Operation symbols

Type TeX alt See

+ ++
- −-
* cdot ⋅⋅
** ast ∗∗
*** star ⋆⋆
// //
backslash
\\
setminus
\\
xx times ××
-: div ÷÷
|>< ltimes ⋉⋉
><| rtimes ⋊⋊
|><| bowtie ⋈⋈
@ circ ∘∘
o+ oplus ⊕⊕
ox otimes ⊗⊗
o. odot ⊙⊙
sum ∑∑
prod ∏∏
^^ wedge ∧∧
^^^ bidwedge ⋀⋀
vv vee ∨∨
vvv bigvee ⋁⋁
nn cap ∩∩
nnn bigcap ⋂⋂
uu cup ∪∪
uuu bigcup ⋃⋃
 
Miscellaneous symbols
Type TeX alt See
2/3 frac{2}{3} 2323
2^3 2323
sqrt x √xx
root(3)(x) 3√xx3
int ∫∫
oint ∮∮
del partial ∂∂
 Miscellaneous symbols
Type TeX alt See
grad nabla ∇∇
+- pm ±±
O/ emptyset ∅∅
oo infty ∞∞
aleph ℵℵ
:. therefore ∴∴
:' because ∵∵
|...| |ldots| |...||...|
|cdots| |⋯||⋯|
vdots ⋮⋮
ddots ⋱⋱
|\ | | || |
|quad| |  ||  |
/_ angle ∠∠
frown ⌢⌢
/_\ triangle △△
diamond ⋄⋄
square □□
|__ lfloor ⌊⌊
__| rfloor ⌋⌋
|~ lceiling ⌈⌈
~| rceiling ⌉⌉
CC Cℂ
NN Nℕ
QQ Qℚ
RR Rℝ
ZZ Zℤ
"hi" text(hi) hi
Logical symbols

Type TeX alt See

and andand
or oror
not neg ¬¬
=> implies ⇒⇒
 Miscellaneous symbols
Type TeX alt See
if ifif
<=> iff ⇔⇔
AA forall ∀∀
EE exists ∃∃
_|_ bot ⊥⊥
TT top ⊤⊤
|-- vdash ⊢⊢
|== models ⊨⊨
 
Grouping brackets
Type TeX alt See
( ((
) ))
[ [[
] ]]
{ {{
} }}
(: langle ⟨〈
:) rangle ⟩〉
<< ⟨〈
>> ⟩〉
{: x ) x)x)
( x :} (x(x
abs(x) |x||x|
floor(x) ⌊x⌋⌊x⌋
ceil(x) ⌈x⌉⌈x⌉
norm(vecx
)
∥→x∥∥x→∥
 
Arrows
Type TeX alt See
uarr uparrow ↑↑
darr downarrow ↓↓
rarr rightarrow →→
-> to →→
>-> rightarrowtail ↣↣
 Arrows
Type TeX alt See
->> twoheadrightarrow ↠↠
>->> twoheadrightarrowtail ⤖⤖
|-> mapsto ↦↦
larr leftarrow ←←
harr leftrightarrow ↔↔
rArr Rightarrow ⇒⇒
lArr Leftarrow ⇐⇐
hArr Leftrightarrow ⇔⇔
 
Accents
Type TeX alt See
hat x ˆxx^
bar x overline x ¯xx¯
ul x underline x x––x̲
vec x →xx→
dot x .xx.

ddot x ..xx..

overset(x)(=) overset(x)(=) x==x

underset(x)
(=)
=x=x
1+21
ubrace(1+2) underbrace(1+2)
+2⏟
1+21
obrace(1+2) overbrace(1+2)
+2⏞
color(red)(x) xx
cancel(x) xx
 
Greek Letters
Type See Type See
alpha αα
beta ββ
gamma γγ Gamma ΓΓ
delta δδ Delta ΔΔ
epsilon εε
varepsilo
n
ɛɛ
zeta ζζ
eta ηη
theta θθ Theta ΘΘ
 Greek Letters
Type See Type See
vartheta ϑϑ
iota ιι
kappa κκ
lambda λλ Lambda ΛΛ
mu μμ
nu νν
xi ξξ Xi ΞΞ
pi ππ Pi ΠΠ
rho ρρ
sigma σσ Sigma ΣΣ
tau ττ
upsilon υυ
phi ϕϕ Phi ΦΦ
varphi φφ
chi χχ
psi ψψ Psi ΨΨ
omega ωω Omega ΩΩ
 
Font commands
Type See
bb "AaBbCc" AaBbCcAaBbCc
bbb
"AaBbCc"
AaBbCcAaBbCc
cc "AaBbCc" AaBbCcAaBbCc
tt "AaBbCc" AaBbCcAaBbCc
fr "AaBbCc" AaBbCcAaBbCc
sf "AaBbCc" AaBbCcAaBbCc
Standard Functions
sin, cos, tan, sec, csc, cot, arcsin, arccos, arctan, sinh, cosh, tanh, sech, csch, coth, exp, log, ln, det,
dim, mod, gcd, lcm, lub, glb, min, max, f, g.

Special Cases
Matrices: [[a,b],[c,d]] yields to [abcd][abcd]
Column vectors: ((a),(b)) yields to (ab)(ab)
Matrices can be used for layout: {(2x,+,17y,=,23),
(x,-,y,=,5):} yields {2x+17y=23x−y=5{2x+17y=23x-y=5
Complex subscripts: lim_(N->oo) sum_(i=0)^N yields to limN→∞N∑i=0limN→∞∑i=0N
Subscripts must come before superscripts: int_0^1 f(x)dx yields to ∫10f(x)dx∫01f(x)dx
Derivatives: f'(x) = dy/dx yields f'(x)=dydxf′(x)=dydx
For variables other than x,y,z, or t you will need grouping symbols: (dq)/(dp) for dqdpdqdp
Overbraces and underbraces: ubrace(1+2+3+4)_("4
terms") yields 1+2+3+44 terms1+2+3+4⏟4 terms.
obrace(1+2+3+4)^("4 terms") yields 4
terms1+2+3+41+2+3+4⏞4 terms.
Attention: Always try to surround the > and < characters with spaces so that the html parser does not
confuse it with an opening or closing tag!

The Grammar
Here is a definition of the grammar used to parse AsciiMath expressions. In the Backus-Naur form given
below, the letter on the left of the ::= represents a category of symbols that could be one of the possible
sequences of symbols listed on the right. The vertical bar | separates the alternatives.
v ::= [A-Za-z] | greek letters | numbers | other constant symbols
u ::= sqrt | text | bb | other unary symbols for font commands
b ::= frac | root | stackrel | other binary symbols
l ::= ( | [ | { | (: | {: | other left brackets
r ::= ) | ] | } | :) | :} | other right brackets
S ::= v | lEr | uS | bSS Simple expression
I ::= S_S | S^S | S_S^S | S Intermediate expression
E ::= IE | I/I Expression