1.

Education and Health are the major contributing factors for wealth creation

2. Economy of a country depends on Manufactured Capital , Human Capital

and Natural capital.

3. Natural capital declined in 127 of 140 countries even as the global economy
grew.

4. Using annual average growth rates over last 25 years , with 1990 as the
base year, the report say that in many countries, population has grown
quicker that GDP leading to a negative per capital growth of wealth

5. In developing countries the rate of decline in natural capital has been five
times higher that in rich economies

6. The report found that the manufactures capital contributes 21 percent to

global wealth , natural capital contributes 20 percent and the largest share
about 59% comes from human capital

7. In china the fall in natural capital was steadily compensated with the
growth in China’s human and physical capital stocks. This is the reason
An overwhelming 70% of healthcare expenses in India are met by out of
pocket expenditure by the individual, due to which about 7% population
is pushed below the poverty threshold every year.

Childbearing expenses push nearly half of all mothers there into poverty.

Families routinely take loans or sell assets to cover these costs.

The public health expenditure in India (total of centre and state governments)
has remained constant at approximately 1.3% of the GDP between 2008 and
2015, and increased marginally to 1.4% in 2016-17. This is less than the
world average of 6%. Note that the National Health Policy, 2017 proposes to
increase this to 2.5% of GDP by 2025.

Including the private sector, the total health expenditure as a percentage of

GDP is estimated at 3.9%. Out of the total expenditure, effectively about one-
third (30%) is contributed by the public sector. This contribution is low
compared to other developing and developed countries. Examples include
Brazil (46%), China (56%), Indonesia (39%), USA (48%), and UK (83%) (see
Figure 1).

If cumulatively 30% of the total health expenditure is incurred by the public

sector, the rest of the health expenditure, i.e. approximately 70% is borne by
consumers. Household health expenditures include out of pocket expenditures
(95%) and insurance (5%). Out of pocket expenditures– the payments made
directly by individuals at the point of services which are not covered under
any financial protection scheme– dominate.  The highest percentage of out of
pocket health expenditure (52%) is made towards medicines
This is followed by private hospitals (22%), medical and diagnostic labs
(10%), and patient transportation, and emergency rescue (6%). Out of pocket
expenditure is typically financed by household revenues (71%)

Note that 86% of rural population and 82% of urban population are not

covered under any scheme of health expenditure support. Due to high out of
pocket healthcare expenditure, about 7% population is pushed below the
poverty threshold every year.

Beyond its intrinsic value, improved health contributes to social well-being

through its impact on economic development, competitiveness and productivity.
Highperforming health systems contribute to economic development and health.