ODA BULTUM UNIVERSITY

Institute of Technology
Project Proposal title: -
Construction of precast concrete circular pipe culvert at lega
Bas River in West Hararghe zone chiro town

Submitted to Oda Bultum University Office of The Research and

Community Engagement Affairs Vice president

Initiator: -

Olyad Dagnie
Dereje Mekonin
Hundessa Siraj
Ambess Shimeliss
Abdulaziz Husen
Nadi Nuru
Ahmednasir Amin
Chala Daba

Date May, 2020

Table of Contents
Abstract...........................................................................................................................................II

1. Background..............................................................................................................................1

2. Goals and Objectives................................................................................................................2

3. Methodology............................................................................................................................2

3.1. Culvert Installation and Selection Guidelines...................................................................2

3.2. Methods to install precast concrete circular pipes............................................................3

4. Expected Results.....................................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.

5. Collaboration for intervention..................................................................................................4

6. Time table and proposed budget..............................................................................................5

References........................................................................................................................................8

List of figure

Figure 1:- Layout of culvert pipes..........................................................................................5

Figure 2:-Elevation view........................................................................................................5
Figure 3:- Section Detail for wing walls, canals, and rip-rap.................................................6

List of tables
Table 1:- Description, quantity and cost estimation........................................................................6
Table 2:- Manpower Required, duration, work load and Total costs..............................................7

[I]
 Abstract
The objective of this project proposal is to overcome the problems due to lega bas river located
in west hararghe chiro town during the heavy rain season.

Its proposed to construct the structure that serves as bridge for community that lives around the
rivers on both sides and passengers from others.

For this project the types of river cross structure selected is a culvert. A culvert is a transverse
and fully enclosed drainage structure that runs under a road or portion of land. The size and type
of culvert depend on the amount of water flowing, the area that is discharging to it and how deep
the culvert is being installed. Culverts will always serve to convey water through a pipe or
channel. Generally, selection and type of material will depend on the comparative cost, the
location of the structure, availability of skilled labor, time limitations and design being proposed.

The types of culvert selected for this project are precast reinforced concrete circular pipes.

[II]
 1. Background
The objective of roadway drainage is to prevent on site water standing on the surface and convey
the offsite storm runoff from one side of the roadway to the other. To carry out the offsite
drainage either a culvert or a bridge should be used. Culverts are closed conduits in which the top
of the structure is covered by embankment at a minimum thickness of 30cm (AACRA, 2004)
[ CITATION Add04 \l 1033 ].

A culvert is a transverse and fully enclosed drainage structure that runs under a road or portion of
land. The size and type of culvert depend on the amount of water flowing, the area that is
discharging to it and how deep the culvert is being installed. Some culverts can also serve as
roadway surfaces, but they will always serve to convey water through a pipe or channel.
Generally, selection and type of material will depend on the comparative cost, the location of the
structure, availability of skilled labor, time limitations and design being proposed.

Some of the types culverts used for drainage systems depending on geometry are box culvert,
arch culvert, pipe culvert and etc.

From this type of culverts, Pipes culverts are available in different shapes such as circular,
elliptical and pipe arches. Although circular pipes are the most common, other shapes might be
used depending on site conditions and constraints at the job site. Their prices are very
competitive, and they are very easy to install. As with other culvert types, the selection of the
culvert will depend on hydraulic design and other factors that might affect their performance and
suitability. it is the preferred one on urbanized areas and is the one usually used to manage storm
sewer systems[ CITATION Urb \l 1033 ].

The river called lega bas located in western hararghe chiro town is the reason for the project
proposed. During the heavy rain season this river creates high flood that prevents the passengers
to cross the river. This the fundamental problems for communities’ lives in the town near the
river on both sides. In order to solve this problem, OBU community services decide to prepare
the project. This project is constructing the small bridge or culvert. They invited an expert to
reach the solution and to select the types of river crossing structures. By this manner the type of
culvert called circular precast reinforced concrete pipe were selected. The detail of the structure
is presented in the following subsection.

[III]
 2. Goals and Objectives
The goals and objectives this project is to build the structure that create the opportunity for the
passengers or the community that lives on both sides of the lega bas river located in western
hararghe chiro town.

3. Methodology
3.1. Culvert Installation and Selection Guidelines

When deciding the type of culvert appropriate for the project, you will need to consider the
following:

i. The culvert needs to be installed at the right elevation and grade to avoid erosion
problems.
ii. Maintenance of closed culverts can be a problem and will be more challenging as time
goes by. Cost of maintenance should be considered during the selection process.
iii. The inlet and outlet of the culvert need to be carefully designed and installed. Mitered
ends are the most effective way a culvert can end. Mitered ends will allow for the right
flow and will facilitate the flow process.
iv. Flared ends at the outlet of a culvert can reduce or prevent scouring.
v. It is recommended to install rip-raps or similar structure to prevent erosion at the culvert
outflow.
vi. The right aggregate material shall be used to backfill on the sides, underneath and on top
of the culvert if required. The right aggregate will prevent erosion and will protect the
culvert itself.
vii. Consider the traffic that will be driving over the culvert and how deep it will be installed.
Sometimes culverts will collapse if not designed properly.
viii. The cost to install and resources available should always be an important factor to
consider before making the right selection.

