Norton’s Theorem

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Norton’s Theorem
Norton’s Theorem
 Norton’s Theorem

Norton’s theorem states that a linear two-

terminal circuit can be replaced by an
equivalent circuit consisting of a current
source IN in parallel with a resistor RN,
where IN is the short-circuit current through
the terminals and RN is the input or
equivalent resistance at the terminals when
the independent sources are turned off
 Steps to find Norton’s equivalent circuit
1. Identify the load terminals.
2. Remove the load resistance from the circuit (if its is
connected)
3. Find the equivalent resistance (RN) across the load
terminal by replacing independent voltage source by
short circuit and independent current source by open
circuit
4. Create a short circuit across the load terminals
5. Find the short circuit current (IN) using any of the
circuit analysis techniques (mostly mesh/node
methods)
6. Draw the Norton's equivalent circuit
Relationship between Thevenin’s &
Norton’s Theorem
Find the Norton equivalent circuit of
the circuit in Fig. at terminals a-b.
Norton’s Resistance:
We find RN by turning off the 12-V voltage source
(replacing it with a short circuit) and the 2-A
current source (replacing it with an open circuit).
The circuit becomes what is shown in Fig.
Norton’s Current:
Norton’s Current:
Norton’s Equivalent Circuit
Find the Norton Equivalent Circuit
Practice
Norton’s Equivalent Circuit with
dependent source