Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Learning Outcomes
• Describe the processes of life at the
cellular and organism level. (CO1, CO2)
• Differentiate a prokaryotic cell from a
eukaryotic cell. (CO1, CO2)
• Describe the structure and function of
prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. (CO1,
CO2)
Learning Outcomes
• Compare and contrast the structure of
typical animal and plant cells. (CO1, CO2)
• Enumerate the steps involved in mitosis
and meiosis. (CO1, CO2)
Why do we need to
review the cell structure?
• In biochemistry, we are going to
study the biomolecules that make up
the components of the cell.
Prokaryotes Eukaryotes
eubacteria protists
fungi
archaebacteria
plants
animals
Prokaryotes
• primitive, simple, versatile, ubiquitous,
unicellular form
• common shapes:
Prokaryotes Eukaryotes
almost all small both unicellular and
unicellular multicellular
organisms
The Cell
Living Organisms
Prokaryotes Eukaryotes
Prokaryotes Eukaryotes
metabolic functions greater specialization
are organized in and complexity in
simpler fashion structure and
functioning
Prokaryotes Eukaryotes
DNA is ring-shaped very long linear DNA
(106 bp) (107-1010 bp)
presence of cytosol
lacks cytoskeleton
Advantage of having
membrane-enclosed
compartments:
separate incompatible
chemical and physical
conditions
Parts of the Cell
cytosol – the water solution (salts and
organic molecules) where organelles are
suspended.
Parts of the Cell
nucleus – largest organelle; contains the genetic
material of the cell; site of DNA and RNA
biosynthesis
Parts of the Cell
endoplasmic reticulum and ribosomes – a closed
network of shallow sacs and tubules linked with
the outer membrane of the nucleus; processes
and transports proteins
nucleus or nucleoid
plasma membrane
cytoplasm
Are viruses eukaryotic or prokaryotic?