Incoterms 2000

EXW (Ex-Works) - named place

Seller delivers when he places goods for
pickup at seller’s premises or another Seller's
Premises
Export
Documents
Delivery at Named
Place Loading Transit Unloading
Delivery at Named
Destination
Import
Documents
Buyer's
Premises

named place (factory, warehouse, etc.), No Costs Buyer’s Costs

not cleared for export and not loaded on a No Risks Buyer’s Risks
collecting vehicle. (Ex. EXW Vernon)

FCA (Free Carrier) - named place

Seller delivers the goods, cleared for
export, to the carrier designated by the Seller's
Premises
Export
Documents
Delivery at Named
Place Loading Transit Unloading
Delivery at Named
Destination
Import
Documents
Buyer's
Premises

buyer at the named place. Delivery of Seller’s Costs Buyer’s Costs

goods typically occurs at a specified point Seller’s Risks Buyer’s Risks
(depot) of departure. (Ex. FCA Los Angeles)
Insurable Interest

FAS (Free Alongside Ship) - named

port of shipment Seller's Export Delivery at Named Onboard Transit Onboard Delivery at Named Import Buyer's
Seller has delivered when the goods are Premises Documents Place Loading Ships Rail Ships Rail Unloading Destination Documents Premises

Seller’s Costs Buyer’s Costs

placed alongside the vessel at the named
port of shipment. Indicate the port of Seller’s Risks Buyer’s Risks

origin (loading) after acronym FAS, as FAS

New York or FAS Hamburg. Insurable Interest

FOB (Free On Board) - named port

of shipment
Seller delivers when the goods pass the Seller's
Premises
Export
Documents
Delivery at Named
Place Loading
Onboard
Ships Rail
Transit Onboard
Ships Rail Unloading
Delivery at Named
Destination
Import
Documents
Buyer's
Premises
ship’s rail at named port of shipment. Seller’s Costs Buyer’s Costs
Under Incoterms 2000, FOB is used for
ocean freight only. However, many sellers Seller’s Risks Buyer’s Risks

still use FOB for air freight. Note, FOB has

a different meaning under US commercial Insurable Interest
laws.

CFR (Cost and Freight) - named

port of destination
Seller delivers when the goods pass the Seller's Export Delivery at Named Onboard Transit Onboard Delivery at Named Import Buyer's
Premises Documents Place Loading Ships Rail Ships Rail Unloading Destination Documents Premises
ship’s rail in port of shipment. Risk of loss
Seller’s Costs Buyer’s Costs
transfers to the buyer at port of shipment.
Seller pays costs and freight to named Seller’s Risks Buyer’s Risks
port of destination. Formerly known as
C&F (Cost and Freight ) which is still
commonly used in air freight. Insurable Interest

CIF (Cost, Insurance and Freight)

– named port of destination
Seller delivers when the goods pass the Seller's Export Delivery at Named Onboard Transit Onboard Delivery at Named Import Buyer's
Premises Documents Place Loading Ships Rail Ships Rail Unloading Destination Documents Premises
ship’s rail in the port of shipment where
Seller’s Costs Buyer’s Costs
risk of loss transfers to buyer. Seller
pays costs and freight to named port of Seller’s Risks Buyer’s Risks
destination as in CFR. But in CIF, seller
also pays for insurance against buyer’s
Insurable Interest Insurance Paid by
risk of loss during carriage. Seller
CPT (Carriage Paid To) – named
place of destination
Seller delivers the goods to the carrier Seller's Export Delivery at Named Delivery at Named Import Buyer's
Premises Documents Place Loading Transit Unloading Destination Documents Premises
named by him, but seller must also
Seller’s Costs Buyer’s Costs
pay the cost of carriage to the named
destination. Buyer bears all risks and Seller’s Risks Buyer’s Risks

any other costs occurring after the goods

have been delivered to the named carrier. Insurable Interest

CIP (Carriage and Insurance Paid

To) – named place of destination
Seller delivers the goods to the carrier Seller's
Premises
Export
Documents
Delivery at Named
Place Loading Transit Unloading
Delivery at Named
Destination
Import
Documents
Buyer's
Premises
nominated by him, but the seller also Seller’s Costs Buyer’s Costs
pays the cost of carriage and insurance
Seller’s Risks Buyer’s Risks
to the named destination. Buyer bears all
risks occurring after the goods have been
delivered to the carrier. Insurable Interest Insurance Paid by
Seller

DAF (Delivered At Frontier) – named

place
Seller delivers when the goods are Seller's Export Delivery at Named Delivery at Named Import Buyer's
Premises Documents Place Loading Transit Unloading Destination Documents Premises
placed at the disposal of the buyer before Seller’s Costs Buyer’s Costs
the customs border of the adjoining
country. Goods are cleared for export, not Seller’s Risks Buyer’s Risks

unloaded and not cleared for import at the

named frontier point. Insurable Interest

DES (Delivered Ex Ship) – named

port of destination
Seller delivers when the goods are placed Seller's
Premises
Export
Documents
Delivery at Named
Place Loading
Onboard
Ships Rail
Transit Onboard
Ships Rail Unloading
Delivery at Named
Destination
Import
Documents
Buyer's
Premises
at the disposal of the buyer on board the Seller’s Costs Buyer’s Costs
ship at the destination port. Goods are not
cleared for import. Seller’s Risks Buyer’s Risks

Insurable Interest

DEQ (Delivered Ex Quay) - named

port of destination
Seller delivers when the goods are Seller's
Premises
Export
Documents
Delivery at Named
Place Loading
Onboard
Ships Rail
Transit Onboard
Ships Rail Unloading
Delivery at Named
Destination
Import
Documents
Buyer's
Premises
unloaded and placed at the disposal of Seller’s Costs Buyer’s Costs
the buyer (not cleared for import) on
Seller’s Risks Buyer’s Risks
the quay (wharf) at the named port of
destination.
Insurable Interest

DDU (Delivered Duty Unpaid)

– named place of destination
Seller delivers the goods to the buyer, not Seller's Export Delivery at Named Delivery at Named Import Buyer's
Premises Documents Place Loading Transit Unloading Destination Documents Premises
cleared for import, and not unloaded from
Seller’s Costs Buyer’s Costs
any arriving means of transport at the
named place of destination. Seller’s Risks No Risks

Insurable Interest

DDP (Delivered Duty Paid) – named

place of destination
Seller delivers the goods to the buyer, Seller's Export Delivery at Named Delivery at Named Import Buyer's
Premises Documents Place Loading Transit Unloading Destination Documents Premises
cleared for import, and not unloaded from
Seller’s Costs No Costs
any arriving means of transport at the
named place of destination. DDP is the Seller’s Risks No Risks

maximum obligation a seller can under-

take with respect to the delivery of goods.
Insurable Interest