ABAP : 7.

4 New Features
Many features have been introduced in the ABAP 7.40 release. We can divide the new features
into groups such as variable declaration, string processing, internal table usage, object-oriented
tasks, conditional operators,database access etc. I will try to explain some of them with
examples.

*- type declarations
DATA(lv_text) = 'Declaring variables'.
DATA(lv_count) = 1000.

*- using value to create internal tables

DATA lt_matnr TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF matnr.
lt_matnr = VALUE #( ( 'a' ) ( 'b' ) ( 'c' ) ( 'd' ) ( 'e' ) ).

*- another way of declaring same with type

TYPES:t_matnr TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF matnr WITH DEFAULT KEY .
DATA(lt_data) = VALUE t_matnr( ( 'a' ) ( 'b' ) ( 'c' ) ( 'd' ) ( 'e' ) ).

*- filling data into an internal table with structure

DATA:lt_bukrs TYPE RANGE OF bukrs.
lt_bukrs = VALUE #( sign = 'I' option = 'EQ'
( low = '0001' )
( low = '1000' )
( low = '2000' ) ).

*- declaring work area variable for loop

LOOP AT lt_matnr INTO DATA(ls_matnr).
ENDLOOP.
*- declaring field symbol variable for loop
LOOP AT lt_bukrs ASSIGNING FIELD-SYMBOL(<ls_bukrs>).
ENDLOOP.

*- declaring field symbol variable for read table

READ TABLE lt_matnr ASSIGNING FIELD-SYMBOL(<ls_matnr>) INDEX 3.
IF sy-subrc EQ 0.
ENDIF.
*- getting same data with using table expression
DATA(wa_matnr) = lt_matnr[ 3 ].

*- another examples of table expressions

DATA(wa_bukrs) = lt_bukrs[ low = '1000' ].

*- check if line exists

IF line_exists( lt_bukrs[ low = '1000'] ).
ENDIF.

*- iteration with 'FOR'

DATA(lt_material) = VALUE t_matnr( FOR ls_material IN lt_matnr ( ls_material ) ).
*- another use of 'FOR'
TYPES : BEGIN OF t_year ,
year TYPE numc4,
END OF t_year,
tt_year TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF t_year WITH EMPTY KEY.

DATA(lt_years) = VALUE tt_year( FOR i = 2000 THEN i + 1 UNTIL i > 2020 ( year = i ) ).

LOOP AT lt_years ASSIGNING FIELD-SYMBOL(<ls_year>).

WRITE / <ls_year>-year.
ENDLOOP.

*- using 'COND' for declaring new variables

DATA(lv_status) = 'S'.
DATA(lv_status_text) =
COND string(
WHEN lv_status = 'A' THEN 'Aborted'
WHEN lv_status = 'S' THEN 'Success'
WHEN lv_status = 'F' THEN 'Failed'
ELSE 'Status not found' ).

WRITE / lv_status_text.

*- we can use 'SWITCH' for declaring conditional operators

DATA(lv_status_text2) = SWITCH string( lv_status
WHEN 'A' THEN 'Aborted'
WHEN 'S' THEN 'Success'
WHEN 'F' THEN 'Failed'
ELSE 'Status not found' ).

WRITE / lv_status_text2.

*- CONCATENATE is easy
DATA(lv_time_string) = |Date: { sy-datum } / { sy-uzeit } Status:
{ lv_status_text } |.
WRITE / lv_time_string.

*- you can use embedded expressions for many string operations

DATA:lv_ebeln TYPE ebeln VALUE '490001'.
DATA(lv_purc_no) = |{ lv_ebeln ALPHA = IN } |.
WRITE / lv_purc_no.

DATA:lv_decimal TYPE p DECIMALS 10 VALUE '123.456789'.

DATA(lv_money) = |{ lv_decimal DECIMALS = 2 } |.
WRITE:lv_money.

*- using case statement in database access

SELECT werks,
CASE WHEN land1 = 'DE' THEN 'IN'
ELSE 'OUT'
END AS country
FROM t001w INTO TABLE @DATA(lt_werks).

LOOP AT lt_werks ASSIGNING FIELD-SYMBOL(<ls_werks>).

 WRITE: / <ls_werks>-country,<ls_werks>-werks.
ENDLOOP.

*- fill ranges/tables directly from select with default values

DATA:lr_range TYPE RANGE OF matnr.

SELECT matnr, 'ORHAN' AS yaratan

FROM mara INTO TABLE
@DATA(lt_data) .

SELECT 'I' AS sign ,'EQ' AS option, matnr AS low

FROM mara
INTO TABLE @lr_range UP TO 10 ROWS.