DISCUSSION

Air conditioning is the process of altering the properties of air, primarily

temperature and humidity, to more favorable conditions. The control of these
conditions may be desirable to maintain the health and comfort of the occupants, or to
meet the requirements of industrial processes irrespective of the external climatic
conditions. The air conditioning or cooling load calculations are carried out to estimate
the required capacity of cooling systems, which can maintain the required conditions in
the conditioned space. To estimate the required cooling or heating capacities, one has to
have information regarding the design indoor and outdoor conditions, specifications of
the building, specifications of the conditioned space (such as the occupancy, activity
level, various appliances and equipment used etc.) and any special requirements of the
particular application. For comfort applications, the required indoor conditions are
fixed by the criterion of thermal comfort, while for industrial or commercial
applications the required indoor conditions are fixed by the particular processes being
performed or the products being stored. The design conditions are chosen based on
design dry bulb and coincident wet bulb temperatures for peak summer months.

Cooling loads, one has to consider the unsteady state processes, as the peak-
cooling load occurs during the daytime and the outside conditions also vary
significantly throughout the day due to solar radiation. In addition, all internal sources
add on to the cooling loads and neglecting them would lead to underestimation of the
required cooling capacity and the possibility of not being able to maintain the required
indoor conditions. Thus cooling load calculations are inherently more complicated as it
involves solving unsteady equations with unsteady boundary conditions and internal
heat sources.

One of these equations is the transmission loss of heat due to conductance

through walls, door or ceiling. Heat always flows from a higher temperature substance
to a lower temperature substance. The lower value of the overall heat transfer
coefficient, area and change in temperature, the lower the transmission loss of heat
from the outside. The overall heat transfer coefficient can be determined by the
materials used on walls or doors and using the tables of u-values from MHVAC by
Clifford.

Next is the transmission loss of heat due to fenestration. Fenestration refers to

any glazed (transparent) apertures in a building, such as glass doors, windows, skylights
and others. Unlike the factors in conductance, transmission loss due to fenestration is
determined by the area, shading coefficient and solar heat gain factor of the material
acquired from MHVAC by Clifford.

The indoor loads must also be considered which is affected by the number of
people inside and with their heat generating appliances. The heat coming from the
people inside can be determined by the sensible and latent heat factor per personnel in
the room. The sensible load affects dry bulb temperature, while the latent load affects
the moisture content of the conditioned space.

The last calculation will be transmission loss due of heat due to ventilation and
infiltration. Ventilation and infiltration brings outside air into the conditioned space,
sensibly, affecting the heating and cooling load and heat gain due to moisture from the
outside air entering.

The total of these calculation will be the basis on the capacity of the refrigeration
to be installed in the room to satisfy its design conditions.

CONCLUSION

Every room needs a specific amount of cooling to be comfortable, and

achieving this level of comfort is totally dependent on having the right-sized air
conditioning unit. Choosing the right-size depends on the cooling load calculations
which is affected by the area of the room, amount of windows, insulation, the number
of people inside and the indoor appliances.

It is important to do and know the cooling load calculations because it will be the
basis on picking the right-size of cooling system for maximum efficiency and comfort.
No one wants a system that is too small because then it won’t be able to provide the
cool air you need. A system that is too large will cool the air too quickly, disabling it
from properly dehumidifying your home. The right-size system will also help to
consume less energy and lower the monthly utility bills.

REFERENCES

http://homeguides.sfgate.com/indicators-faulty-hvac-capacitor-83448.html

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