Polaris Railroad Corporation

Possibility in Every Direction

Product Description
I. Introduction
A. What the mechanisms
Most of the transportation provides genuinely appearance and comfort to
its customers. One of these utmost products is in form of a rail vehicle supplied
and designed by our company.
Polaris offers rail vehicles that can provide sustainable mobility throughout
their lifecycle. Combining attractive design and technical innovation, we
enable optimal operational performance with the highest levels of reliability,
availability, maintainability, safety, environmental performance and cost-
efficiency.
B. Purpose
Environmental sustainability lies at the heart of our design philosophy. We
mix proven and standardized components with the most advanced technologies
and materials. 

P-erforms a high-end, fully integrated transit system and comfortable

service that can carry thousands of passengers at airports and in cities around
the world every day.
O-ffers that customers high acceleration to reduce travel time. More and
more cities are investing in high-capacity urban transport networks to facilitate
growth, accommodate ever-growing numbers of commuters and alleviate traffic
congestion which our rail vehicles can effectively solve.
L-eads in providing comfort to travelers. People can experience full and
quality service in every ride and travel that they can get. With regional single-
deck and double-deck trains, we are offering the ideal solution for all capacity
needs. Passenger comfort and convenience is a paramount and our trains offer
large multipurpose areas.
A-dvance and innovative accomplished products for passenger service.
R-educe traffic and stress in travelling from place to place. Low
maintenance costs and reduced energy consumption make Polaris’ locomotives
very attractive. The latter is important not only when it comes to economic

Edison Road, Paranaque City,

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 Polaris Railroad Corporation
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aspects. Lower energy consumption has a positive effect on the
environment and saves resources.

I- ntercity rail offers comfortable, safe and environmentally friendly

connections from city centre to city centre. Trains represent the optimum solution
for travel between densely populated areas.
S-upply numerous rail vehicles on time to needing areas which takes rail
transport to the next level by setting the benchmark in very high performance,
very high efficiency and very high dedication.
C. General Appearance
Locomotives are long-term economic assets. Locomotive service lives of
30 to 40 years are obligatory. For this very reason, Polaris makes 
continuallyoptimising its product portfolio one of its top priorities. Innovations for
new products, as well as  innovations aimed at locomotives already in service
throughout the Continent, are all part of the same picture. By incorporating
experience and know-how gained during operation, Polaris’ locomotives  are
further developed as requirements increase, allowing them to be adapted to
constant change.
Polaris Railway Corporation has the expertise, the capability and an
unrivalled track record in the delivery of complete propulsion and controls
systems.
Our customers know that the system, based as it is on tough system
validation procedures and state-of-the-art standard components, will work from
the first day onwards.
The MITRAC (Modular Integrated TRACtion system) product family
includes propulsion converters (traction and auxiliary converters), drives (motors
and gears) and train control & management systems. Polaris Railway
Corporation offers MITRAC as standalone products as well as integrated system
solutions.
D. Division into principal parts
Polaris Railway Corporation divided the train into three principal parts
namely: Heart of the train, Muscle of the train and the brain of the train which will
be discussed thoroughly on the latter part.
1. The Heart of the Train
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Heart is defined as the major part of human body that
supplies blood to its subpart through its pumping mechanism. For Polaris,
MITRAC (Modular

Integrated TRACtion system) serves as the heart of the whole train. These
converters can be configured to fit any customer need perfectly and enable
operators to run passenger and freight services efficiently and economically
using any conventional power source.
The converter is the direct link between the energy source and a train’s
drive and control system. It converts energy into a form the train can use. And as
it goes to different part of the world it diverts propulsion and control equipment
can fulfill multiple functions such as power conversion on AC as well as DC
supplies with full recuperation during braking, providing efficient, uninterrupted
transportation performance in regions with different power systems as well as
across national borders. It might be compared to a diesel-cost-effective system
used to run the vehicle.
As heart is being defined, MITRAC traction converters allows a dual
power system traction power from both catenary and diesel engines, and are
thus the ideal solution for seamless commuter services providing convenient
one-seat rides.  For diesel locomotives, traction converters process the power
coming from up to four individually controlled fuel-efficient diesel engines in order
to fulfill the latest emission standards.

2. The Muscles of the Train

Muscles wrapped around the bones to shape the body that is able to
contract and produce movements while maintaining the position of part os the
body. It herefore, provides physical strength and power.
Polaris considers the MITRAC portfolio as the muscles of the train. It
embraces a full range of dual- and single-axle bogie drives for low-, medium- and
high-power applications designed to meet the needs of any railway operator.
When we approach a new assignment, we draw on the years of experience
gathered from supplying railroad operators in every corner of the globe with all
types of equipment. We aim to develop optimum solutions that exceed the
expectations of both our customers and the industry. An optimized design
according to the fundamental requirements of available space, axle load and
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 Polaris Railroad Corporation
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speed result in a highly reliable energy efficient solution with
low maintenance effort during the whole lifetime of the product.

