Practical Distribution & Substation Automation

(Incl. Communications) for Electrical Power Systems

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 Internetwork Connections
• Repeaters
• Bridges
• Routers
• Gateways

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 Repeaters
• Connect two segments of the same LAN
• Simply amplify and retransmit the signal to the
next segment.
• Repeaters connect different segments...but all
segments form one LAN.

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 Bridges
• Connect two networks.
• Bridge acts as a node as far as each network is
concerned.
• More intelligent than repeaters and can reduce
the traffic.

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 Routers
• Transfer data between different networks and route
packets to the correct network to which they are
attached.
• This is based on the Network layer (OSI Model).

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 Gateway
• Connect networks which are totally dissimilar.
• There may be a need to translate all 7 OSI layers.
• High overhead and to be avoided where possible.
• Expensive and low performance.

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 Power System Automation
A System for:
Managing, Controlling and Protecting a Power
Network

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 Definition

Integrated Electrical Protection, Control, Measurement,

Monitoring and Data Communications

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 Electrical Protection
• Local

• Independent

• Never Compromised

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 Control
• Local Control
» Independent of
Network
» Configured by User

• Remote Control
» Operator Initiated
» Network Initiated

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 Measurement
• Electrical measurements
and metering

• Disturbance recordings

• Other analogue values

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 Monitoring
• Status indications

• Condition Monitoring

• Preventative Maintenance
Information

• Sequence-of-Event
Recordings

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 Data Communications

• Physical Configuration

• Protocols

• Response Times

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 Basic Architecture

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 Basic Architecture

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 Object division
• Consists of intelligent electronic devices (IEDs), modern, third-generation
microprocessor based relays and/or remote terminal units (RTUs)

• The communications network :

• Nervous system of power system automation

• Ensures that raw data, processed information, and commands are relayed quickly,
effectively and error-free among the various field instruments, IEDs and the
SCADA system

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 SCADA master

Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition

• Receives data and information from the field, decides

what to do with it, stores it, and issues requests and/or
commands to the remote devices

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 DO YOU WANT TO KNOW MORE?

If you are interested in further training or information,

please visit:
http://idc-online.com/slideshare

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