1.sound and Waves - Final

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I SOUND AND WAVES
SOUND AND WAVES

4. A wall is moving with velocity U and a source
LEVEL - V u
of sound moves with velocity in the same
2
SINGLE ANSWER QUESTIONS direction as shown in teh figure. Assuming
that the sound travels with velocity 10u. The
1. There is a set of four tuning forks, one with ratio of incident sound wavelength on the
lowest frequency vibrating at 550 Hz. By wall of the reflected sound wavelength by
using any two tuning forks at a time, the the wall, is equal to
following beat frequencies are heard:
1,2,3,5,7,8. The possible frequencies of teh u
other three forks are:
a) 552, 553, 560 b) 557, 558, 560  u/2
S
c) 552, 553, 558 d) 551, 553, 558
2. Earthquakes generated sound waves inside
Earth. Unlike a gas, Earth can experinece a) 9:11 b) 11:9
c) 4:5 d) 5:4
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both transverss (S) and longitudinal (P)

sound eaves. Typically, the speed of S, 5. S1 & S2 are two coherent sources of sound
waves is about 4 km/s. A sesmograph having no initial phase differene. The
records P and S waves from an earthquake. velocity of sound is 330 m/s. No minima will
The first P waves arrrive 3.0 min before the
be formed onthe line passing through S 2 and
first S waves (figure). Assuming the waves
travel in a straight line, how far way does perpendicular to the joining S1 and S 2 , if
the earthqyake occur? the frequency of both the source is:
Yearth  12.8 1010 pa,  earth  2000 kg / m 3  a) 50Hz b) 60 Hz
c) 70 Hz d) 80 Hz .
a) 1900 km b) 1440 km
6. An open pipe is suddenly closed at one end
c) 1800 klm c) 1200 km
with the result that the frequency of third
harmonic of the closed pipe is found to be
3. Two pulses in a stretched string, whose
higher by 100 Hz than the fundamental
centers are initially 8 cm apart, are moving
frequency of the open pipe. The fundamental
towards each other as shown in the figure.
frequency of the open pipe is
The speed of each pulse is 2 cm/s. After 2
(A) 200 Hz (B) 300 Hz
seconds the total energy of the pulses will
(C) 240 Hz (D)480 Hz.
be :
7. A sonometer wire resonates with a given
tuning fork forming standing waves with five
antinodes between the two bridges when a
mass of 9 kg is suspended from the wire.
8 cm When this mass is replaced by mass M, the
wire resonates with the same tuning fork
(A) zero
forming three antinodes for the same
(B) purely kinetic
positions of the bridges. The value of M is
(C) purely potential
(D) partly kinetic and partly potential 1
(A) 25 kg (B) 5 kg (C) 12.5 kg (D)
25
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8. The following fig. show a snapshot of a
vibrating string at t  0 . The particle P is y
Vs
observed moving up with velocity 20 3 cm/
s. The tangent at P makes an angle of 600
with the x-axis the equation of the wave is Vw
  x
A B
a) 510Hz b) 500 Hz
c) 525 Hz d) 550 Hz
  x 3  11. A vibrating string of certain length  under
A) y  0.4 sin 100 t    cm a tension T resonates with a mode
 2 4 
corresponding to the first overtone of an air
  x 3  column of length 75 cm inside a tube closed
B) y  0.4 sin 100 t    cm at one end. The string also generates 4
 2 4 
beats per second when excited along with a
  x 3  tuning fork of frequency n. Now when the

C) y  0.4 cos  100 t    cm tension of the string is slightly increased the
 2 4 
number of beats reduces to 2 per second.
  x 3  Assuming the velocity of sound in air to be
D) y  0.4 cos  100 t    cm 340 m/s, the frequency n of the tuning fork
 2 4 
in Hz is
9. An open pipe is in resonance in 2nd harmonic
(A) 344 (B) 336 (C) 117.3 (D) 109.3
with frequency f1. Now one end of the tube
is closed and frequency is increased to f2 12. Two particles of medium disturbed by the
such that the resonance again occurs in nth wave propagation are at x1 = 0 and x2 = 1
harmonic. Choose the correct option: cm. The respective displacement (in cm) of
the particles can be given by equations
3 5
(A) n = 3, f2 = f (B) n = 3, f2 = f  
4 1 4 1 y 2  2sin  3t   wave
y1 = 2 sin 3 π t
 2
5 3
(C) n = 5, f2 = f (D) n = 5, f2 = f velocity can be
4 1 4 1
10. In the figure shown a source of sound of (A) 6 cm/s (B) 7 cm/s (C) 8 cm/s (D) 9 cm/s
frequency 510Hz moves with constant 13. A siren placed at a railway platform is
emitting sound of frequency 5 kHz. A
velocity Vs  20m / s in the direction shown. passenger sitting in a moving train A records
The wind is blowing at a constant velocity a frequency of 5.5 kHz, while the train
Vw  20m / s towards an observer who is at approaches the siren. During his return
rest at point B. Corresponding to the sound journey in a different train B he records a
emitted by teh source at initial position A, frequency of 6.0 kHz while approaching the
the frequency detected by the observer is same siren. The ratio of the velocity of train
equal to (speed of sound relative to air = B to that train A is
330 m/s) 242 5 11
(A) (B) 2 (C) (D)
252 6 6
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14. Three sinusoidal waves have the same
a a Pex
frequency, but their amplitudes are a, ,
2 3
2 102 Pa
and their phase angles are 0,  / 2 and 
respectively. The equation of the resultant
a) 0 0.1
wave obtained by the superposition of these x  m
0.2
three waves is given by
5 2 102 Pa
y 
6
a sin  kx  wt    . Then tan  =
(A) 4 / 3 (B) 3 / 4
Pex
(C) 1/ 3 (D) 1/ 4 5 102 Pa
15. A particle is acted upon a force F  F0 cos t b) 0 0.1

x  m
along x-axis. The amplitude of its velocity 0.2
1 5 102 Pa
 1/ 2
is given by . Find
 X 2
 Y  Z 
the condition of resonance : Pex
(A) Y 2  XZ  2  10 2 Pa
c) 0 0.2
(B) Z2  XY
0.1
x m
 2  10 2 Pa
(C) Y  4XZ
2
(D) X 2  YZ
16. For a sound wave travelling towards +x Pex
direction, sinusoidal longitudinal  5  10 2 Pa

displacement  at a certain time is given as
a function of x. If Bulk modulus of air is d) 0 0.2
0.1
B  5  105 N / m 2 , the variation of pressure x m
 5  10 2 Pa
excess will be:

17. A source of oscillations S is fixed to the
riverbed of a river with stream velocity  .
104 m
Two receivers R1 and R2 are fixed also to
0 x m the riverbed. If the source generates
0.1 0.2 0.3
frequency f s , the frequencies received by
104 m
receivers R1 and R2 are respectively
f1 and f 2 then
21. An electrically maintained tuning fork
vibrates with constant frequency and
V

 constant amplitudes. If the temperature of
Streamflow
   the surrounding air increases but pressure
R1 S R2 remains constant, the sound produced will
have
(A) Larger wavelength(B) Larger frequency
(A) f1  f 2  f s (B) f1  f s , f 2  f s
(C) Larger velocity (D) Larger time period
(C) f1  f s , f 2  f s (D) f1  f s , f 2  f s 22. As a wave propagates :
18. A closed organ pipe of length L and an open (A) the wave intensity remains constant for a
plane wave
organ pipe contain gases of densities 1 and
(B) the wave intensity decreases as the inverse
2 respectively. The compressibility of of the distance from the source for a spherical
gases are equal in both the pipes. Both the wave
pipes are vibrating in thier first overtone with (C) the wave intensity decreases as the inverse
same frequency. The length of open organ square of the distance from the source for a
pipe is : spherical wave
1/ 2 1/ 2 (D) total intensity of the spherical wave over the
4 L  1  4L  2  spherical surface centered at the source remains
(A)   (B)  
3  2  3  1  constant at all times

