AiVSIIAGMA 9001-B97

(Revision of
ANSIIAGMA 9001-A86)

AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD

Flexible Couplings - Lubrication

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AGMA STANDARD
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T
-= Reproduced By GLOBAL
a ENGINEERING DOCUMENTS
--= With
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The Permission Of AGMA
Under Royalty Agreement
 S T D - A G M A SOUL-B-ENGL 1777 m Ob87575 0004LLiZ b b 5 m

Flexible Couplings - Lubrication

ANWAGMA 9001-B97
National [Revision of ANWAGMA 9001-A86]
Standard Approval of an American National Standard requires verification by ANSI that the require-
ments for due process, consensus, and other criteria for approval have been met by the
standards developer.
Consensus is established when, in the judgment of the ANSI Board of Standards Review,
substantial agreement has been reached by directly and materially affected interests.
Substantial agreement means much more than a simple majority, but not necessarily una-
nimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered, and that a
concerted effort be made toward their resolution.
’
The use of American National Standards is completely voluntary; their existence does not
in any respect preclude anyone, whether he has approved the standards or not, from
manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not
conforming to the standards.
The American National Standards Institute does not develop standards and will in no
circumstances give an interpretation of any American National Standard. Moreover, no
person shall have the right or authority to issue an interpretation of an American National
Standard in the name of the American National Standards Institute. Requests for interpre-
tation of this standard should be addressed to the American Gear Manufacturers
Association.
CAUTION NOTICE: AGMA technical publications are subject to constant improvement,
revision, or withdrawal as dictated by experience. Any person who refers to any AGMA
Technical Publication should be sure that the publication is the latest available from the
Association on the subject matter.
[Tables or other self-supporting sections may be quoted or extracted. Credit lines should
read: Extracted from ANSVAGMA 9001-B97, Flexible Couplings - Lubrication, with the
permission of the publisher, the American Gear Manufacturers Association, 1500 King
Street, Suite 201, Alexandria, Virginia 22314.1

Approved March 25, 1997

ABSTRACT
This standard provides information on lubrication of gear couplings, chain couplings and metallic grid cou-
plings. Types of lubricants and lubrication methods and practices are included. In addition, selection guides for
grease and oil lubrication are provided.

Published by

American Gear Manufacturers Association

1500 King Street, Suite 201, Alexandria, Virginia 22314

Copyright O 1997 by American Gear Manufacturers Association

All rights reserved.

No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic

retrieval system or otherwise, without prior written permission of the publisher.

Printed in the United States of America

ISBN: i-mag-686-3

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Contents
Page
Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iv
1 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
2 Normative references . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
3 Grease lubrication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
4 Oil lubrication - external . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
5 Oil lubrication - self contained . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
6 Lubricant selection guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Tables

1 Grease lubricated coupling operating classifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

2 AGMA coupling grease specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

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ANSI/AGMA 9001-897 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD

Foreword
p h e foreword, footnotes, and annexes, if any, in this document are provided for
informational purposes only and are not to be construed as a part of ANSI/AGMA Standard
9001-897, Flexible Couplings - Lubrication.]
Coupling lubrication requirements are unique. Proper lubrication is an essential element for
the satisfactory performance and long life of lubricated flexible couplings. Requisites for
proper lubrication are: selection of proper lubricant, a well designed lubrication system, and
an adequate maintenance program. This requires the cooperation of the manufacturer,the
user, and the lubricant supplier.
Work was begun on the standard by AGMA Flexible Product Group 5, Technical Committee
in January, 1973. To insure representation of the manufacturer, the user, and the lubricant
supplier, a group from ASTM Technical Division G on Lubricating Greases was asked to
participate. This standard was prepared as a joint effort of both groups. It was approved by
the AGMA membership in March 1986 and approved as an American National Standard on
February 18, 1987.
This revised version of the standard was approved by the AGMA membership in March
1997, and as an American National Standard on March 25, 1997.
Suggestions for improvement of this standard will be welcome. They should be sent to the
American Gear Manufacturers Association, 1500 King Street, Suite 201, Alexandria,
Virginia 22314.

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AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ANSI/AGMA 9001-897

PERSONNEL of the AGMA Flexible Couplings Committee

Chairman: Donald B. Cutler ...................... Rexnord Corporation

Vice Chairman: Glenn Pokrandt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Falk Corporation

ACTIVE MEMBERS

T.G. Fromknecht . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Zurn Industries, Inc.

