Digital Circuits 2019-2

Professor: Eng. Santiago Villafuerte Echeverri

Student: Code:
Third Partial Exam
The time allocated for this exam is 1 hour and 30 minutes, remember to name the references of each
MSI integrated (the SSI references are not relevant for this exam) and the name of each internal
terminal of them.

Designing State Machines Using State Diagrams

The design of a state machine is required to control the tail lights of a 1965 Ford Thunderbird, shown in Figure
1. There are three lights on each side, and for turns they operate in sequence to show the turning direction, as
illustrated in Figure 2 (Audi has implemented a dynamic function like this for its turn lights just to mention
another example). The state machine has two input signals, LEFT and RIGHT, that indicate the driver’s
request for a left turn or a right turn. It also has an emergency-flasher input, HAZ, that requests the tail
lights to be operated in hazard mode – all six lights flashing on and off in unison. We also assume the
existence of a free-running clock signal whose frequency equals the desired flashing rate for the lights.
Desired flashing rate: We assume that the rate of the each flashing sequence is 1 second (figure 2 a) or b)),
therefore, the frequency to change each state is a quarter of that second. Implement this with a 5551 timer.

Figure 1. Rear end of a Ford Thunderbird 1965 (looks Figure 2. Flashing sequence for T-bird tail lights: (a)
like a Mercurcy Capri rear end of). left turn; (b) right turn

Deliverables (4 Points):
1. States Diagram Q&A (1 POINT):
2. States and outputs table
3. Transitions and outputs tables 1. Mention three differences between astable
4. Excitation equations for flip flops (At and monostable configuration modes in a
least one JK Type). 555 timer (0.4)
Quartus Project with FSM. 2. Could a Johnson counter work for the tail
5. State Machine circuitry with 555 timer lights control? (0.3)
design. 3. For the exercise above, how would you
implement a counter for 14 cycles of
flashing sequences, considering that after
14 cycles it has to go to idle state? (0.3)
1.
The 555 timer IC is an integrated circuit (chip) used in a variety of timer, pulse generation, and oscillator applications.
The 555 can be used to provide time delays, as an oscillator, and as a flip-flop element.

[1] J. F. Wakerly, Digital Design: Principles & Practices, Third Edition ed., Upper Saddle River:
Prentice Hall, 1999.