0.8
L 4L 23. Y (x, t) = [(4 x  5t )2  5] represents a moving
(C) (D)
3 3
pulse where x and y are in meters and in t
19. An observer is moving along positive x-axis
second. Then
from the origin. One tuning fork moves away
(A) pulse is moving in negative x-direction
from the observer while other moves towards
(B) in 2 s it will travel a distance of 2.5 m
it at the same speed and with same natural
(C) its maximum displacement is 0.16 m
frequency f. The velocity of sound in air is
(D) pulse is moving in positive x-direction
V. If observer hears the beat of frequency
24. An air column in a pipe, which is closed at
f0 , find the speed of the tuning fork moving one end, will be in resonance with a vibrating
away from observer relative to the observer tuning fork of frequency 264 Hz, if the length
of the column in cm is
Vf V  f  f0 
(A) 2 f (B) (A) 31.25 (B) 62.50 (C) 93.75 (D) 12.5
0 2 f0 25. Velocity of sound in air is 320 m/s. a pipe
closed at one end has a length of 1 m.
V  f  f0  Vf 0 Neglecting end corrections, the air column
(C) (D)
f0 2f in the pipe can resonate for sound of
frequency:
MULTIPLE ANSWER QUESTIONS (A) 80 Hz (B) 240Hz (C) 320 Hz (D) 400 Hz
26. Standing waves can be produced :
20. A wave is represented by the equation (A) on a string clamped at both ends
y = (0.001 mm) sin [(50 s-1)t + (2.0 m-1)x] (B) on a string clamped at one end and free at
(A) The wave velocity = 100 m/s the other
(B) The wavelength = 2.0 m (C) when incident wave gets reflected from a
(C) The frequency = 25/  Hz wall
(D) when two identical waves with a phase
(D) The amplitude = 0.001 mm
difference of π are moving in the same direction
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27. Choose the correct option (s) regarding 33. The overtone to which these oscillations
beats correspond is
(A) beats are periodic variations in the intensity (A) first (B) third (C) fifth (D) seventh
of sound
(B) to produce beats two sound waves of nearly Passage II
equal frequencies travel in same direction Two waves are described by the equations :
(C) One loud sound followed by faint sound form
y1  A cos(0.5x  100t)
one beat.
(D) beats can heard if difference between two and y 2  A cos(0.46x  92t)
frequencies is small and not more than ten.
here x and y are in m and t is in s.
28. Two source of intensities I 0 and 4I 0 aree
34. The number of maxima heard in one second
used for interference experiment. Due to
will be
super position the resulting intensity can be
(A) 4 (B) 3 (C) 2 (D) 1
(A) 9I0 (B) 4.5I 0 (C) 5I0 (D) 4I 0
29. A listener is at rest with respect to the source 35. The speed of the higher frequency waveform
of sound. A wind starts blowing along the line is
joining the source and the observer. Which (A) 200 m/s (B) 180 m/s
of the following quantities do not change ? (C) 140 m/s (D) 120 m/s
(A) Frequency (B) Velocity of sound

(C) Wavelength (D) Time period 36. Find the number of times y1 + y2 becomes
30. Two identical straight wires are streched so zero per second, at x=0.
as to produce 6 beats/sec when vibrating (A) 96 (B) 48 (C) 192 (D) 100
simultaniously. On changing the tension Passage III
slightly in one of them, the beat frequency In an organ pipe (may be closed or open) of 99
remains unchanged. Denoting by T1 and cm length standing wave is setup, whose equation
is given by longitudinal displacement
T2 the higher and lower initial tension in
the strings, then it could be said that while 2
   0.1mm  cos  y  1cm  cos 2  400  t
making the above changes in tension : 80
(A) T2 was decreased(B) T2 was increased Where y is measured from the top of the tube in
centimeters and it in t second.
(C) T1 was decreased (D) T1 was increased
COMPREHENSION TYPE QUESTIONS
Passage - I
A string 120 cm in length clamped at both ends y
sustains a standing wave with points of the string
at which displacement amplitude is equal to 3.5
mm being separated by 15 cm.
31. The maximum displacement amplitude is
37. The upper end and the lower end of the tube
(A) 3.95 mm (B) 4.95 mm
are respetively
(C) 5.95 mm (D) 6.95 mm.
32. The number of loops formed in the string is a) open-closed b) closed-open
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4. c) open-open d) closed-closed
38. Equation of the standing wave in terms of 40. The speed of sound of the whistle is
excess pressure is ___ (Bulk modulus of air (A) 340 m/s for passengers in A and 310 m/s for
passengers in B.
B  5  105 N / m 2 ) (B) 360 m/s for passengers in A and 310 m/s for
2 passengers in B.
a) Pex  125 N / m  sin
2
 y  1cm  cos 2  400t  (C) 310 m/s for passengers in A and 360 m/s for
80
passengers in B.
b) (D) 340 m/s for passengers in both the trains.
2 41. The distribution of the sound intensity of the
Pex  125 N / m2  cos  y  1cm  sin 2  400t  whistle as observed by the passengers in
80
train A is best represented by
c)
Intensity
2
Pex   225 N / m 2  sin  y  1cm  cos 2  200t 
80 (A)
d) f1 f2 Frequency
2
Pex   225 N / m 2  cos  y  1cm  sin 2  200t 
Intensity
80
39. Assume end correction approximately (B)
equals to (0.3) x (diameter of tube), estimate f1 f2 Frequency

teh approximate number of moles of air
present inside the tube ( Assume tube is at
Intensity
NTP, and at NTP, 22.4 litre contains 1 mole)

10 10 (C)
(A) (B) f1 f2 Frequency
36  22.4 18  22.4
10 10
Intensity
(C) (D)
72  22.4 60  22.4
(D) .
Passage IV f2 Frequency
f1
Two trains A and B are moving with speeds 20 42. The spread of frequency as observed by the
m/s and 30 m/s respectively in the same direction passengers in train B is
on the same straight track, with B ahead of A. (A) 310 Hz (B) 330 Hz (C) 350 Hz (D) 290 Hz.
The engines are at the front ends. The engine of Passage : V
trains A blows a long whistle. The air column in a pipe closed at one end is
made to vibrate in its second overtone by a tuning
fork of frequency 440Hz. the speed of the sound
Intensity
in air is 330 m/s. end corrections may be

neglected. Let P0 denote the mean pressure at
f1 f2 Frequency
any point in the pipe and P0 the maximum
Assume that the sound of the whistle is composed
of components varying in frequency from f1 = aplitude of pressure variation then
800 Hz to f2 = 1120 Hz, as shown in the figure. 43. The amplitude of pressure variation at the
middle of the column is
The spread in the frequency (highest frequency
– lowest frequency) is thus 320 Hz. The speed p0 p0 p0 p0
(A) (B) (C) (D)
of sound in still air is 340 m/s. 2 3 2 3
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44. The maximum and minimum pressure at the
open end of the pipe are respectively A B
P0 P0
(A) Po,Po (B) , C
2 2
P0 Column A Column B
(C) 2 P0 , 2 P0 (D) P0 ,
2 (A) Velocity of A (P) Downwards, if the
45. The maximum and minimum pressure at the wave is travelling
closed end of the pipe are respectively towards right
(A) P0   P0 , P0   P0 (B) Acceleration of A (Q) Downwards, if the
 P0 P wave is travelling
(B) P0  , P0  0 towards left
2 2
(C) P0   P0 , P0  2  P0 (C) Velocity of B (R) Downwards, no
(D) P0 , P0 matter which way

the wave is travelling
Passage VI (D) Velocity of C (S) Zero.
A long wire PQR is made by joning 2 wires PQ 50. Match the following :
and QR of equal radii. PQ has a length 4.8 m