J.W. Mahan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lovejoy, Inc.
J.R. Mancuso . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kop-Flex, Inc.
R.E. Munyon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kop-Flex, Inc.
J.O. Tennies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Renold, Inc.
R.G. Thompson . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deck Manufacturing Corporation

ASSOCIATE MEMBERS

P. Dixon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Metal Improvement Company

T. Hewiti . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rexnord Corporation
D.W. Hindman . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rexnord Corporation
V. Ivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Xtek, Inc.
E.C. Kus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deck Manufacturing Corporation
D. Lindsay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Emerson Power Transmission
J.O. Mays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rexnord Corporation
J. Paluh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Zurn industries, Inc.
S . Levi Pearson . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mobil Oil Corporation
A. E. Phillips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rockwell Automation/Dodge
W. Pizzichil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Philadelphia Gear Corporation
R. Post.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Renold, Inc.
D. Reynolds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rockwell Automation/Dodge
E.I. Rivin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wayne State University
T.M. Schatzka . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lovejoy, Inc.
J.F. Slusarick . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Huffman Corporation
R. Whitney . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Emerson Power Transmission

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AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD
American National Standard -
Flexible Couplings -
Lubrication
i Scope
1.1 Types of flexible couplings
This standard covers the lubrication of the following
types of flexible couplings and generally applies to
other types of lubricated couplings.
- gear couplings;
- chain couplings;
- metallic grid couplings.
Some types of flexible couplings do not require
lubrication.
1.2 Types of lubricants
The types of lubricants for flexible couplings covered
in this standard are:
- oils;
- greases.
NOTE: Correct lubrication can minimize wear, but it is
not a substitute for correct alignment.
1.3 Lubrication methods and practices
The flexible coupling lubrication methods and
practices covered in this standard are:
- Self-contained lubricant. In this category
lubricants can be oils or greases.
- Externally supplied lubricant. In this catego-
ry, the couplings can be continuously supplied
with oil at a specified flow rate, be dip lubricated,
submerged in oil, or intermittently lubricated with
oil that is replenished periodically.
1.4 Application limitations
1.4.1 Food and drug industry
The lubricants covered by this standard are not
recommended for food and drug industry applica-
ANSI/AGMA 9001-897
tions where contact with the product being
manufactured may occur. The user must assume
the responsibility for selecting the proper lubricant
for all food and drug industry applications.
1.4.2 Experience
Coupling manufacturer’s recommendations may
vary for a specific application based on experience.
1.4.3 Cooling
This standard does not apply to couplings where an
oil flow is provided solely for cooling purposes.
2 Normative references
The following standards contain provisions which,
through reference in this text, constitute provisions of
this American National Standard. At the time of
publication, the editions indicated were valid. All
standards are subject to revision, and parties to
agreements based on this American National
Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibil-
ity of applying the most recent editions of the
standards indicated below.
ANSVASTM D128-89d, Methods of Analysis of
Lubricating Grease
ANSI/ASTM D217-88, Method of Test for Cone
Penetration of Lubricating Grease
ANSI/ASTM 0445-88, Method of Test for Kinemat-
ic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids
(and the Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
ANSVASTM D566-87, Test Method for Dropping
Point of Lubricating Grease
ANSVASTM D942-90, Test Method for Oxidation
Stability of Lubricating Greases by the Oxygen
Bomb Method
ANSVASTM D1743-87, Method of Test for Corro-
sion Prevention Properties of Lubricating Greases
ANSI/ASTM D2265-88, Method of Test for Drop-
ping Point of Lubricating Grease of Wide
Temperature Range
ANSVASTM D2509-91, Test Method for Measure-
ment of Load-Carrying Capacity of Lubricating
Grease (7Ïmken Method)
ANSVASTM D2596-87, Method for Measurement
of Extreme-Pressure Properties of Lubricating
Greases (Four-Ball Method)
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ANSI/ASTM D4425-90,Test Method for Oil Sepa- coupling isclosed. This isto prevent bare metal contact
ration from Lubricating Grease by Centrifuging between working surfaces on the initial start up.
(Koppers Method) 3.2 Re-lubrication practices

