Digestion And Absorption- MCQs

BY – JUHI MISHRA
JUHI MISHRA
Verified Plus Educator In Unacademy

M.Sc. Botany ( Gold Medalist )

CET, DCA, B.Ed.

Cleared UPPSC & UPESSB Exams

Bio Lecturer in Govt. Inter College

More than 9 Yrs. Of Teaching

Experience

9721922842
• 1. Which one of the following is the correct matching of the
site of action, the substrate, the enzyme acting upon it and
the end product ?
• (a)
• (b)
• (c)
• (d)
•
(d)
• 2. Which one of the following pairs is correctly matched?
• (a) Oxyntic cells - a secretion with pH between 2.0 and 3.0
• (b) Alpha cells of islets of Langerhans - a secretion that
decreases blood sugar level
• (c) Kupffer cells - a digestive enzyme that hydrolyses nucleic
acids
• (d) Chief cells - a secretion that is rich in mucin.
(a)
• 3. If we take food rich in lime juice, then
• (a) action of ptyalin on starch is enhanced
• (b) action of ptyalin on starch is reduced
• (c) action of ptyalin on starch is unaffected
• (d) action of ptyalin on starch stops.
(b)
• 4. Read the following four statements (i) - (iv) with certain mistakes in
two of them.
• (i) Fructose is generally absorbed by simple diffusion.
• (ii) The digestive wastes, solidified into coherent faeces in the rectum
initiate and endocrinal action causing an urge or desire for its removal
• (iii) The food mixes thoroughly with the acidic gastric juice of the
stomach by the churning movements of its muscular wall and is
called the chyme.
• (iv) The secretions of the brush border cells of the mucosa
alongwith the secretions of the goblet cells constitute the succus
entericus.
(a) Fructose is generally absorbed by facilitated transport.
The . digestive wastes, solidified into coherent faeces in
the rec-tum initiate a neural reflex causing an urge or desire
for its removal
• 5. In which of the following order, the process of digestion
proceeds ?
• (a) Ingestion →Assimilation → Absorption → Accumulation Egestion
• (b) Digestion → Ingestion → Assimilation → Absorption → Egestion
• (c) Ingestion → Digestion → Assimilation → Absorption → Egestion
• (d) Ingestion → Digestion → Absorption → Assimilation → Egestion
(d)
• 6. Which sphincter guards the opening between the
oesophagus and stomach?
• (a) Gastroesophageal sphincter
• (b) Pyloric sphincter
• (c) Sphincter of Oddi
• (d) Cardiac sphincter
(a)
• 7. Which enzymes are likely to act on the baked potatoes
eaten by a man, starting from the mouth and as it moves
down the alimentary canal?
• (a) Pancreatic amylase → salivary amylase → lipases
• (b) Disaccharidase like maltase → lipases → nucleases
• (c) Salivary amylase → pancreatic amylase
disaccharidases
• (d) Salivary maltase → carboxy peptidase → trypsinogen
•
(c)
• 8. Which of the following dietary deficiencies will
affect the functioning of enzymes in the human body
most quickly?
• (a) Too few carbohydrates
• (b) Shortage of fat-soluble vitamins
• (c) Shortage of water-soluble vitamins
• (d) Insufficient variety of fats
(c) many of the water-soluble vitamins play a vital role
in enzyme function.
• 9. During the process of digestion, food is
exposed to a range of pH. The relative pH of
fluids in I, II and III regions of the alimentary
canal shown in this diagram is
• (a) I > II < III
• (b) I > II > III
• (c) I < II < III
• (d) I < II > III
(a)
• 10. Which of the following are proteolytic enzymes?
• (a) Ptyalin, trypsin, pepsin
• (b) Lipase, erepsin, trypsin
• (c) Erepsin, trypsin, pepsin
• (d) Pepsin, nuclease, nucleotidase
(c)
• 11. In the gastrointestinal tract, the Meissner's plexus
and the Auerbach's plexus occur respectively in the
• (a) lamina propria and muscularis mucosa
• (b) submucosa and muscularis externa
• (c) submucosa and mucosa
• (d) mucosa and muscularis externa
(b)
• 12. Which of the following is the function of enterogastrone?
• (a) It inhibits the secretion of gastric juice.
• (b) It stimulates the secretion of digestive juices in the
stomach.
• (c) It stimulates the flow of pancreatic juice.
• (d) It regulates the flow of bile.
(a)
• 13. Pancreatic cancer is an especially dangerous disease in
people because the pancreas is
• (a) the organ that produces and stores bile.
• (b) the site of synthesis for all of the essential amino acids.
• (c) one of the organs through which food must pass on its way which many
different kinds of digestive organ to the colon.
• (d) an organ in which many different kinds of digestive enzymes are
manufacture.
(d) The pancreas produces a number of important digestive
enzymes, without which digestion and nutrient absorption
are greatly hampered.
• 14. Which of the following statements is correct?
• (a) Argentaffin cells produce serotonin
• (b) Villikinin is secreted by large intestine
• (c) Brunner's glands are found in jejunum
• (d) Succus entericus has pH of 2.8
(a)
• 15. If for some reason our goblet cells are non-functional,
then which of the following will be adversely affected?
• (a) Production of somatostatin
• (b) Production of secretin
• (c) Secretion of duocrinin
• (d) Smooth movement of food down the intestine
(d)
• 16.