Column A
and mass 0.06 kg, QR has length 2.56 m and
mass 0.20kg. Wire PQR is under tension of 80 (A) Stiff string has N segments
N. A sinusoidal wave pulse of amplitude 3.5 cm (B) Open pipe of smaller diameter
is sent along the wire PQ from end P. No power (C) Closed pipe
is dissipated during propagation of wave pulse.
46. Find the speed of wave in wire PQ: (D) String one end connected to rigid
(A) 80 m/sec (B) 75 m/sec boundry and other end is free
(C) 60m/sec (D) 70m/sec Column B
47. Find the time taken by wave pulse to reach
v
from P to R (P) All harmonic of exist
(A) 0.10sec (B) 0.12 sec 2
(C) 0.14sec (D) 0.16sec v
48. Find the amplitude of reflected wave pulse (Q) Fundamental frequency,  
2
after the incident wave pulse crosses the
joint Q : 2
(R) Wave length 
(A) 1.5 cm (B) 1.25cm N
(C) 1.75cm (D) 2.0cm (S) Odd harmonics are only available
(  = length of string / pipe, v = velocity of wave)
MATRIX MATCHING TYPE QUESTIONS 51. Match the appropriate condition in Column-
I with Column-II (n = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4………..)
49. The figure shows a string at a certain moment Column – I
as a transverse wave passes through it.
(A) Constructive interference
Three particles A, B and C of the string are
also shown. Match the physical quantities (B) Destructive interference
in the left column with the description in the (C) Maximum intensity
column on the right.
(D) Minimum intensity
Column – II
(P) Phase difference = (2n + 1) π
(Q) Path difference = n 
(R) Phase difference = 2n π

(S) Path difference = (2n + 1)
2
52. A source of sound in moving along a circular
orbit of radius 3 m with angular velocity of
10 rad s–1. A sound detector located for away
is executing linear SHM with amplitude 6 m
on line BCD as shown. The frequency of 54. Three stars x,y and z have slightly different
5 temperatures Tx , Ty and Tz respectively. All
detector for oscillation is   per second. stars are receding from the earth with speeds
 
The source is at A when detector at B at t = Vx , V y and Vz repectively relative to the
0. Source emits a continuous sound wave of earth. They radiate the maximum energy at
frequency 340 Hz. (velocity of sound = 330 the same wavelength of the light. Match the
ms–1). Match the column A with B. (T is time
options of the following columns :

period of oscillation).
N
M
A B C D
P
Column A
(A) The frequency of sound recorded by the
detector at t = 3T/4
(B) The frequency of sound recorded by the ASSERTION & REASON TYPE QUESTIONS
detector at t = T/4
(C) The ratio of the time period of source and (A) Statement – 1 is True, Statement – 2 is True;
the detector Statement – 2 is a correct explanation for
(D) Maximum velocity of detector maximum Statement – 1.
velocity of source (B) Statement – 1 is True, Statement – 2 is True;
Column B Statement – 2 is NOT a correct explanation
(P) 255 Hz (Q) 1 : 1 for Statement – 1.
(R) 442 Hz (S) 2 : 1 (C) Statement – 1 is True, Statement – 2 is
False.
53. T1 and T2 are higher and lower tensions in
(D) Statement – 1 is False, Statement – 2 is True.
two identical strings stretched to produce
n beats per second when vibrating 55. STATEMENT – 1 : The basic of Laplace
simultaniously. The beat frequncy remains correction was the exchange of heat between
unchanged when tension is slightly changed the region of compression and rarefaction
in one of them. If the beat frequency in air is not possible. because
remains unchanged, match the options of the STATEMENT – 2 : Air is a bad conductor
two columns : of heat and velocity of sound in air is large.
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56. STATEMENT – 1 : The velocity of sound 62. Statement – 1: In case of beats, intensity of
in air, at constant temperature, does not sound at some positions in space remains
depend on the ambient pressure. maximum and at others, it remains minimum
because Statement – 2: Beat are formed due to
STATEMENT – 2 : This is a consequence superposition of sound waves of unequal
of the fact that the velocity of sound is a frequencies.
P 63. Statement – 1: Two tuning forks having
function of the ratio but as P increases, frequency 410 Hz and 524 Hz are kept close

and made to vibrate. Beats will not be heard.
 increases by the same factor at constant Statement – 2 : Sound waves superimpose
temperature. only when the frequencies of superposing
57. STATEMENT – 1 : Newton’s equation for waves are equal or nearly equal.
speed of sound in air was found wrong 64. Statement-1 : Two sound waves of equal
because, he assumed process as isothermal. intensity I produced beats. The maximum
because intensity of sound produced in beats is 4I.
STATEMENT – 2 : Flow of sound wave in Statement-2 : If two waves of amplitudes a1
a medium is very fast. Quick process and a2 superpose, the maximum amplitude
suppress heat exchange, hence this process of the resultant wave = a1 + a2.
must be adiabatic in nature.
58. STATEMENT – 1 : If an observer places INTEGER TYPE QUESTIONS

his ear at the end of a long steel pipe, he
can hear two distinct sounds, when a 65. Transverse wave is propagating in a string.
workman hammers the other end of the pipe. Tension in the string becomes twice to the
because initial tension. Simultaneously, area of
STATEMENT – 2 : Longitudinal as well as cross-action of the string is increased so that
transverses wave can be propagated in steel. there is no change in speed of the wave.
59. STATEMENT – 1 : Soldiers are asked to
Initial cross-section area is A0 . Final cross-
break steps while crossing the bridge to
avoid resonance situation. section area is KA0 . Find the value of K
because 66. A cylindrical tube, open at both ends, has a
STATEMENT – 2 : When frequency of two fundamental frequency  . The tube is
oscillating system are equal, their amplitude dipped vertically in water so that half of its
of vibration become very high. length is inside the water, find ratio of new
60. STATEMENT – 1 : When standing waves fundamental frequency to old fundamental
are produced in a closed organ pipe, the frequency ?
pressure at the closed end is a constant. 67. A guiter string is 90 cm long and has a
because fundamental frequency of 124 Hz. It is
STATEMENT – 2 : The closed end pressed at a distance 10x cm from one end
corresponds to a node and hence the to produce a fundamental frequency of
pressure is constant. 186Hz. Find the value of x.
61. STATEMENT – 1 : In the case of stationary 68. A 20 cm long string, having a mass of 1.0 g,
wave, a person hear a loud sound at the is fixed at both the ends. The tension in the
nodes as compared to the antinodes. string is 0.5 N. The string is set into
because vibrations using an external vibrator of
STATEMENT – 2 : In a stationary wave all frequency 100 Hz. Find the separation (in
the particles of the medium vibrate in phase. cm) between the successive nodes on the
string.
69. When two progressive waves y1=4sin(2x- 6t) LEVEL - V
 