Periodic maintenance of couplings is necessary if

3 Grease lubrication
3.1 Lubrication at assembly
Two methods for lubricating flexible couplings with
grease are as follows:
3.1.1 Lubrication before closing coupling
An appropriate amount of grease is manually applied
into each working part of the coupling so that the
teeth and slots are coated with grease.
3.1.2 Lubrication after closing coupling
In the installed condition, two lube plugs in the
periphery of the coupling are removed. The correct
amount of grease, as specified in the coupling
manufacturer’s recommendations, is pumped in.
The lube plugs are replaced and properly seated.
Always use the same type of lube plugs or fittings as
originally furnished by the coupling manufacturer.
NOTE: It is suggested that the working surfaces of the
coupling be coated with the specified grease before the
the couplings are to give satisfactory service. This
should be done at regular intervals as suggested by
the coupling manufacturer or coupling grease
manufacturer, or more oíten as indicated by experi-
ence. It is desirable to disassemble and clean
couplings periodicallyto rid them of foreign material
and to check moving parts for wear. The couplings
are completely disassembled and all the parts are
washed in a solvent. After they are dry they are
carefully inspected to see that all foreign particles
are removed and that wearing parts are in good
condition. The coupling, with worn parts replaced as
necessary, is then lubricated per 3.1.1 or 3.1.2.
3.3 Separation problems
The elements of a grease, namely the base oil, the
thickeners, and the additives are subject to separa-
tion due to centrifugal force generated by coupling
rotation. The method used to minimize centrifugal
separation is to equalize, as closely as possible, the
specific gravity of all these elements. See tables 1
and 2 and clause 6.

Table 1 - Grease lubricated coupling operating classifications

Operating Operating Operating
Operating conditions
group I group II group 111
1. Rotational speed (rpm)
Shait diameter, d (in) 53600 2-2800 ,) 5
2800
7 1)
;d \d
Shaft diameter, d (mm) 53600 1 14 100
7 5 14 100
7
Jd r’d
2. Misalignment (degree) a314 5112 2314
3. Continuous torque, T
lb-in r1200 d3 21200 d3 2 , 21200 d-’ ?)
1200 ds
Nm I 28.3 x d3 28.3 x d3
(8.8)(25.4)3
4. Peak torque r2.5 T s2.5 T 22.5 T
5. Maximum coupling surface temperature 150°F (65°C) 170°F (77°C) 212°F (lOO°C)
6. Normal re-lube interval mon th^)^) 6-12 12-36 1 or less
NOTES:
1) Relates to centrifugalforce on the lubricant of approximately 200 G’s.
G
- actual acceleration
is the ratio of gravitational acceleration
28.4 d (rpm)2/106when dis in inches.
M 1.12 d (rpm)2/lO6 when d is in rnrn.
(d is not an exact value as it relates approximatelyto its pitch radius of a coupling.)
2) Relates to shaft torsional stress of approximately 6000 Ib/in2 (0.207 MPal.
3) The actual re-lube interval is dependent upon experience with the specific application.

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AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ANSI/AGMA 9001-897

Table 2 - AGMA coupling grease specifications')

Characteristic
(test method) Type CG-12) TvDe CG-22) TvDe CG-3*)
1. Minimum base oil viscosity:
In centistokes 198 at 40°C (104°F) 288 at 40°C (104°F) 30 at 100°C (212°F)
In SSU (approx.) 900 at 100°F (38°C) 1300 at 100°F (38°C) 150 at 210°F (99°C)
2. Separation characteristics 3, K36 5 60/24, or 8% K36 5 24/24 No restriction
maximum fluid insol-
uble material
3. National Lubrication Grease
Institute (NLGI) grade
(a) Metallic grid 1 thru 3 1 thru 3 1 thru 3
(b) Gear or chain
where rpm a O thru 3 O thru 1 1 thru 2
200/4/8 in
1008/ 4 2 mm 4,
where rpm s O thru 1 Not applicable 1 thru 2
200/d/d in
1008/ Jd mm 4,
4. Minimum dropping point 190°F (88°C) 195°F (91OC) 302°F (150°C)
5 . Compatibility 5, The coupling grease must be compatible with coupling seals and
gaskets.
6. Oxidation resistance - max. 20 Ib/in2 (13 790 Pa) 20 Ib/in2 (13 790 Pa) 20 Ib/in2 (13 790 Pa)
pressure drop at 1O0 hours
7. Anti-rust properties Not required ASTM Rating Pass ASTM Rating Pass
8. Anti-wear additives 5, Not required Not required Required 6,
9. Extreme pressure (EP) Not required 7, Not required 7, Required
additives 5,
1O. Timken OK load Not required Not required 40 Ib minimum
11. Four ball EP test Not required Not required Weld point 250 kg
minimum
NOTES:
1) Accepted test methods:
- Viscosity ASTM D-445
- Grease composition ASTM D-128
- Centrifuge test ASTM D-4425
- NLGI Grade ASTM D-217
- Dropping point ASTM D-566 or D-2265
- Anti-rust properties ASTM D-1743
- Oxidation resistance ASTM D-942
- Four ball EP test ASTM D-2596
- Timken OK load ASTM D-2509
2) See 6.1.2 for lubricant selection guide.
3) ASTM centrifuge test (see 3.3.1 for test method).
4) Relates to a centrifugal force on the lubricant of approximately 1O G.
5) No test method.
6) Experience has shown that a minimum of 5% (by weight) MoSp (molybdenum disulfide) is be efici I for
couplings with hardened teeth.
7) EPadditives recommended by some coupling manufacturers.

