I

C
International
Classification of

S
Sleep Disorders
Third Edition

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3
American Academy of Sleep Medicine
Copyright © 2014 American Academy of Sleep Medicine,
2510 North Frontage Road, Darien, IL 60561, U.S.A.

Copies of the manual are available from the American Academy of

Sleep Medicine in the U.S.A.

All rights reserved. Unless authorized in writing by the AASM, no portion

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the copyright. This applies to unauthorized reproductions in any form,
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Correspondence regarding copyright permissions should be directed to the

Executive Director, American Academy of Sleep Medicine, 2510 North
Frontage Road, Darien, IL 60561, U.S.A. Translations to other languages
must be authorized by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, U.S.A.

Recommended Citation

American Academy of Sleep Medicine. International classification of sleep

disorders, 3rd ed. Darien, IL: American Academy of Sleep Medicine, 2014.

International classification of sleep disorders, 3rd ed. American Academy of

Sleep Medicine. Includes bibliographies and index.

1. Sleep Disorders – Classification. 2. Sleep Disorders – Diagnosis

ISBN: 0991543416 (print)

ISBN: 0991543408 (online)

Table of Contents
About the Editor............................................................................................8

Editor’s Notes................................................................................................9

Acknowledgments.......................................................................................10

Introduction..................................................................................................13

Insomnia.......................................................................................................19
Chronic Insomnia Disorder..................................................................................... 21
Short-Term Insomnia Disorder................................................................................ 41
Other Insomnia Disorder......................................................................................... 46
ISOLATED SYMPTOMS AND NORMAL VARIANTS
Excessive Time in Bed............................................................................................ 47
Short Sleeper.......................................................................................................... 47

Sleep Related Breathing Disorders...........................................................49

OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA DISORDERS
Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Adult.............................................................................. 53
Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Pediatric........................................................................ 63
CENTRAL SLEEP APNEA SYNDROMES
Central Sleep Apnea with Cheyne-Stokes Breathing............................................. 69
Central Apnea Due to a Medical Disorder without Cheyne-Stokes Breathing........ 75
Central Sleep Apnea Due to High Altitude Periodic Breathing................................ 79
Central Sleep Apnea Due to a Medication or Substance........................................ 85
Primary Central Sleep Apnea................................................................................. 89
Primary Central Sleep Apnea of Infancy................................................................. 94
Primary Central Sleep Apnea of Prematurity.......................................................... 98
Treatment-Emergent Central Sleep Apnea........................................................... 102
SLEEP RELATED HYPOVENTILATION DISORDERS
Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome....................................................................... 108
Congenital Central Alveolar Hypoventilation Syndrome....................................... 113
Late-Onset Central Hypoventilation with Hypothalamic Dysfunction.................... 118
Idiopathic Central Alveolar Hypoventilation.......................................................... 121
Sleep Related Hypoventilation Due to a Medication or Substance...................... 124
Sleep Related Hypoventilation Due to a Medical Disorder................................... 128
SLEEP RELATED HYPOXEMIA DISORDER
Sleep Related Hypoxemia.................................................................................... 134

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Table of Contents

ISOLATED SYMPTOMS AND NORMAL VARIANTS

Snoring.................................................................................................................. 139
Catathrenia........................................................................................................... 141

Central Disorders of Hypersomnolence..................................................143

Narcolepsy Type 1................................................................................................ 146
Narcolepsy Type 2................................................................................................ 155
Idiopathic Hypersomnia........................................................................................ 161
Kleine-Levin Syndrome......................................................................................... 166
Hypersomnia Due to a Medical Disorder.............................................................. 171
Hypersomnia Due to a Medication or Substance................................................. 175
Hypersomnia Associated with a Psychiatric Disorder........................................... 179
Insufficient Sleep Syndrome................................................................................. 182
ISOLATED SYMPTOMS AND NORMAL VARIANTS
Long Sleeper........................................................................................................ 187

Circadian Rhythm Sleep-Wake Disorders...............................................189

Delayed Sleep-Wake Phase Disorder.................................................................. 191
Advanced Sleep-Wake Phase Disorder................................................................ 198
Irregular Sleep-Wake Rhythm Disorder................................................................ 204
Non-24-Hour Sleep-Wake Rhythm Disorder......................................................... 209
Shift Work Disorder............................................................................................... 215
Jet Lag Disorder.................................................................................................... 220
Circadian Sleep-Wake Disorder Not Otherwise Specified (NOS)......................... 224

Parasomnias..............................................................................................225
NREM-RELATED PARASOMNIAS
Disorders of Arousal (From NREM Sleep)............................................................ 228
Confusional Arousals............................................................................................ 229
Sleepwalking......................................................................................................... 229
Sleep Terrors......................................................................................................... 230
Sleep Related Eating Disorder............................................................................. 240
REM-RELATED PARASOMNIAS
REM Sleep Behavior Disorder.............................................................................. 246
Recurrent Isolated Sleep Paralysis....................................................................... 254
Nightmare Disorder............................................................................................... 257
OTHER PARASOMNIAS
Exploding Head Syndrome................................................................................... 264
Sleep Related Hallucinations................................................................................ 267

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 Table of Contents

Sleep Enuresis...................................................................................................... 270

Parasomnia Due to a Medical Disorder................................................................ 276
Parasomnia Due to a Medication or Substance................................................... 276
Parasomnia, Unspecified ..................................................................................... 278
ISOLATED SYMPTOMS AND NORMAL VARIANTS
Sleep Talking......................................................................................................... 279

Sleep Related Movement Disorders........................................................281

Restless Legs Syndrome...................................................................................... 282
Periodic Limb Movement Disorder........................................................................ 292
Sleep Related Leg Cramps................................................................................... 299
Sleep Related Bruxism......................................................................................... 303
Sleep Related Rhythmic Movement Disorder....................................................... 312
Benign Sleep Myoclonus of Infancy...................................................................... 317
Propriospinal Myoclonus at Sleep Onset.............................................................. 321
Sleep Related Movement Disorder Due to a Medical Disorder............................ 325
Sleep Related Movement Disorder Due to a Medication or Substance................ 326
Sleep Related Movement Disorder, Unspecified.................................................. 327
ISOLATED SYMPTOMS AND NORMAL VARIANTS
Excessive Fragmentary Myoclonus ..................................................................... 328
Hypnagogic Foot Tremor and Alternating Leg Muscle Activation......................... 330
Sleep Starts (Hypnic Jerks).................................................................................. 335

Other Sleep Disorder................................................................................339

Appendix A:
Sleep Related Medical and Neurological Disorders...............................341
Fatal Familial Insomnia......................................................................................... 342
Sleep Related Epilepsy......................................................................................... 345
Sleep Related Headaches.................................................................................... 350
Sleep Related Laryngospasm............................................................................... 355
Sleep Related Gastroesophageal Reflux.............................................................. 358
Sleep Related Myocardial Ischemia..................................................................... 363

Appendix B:
ICD-10-CM Coding for Substance-Induced Sleep Disorders.................369

Glossary.....................................................................................................371

Index...........................................................................................................377