and y 2  3sin  2x  6t   are HINTS
 2
superimposed. Find amplitude of resulting
SINGLE ANSWER QUESTIONS
wave.
1. To get beat frequency 1,2,3,5,7,8, it is possible when
70. The average power transmitted across a other three tuning fork have frequencies 551, 553,
cross-section by two sound waves moving 558, etc..,
in the same direction are equal. The wave
lengths of two sound waves are in the ratio 2. Vs  4km / sec
of 1:2, then find the ratio of their pressure
amplitudes. y 12.8 1010
VP  
 2000
LEVEL - V  8000m / sec
KEY
 8km / sec
SINGLE ANSWER QUESTIONS l l
1) D 2) B 3) B 4) A   3min  3  60sec
Vs Vp
5) A 6) A 7) A 8) A
9) C 10) C 11)A 12) A
l l
13) B 14) B 15) C 16) D   3  60 ; l  1440 km
4 8
17)A 18) A 19) D 3. (B) After two seconds both the pulses will move
MULTI ANSWER QUESTIONS 4 cm towards each other. So, by their
20) C,D 21) A,C 22) A,C,D superposition, the resultant displacement at every
23) A,B,C 24) A,C 25) A,B,C point will be zero. Therefore, total energy will be
26) A,B,C 27) A,B,C,D purely in the form of kinetic. Half of the particles
28) A,B,C,D 29) A,D 30) B, C will be moving upwards and half downwards.
31) B 32) D 33) B 34) A A C B A C B
35) A 36) A 37) A 38)A
39) B 40) B 41) A 42)A
43) A 44) A 45) A 46) A 4. i  Wavelength of the incident sound
47) C 48) A
MATRIX MATCHING TYPE QUESTIONS u
10u 
49) A-P; B-R; C-Q; D-S  2  19u
50) A-P,Q,R; B-P,Q,R; C-S ; D-S f 2f
51) A-Q,R; B-P,S; C-Q,R; D-P,S f1  Frequency of teh incident sound
52) A-R; B-P; C-Q; D-S
53) A-Q; B-P; C-Q; D-P 10u  u 18
 f  f  fr 
54) A-Q; B-P; C-S; D-P u 19
ASSERTION & REASON TYPE QUESTIONS
10u 
2
55) A 56) A 57) A 58) B
Frequency of the reflected sound
59) A 60)D 61) C 62) D
63)C 64)A r  Wavelength of the reflected sound
INTEGER ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS 10u  u 11u 11 19 u
65) 2 66) 1 67) 6 68) 5    19  .
fr 18 f 18 f
69) 5 70) 1
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I SOUND AND WAVES
i 19u
 
18 f

9   4 102 m  4cm
r 2 f 11 19u 11 0.2
f  5 Hz
 4 102
5. For minimum, x   2 n  1
2    2 f  10
The maximum possible path difference = distance
2 2 
between teh sources = 3m. K   cm1
For no minimum  4 2
 2 2
3 at t = 0, x = 0, y  2 2  103 m  cm
2 10
V 330
 6  f 
  55 2 2
 6   4  101 sin  
10
 If f  55 Hz , no minimum will occur..
2 2 1  3
  4  101 sin     or ,
6. (A) Fundamental frequency of open pipe is 10 2 4 4
v
f0  3
2 taking at x = 1.5, t = 0 y = 0  
4
  v
Third harmonic of the closed pipe fc  3  4    x 3 
 
 y  0.4 sin  10 t   
v v v  2 4 
Given: 3   100 or,  200 Hz
4 2 2 9. (C)
7. (A) v
Let f0 = frequency of tuning fork f1 =
l
5 9g (2nd harmonic of open pipe)
Then, f0 = 2l 
( = mass per unit length of
 v
f 2 = n  4l 
3 Mg  
wire) = 2l  (nth harmonic of closed pipe)
Solving this, we get M = 25 kg Here, n is odd and f2 > f1
In the first case frequency corresponds to fifth It is possible when n = 5
harmonic while in the second case it corresponds Because with n = 5
to third harmonic. 5v 5
f2 = 4  l   4 f1
dy dy  
8. v p  v ,  tan 60  3
dx dx  correct is (C)
10. Apparent frequency
v p  v 3  P is moving along upward
direction  u  vw 
 wave must be travelling along negative x n'  n
direction u  vw  vs cos 600 
The equation o f t he wave is 510  330  20 

y  A sin t  Kx    330  20  20 cos 600
350
20 3  510   525 Hz
A  4  103 m, v   20cms 1 340
3
11. (A) dv
With increases in tension, frequency of vibrating 15. Condition for resonance is  0.
d
string will increases, since number of beats are
decreasing. Therefore frequency of vibrating 16.   A sin  kx  t 
string or third harmonic frequency of closed pipe
d
should be less than the frequency of tuning fork Pex   B   BAk cos  kx   t 
by 4. dx
V   340  amplitude of Pex   BAk

 3   4  3  4  344 Hz
 4l   4  0.75 
 2 
  5  105 10 4    2
12. (A)  0.2   5  10 Pa
2 So correct ans is D
   x 
 17. Conceptual
 2 18. fc  f0
 1    4cm
2 
V   V 
v  f   6cm 1 3 c   2  0 
 4L   2 L0 
13. (B)
 v  v1  4  V0  4  1 
f1  5.5  f 0  
 v  on solving L0  3  V  L = 3 L   
 c  2
 v  v2  19. 3) f1  f 2  f 0
f2  6  f0  
 v 
v - velocity of sound  V  V0   V  V0 
  f   f  f0
v1 - velocity of A  V  Vs   V  Vs 
v2 - velocity of B f 0 2 f Vs  V0 

v2 f V
On solving v  2
1 Vf0
Vs  V0  
14. If y1  a sin  kx  t  2f
a MULTI ANSWER QUESTIONS

y2  sin  kx  t   / 2 
2
a 20. (C,D)
y3  sin  kx   t   
3 2 
  50 ;  2, A  0.001 mm . v 
 K
21. (A,C)
P
 and   f 

22. (A, C, D)
For a plane wave intensity (energy crossing per
a/2 unit area per unit time) is constant at all points.
 Tan   3/ 4
2a / 3
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I SOUND AND WAVES
1 2
At t = 1 s and x = – 1.25 m
y y
0.16 m 0.16 m
1 2
But for a spherical wave intensity at a distance r

from a point source of power P (energy –x
x = –1.25 m x=0
x
transmitted per unit time) is given by t = 1s
(b)
t=0
S
value of y is again 0.16 m, i.e., pulse has traveled
a distance of 1.25 m in 1 second in negative x-
direction or we can say that the speed of pulse is
S l 1.25 m/s and it is traveling in negative x-direction.
Therefore, it will travel a distance of 2.5 m in 2
seconds. The above statement can be better
understood from figure (B).
r
Alternate method
P 1 If equation of a wave pulse is
I= or I  r2 y = f (ax ± bt)
4 r 2
23. (A, B, C) b
The speed of wave is in negative x direction
The shape of pulse x = 0 and t = 0 would be as a
shown, in figure (A). for y = f (ax + bt) and positive x direction for y =
0.8
(ax – bt). Comparing this from given equation
y (0, 0) = = 0.16 m 5
5
we can find that speed of wave is = 1.25 m/s
4
y
and it is traveling in negative x-direction.
0.16 m 24. (AC)
For closed organ pipe,
 v
f = n  4l  where, n = 1, 3, 5 …
–x 0 x
 
