The Spanish city of Manila was founded on June 24, 1571, by Spanish conquistador Miguel López

de Legazpi. The date is regarded as the city's official founding date; however,
a Tagalog fortified polity called Maynilà had already existed on the site, dating back as far as 1258,
from which the Spanish and English name of 'Manila' was derived. A Spanish fortified city
called Intramuros was built directly on top of the site of old Maynilà, following the defeat of the
polity's last indigenous Rajah, Sulayman III, in the Battle of Bangkusay. Manila was the seat of
power for most of the country's colonial rulers. It is home to many historic sites, some of which were
built during the 16th century. Manila has many of the Philippines' firsts, including the first
university (1590),[16] light station (1642), lighthouse tower (1846), water system (1878), hotel (1889),
electricity (1895), oceanarium (1913),[17] stock exchange (1927), flyover (1930s), zoo (1959),
pedestrian underpass (1960),[18] science high school (1963),[19] city-run university (1965), city-run
hospital (1969), and rapid transit system (1984; also considered as the first rapid transit system in
Southeast Asia).[20]