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Lubricants.
Lubricants can be liquids, solids, or even gases, and they are most often oils or
greases. Liquid lubricants often provide many functions in addtion to controlling
friction and wear, such as scavenging heat, dirt and wear debris; preventing rust
and corrosion; transferring force; and acting as a sealing medium. Engineers are
called upon to select and evaluate lubricants, to follow their performance in service,
and to use them to best advantage in the design of equipment. Lubricant
manufacturers and distributors may have hundreds of lubricants in their product
line, each described separately in the product literature as to intended applications,
properties, and benefits, as well as performance in the selected standard tests.
Lubricants are selected according to the needs of the particular application. Careful
lubricant selection helps obtain improved performance, lower operating cost, and
longer service life, for both the lubricant and the equipment involved.