These are some of the points to be considered for the construction of culverts.

[IV]
 3.2. Methods to install precast concrete circular pipes

For many years, the American Concrete Pipe Association has conducted comprehensive research
and analysis of the factors which affect the field performance of concrete pipe. The knowledge
and beneficial practices gained through research and experience are presented in the manual of
American concrete pipe association[ CITATION Ame06 \l 1033 ]. This manual with AACRA 2004
are used for this project taking into account the environmental effects and availability of
resources.

While focusing on the construction of the culvert pipes, it is also important to consider factors
critical to the completion of the entire system, from delivery of the concrete pipe to the jobsite, to
the acceptance of the installed pipeline. The methods are presented as below.

i. Gathering the data required to design the pipe culverts, such as discharge of the flood,
location, direction of the run off flow and considering the traffic that will be driving over
the culvert and how deep it will be installed and etc.
ii. Depending on the data in the i, preparing the layout or plan of culverts and designing the
culvert.
iii. Ordering the precast concrete pipe according the design specification.
iv. Preparing the setting out for the proposed culvert
v. Carrying out the excavation required as per specification
vi. Ordering the material required for the construction of parts the culverts such as deck that
underneath the concrete pipes.
vii. Constructing the deck underneath the pipes with side walls up to the required level as per
design specifications
viii. After all is prepared to put pipes on the deck, bringing the pipes required to the
construction site.
ix. Safely putting the pipes at the required position as per specification using machinery.
x. Constructing the wall sides up to the required length as per specification
xi. The right aggregate material shall be used to backfill on the sides, underneath and on top
of the culvert if required. The right aggregate will prevent erosion and will protect the
culvert itself.

[V]
xii. Constructing sidewall or retaining wall on the upstream and downstream side of the
culverts
xiii. It is recommended to install rip-raps or similar structure to prevent erosion at the culvert
outflow as per specification.
xiv. Constructing the canal on both sides the roads from the higher elevation side of road way
that brings the surface water to the culvert.
xv. Damping and compacting the selected materials to increase the elevation on the road
ways to the culverts on the lower elevation side.
xvi. Cart away to clean the environment after the overall construction is completed.

4. Beneficiary of the Project

In general, the community living around the river known as lega bas and passenger from
others are beneficiary from this structure.

In particular,

 The public and private workers do not miss their works because of the river during
heavy rain season.
 Pregnant, ill and other peoples go to the health center at any times
 The road way cross the culvert also give access to any types of vehicles
 The new OBU university branch are also beneficiary from this works etc.

5. Collaboration for intervention

This works is proposed to be implemented by an expert from different disciplines those related to
the field. Members in the team workers are professionals.

They are from the following disciplines: -

i. Structural Engineering
ii. Civil Engineering
iii. Hydraulic Engineering
iv. Water Resource Engineering

[VI]
 v. Irrigation Engineering and other disciplines

6. Time table and proposed budget

In order to plan the time table to complete the work and to predict budget required, it is
necessary to present the description of the design. The layout or plan for the culvert is shown in
figure 1, elevation views in figure 2 and section detail in figure 3.

Figure 1:- Layout of culvert pipes

[VII]
 Figure 2:-Elevation view

Figure 3:- Section Detail for wing walls, canals, and rip-rap

However, the culvert is under construction. Therefore in this work only the materials and
manpower’s required to complete the works are presented in table 1 and 2.

I. Quantity and cost estimation

Table 1:- Description, quantity and cost estimation

Ite Description Quantity Unit Total

m Price in amount in
ETB ETB

[VIII]
 1 Removing the sediments from the upstream 8hrs 1500 12000
using machinery
2 Selected material for back fill 174.74m3 100 17474
3 Stone for Masonry Works 118.8m3 450 53460
4 Canal Works
4.1 Stone works 23.4m3 450 10530
4.2 Sand/red ash 21.8m3 155 3379
5 Concrete work
5.1 Hard core 6.5m3 450 2925
5.2 Cement for all required works 40 bags 150 6000
A Subtotal in ETB 105768

II. Man power required

Table 2:- Manpower Required, duration, work load and Total costs

Personnel Number of Personnel Duration/ Work load per a Total amount in

number of day ETB
days
Site Engineer 8 15 402 48240
Mason 6 20 402 48240
Daily Workers 23 20 100 46000
B Subtotal in ETB 142480
Grand Total in ETB =A+B 248,248

The time required to complete the work are 30 days. The schedule will be prepared from the day
after site handovers.

The total budget required to complete the work without contingency is two hundred and fourty
eight thousand and two hundred fourty eight ETB (248,248.00ETB).

[IX]
 References

[1] Addis Ababa City Roads Administration (AACRA), "Drainage Design Manual, Addis
Ababa," 2004.
[2] "Urban Drainage Design Manual," in U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway
Administration (2001), HydraulicEngineering Circular No. 22, Second Edition.
[3] American Concrete Pipe Association, "Concrete Pipe and Box Culvert Installation," 2006.

[X]