a total of 342 houses of different types.
Figure 41. Types of Houses

99
Types of Houses
3%
Cocnrete
29% 35% Mixed
Light Materials
Makeshift
33%
*Based on the results from table 4, 35% of the houses in Tolosa
are made up of Concrete, 35% are made up of mixed concrete and
wood/ light materials. 29% of the whole are made up from light
materials, while the remaining 3% are considered as makeshifts.
Socioeconomic status may also be associated with risks of
exposure such as when the poorest live in particularly vulnerable
areas, for instance, flood plains or when damaged caused by the
disaster depend on the quality of housing.

100
This figure also shows the capability of the house to withstand
calamities and other disastrous events and those that are able to
endure can also be considered as evacuation centers or depending on
the needed facilities.
B. Socio-economic status of Tolosa in terms of the profile of the
respondents
The socio-economic status of Tolosa in terms of the profile of the
respondents includes, age, educational attainment, income, occupation, and
gender.
B. a. Age
Table 5. Age
Age Total/ Frequency Percentage
18-24 4528 31.40%

25-34 3034 21.04%
35-44 2013 13.96%
45-54 1978 13.72%
55-64 1362 9.45%
65 or Older 1502 10.42%
The respondents’ ages shown in Table 5 includes male and female denizen from
the different barangays in Tolosa from 18-65 years and above. There are almost
4528 or 31.40% residents that ranges from the age of 18-24, 3034 or 21.04%
101
totality are ages 25-34, 2013 or 13.96% is taken up by 35-44 years old, almost
1978 or 13.72% belongs to 45-54 years of age, 1362 or 9.45% are residents
that ages from 55-64, and a total of 1502 or 10.42% residents ages 65 and
above.
Age
10% 18-24
25-34
9% 31%
35-44
45-54
14% 55-64
65 or Older
14% 21%
Figure 42. Age

102
*Based on the figure above, the highest in terms of frequency
and percentage is age’s ranges from 18-24 (31.40%), while in contrast
is 65 or older which has an average of 10.42%.
Taking into consideration the age-inclusive resilience-building,
supporting all ages are also prioritized to help the municipality build its
disaster resiliency without considering anyone a hindrance rather a
priority that needs attention. Resilience-building activities cover a wide
range of sectors, including health, gender, disaster risk reduction
(DRR), livelihoods, climate change adaptation (CCA), social protection,
peace building, and natural resource management. The resilience
building approach has been widely adopted by governments and non-
governmental organizations (NGOs), reflecting a collective recognition
of the need for an urgent and fundamental change in working with
communities and people of all age groups to promote resilience and
reduce vulnerability. The work of helping older adults become more
resilient to disasters provides an opportunity for older adults to engage
with others and learn skills needed to remain in their homes and
communities as they age. The combination of more extreme climate
events and an ageing population has the potential to increase older
people’s vulnerability to risks and disasters, especially in low- and
middle-income countries, municipalities, etc. To give just a few
examples: early warnings are not reaching people who have hearing
103
problems; bedridden people are not assisted to evacuate; and
emergency stockpiles do not contain medicines commonly used by
older people (such as for diabetics or heart disease). This report
explains that by taking some simple measures to include older people
in the planning and implementation of disaster preparedness and
response activities, the impact of disasters on older people’s lives and
livelihoods can be significantly reduced, and older people can be
supported to build more resilient livelihoods.
B. b. Educational Attainment
Table 6. Educational Attainment
Educational Level Total/Frequency Percentage

Elementary Level 232 7.73%
Elementary Graduate 311 10.36%
Highschool Level 612 20.39%
Highschool Graduate 668 22.25%
College Level 550 18.32%
104
College Graduate 628 20.96%
The educational attainment shown in the table has the total percentage
for Elementary Level, 7.73%, for Elementary Graduate, 10.36%, Highschool
Level, 20.39%, Highschool Graduate, 22.25%, College Level, 18.32%, and
College Graduate, 20..96%.
Educational Attainment
8%
21% Elementary Level
10% Elementary Graduate
Highschool Level
Highschool Graduate
College Level
20% College Graduate
18%
22%
Figure 43. Educational Attainment

105
*The figure above shows that the Highshool Graduate has the
highest percentage with 22.25%, and the Elementary Level has the
lowest percentage with almost 8%.
Regarding the figure above, citizens with a post-secondary
degree were expected to be more prepared because of exposure to
university emergency systems and because education may impact the
degree to which individuals process risk-minimizing information.
Because income and education are positively associated with disaster
preparedness improving a person's socioeconomic level could directly
or indirectly increase preparedness activities. We argue that education
in particular is a key tool to promote disaster preparedness because
highly educated individuals have better economic resources to
undertake preparedness actions, and because education may influence
cognitive elements and shape how individuals perceive and assess
risks, and how they process risk-minimizing information
The educational attainment of the residents was included in the
profiling because of the great chance that it will help the researchers in
determining who may be of assistance to the municipality regarding
their knowledge and information towards disasters, hazards, and the
risks that occurs without prior notice.