t = 0 (a)
nv
 l = 4f
From the figure it is clear that ymax = 0.16 m
Pulse will be symmetric (Symmetry is checked (1)(330)
about ymax) if at t = 0 For n = 1, l1 = 4  264 × 100 cm = 31.25 cm
Y(x) = y(–x) For n = 3, l3 = 3l1 = 93.75 cm
From the given equation For n = 5, l5 = 5l1 = 156.25 cm
25. (ABC)
0.8 
y ( x)  For closed pipe.
16 x 2  5 
  v
and 0.8  at t =0 f = n  4l  n = 1, 3, 5 …..
y (– x) 
16 x 2  5   
v 320
or y(–x) = y(–x) For n = 1, f1 = 4l  4  1 = 80 Hz
Therefore, pulse is symmetric.
For n = 3, f3 = 3f1 = 240 Hz
Speed of pulse
For n = 5, f5 = 5f1 = 400 Hz A  a cos kx ...(i)
 correct options are (a), (b) and (d). In case 2 if x = 0 is taken at node then
26. (ABC) ...(ii)
A  a sinkx
Standing waves can be produced only when two
From (i) and (ii)
similar type of waves (same frequency and speed
but amplitude may be different) travel in opposite 
a cos kx = a sin kx or kx 
directions. 4
27. (ABCD) Beats are periodic variations in the Passage II
intensity of sound when two sound wages of
nearly equal frequencies travel in the same 100 92
34. (A) fb  f1  f 2    4 Hz
direction. One loud sound followed by a faint 2 2
sound from one beat and the number of beats w 100
formed per second is called beat frequency. 35. (A) V    200m / s
k 0.5
28. (ABCD) I  I1  I 2  2 I1I 2 cos  36. (A) At x = 0 y = y1 + y2 = 2A cos 96  t cos4  t
Frequency of cos(96  t) = 48Hz. resultant
I max  9 I 0 I min  9 I 0
frequency of the wave is 48 Hz.
all intensities between I max and I min can be Passage-III
obtained
2
29. (A,D) If there is no relative motion between 37.    0.1mm  cos  y  1cm  cos 2 7  400  t
80
source and sound the frequency remains same.
end correction is 1cm, so at = -1cm
30. T1  T2 and so, v1  v2
2
it implies f1  f 2 and f1  f 2  6 Hz    0.1mm  cos  1cm  1cm 
80
On increase of T1 , f1 will increase or  f1  f 2    0.1mm  cos  0 
will increase.On decrease of T1 , f1 will decrease  Antinode
but now  f 2  f1  may be equal to 6 Hz.On So upper end is open. at lower end y  99cm
increase of T2 , f 2 will increase and now again 2

   0.1mm  cos  99  1
80
 f 2  f1  may become equal to 6 Hz.
5
 0.01cos  0  Node
2
COMPREHENSION TYPE QUESTIONS tube is closed at lower end So tube is open -
closed.
Passage- I
d
31. (B) 38. Pex   B
dx
32. (D)
33. (B) 2 2
  5105   0.1103  sin  y 1cm cos2  400 t
31 to 33. 80 80
In this question there are two possiblity 2
 125 N / m 2  sin  y  1cm  cos 2  400t 
80
x=0 D
10
A x=0 B C 39. End correction = (0.3) d = 1cm ; d  cm
15cm 15cm 3
In case 1 if x = 0 is taken at antinode then
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I SOUND AND WAVES
2 Passage-VI
 d 2    10  2 46, 47, 48
vol. of tube  
  l    100cm
 4  4 3 
0.06 1
46. Mass per unit length of PQ, m1  
10 4.8 80
(take 1=0.99m  1m)  lit
36
0.2
10 Mass per unit length of QR, m2 
Moles  moles (22.4 lt.conmtains 1 2.56
36  22.4
T
10 10 Speed of wave in wire PQ , v1 
mole lt contains mole) m1
36 36  22.4
Passage-IV  80m / sec
40. (B) The speed of sound in air is 340 m/s; the 47. Speed of wave in wire
passengers in A are moving at 20 m/s against the
direction of propagation while those in B are T
moving at 30 m/s in the direction of propagation. QR , v2  m1
 32m / sec
41. (A) The engine as well as the passengers in train
A are moving with the same velocity, therefore Time taken by pulse to reach from P to R
the distribution of sound intensity in the whistle
remains unchanged. 4.8 2.56

   0.14 seconds
42. (A) The spread in frequency (as observed by v1 v2
passengers in B)
48. Reflected amplitude is given by
30
1 v2  v1  32  80   3.5
 f . 340  320  310  310 Ar  Ai   1.50cm
1
20
320
Hz. v2  v1  32  80 
340
Passage -V MATRIX MATCH TYPE QUESTIONS
43,44,45
2 x 49. (A) – (p), (B) – (r), (C) – (q), (D) – (s)
43. P   P0  sin

Conceptual
5 L 5 50. (A) – (p), (q), (r), (B)–(p),(q),(r), (C) – (s),
for second overtone L  at x  
4 2 8 (D)–(s)
pressure amplitude at middle Fixed points of the string are nodes and free end
2 5 5  P0 is antinodes Wave length corresponds to N
p  P0 sin ; P0 sin =
 8 4 2 2l
segments when both end are fixed  
44. Conceptual n
5 nv
45. at closed end x  L  fn  with n = 1, 2, 3, In closed end organ
4 2l
pipe closed end will be node while free end will
2 5 be antinode.
P  P0 sin  P0
 4 51. A - qr, B - ps, C - qr, D - ps
 Pmax  P0  P0 Pmin  P0  P0 Conceptual
52. (A) – (r), (B) – (p), (C) – (q), (D) – (s) 56. (A)
Conceptual 57. (A)
58. (B)
53. f1  f 2  n Hz Two sound of heard because of different sound
speed in air and steel.
f1  f 2 or V1  V2 or T1  T2
59. (A)
If T1 is increased, f1 will increase or  f1  f 2  60. (D)
61. (C)
will increase and then f1  f 2  n Hz i.e. beat The person will hear the loud sound at nodes
frequency changes. But if T1 is decreased, f1 than at antinodes. We know that at anti–nodes
the displacement is maximum and strain is
will decrease or  f1  f 2   nHz . So (A)Q. minimum while at nodes the displacement is zero
and strain is maximum. The sound is heard due
T1 T2
In the same way T1  T2  / 2   = to variation of pressure. Further, P = – E(dy/dt),
2 2 where E is elasticity and dy/dt is strain. As strain
 T1  is maximum at nodes, hence there is maximum
  K  decreases, f1 will decrease, then variation of pressure and loud sound is heard.
2 
62. (D)
 f 2  f1  may become equal to nHz . Similarly In beats resultant amplitude is function of time.
if T2 is increased, f 2 will increase and now 63. (C)

 f 2  f1  may be equal to n Hz. But if T2 is Number of beats = 524  410  14
Due to persistence of hearing we can hear more
decreased, f2 will decrease and than 10 beats per second two waves of same
frequencies and amplitude superimpose give
 f 2  f1   nHz .
stationary waves.
54. x ,  y and z are actual wavelengths at which 64. The correct choices is (a). When two waves of
maximum energy is radiated. amplitudes a1 and a2 superpose to produce beats,
From Wien’s law the resultant amplitude of the maximum of intensity
xTx   yTy  zTz is l = a1 + a2.
If Tx  Ty  Tz , x  z
INTEGER ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
As these wavelength appear equal on reaching
ground, x has increased more than  y and so 65. 2
on, Hence Vx  V y  Vz or Vx  Vz etc. T T
v 
A υ
is constant A  T

ASSERTION & REASON TYPE QUESTIONS
66. 1
55. (A) V
According to Laplace, the changes in pressure Open tube f1 
2L
and volume of a gas, when sound waves
propagates through it, are not isothermal, but V
f2  f2
adiabatic. A gas is a bad conductor of heat. It L 1
Close tube 4  ; f1
does not allow the free exchange of heat between 2
compressed layer, rarefied layer and surrounding.
67. 6
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v1 L2 124 2. S1 and S2 are two coherent currents sources
  L2   90  60cm of radiations separated by distance 100.25
v2 L1 186
 , where  is the wave length of radiation.
68. 5 S1 leads S2 in phase by  / 2 . A and B aree
  20m ; m = 1 gm; T = 0.5 N; f = 100 Hz two points on the line joining S1 and S2 as
shown in figure. The ratio of amplitudes of
1103 1 0.5
 2
 102 ; V   10m / s sources S1 and S2 are in the ratio 1 : 2. The
20  10 2 0.5 10 2
 IA 
 ratio of intensity at A to that of B  I  is
  0.1 ;  0.05m  5cm .
 B
2
69. 5
A S1 S2 B
A  A12  A 22  2A1A 2 cos 
100.25
1
70. P  2 A2 sV 1
2 (A)  (B) (C) 0 (D) 9
9
1 1 f1 1 2
since   2 , f    1 3. The ends of a stretched wire of length L are
2 2 fixed at x = 0 and x = L. In one experiment
since P1  P2 , 1 A1  2 A2 the displacement of the wire is y1 = A sin
 x 
Pressure amplitude, P0  B0 Ak   sin t and energy is E1 and in other
 L
 A1  k1  experiment its displacement is
 Po 1 /  Po 2    
 A2  k2   2x 
y2 = A sin  L  sin 2 t and energy is E2.
 