Through years, we have perfected the modular system architectures that

enable us to develop customized solutions for any application. This unique
combination of high modularity, efficiency, reliability and ease of service and
maintenance means low life-cycle costs with a dependable revenue source. With
a leading-edge design, modern simulation tools and intensive product testing,
these systems ensure streamlined performance and reliable operation at all
times, in any situation.
3. The Brain of the Train
Brain is the coordinating center of sensation and intellectual and nervous
activity of the body.
The POLARIS* MITRAC* Train Control and Management System (TCMS)
is the brain behind the muscles that powers POLARIS rolling stock.
It is a modular, scalable, secure and open-standard control and
communication platform which manages and controls the flow of information both
on-board between the different sub-systems like converters, doors, heating,
ventilation and air-conditioning and also between the train and ground.
MITRAC TCMS platform is the set of a fully integrated product portfolio
that is built on a generic concept. It can be adapted to the individual needs of the
different vehicle types simply by adding self-contained modules for clearly
defined functionalities.
This allows for efficient and reliable train operation, diagnostics based
maintenance, trains operating at a high level of safety and security as well as
excellent and convenient services for passengers.
The safe functions and safe data transmission protocol used by
the MITRAC TCMS permits the implementation of safe train functions and safe
communications between the devices and sub-systems.
II. Part-by-part Description
A. Part number 1 (Heart of the Train)
1.What the part is?
MITRAC (Modular Integrated TRACtion system) converters can be configured to
fit any customer need perfectly and enable operators to run passenger and freight
Edison Road, Paranaque City,
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 Polaris Railroad Corporation
Possibility in Every Direction
services efficiently and economically using any conventional power
source. Has dual power service that can effectively shift from diesel and AC-DC
throughout the run.
2. Purpose

It provides energy for the train to effectively function.

3. Appearance
The MITRAC converter modules, the core elements of the converters are
optimally designed to meet precise customer requirements, whether it is to supply
power to drive the train forward or to power the on board auxiliary systems. The
inherently modular design permits straightforward adaptation to different power sources
but also to the complete range of vehicle applications.

4. Division into Subparts

Polaris developed MITRAC Converter brochure that can define the subparts of its
heart namely: Modular for underframe mounting, Modular for roof mounting, Modular for
machine room mounting and the MITRAC Hybrid.
A. Subpart number one (under frame mounting)
Used for metros, commuter, regional and intercity trains but also for high floor
trams and people movers.Each product is carefully optimized according to application
and requirements by combining suitable fibre reinforcements: carbon, glass, basalt,
natural and synthetic fibres and combination of these (hybrid structures). This way is
obtain the optimized product features for each application, as the fibers are placed in
certain amount of lengthwise and crosswise layers. Finally a suitable resin system is
utilized to complete the composite material.Glassfibre tubes are 75 % lighter that steel.
Carbon fibre tubes are 80 % lighter than steel. Typical wall thicknesses are between
1,25 mm to 2 mm.
B. Subpart two (modular for roof mounting)
Compared to conventional Pultrusion process, our special continuous
Pullwinding process enables the reduction of wall thickness and weight while retaining
and improving stiffness and strength.
Crosswise fibres increase the maximum bending strength and deflection to
failure of the tube.A range glassfibrepullwound tubes with high quality surface finish.
Glass fibre is widely used reinforcing the material that gives the product the properties
like light weight, durability, stiffness and wide range of colours.TheExelens nonwoven
Edison Road, Paranaque City,
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 Polaris Railroad Corporation
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surface, whilst providing excellent finish and deep colours, also
improves other properties such as UV– and chemical resistance. Further increased
chemical resistance is obtained by utilizing a vinylester instead of a polyester resin. The
laminates generally combine glass fibrerovings or fabrics, for high strength, with a
special epoxy resin

system, which is used for maximum adhesion. The fibres can be in various directions
depending on customer requirements:- lengthwise, partly 900 or /-450 for high torsional
strength andstiffness. Carbon fibres can also be included to give improved strength and
stiffness properties.
3. Subpart three ( Modular for machine room mounting)
Boiler horsepower is a boiler's capacity to deliver steam to a steam engine and is
not the same unit of power as the 550 ft-lb/s definition. One boiler horsepower is equal
to the power required to evaporate 34.5 lb of fresh water at 212°F in one hour. In the
early days of steam use, the boiler horsepower was roughly comparable to the
horsepower of engines fed by the boiler.On a two-cylinder engine the cranks, whether
inside or outside, are set at 90 degrees. As the cylinders are double-acting (i.e. fed with
steam alternately at each end) this gives four impulses per revolution and ensures that
there are no dead centres.