106
B. c. Income
Table 7. Income
Income Total / Frequency Percentage

P1,000 - P9,999 1324 44.34%
P10,000-P19,999 1028 34.43%
P20,000 above 411 13.76%
Others 223 7.45%
Table 7 shows the income of the respondents ranging from P 1,000-P20,000 and
above. 44.34% of this comes from the respondents having P1,000- P9,999
income 34.43% comes from P10,000- P19,999. 13.76% of this came from
respondents having an income of P20,000 and above. The remaining 7.45% for
others.
Income
P1,000 - P9,999
7% P10,000-P19,999
14% P20,000 above
44% Others
34%
Figure 44. Income

107
*The figure above shows that income ranging from P10,000-

P19,999 has the highest percentage with almost 44% coming from
farmers, fisher folks, vendors and self-employed.
Due to the calamities and other damaging events, the income of
the residents were also affected including those that were depending
on agricultural economy. In absolute terms, disaster impacts are
concentrated in larger, higher-income, hazard-exposed economies,
where there are greater concentrations of people and economic assets
in locations exposed to hazards. Disasters cannot be prevented, the
consequences—particularly in terms of fatalities and economic impacts
—tend to be much more severe in developing countries, affecting poor
and marginalized people disproportionately. Relating with the
statement above, the economy and the income of the people tend to
drawback and make the community less disaster resilient.
B. d. Occupation
Table 8. Occupation
Occupation Total/Frequency Percentage

Self-Employed 1341 44.91%
Government Employee 793 26.56%
Private Employees 425 14.23%
Farmer and Fishermen 125 4.19%
Others 302 10.11%
108
Table 8 shows that different occupations in Tolosa, Leyte. 44.91% of this
are self-employed, 26.56% of this are government employees, 14.23% comes
from the private sector, 4.19% are farmers and fishermen, and others having
10.11%.
Occupation
10% Self-Employed
4% Government Employee
Private Employees
14% 45% Farmer
Others
27%
Fi
gure 45. Occupation
The graph above shows that most of the residents are self-
employed with a percentage of almost 45%, while least of the
respondents are farmers having almost 4%.
When disasters strike, governments and aid organizations are
not always in a position to help communities immediately. There are
different types of occupation of each resident from an early age to the
oldest. These citizens can contribute to community being disaster
resilient depending upon the type of work and skills that they have.
Farmers, Agriculturists, Population with more than high school
education, Physicians, Health care support workers, Building

109
construction workers, Heavy and civil engineering construction
workers, Architecture and engineering workers, Environmental
consulting workers, Environment and conservation workers, Land
subdivision workers, Building inspectors, Landscape architects and
planners, Property and causality insurance workers, Highway, street,
and bridge construction workers, Fire fighters, prevention, and law
enforcement workers, Population employed in scientific research and
development services, Colleges, universities, and professional schools
employees, Population that speaks English language very well,
Population employed in special need transportation services,
Community and social workers. Those that were mentioned are most
likely to be some of the occupation of the citizens residing in different
barangays in Tolosa. Resilience assessments either can examine how
people use community resources to enhance resilience through social,
workplace, cultural, and other networks, or can look at how
communities themselves function. For a community to be able to label
it as disaster resilient, vulnerability should be considered by many
rather than diversity.

110
C. Hazard Maps
Figure 46. Fire Hazard Map

111
112
Figure 47. Flood Hazard Map

113
114
Flooding occur two to three times a year which could last from two to
three days in some areas. All 15 barangays of the municipality are
categorized to be highly exposed to flooding. As the table below shows,
seven (7) barangays are observed to be very high in flood exposure due to its
proximity to the coastline. This situation can be experienced through a
possible occurrence of a storm surge and similar instances during a storm or
cyclone. Also, inland barangays San Vicente, Cantariwis and Canmogsay
suffer flooding due to the overflowing of Guinarona River during continuous,
heavy rainfall. Of the 15 barangays of Tolosa, 8 were categorized from
moderate, high to very high, 7 were categorized as low to moderate.