 A    1 2 Then:
  1  2    
   1
 A2  1   2  1  (A) E2 = E1 (B) E2 = 2E1
(C) E2 = 4E1 (D) E2 = 16E1
LEVEL - VI 4. A transverse sinusoidal wave moves along
a string in the positive x–direction at a
SINGLE ANSWER QUESTIONS speed of 10 cm/s. The wavelength of the
wave is 0.5 m and its amplitude is 10 cm. At
1. The amplitude of a wave disturbance a particular time t, the snap–shot of the
propagating in the positive x–direction is wave is shown in figure. The velocity of
1 1 point P when its displacement is 5 cm is
given by y  2 at t = 0 and
y
1 x 2  x2  2 x y
at t  2s , where x and y are in meter.. P

x
Assuming that the shape of the wave
disturbance does not change during the
propagation, the speed of the wave is
(A) 0.5 m/s 3 3 ˆ
(A) ĵ m / s (B)  j m/s
(B) 1 m/s 50 50
(C) 1.5 m/s 3 3

(C) î m / s (D)  î m / s
(D) 2 m/s 50 50
5. The displacement y of a particle  2 – 1 
12
 2 
12
executing periodic motion is given by (A) 300  2  (B) 300  2 – 1 

   
y  4 cos 2  t  sin 1000t  . This expression may  2   2 – 1 
be considered to be a result of the (C) 300  2 – 1  (D) 300  2 
   
superposition of waves : 9. Two vibrating strings of the same material
(A) two (B) three (C) four (D) five but of lengths L and 2L have radii 2r and r
respectively. They are stretched under the
6. A string has a linear mass density '  ' and a same tension. Both the strings vibrate in
length L = 3m. Its two ends are D =2m their fundamental modes, the one of length
L with frequency v1 and the other with
apart. Two blocks of mass M  8 kg
v1
each are suspended from the string as frequency v2. The ratio v is given by:
2
shown in the figure. The time taken by a (A) 2 (B) 4 (C) 8 (D) 1
wave pulse to travel from point A to point B 10. In the experiment for the determination of
is the speed of sound in air using the
resonance column method, the length of the
air column that resonates in the
fundamental mode with a tuning fork is
0.1 m. When this length is changed to 0.35
m, the same tuning fork resonates with the
first overtone. The end correction is
(A) 0.012 m (B) 0.025 m

(C) 0.05 m (D) 0.024 m
11. A massless rod of length  is hung from the
 L  L g L  ceiling with the help of two identical wires
A) L B) C) D) attached at its ends. A block is hung on the
g 2 g 2  3 g
rod at a distance x from the left end. In this
7. A rope of mass ‘m’ and length ‘L’is case, the frequency of the 1st harmonic of
suspended vertically. If a mass ‘M’is the wire on the left end is equal to the
suspended from the free end of the rope, frequency of the 2nd harmonic of the wire on
the time taken by a transverse wave pulse the right. The value of x is
generated at the bottom to travel to the top
is
L
A) 2
mg
 M m m 
x
L
B)
mg
 M m m     
(A) (B) (C) (D)
2 3 4 5
1 L 12. A police car moving at 22 m/s chases a
C)
2 mg
 M m  motorcyclist. The police man sound his
horn at 176 Hz, while both of them move
L towards a stationary siren of frequency 165
D)
mg
 M  m  Hz. If the motorcyclist does not observe
any beats, the speed of motor cycle is
8. An object of specific gravity  is hung from ( velocity of sound is 330ms 1 )
a thin steel wire. The fundamental Police car Motorycle
frequency for transverse standing waves in
the wire is 300 Hz. The object is immersed
in water, so that one half of its volume is
Stationary siren
submerged. The new fundamental 22 m/s, 176 Hz V
(165 Hz)
frequency (in Hz) is : (A) 33 m/s (B) 22 m/s (C) zero (D) 11 m/s
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13. A string of length 0.4 m and mass 10–2 kg is 2k1 k1  k 2
tightly clamped at its ends. The tension in (A) k  k (B)
1 2 2k1
the string is 1.6 N. Identical wave pulses
are produced at one end at equal intervals k1  k2 2k1
of time t . The minimum value of t , (C) 2k1 (D) k  k
1 2
which allows constructive interference 17. Two loud speakers are being compared,
between successive pulses, is : and one is perceived to be 32 times louder
(A) 0.05 s (B) 0.10 s (C) 0.20 s (D) 0.40 s than the other. The difference in intensity
14. A train moves towards a stationary levels between the two when measured in
observer with speed 34 m/s. The train decibels. is
sounds a whistle and its frequency (A) 60 (B) 40 (C) 50 (D) 30
registered by the observer is f 1 . If the 18. There are three source of sound of equal
train’s speed is reduced to 17 m/s, the intensities with freqency ( n-1) ,n, ( n+1) Hz.
frequency registered is f2. If the speed of The beat freqency heard if all the sources
f1 are switched on simultaneously is
sound is 340 m/s then the ratio f is :
2 (A) 2 (B) 3 (C) 4 (D) 0
18 1 19 19. The temperature at which the fundamental
(A) (B) (C) 2 (D)
19 2 18 freqncy of an organ pipe is independent of
15. A simple harmonic oscillator of frequency small variation in temperature in terms of

‘f’ is attached to the end of a cord that has a the coefficient of linear expansion   of
linear mass density '  ' and is under a
the material of the tube is
tension ‘T’. The power that must be
provided to the cord by the oscillator to 1 1 1 1
generate a sinusoidal wave of amplitude (A) (B) (C) (D)
 3 2 4
‘A’, angular frequency '  ' and apeed ‘v’ is 20. The figure shows the location of a source
2
 A v 2 and detector at time t = 0. the source and
A)  2 A2 v B) detector are moving with velocities
2
 2 A2v 2 3 2 A2 v
  5i m / s
s and   10 j m / s
D
C) D) respectively. The frequency of signals
2 2
received by the detector at the moment
16. Two wires of different linear mass densities
when the source crosses the origin is ( the
are joined, consider the junction to be at x =
frequency of source is 100 Hz.velocity of
0. An incident wave y1  Ai sin  t  k1x  sound 330 ms 1 )
is travelling to the right from the region
x  0 . At the boundary the wave is partly
reflected and partly transmitted. If
Ai , A r a n d At respectively represent the
incident reflected and transmitted
Ar
amplitudes then A  ( given k2 is the
t
(A) 97Hz (B) 47Hz
wave number of transmitted wave)
(C) 90Hz (D) 60Hz