3.3.1 ASTM Centrifuge test for greases (ASTM
D-4425, Oil separation from lubricating grease
by centrifuging)
Test method summary: Centrifuge tubes are
charged with grease samples and are placed in the
centrifuge. The grease samples are subjected to a
centrifugal force equivalent to 36 O00 G's, at 122°F
(50"C), for specific periods of time. The resistanceof
the grease to oil separation is then defined as a ratio
Of the percent Of Oil separated to the total number of
hours of testing, normally 24 hours. The 24 hour test
was used to generate the data in table 2.

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4 Oil lubrication - external
4.1 Continuous flow
Oil is injected into the coupling by an oil jet directed
toward collecting lips (fixed or removable) or rings.
The oil is either injected at one end of the coupling
and exits at the other, or each end of the coupling is
lubricated separately. The oil collectors can be
provided on the sleeves, spacers, hubs or rigid hubs,
as a function of the design. The oil jets are created
by nozzles designed to provide the required oil flow.
4.1.1 Flow rate
The oil flow for a given coupling type, or design, is a
function of coupling size, transmitted power, and
speed of rotation. Two basic design features are
influential in determining the oil flow:
- In couplings incorporating an oil exit dam, the
oil flow is determined by the cooling requirements;
- In couplings without an oil exit dam, the oil
flow must be large enough to ensure flooding of
the coupling teeth or other working surfaces. This
flow is usually larger than that required for cooling.
4.1.2 Oil type
Usually, continuously lubricated couplings share the
oil with the connected machinery bearings. When-
ever low viscosity oil, such as turbine oil, is used, it is
recommended that the oil be cooled to 100°F (35°C)
or less, in order to increase its viscosity before
entering the couplings.
4.2 Dip lubrication
When the coupling operates above the oil surface,
lubrication is provided either by an oil pump or
through splashing. In either case, the oil flow to the
coupling is supplied from the housing and is a
function of the machinery’s rotational speed. The oil
discharged by the coupling remains within the
common housing.
4.3 Submerged lubrication
When the working surfaces of acoupling are partially
or totally submerged in oil, the lubrication require-
ments are satisfied by the flow of oil from the housing
oil into the coupling. This flow decreases as the
speed increases and such couplings are especially
designed for each particular application. In order to
ensure adequate lubrication, submerged couplings
are provided with holes in the covers (or sleeves).
Pick-up scoops or other attachments may also be
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added to the coupling to aid in assuring adequate
lubrication.
4.4 Sludge problems
Sludge is foreign material, including water, which
gains entry into the coupling; wear particles are often
mixed with the sludge.
4.4.1 Sludge accumulation
Sludge accumulation may be detrimental to equip-
ment which must run continuously for long intervals
between scheduled maintenance shut downs.
Sludge may affect couplings in the following ways:
- reduce, or prevent, relative axial movement
between coupling parts;
- cause, or encourage, corrosion of the cou-
pling, and tend to accelerate wear;
- reduce, or stop, the flow of oil, thereby caus-
ing the coupling to operate without sufficient
lubricant and at a higher than normal
temperature;
- increase axial and bending moment reac-
tions.
4.4.2 Sludge control
Methods used (singly or in combination) to minimize
sludge accumulation include:
- very fine filtration of the oil to remove foreign
matter;
- centrifugal separators to remove water from
the oil;
- sealing the lubricant system from the contam-
inated atmosphere. For example, nitrogen purge
is used on coupling housings and oil reservoirs;
- installation of new couplings which do not in-
corporate oil exit dams, thus minimizing sludge
accumulation;
CAUTION: Couplings without oil exit dams require a
larger oil flow than couplings with dams. Consult
manufacturer for correct oil flow.
- modification of existing couplings, or
installation of new couplings to incorporate
sludge removal holes, thus reducing sludge
accumulation.
CAUTION: Manufacturers must be consulted before
using this method.
4.4.3 Sludge removal
It is recommended that the coupling be opened and
sludge removed soon after start up and thereafter as
often as practical, based on operating experience.
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Sludge should be removed mechanically and chemi-