On a three-cylinder engine, two arrangements are possible:

Cranks set to give six equally spaced impulses per revolution – the usual arrangement.
If the three cylinder axes are parallel, the cranks will be 120 degrees apart, but if the
centre cylinder does not drive the leading driving axle, it will probably be inclined (as on
most US three-cylinder locomotives and on some of Gresley's three-cylinder
locomotives in Great Britain), and the inside crank will be correspondingly shifted from
120 degrees.
outside cranks set at 90 degrees, inside crank set at 135 degrees, giving six unequally
spaced impulses per revolution. This arrangement was sometimes used on three-
cylinder compound locomotives which used the outside (low pressure) cylinders for
starting. This will give evenly spaced exhausts when the engine is working compound.
Two arrangements are also possible on a four-cylinder engine:

Edison Road, Paranaque City,

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 Polaris Railroad Corporation
Possibility in Every Direction
all four cranks set at 90 degrees. With this arrangement the cylinders
act in pairs, so there are four impulses per revolution, as with a two-cylinder engine.
pairs of cranks set at 90 degrees with the inside pair set at 45 degrees to the outside
pair. This gives eight impulses per revolution. It increases weight and complexity, by
requiring four sets of valve gear, but gives smoother torque and reduces the risk of
slipping.

Muscle of the train is further classified into: nose-suspended drives, partly-suspended

drives, fully suspended drives and permanent magnet motor.

A.Nose-suspended drives
This robust, uncomplicated design is geared to minimize the service and
maintenance needs, generates high tractive output at low speeds, and is ideal for
general and heavy-haul freight service.
B. Partly suspended drives
This design has a low unsprung mass, which enables high speeds with low track
wear. The single reduction gear unit requires a lower upfront investment than any other
drives system.
C. Fully suspended drives
This sophisticated concept features the lowest unsprung mass and facilitates
high speeds and performance combined with low track wear.
D. Permanent Magnet Motor
The compact MITRAC Permanent Magnet (PM) Motor system is specifically
designed to meet the highest demands on drive systems for traction applications while
achieving higher power efficiency than conventional motors: Maximum torque over a
wide speed range where the motor is especially competitive at high speed and low
voltage, environment variations and stress as well as safety requirements. This has
been achieved with a minimum of hardware and software changes to other parts of the
propulsion system, and design re-use of the well proven and highly reliable conventional
MITRAC motors.

The one that runs the train which is the brain can be divided into:MITRAC Energy
Saver, EBI Screen control room, EBI Com radio block centre,EBI Cab ATC onboard
equipment, EBI Star SatNav onboard equipment, EBI Lock computer-based interlocking
systems, EBI Link ATC wayside equipment, EBI Track train detection, EBI Switch point
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 Polaris Railroad Corporation
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machines, EBI Light signals, EBI Gate level crossings, EBI Gate 200
and EBI Tool design and maintenance software.

A. MITRAC Energy Saver

The MITRAC portfolio enables operators to meet their customers' expectations
while reducing costs and protecting the environment. The MITRAC Energy Saver, the

MITRAC Permanent Magnet Motor as well as the catenary-free operation or

wayside energy storage units are developed for these needs. With the new
ECO4 technologies, we aim to develop optimum solutions that exceed the expectations
of both our customers and the industry.
The intelligent MITRAC Energy Saver developed by Polaris enables light rail
vehicles to economize almost one third of their energy consumption and bridge patches
without overhead lines. This Energy Saver, based on high performance double layer
capacitor technology (ultracapacitors), provides vehicles with an energy source that has
a considerably longer service life than energy storage based on conventional batteries.
The system works by charging the ultracapacitors during vehicle braking, and releasing
it when it is needed, such as when accelerating the vehicle.
B. EBI Screen control room

Train movement for main line and mass transit over a wide geographical area is
managed, controlled and supervised by the EBI Screen control room. Traffic controllers
follow train movements on computer screens which show current train routes, point
positions, signal aspects, and train positioning. The system is capable of handling mixed
traffic environments where high speed, freight and commuter traffic share the same
track. The system is flexible, with an open interface to peripherals such as passenger
information displays (PIDs), public announcements (PA), ticketing machines, power
supplies, SCADA, CCTV and radio communication.