21. A boy is moving along a circular track in
anticlockwise sense. A children train
moves along a square path with centres of
circular track and square both coinciding,
as shown in the figure. the train as well as
the boy start from points B and A such that
points O, A and B always lie on the same
radial line. The velocity of listener is 11 m/
s. The train continuously whistles at d d d d
frequency 300 Hz. during one such (A)  sin  , cos  (B) sin  , cos 
2 2 2 2
complete rotation the maximum and
minimum frequency heard by the boy. are d d d d
(C) cos  , sin  (D) sin  , cos 
respectively ( Take velocity of sound 330 2 2 2 2
m/s) 24. How long will it take sound waves to travel
C B the distance/between the points A and B if
the air temperature between them varies
D
a R
linearly from T1 to T2 ? T2  T1  and   .
a/4 M
l
E
A)  T  T   T 2  T1 
2 1
9000 9000
(A) Hz, Hz 4l
30  2 2 30  2 2 B)  T  T   T 2  T1 
2 1
9000 9000
(B) Hz, Hz 2l
30  4 2 30  4 2
C)  T  T   T 2  T1 
6000 6000 2 1
(C) Hz, Hz
30  2 2 30  2 2 l
D) 2 T  T   T 2  T1 
6000 6000 2 1
(D) Hz, Hz
30  4 2 30  4 2 25. Figure shows two snapshots of medium
22. A whistle of frequency f 0 =1300Hz is particles within a time interval of 1/60 s. Find
dropped from a height H = 505 m above the the possible time periods of the wave
ground. At the same time, a detector is
projected upwards with velocity
  50 ms 1 along the same line. If the
velocity of sound is V=300ms -1 , The
frequency detected by the dector after t =
5s is (g=10ms-2)
(A) 1600 Hz (B) 1500 Hz
(C) 1700 Hz (D) 1800 Hz
23. 2) Two coherent sources S1 and S 2 at a
distance interference effect at point P,O is
the middle point of S1S 2 and origin of the
1 1
coordinate system, as shown, such that A) 10  6n  1 B) 10  5n  1
POX   . Find the coordinate of source
S1 when sources are rotated about point O 1 1
so that no interference effect is observed at C) 10  6n  1 D) 20  6n  1
P:
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26. Airport authority has made the regulations 29. Radio waves coming at angle  to vertical
that maximum allowable intensity level are received by a ladder after reflection
detected by a microphone situated at the end from a nearby water surface and also
of 1630 m long runway can be 100 dB. An directly. What can be height of antenna from
aeroplane when flying at a height of 200 m water surface so that it records a maximum
produces an intensity level of 100 dB on
ground. While taking off, this aeroplane intensity (a maxima) (wavelength =  )
makes a angle 300 with horizontal. Find the
maximum distance this aeroplane can cover
on the ruway, so that the regulations are not
violated (assume no reflection).
A) 1200 m. B) 1230 m C) 1430 m D) 1530 m.
27. Sound from two coherent sources S1 and S 2
are sent in phase and detected at point P
equidistant from both the sources. Speed
of sound in normal air is V0 , but in some part
in path S1 , there is a zone of hot air having    
A) B) C) D)
temperature 4 times, the normal 2 cos  2 sin  4 sin  4 cos 
temperature, and width d. What should be
minimum frequency of sound, so that
minima can be found at P? MULTIPLE ANSWER QUESTIONS
S1
d
30. A wave equation which gives the
4T0
displacement along the y-direction is given
by: y = 10–4 sin (60 t + 2x) where x and y are
in metres and t is time in seconds. This
P represents a wave:
(A) traveling with a velocity of 30 m/s in the
S2 negative x-direction
V 4V V 2V
A) d0 B) d 0 C) 2 d0 D) d 0 (B) of wavelength  m
28. Two coherent narrow slits emitting wave (C) of frequency 30/  hertz
length  in the same phase are placed
parallel to each other at a small separation (D) of amplitude 10–4 m traveling along the
negative x-direction
of 2  , the sound is detected by moving a
detector on the screen S at a distance D 31. A wave is represented by the equation;
(>>  ) from the slit S1 as shown in y = A sin (10  x + 15  t +  /3)
figure.Find the distance x such that the
intensity at P is equal to the intensity at O. where x is in meters and t is in seconds. The
expression represents:
P
2 x (A) a wave traveling in the positive x-direction
with a velocity 1.5 m/s.
O
S1 S2 (B) a wave traveling in the negative x-direction
with a velocity 1.5 m/s
(C) a wave traveling in the negative x-direction
D S
with a wavelength 0.2 m
D
A) D B) 3D C) 3D D) (D) a wave traveling in the positive x-direction
3 with a wavelength 0.2 m
32. A transverse sinusoidal wave of amplitude 35. Two tuning forks P and Q are vibrated
a, wavelength  and frequency f is together. The number of beats produced
are represented by the straight line OA in
traveling on a stretched string. The
the following graph. After loading Q with
maximum speed of any point on the string is
wax again these are vibrated together and
v the beats produced are represented by the
, where v is the speed of propagation of
10 line OB. If the frequency of P is 341 Hz,
the wave. If a = 10–3 m and v = 10 m/s, then choose the correct option(s)
 and f are given by :
A
(A)  = 2  × 10–2 m 3 B
Beats
(B)  = 10–3 m 2
103 1
(C) f = Hz
2 0 t(s)
1 2
(D) f = 104 Hz
33. A triangular pulse is moving with speed 2 (A) 341 Hz (B) 338 Hz (C) 344 Hz
cm/s along a rope (kept along x-axis) whose (D) on waxing Q the no. of beats decreases
one end is free at x = 0 as shown in the 36. In a large room, a person receives direct
figure. Choose the correct option regarding sound from source at 120m away. He also
this pulse. receives waves from same source after
reflection from 25 m high ceiling at a point

half ways between them. Find
1 cm wavelength(s) from which two sound waves
X=0
interfere constructively
A O B
C
2 cm 1 cm 1 cm
2 cm
(A) 0.5 cm S P
Source Detector
2cm x=0 At t = 1 s
10
(A) 10 m (B) 5m (C) 7 m (D) m
3
2 cm 37. A sound wave of frequency f travels
(B) horizontally to the right. It is reflected from
2cm x=0 At t = 1 s a large vertical plane surface moving to left
(C) particle speed (between A to O) at t = 0 s is with a speed v. The speed of sound in
medium is C :
1 cm/s
(A) The number of wave striking the surface per
(D) particle speed (between A to O)at t = 0 s is
c  v 
2 m/s. second is f
c
34. A wave disturbance in a medium is
c (c – v )
  (B) The wavelength of reflected wave is f (c v)
described by y(x, t) = 0.02 cos  50t  2 
 
cos (10  x), where x and y are in metre and c  v
(C) The frequency of the reflected wave is f  c – v 
t is in second
(A) a node occurs at x = 0.15 m (D) The number of beats heard by a stationary
(B) an antinode occurs at x = 0.3 m listener to the left of the reflecting surface is
(C) the speed of wave is 5 ms–1 2vf
(D) the wavelength is 0.2 m c–v
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38. Energy density E (energy per unit vol ume) 40. A traveling wave is of the form y (x,t) = A
of the medium at a distance r from a sound cos (kx - wt) + B sin (kx -wt), which can also
source varie according to the curve shown be written as y (x,t) = D sin (kx - wt - f)
in figure. Which of the following are where
possible? (A) D = A + B (B) D = AB
(C) D2 = A2 + B2 (D) D = A - B
41. Consider the snapshot of a wave traveling
in positive x-direction
A
A) The source may be a point isotropic source.
B) If the source is a plane wave source then the
B
medium particles have damped oscillations.
C) If the source is a plane wave source then
power of the source is decreasing with time (A) The particle A is moving in -ve y-direction
D) Density of the medium decreases with and particle B is moving in +y-direction
distance r from the source (B) The particle B is moving in -ve y-direction
and particle A is moving in +y-direction
(C) Both are moving in the +ve y-direction