•
• (a) rennin and Ca++ respectively
• (b) Ca++ and rennin respectively
• (c) rennin, HCI and Ca++ respectively
• (d) renin and Ca++ respectively.
(a)
• 17. Which of the following statements are correct regarding
secretion of oxyntic cells?
• (i) It denatures proteins and softens fibrous connective tissues
in the blood.
• (ii) It activates rennin.
• (iii) It renders calcium and iron salts suitable for absorption in
the intestine.
• (iv) It activates trypsin.
• (a) (i) and (iv) (b) (ii), (iii) and (iv)
• (c) (i), (ii) and (iii) (d) (i), (iii) and (iv)
(c)
• 18. Which of the following statements is correct?
• (a) The sight and smell of food while having your meal,
enhances efficiency of digestion.
• (b) One should always have food till his/her stomach is
completely full. This enhances digestion.
• (c) Drinking water while having meal enhances stretching
effect on the stomach wall, hence enhances digestion.
• (d) None of these.
(a)
• 19. Match Column I with Column II.
• Column I Column II
• A. Goblet cells (i) Antibacterial agent
• B. Lysozyme (ii) Mucus
• C. Saliva (iii) Pepsinogen
• D. Chief cells (iv) Sublingual gland

•
A-(ii), B-(i), C-(iv), D-(iii)
• 20. Match Column I with Column II. (There can be more than one match for
items in column I.)

