RELATIONS

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 Relation
Let A and B be set. A relation R from A to B is a subset of AxB.

Given an ordered pair (x,y) in AxB, x is related to y by R, written xRy, if,

and only if, (x,y) is in R.

The set A is called the domain of R and the set B is called the co-
domain

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 Example
Let A={1,2}
B={1,2,3}
define a relation R from A to B by: 𝑥, 𝑦 ∈ 𝑅 iff (𝑥 − 𝑦)/2 is an integer.

a) State explicitly which ordered pairs are in AxB and which are in R.
b) Is 1 R 3?
c) Is 2 R 3?
d) Is 2 R 2?
e) What are the domain and co-domain of R?
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 Exercises
1. Let Y={0,1,2}
Z={0,1}
define a relation R from Y to Z by: 𝑥, 𝑦 ∈ 𝑅 iff (𝑥 + 𝑦)/2 is an integer.

a) State explicitly which ordered pairs are in YxZ and which are in R.
b) Is 1 R 0?
c) Is 2 R 0?
d) Is 2 R 1?
e) What are the domain and co-domain of R?
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2. Define a relation C from ℝ to ℝ by: 𝑥, 𝑦 ∈ 𝐶 iff 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 1
a) Is 1 C 0?
b) Is 0 C 0?
c) Is −1/2 C 3/2?
d) Is -2 C 0?
e) Is 1 C 1?
f) What are the domain and co-domain of C?
g) Draw a graph for C by plotting the points of C in the Cartesian plane.