115
Figure 48. Ground Shaking Hazard Map

116
According to PHIVOLCS, during a strong earthquake, all 15 barangays
of the municipality are possible to experience the maximum PEIS at intensity
VII impact of ground shaking, from the coast to the mountain side; except
for the part where mountains are situated which will feel the lesser scale of
intensity VI. However, earthquake rarely occurs hence, likelihood of this
particular event happening is unlikely (every 30-100years).

117
Figure 49. Rain-Induced Landslide Hazard Map

118
The municipality’s physical layout have the features of the ocean, flat
terrain, mountains and hills. There are several households that are situated
near the mountain side that are highly exposed to rain-induced landslide.
Since heavy rainfall occurs every now and then, these areas are highly
exposed to landslides. Based on hazard assessment conducted, five (5) of
the fifteen (15) barangays of the municipality were highly exposed. Among
the 5 Barangays, 4 were rated as “high” and one (1) is categorized as
“low”. Barangays San Vicente and Capangihan are both exposed to rain-
induced landslide in (see climexdb of hh exposed) Bakilid area which may
also cause debris flow. While, adjacent barangays of San Roque and Opong
have three (3) categories of exposure, also with debris flow possible
incidence. The likelihood of occurrence are high in Brgy Capangihan, San
Vicente and San Roque with a score of 4 each.

119
Figure 50. Storm Surge Hazard Map

120
Being situated along the coasts of Leyte, storm surge would
likely occur as an after effect of strong typhoons. From the baseline data
of PAGASA, Super Typhoon Yolanda packed a wind speed of 315kph which
was declared as signal no. 5. ST Yolanda brought in storm surge that
affected in all eight (8) coastal barangays of the municipality measuring 1
to 6 meter high inundation. From the initial susceptibility assessment, the 8
coastal barangays are very highly exposed to storm surge with inundation
of greater than 2 meters. On the likelihood of occurrence, storm surge is
likely to occur in one to three years with a score of 6.

121
Figure 51. Tropical Cyclone Hazard Map

122
Typhoon occurs 3 to 4 times a year during the months of October,
November and December. It would affect all the 15 barangays of the
municipality which translates to 5,072 households, based on the geo-tagging
activity conducted by Climex.db. From the baseline data of PAGASA, Super
Typhoon Yolanda with a wind speed of 315kph was the strongest typhoon in
recent time with signal no. 5, while most popular typhoons that occur in the
past brought maximum wind speed from 100kph to 180kph with lesser
intensity categorized as signal no. 3. Since the town is located in the eastern
part of the country is most likely exposed to tropical cyclones, Tolosa is
considered to be highly susceptible to this natural hazard..

123
Figure 52. Tsunami Hazard Map

124
From the baseline data collected from JICA, NAMRIA and RAPID,
tsunami, which has a return period of 100-200 years – highly unlikely/rare
event, would likely affect all the eight (8) coastal barangays of the
municipality, including Barangay Quilao and Barangay Malbog, the two
barangays approximately 700 meters and 1,500 mtrs from the shoreline
respectively.
Based on the tsunami risk map, the effect of tsunami to coastal
barangays could reach up to Brgy Quilao given the 3 to 5 meter height;
while critical point facilities of the government is likely to be affected for an
inundation depth of 3 to 5 meters.

125
Summary: Table 9. Summary of Hazard Susceptibility in Tolosa, Leyte
Barangay Fire Flood Rain- Storm Ground Tsunam Typhoon

Induced Surge shaking i
Landslide
A B C D E F G H
Burak -- -- --
Canmogsay -- -- --
Cantariwis -- -- --
Capangihan -- -- -- --
Doña -- -- -- -- --
Brigida
Imelda -- -- -- -- --
Malbog -- -- --
Olot -- -- -- -- -- --
Opong -- -- -- -- -- --
Poblacion -- -- -- -- --
Quilao -- -- -- --
San Roque -- -- -- -- -- --
San Vicente -- -- -- --
Tanghas -- -- -- -- --
Telegrafo -- -- -- -- --
*The table shows the susceptibility of geographical hazards in
the different barangays in Tolosa.
With the shift from a hazard-centered disaster paradigm to
one that places emphasis on vulnerability and resilience, disasters
triggered by natural hazards have begun to be perceived as
unnatural occurrences. Through this table, the researchers will be
able to analyze as to what type of hazard a barangay may induce. It

