ENGINEERING APTITUDE

PART-1
LOGICAL REASONING
&
ANALYTICAL ABILITY

New Pattern
for
UPSC ESE Exam

IES MASTER PUBLICATION

Office : F-126, (Lower Basement), Katwaria Sarai, New Delhi-110 016
Phone : 011-26522064 Mobile : 8130909220, 9711853908
Email : ies_master@yahoo.co.in, info@iesmaster.org
Web : iesmasterpublication.org
IES MASTER PUBLICATION
F-126, (Lower Basement), Katwaria Sarai, New Delhi-110016
Phone : 011-26522064, Mobile : 8130909220, 9711853908
E-mail : ies_master@yahoo.co.in, info@iesmaster.org
Web : iesmasterpublication.org

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Copyright © 2016, by IES MASTER Publications. No part of this booklet may be reproduced, or
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First Edition : 2016

Typeset at : IES Master Publication, New Delhi-110016

 PREFACE

Engineering Aptitude, as a subject, has been growing in significance across

competitive examinations in India. Now, Union Public Service Commission (UPSC)
has introduced this topic in Engineering Service Examination (ESE). We have immense
pleasure in placing this book “Engineering Aptitude covering Logical Reasoning
and Analytical Ability” before the aspirants of various competitive examinations,
mainly ESE aspirants.

In writing this book, under the guidance of Mr. Kanchan Kumar Thakur (Ex. IES),
we have had in mind the needs and interests of students appearing for Competitive
Examinations. Since, there is no book available in the market, particularly on Critical
Reasoning mentioned in new ESE syllabi.

The discussion points focus on points of topical interest or on particular concept.

Questions typical of those set in the examinations have been included to practice and
to discover the extent of their knowledge. Keywords are printed in bold type to assist
the student further in assimilating the information.

IES Master Publication

New Delhi, 2016
 CONTENTS

Preface iii

1. Basics Concepts of Syllogism 01–78

1.1 Introduction … 01
1.2 Basic Syllogism Terminology … 02
1.3 Venn Diagrams … 02
1.4 Classification of Propositions … 03
1.5 Ellimination Techniques … 07
1.6 Adjectives in Syllogism … 08
1.7 Conclusions from Multiple Statements … 11
1.8 Definite Conclusions … 12
1.9 Derivations … 15
1.10 Steps to Solve Question of Syllogism … 29
1.11 “Either … or …” in Syllogism 35
CSAT Problems 43
Exercises … 48

2. Causative Syllogism 79–98

2.1 Introduction … 79
2.2 Cause and Effect … 79
2.3 Cause Effect Relationships … 79
2.4 Examples for sufficient and Necessary Cause … 84
CSAT Problems 88
Exercise … 90

3. Critical Reasoning 99–184

3.1 Introduction … 99
3.2 Critical Reasoning Terminology … 99
3.3 Steps Followed in Critical Reasoning … 100
(vi) Contents

3.4 Types of Questions … 100

CSAT Problems … 110
Exercise … 119

4. Reading Comprehensions 185–248

4.1 Introduction … 185
4.2 Well Known Method … 185
4.3 Strategies … 186
CSAT Problems … 190

5. Dices and Cubes 249–272

5.1 Introduction … 249
5.2 Cubes … 249
5.3 Types of Problems … 249
UPSC Problems … 261
Exercises … 263

6. Direction Sense 273–286

6.1 Introduction … 273
6.2 Problem Solving … 273
Exercises … 278

7. Blood Relationships 287–302

7.1 Introduction … 287
7.2 Symbols Used in Family Diagram … 288
7.3 Types of Problems … 289
Exercises … 295

8. Seating Arrangement 303–320

8.1 Introduction … 303
8.2 Solving Procedure … 303
8.3 Types of Problems … 303
UPSC Problems … 310
Exercises … 311
 Contents (vii)

9. Data Interpretation 321–358

9.1 Introduction … 321
9.2 Tables … 321
9.3 Graphs … 323
9.4 Pie Charts … 328
9.5 Combination of Graphs … 330
UPSC Problems … 333
Exercises … 338

10. Puzzles 359–398

10.1 Introduction … 359
10.2 Problems of Categorisation … 359
10.3 Blood Relationship and Professions Problems … 362
10.4 Sequencing Problems … 363
10.5 Comparision Problems … 364
10.6 Conditional Selection Problems … 366
10.7 Problems of Pattern … 367
10.8 Miscellaneous Problems … 371
CSAT Problems … 376
Exercises … 386