cally. Removing the coupling from the shafts is not
usually necessary, particularly if the teeth or other
working surfaces can be inspected in place. The
solvents or cleaning agents must be removed and
the coupling inside surfaces oiled before it is closed.
5 Oil lubrication - self contained
If a coupling is supplied with seals, it can be filled at
assembly and operated for an extended period
without further attention. If the coupling is not
provided with seals, it will be designed so that it can
be intermittently supplied with oil.
5.1 Lubrication at assembly (static)
The usual method for filling this type of coupling with
oil is to remove the lube plugs and pour into the
coupling a pre-measured quantity of the recom-
mended oil. It is suggestedthat the working surfaces
of the coupling be coated with the specified oil when
the coupling is assembled. This is to prevent bare
metal contact between working surfaces before the
oil has been fully distributed within the coupling on
the initial start-up.
When no lube plugs are provided, it is necessary to
chili the oil to a suitable temperature so that the
coupling can be filled by hand-packing before final
assembly.
5.2 Intermittent lubrication (dynamic)
In some instances it may be desirable to arrange the
coupling so that a dam ring, instead of a seal, is
provided to retain the lubricant. A specific quantity of
oil is intermittently injected into the coupling.
To ensure that the proper oil level is maintained,
regular intervals must be establishedfor injecting the
lubricant, and the coupling must be rotating at
sufficient speed so that the oil is held by centrifugal
force in an annulus around the inside of the oil dam.
5.3 Re-lubrication practice
Maintenance of the oil filled coupling consists of
basically preventing the lubricant from being ex-
pelled from the coupling to an extent that the
engaging parts come into damaging contact. Flange
surfaces, seals, and gaskets should be maintained
in good condition. Lube plugs should be seated so
m
ANSI/AGMA 9001-E97
that no leakage occurs. A regular schedule should
be established for the lubrication of the coupling.
The coupling should be disassembled and thorough-
ly cleaned periodically. The coupling manufacturer’s
recommended cleaning and lubrication instructions
should be followed.
6 Lubricant selection guide
This guide is particularly useful for plants that
operate with couplings made by various manufactur-
ers, and want to consolidate their lubricants. The
guide is also useful when manufacturers’ instruc- ,
tions are not available; however, it is not meant to
supersede these instructions.
6.1 Grease lubrication
6.1.1 Operating condition
Table 1 defines operating conditions for grease
lubricated couplings. It is based on centrifugal force
(as a result of rotational speed), degree of misalign-
ment, surface temperature, and torque. Determine
the operating classification and then select the
grease type using 6.1.2. The coupling manufacturer
or coupling grease manufacturer should be con-
sulted when either: (a) two or more operating
conditions are near the extremes; or (b) one or more
fall outside the defined limits.
6.1.2 Grease specifications
Table 2 defines the properties of the following AGMA
coupling greases:
AGMA Coupling Grease CG-1 - Intended for Op-
erating Group I only.
AGMA Coupling Grease CG-2 - Intended for Op-
erating Group II (can be used for Operating Group
I if desired).
AGMA Coupling Grease CG-3 - Intended for Op-
erating Group III only.
6.2 Oil lubrication
6.2.1 Gear couplings
6.2.1.1 Oil filled
These couplings should be filled with the specified
quantity of AGMA No. 8 gear oil. For applications
having large torque fluctuations, a higher viscosity oil
can be used. Consult the coupling manufacturer.
6.2.1.2 Continuous, dip and submerged
lubricated couplings
These couplings usually share the lubricant with
other machinery components, in which case boththe
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coupling and the other machinery manufacturer’s
instructions should be followed. (See also 4.1.2).
6.2.2 Chain couplings
Oil is seldom used as the lubricant for chain
couplings. Coupling manufacturer’s instructions
should be followed for suitable specifications.
6.2.3 Metallic grid couplings
Oil is seldom used as the lubricant for metallic grid
couplings. Coupling manufacturer’s instructions
should be followed for suitable specifications.

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PUBLISHED BY
AMERICAN GEAR MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION
1500 KING STREET, ALEXANDRIA, VIRGINIA 22314