• A. Bile salts (i) Fatty acids and glycerol

• B. Escherichia coli (ii) Hepatocytes
• C. Duocrinin (iii) Xerophthalmia
• D. Vitamin (iv) Emulsification
• E. A Steapsin (v) Colon
• (vi) Cobalamin
• (vii) Antioxidant
• (viii) Brunner's gland
• (ix) Soluble in water
• (x) Duodenal epithelium
A(ii, iv), B-(v, vi), C-(viii, x), D-(iii, vii), E-(I, ix)
• 21. How does a gastrovascular cavity differ from an
alimentary canal? The gastrovascular cavity
• (a) stores food but does not digest it.
• (b) is usually much larger.
• (c) has only one opening.
• (d) functions in digestion but not absorption.
(c) A gastrovascular cavity has a single opening.
• 22. The largest variety of digestive enzymes function in the
• (a) large intestine.
• (b) oral cavity.
• (c) stomach.
• (d) small intestine.
(d) Enzymes that digest proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates
all function in the small intestine.
• 23. Assertion : Many babies experience neonatal jaundice.
• Reason : Neonatal jaundice is caused due to poor functioning of
liver for a week after birth
• (a) If both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
• (b) If both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
• (c) If A is true but R is false
• (d) If both A and R are false.
(a)
• 24. Assertion : Fatty acids are converted to chylomicrons and
transferred into lymph capillaries called lacteals.
• Reason : Fatty acids cannot be directly absorbed into blood
capillaries by simple diffusion.
• (a) If both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
• (b) If both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
• (c) If A is true but R is false
• (d) If both A and R are false.
(c)
• 25 Assertion : Sodium glycocholate present in bile activates
proelastase.
• Reason : Sodium ions of sodium glycocholate act as cofactor of
proelastase.
• (a) If both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
• (b) If both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
• (c) If A is true but R is false
• (d) If both A and R are false.
(d)
• 26 Assertion : Protein digestion starts in the stomach, not in the buccal
cavity.
• Reason : An absence of acidic environment in buccal cavity fails to
activate proteases and peptidases.
• (a) If both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
• (b) If both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
• (c) If A is true but R is false
• (d) If both A and R are false.
(c)
• 27.Assertion : E.coli inhabits the colon but is not killed by body defense
system.
• Reason : E.collproduces cobalamin, thiamine and riboflavin.
• prolactin released from posterior lobe of pituitary gland.
• (a) If both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
• (b) If both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
• (c) If A is true but R is false
• (d) If both A and R are false.
(b)
• 28. Assertion : Peristalsis is the pushing of food through the
oesophagus by muscular movement.
• Reason : Persistaltic movement helps in breaking down of food
particles into simpler substances.
• (a) If both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
• (b) If both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
• (c) If A is true but R is false
• (d) If both A and R are false.
(c)
• 29. Assertion : Pepsin activation is an autocatalytic reaction.
• Reason : Activated pepsin itself changes pepsinogen into
pepsin.

• (a) If both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

• (b) If both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
• (c) If A is true but R is false
• (d) If both A and R are false.
•
(a)
• 30. Assertion : Marasmus affects children below age of one year
and the symptoms include prominent ribs, wrinkled skin and thin limbs.
• Reason : Deficiency of proteins in diet causes marasmus.

• (a) If both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

• (b) If both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
• (c) If A is true but R is false
• (d) If both A and R are false.
(b)
• 31. Assertion : Neural control of digestion is regulated by vagus
nerve.
• Reason : Vagus nerve stimulation increases secretion of pancreatic
juice.
• (a) If both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
• (b) If both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
• (c) If A is true but R is false
• (d) If both A and R are false.
(c)
• 32. Assertion : Infants are not able to control defecation.
• Reason : In infants, defecation occurs by reflex action without the
voluntary control of anal sphincter.

• (a) If both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

• (b) If both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
• (c) If A is true but R is false
• (d) If both A and R are false.
(a)
• 33. Study the given diagrammatic
representation of transverse section of
gut and answer the following questions

• (a) Identify the label A. What is its

function?
• (b) Layer B is a mucosal layer and consists
of blood vessels, connective tissue and
lymphoid tissues. Identify B.
• (c) What does 'C' represent? In which
layer is 'C present?
(a) A represents Auerbach's plexus, present in muscularis
layer. Auerbach's plexus controls peristalsis.
(b) Layer B is lamina propria.
(c) C is Meissner's plexus present in submucosa layer of wall
of alimentary canal.
• 34. Refer to the given figure and answer
the following questions. Opening of gastric
gland

• (a) Identify A, B, C, and D in the given figure.

• (b) What will happen if A and B type of cells are
removed from the stomach epithelium?
(a) A — Oxyntic cell / parietal cell
B — Chief cells
C — Mucous cells
D — Argentaffin cell
(b) A (Oxyntic cell) secretes hydrochloric acid and Castle's intrinsic
factor whereas B (chief cell) secretes digestive enzymes
pepsinogen and prorennin (as proenzymes) If under certain
conditions, these cells are removed from gastric epithelium.
• 35. Certain amino acids are essential to the diet of animals
because
• (a) they prevent overnourishment
• (b) they are cofactors and coenzymes that are required for normal
physiological function.
• (c) an animal cannot directly synthesize them through the transfer of an
amino group to an appropriate carbon skeleton.
• (d) animals need these substances in order to make the stored fats that
are used during hibernation and migration.
(c) Essential amino acids must be acquired through diet
because an animal cannot directly synthesize all of the
amino acids needed for protein.
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