126
appears that Brgy. San Roque considers all six types of hazards and
by looking at the results, the barangay that needs more
preparedness and should avoid lack of vulnerability is the barangay
that experiences all types of hazards. The consideration of what
disaster resilience may impact on these barangays is of utmost
importance.
The impacts of disasters on development, poverty and
vulnerability have led to calls for improving disaster resilience –
meaning the capacity of households, communities and countries to
cope with and adapt to the shocks and stresses associated with
natural hazards.
There is emerging evidence that disaster resilience has been
effective in saving lives and protecting infrastructure, livelihoods,
social systems and the environment, and that building disaster
resilience is more cost-effective and sustainable than the present
combination of disaster relief and development aid. Not only do
people consider disaster resilience on an operational account, the
economy that would be affected will be of a hindrance and may lead
to poverty.
Economic vulnerability and economic resilience, interacting
with the hazard itself, and the exposure of populations and physical
127
assets, are considered to be critical determinants of the resulting
impacts of disasters.
In practical terms, resilience is neither an alternative to
intervention nor a new paradigm that stands alone, but an
increasingly important component of a holistic approach to reducing
the impact of disasters on the most vulnerable.

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44

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS, AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

This chapter describes the analysis of data followed by a discussion of the

The objectives of the study aims to:

 Assess the socio-economic profile of Tolosa, Leyte to generate empirical

data and baseline information on the socio-economic condition of Tolosa.

following hazards; landslide, flood, fire, ground shaking, and rockslide.

 Plan out the appropriate planning and development of Tolosa.

This study aims to focus on the socio-economic status of Tolosa, Leyte as an

input to disaster risk resilient community. Specifically it sought to answer the

following socio-economic measures:

A. Profile of Tolosa Leyte:

B. Profile of the respondents in terms of:

C. The particular areas in Tolosa that shows risks based on:

c. Ground Shaking Hazard

d. Rain-Induced Landslide Hazard

e. Storm Surge Hazard

f. Tropical Cyclone Hazard

D. What would be the appropriate engineering interventions in Tolosa,

A. Profile of Tolosa, Leyte

The socio-economic profile of a municipality in terms of the profile of the

municipality, facilities, infrastructures, and types of houses.

The demography of each barangay in Tolosa includes the number of

household members below and above 18 years old.

Demography of Brgy. Burak

Zon e 1 Zo ne 2 Zon e 3 Zo n e 4 Zone 5 Zone 6 Zo n e 7 Zo n e 8

Figure 2. Demography of Brgy. Burak

Figure 3. Demography of Brgy. Canmogsay

DEMOGRAPHY OF BRGY. CANMOGSAY

Zo n e 1 Zone 2 Zone 3 Zo n e 4 Zon e 5 Zone 6 Zo n e 7

DEmography of brgy. cantariwis

Female (Below 18 Yrs. Old) Female (Above 18 Yrs. Old)

Figure 4. Demography of Brgy. Cantariwis

Figure 5. Demography of Brgy. Capangihan

Demography of Brgy. Capangihan

Zone 1 Zone 2 Zo n e 3 Zo n e 4 Zone 5 Zone 6 Zo n e 7

Figure 6. Demography of Brgy. Doña Brigida

Demography of Brgy. Doña brigida

Male (Below 18 Yrs. Old) Male (Above 18 Yrs. Old)

Female (Below 18 Yrs. Old) Female (Above 18 Yrs. Old)

Zo ne 1 Zo n e 2 Zon e 3 Zone 4 Zo n e 5 Zon e 6 Zo ne 7

Figure 7. Demography of Brgy. Imelda

Demography of Brgy. imelda

Figure 8. Demography of Brgy. Malbog

Demography of Brgy. malbog

Figure 9. Demography of Brgy. Olot

demography of brgy. olot

Zone 1 Zone 2 Zo n e 3 Zo n e 4 Zone 5 Zone 6 Zo n e 7

Figure 10. Demography of Brgy. Opong

demography of brgy. opong

Zon e 1 Zone 2 Zo n e 3 Zo n e 4 Zone 5 Zo ne 6 Zo n e 7

Figure 11. Demography of Brgy. Poblacion

Zo n e 1 Zo n e 2 Zon e 3 Zone 4 Zo ne 5 Zo n e 6 Zo n e 7 Zon e 8

Figure 12. Demography of Brgy. Quilao

Figure 13. Demography of Brgy. San Roque

demography of brgy. san roque

Figure 14. Demography of Brgy. San Vicente

DEMOGRAPHY OF BRGY. SAN VICENTE

Figure 15. Demography of Brgy. Tanghas

Demography of Brgy. Tanghas

Demography of Brgy. TELEGRAFO

Zo n e 1 Zo n e 2 Zo n e 3 Zo n e 4 Zo ne 5 Zo n e 6 Zon e 7 Zo n e 8 Zo ne Zon e Zone Zo n e Zo n e

Figure 16. Demography of Brgy. Telegrafo

K Total Total Total Total No. Total No. Total