C.EBI Com radio block centre

The EBI Com radio block centre transfers the train position sent by radio to the
interlocking systems. Information about train routes from the interlocking systems is
then sent to the EBI Com radio block centre and converted into movement authorities to
be sent out to the individual trains. The EBI Com radio block centre forms part of our
Edison Road, Paranaque City,
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 Polaris Railroad Corporation
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communication-based train control systems for mass transit:
CITYFLO 450 and CITYFLO 650. In main line it forms part of our ERTMS-
compliantINTERFLO 150 and INTERFLO 450 radio-based signalling solutions.
D.EBI Cab ATC onboard equipment
EBI Cab onboard automatic train control (ATC) equipment ensures that train
movements in main line and mass transit are carried out safely in accordance with the

movement authorities by continuously monitoring the train speed. EBI Cab onboard

equipment informs the driver when it is time to brake and initiates braking (if necessary)
to keep the train at a safe speed. EBI Cab is designed to increase traffic capacity and
safety by allowing higher speeds and shorter headways between trains.
ATC wayside equipment on the track informs the ATC onboard the train, about traffic
restrictions coming up and gives continuous information on the highest permissible
speed. The necessary information is presented on the driver's panel. EBI Cab systems
have been in use for over 25 years and can now be used for high-speed trains to meet
the demanding functional and safety requirements of ERTMS/ETCS. Automatic train
operation (ATO) can be added to the system where required for driverless trains.

E. EBI Star SatNav onboard equipment

The EBI Star onboard unit is used by our main line INTERFLO 50 telematics solution.
EBI Star is a unified communication platform that supplies vehicle systems with
accurate information about position, speed and time. At the same time, via the
management of mobile communication channels, it ensures reliable data transfer
between rail vehicles and wayside infrastructure.
F.EBI Lock computer-based interlocking systems

EBI Lock computer-based interlocking systems lock and release train routes on

main line and mass transit systems. They supervise and control wayside objects such
as signals, point machines and level crossing protection. The systems are designed for
quick installation, flexibility and cost effectiveness and are easily adapted to different
signalling principles. The interlocking systems are built on established safety principles
and fail-safe signalling technology.

G. EBI Link ATC wayside equipment

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EBI Link wayside equipment is a range of wayside components
including balises that provide automatic train protection (ATP) for main line and mass
transit systems. EBI Link operates in conjunction with the onboard ATP computer,
giving drivers speed information and details about approaching target objects such as
signals or points. Balises provide either fixed or variable data from track to train and are
ERTMS

compliant. The balise is activated by an antenna mounted under a passing train,

thus avoiding the need for a power supply to the balise.
H. EBI Track train detection EBI Track train detection equipment for main line or mass
transit consists of train location systems, track circuits and axle counters. The train
location system provides train to track communication in conjunction with a transmitter
onboard the vehicle and a receiving loop in the track. The train receives movement
authority continuously via the track circuit up to the end of the block last cleared. The
detection of vehicles usually occurs through normal track circuits or axle counters.

I. EBI Switch point machines

Polaris has a complete range of point machines for main line and mass transit
which includes sleeper-integrated point machines, conventional end of sleeper
machines and machines mounted in a recess between the rails, providing the flush
finish required in a street type environment. EBI Switch has been designed with
robustness and durability in mind. Components have been selected that require
minimum maintenance. Because of its modular design, fast onsite servicing and
maintenance can be performed, without disturbing traffic.

J. EBI Light signals

The EBI Light range of optical signals for main line and mass transit solutions
includes colour light multi-aspect signals, fibre optic searchlight signals, fibre optic alpha
numeric signals, and tunnel signals. The systems are used to give the train proceed or
not-to-proceed information.

K. EBI Gate level crossings

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EBI Gate level crossings provide highly-reliable barriers and signals across a

main line or mass transit network. Various types of occupancy detectors and warning
devices can be applied as required. The key benefits to customers are user-friendly
maintenance and short repair times.

L. EBI Gate 200

Our EBI Gate 200 level crossing is the first crossing of its kind capable of
harnessing the renewable energy in its environment as a power source, thereby
reducing its environmental impact and cost of operation. Another advantage of this
system is that it is a completely self-contained overlay system, installed independently
of the existing railway infrastructure. This results in minimum network disruption during
installation . This crossing is designed to alert people to oncoming trains when crossing
rail tracks. It has been engineered specifically to improve the safety for user-worked
crossings on rural sections of the network such as bridleways, footpaths and farms
crossings.

I.EBI Tool design and maintenance software

The EBI Tool toolbox provides an integrated software environment for adaptation,

engineering, installation, test, commissioning and maintenance of main line and mass
transit solutions. Engineering can be achieved quickly and efficiently with EBI Tool
design. It generates site data automatically, as well as manufacturing schedules for
cables and object controller cabinets. It is also ideal for reconfiguring existing systems
when the system is upgraded or extended.

Edison Road, Paranaque City,

Philippines, 5200
Contact No.: 09194662842
www.polaris.railroad.com
Polaris Railroad Corporation
Possibility in Every Direction

Edison Road, Paranaque City,

Philippines, 5200
Contact No.: 09194662842
www.polaris.railroad.com