(D) Both are moving in -ve y-direction
Passage : II
Passage : I Superposition of waves results in maximum and
A traveling wave on stretched string can be minimum of intensities such as in case of
understood by the function y = f(x -vt). Here v is standing waves. This phenomenon is called as
the wave speed ‘x’ is co-ordinate of point and interference. Another type of superposition
‘y’ is its instantaneous displacement. To result in interference in time which is called as
describe the wave completely, we must specify beats. In this case waves are analyzed at a fixed
the function f. point as a function of time. If the two waves are
of nearby same frequency are superimposed, at
If the wave moves in negative x-direction y (x, t)
a particular point, intensity of combined waves
= f(x + vt) and if it moves in positive x-direction
gives a periodic peak and fall. This phenomenon
y (x, t) = f(x - vt). The general relation for a
is beats. If  1 and  2 are the frequencies of
traveling wave must satisfy the relation
two waves then by superimposed y = y1 + y2,
d 2f 1 d2y we get at x = 0,
 . , if plane wave exists. The
dx 2 v 2 dt 2
    2    1  2 
particle velocity and wave velocity are related y   2 A cos  1  .t  sin .t
  2    2 
by Vpa = - (slope) (wave velocity ). Answer the
Thus amplitude frequency is small and fluctuates
following questions slowly. A beat i.e., a maximum of intensity
39. y (x, t) = 5 sin [  t - x/5] occurs, also intensity depends on square of
(A) Not a traveling wave amplitude. The beat frequency is given by
(B) A traveling wave with speed v = 10 beat | 1  2 |
(C) The wave is traveling in +ve x direction Number of beats per second is called as beat
frequency. A normal ear can detect only upto 10
(D) The wave is traveling in - ve x-direction
Hz of frequency because of persistence of ear.
42. If two sound sources of frequency 46. If a minima is formed at the detector then,
difference 25 Hz are sounded together. the magnitude of wavelength of the wave
Then which of the following is correct ? produced is given by
(A) A normal human ear will hear 25 Hz beat 3 4
frequency (A) 2R (B) R (C) R (D) None of these
2 5
(B) A normal human ear will hear only 10 Hz 47. The maximum intensity produced at D is
beat frequency given by
(C) A normal human ear cannot detect this (A) 4I0 (B) 2I0 (C) I0 (D) 3I0
frequency difference
(D) A normal human ear can hear maximum of Passage IV
the two frequency sounded together Observe O is ahead by L from source S which
43. The phenomena of beats can take place for are moving along same line with velocities V0
(A) Only transverse waves
(B) Only longitudinal waves and VS respectively. The speed of sound is V..
(C) Both longitudinal & transverse waves The source emits a wave pulse that reaches the
(D) For sound waves only obsever in time t1 .
44. The frequency of beats produced in air
when two sources of sound are activated,
one emitting wavelength 32 cm, other 32.2
cm is (Take Vsound = 350 m/s)

At time t=T, the source reaches at S | . It is
(A) 14 (B) 18 (C) 7 (D) 10
Passage -III obvious that the observer will not be at O this
A narrow tube is bent in the form of a circle of time. The source emits a wavepulse at this time
radius R, as shown in the figure. Two small holes to reach the observer in time t2 , which is
S and D are made in the tube at the positions measured from t=0.
right angle to each other. A source placed at S 48. Find the time t1
generates a wave of intensity I0 which is equally
divided into two parts: one part travels along the L VL
longer path, while the other travels along the (A) V  V (B) V  V V
0 0 0
shorter path. Both the part waves meet at the
V0 L L
point D where a detector is placed. (C) V  V V (D) V  V 
0 0 0
49. Find the time t2

R L  V  V0  T V  Vs 
S (A) (B) V  V .T
V  Vs   0
L  V  Vs  T L  V  Vs  T
(C) (D)
D
V  V0  V  V0 
50. Two pulses are emitted by sources at S
45. If a maxima is formed at a detector then, and S | . What is the time lag by which
the magnitude of wavelength of the wave
observer observe them ?
produced is given by
R  V  Vs   V  Vs 
(A) R (B) (A)  V  V  T (B)  V  V  T
2  0   0 
R  V  Vs   V  Vs 
(C) (D) all of these (C)  V  V  T (D)  V  V  T
4
 0   0 
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Passage V 56. The values of the maximum and minimum
A train appoaching a hill at a speed 40 km/hr frequencies. are respectively
sounds a whistle of freqency 580 Hz, when it is  6 3   6 3 
a distance of 1 km from the hill. A wind with (A) f s   , f s  
speed 40 km/hr is blowing in the direction of  6 3   6 3 
motion of the train.
 6 3   6 3 
( Velocity of sound in air = 1200 km / hr ) (B) f s   , f s  
51. The frequency of the whistle as heard by an    12 3     12 3 
observer on the hill is
 6 3   6 3 
(A) 599Hz (B) 590Hz (C) f s   , f s  
(C) 610Hz (D) 620Hz  3 3   3 3 
52. The distance from the hill at which the echo  6 3   6 3 
from the hill is heard by the driver is (D) f s   , f s  
   3    3 
31 29
(A) km (B) km
29 31 MATRIX MATCHING TYPE QUESTIONS
29 30
(C) km (D) km 57. Column I represents the wave speeds in
30 29 four cases while column II represents the
53. The frequency of echo is
expressions for speeds. Match column I

(A) 599Hz (B) 590Hz and II so that the wave speed in column I
(C) 610Hz (D) 620Hz matches the corresponding expression in
Passage VI column II.
Column – I Column – II
. A source is moving across a circle given by the
P
equation x 2  y 2  R 2 with constant speed (A)Longitudinal wave in solid rod (P) 
330
s  m / s in clockwise sense. A T
6 3 (B)Longitudinal wave in a liquid (Q)
detector is stationary at the point ( 2R, 0 ) w.r.t. 
the centre of the circle. The frequency emitted B
by the source is f s . ( velocity of sound 330 (C)Longitudinal wave in a gas (R) 
ms 1 ) Y
54. The coordinates of the source when the (D)Transverse wave in a stretched string (S) 
detector records maximum frequency is
58. The diagrams in Column A show transverse
R R 3 R 3 R sinusoidal standing/travelling waveforms
(A)  2 , 2  (B)  2 , 2  on stretched strings. In each case, the
    string is oscillating in a particular mode,
and, its shape and other characteristics are
(C)  R , 0  (D)  0,  R  shown at time t = 0. The maximum
55. The coordinates of the source when the amplitude (in all the cases) is A, the velocity
detector detects mimimum frequency is of the waveform on the string is c, the mass
per unit length of the string is  and the
 R 3 R 3 R frequency of vibration is f (angular
(A)  R / 2, 2  (B)  2 , 2  frequency =  ). The kinetic energy of the
    string (of length L) is represented by the
functions in Column B. Match the correct
(C)  R, 0  (D)  0,  R 
entries in Column B.
Column A Column B 60. Match the Following:
Fixed Fixed
In column I the location of observer, wall
end end and source with their corresponding
A uniform non zero speeds ( observer is
92 c 2 2
(A) (p) A stationary) are indicated and in column II
4 L corresponding information are given.
L Match them.
Column I
Fixed Free
end end
A 92 c 2 2
(B) (q) A sin2 t
4 L
L
(A)
Free
Free
end
end
A 92 c 2 2
(C) A (r) A sin2 t
16 L
L
A
2 c 2 2 (B)
(D) (s) A sin2 t
L 4 L
Travelling wave
59. Two sources of sound S1 and S2, emitting

waves of equal wave length 40 cm are
placed with separation of 10 cm between
them. Amplitudes of waves emitted are 6
mm and 8 mm respectively. Four observers
A, B, C, D lie on line joining them as shown. (C)
S1 C D S2
A B
5 cm 2.5 cm 5 cm 7 cm
10 cm
(D)
Column – I
(A) Resulting amplitude received by A
(B) Resulting amplitude received by B Column II
(C) Resulting amplitude received by C (p) Beats must be detected
(D) Resulting amplitude received by D (q) Beats may be detected
Column – II (r) Wavelength of sound wave after reflection
from wall may decrease to a value smaller than
(P) 12.95 cm actual value with stationary source.
(Q) 14 cm (s) Wavelength of sound wave after reflection
(R) 10 cm from wall increase to a value greater than actual
(S) 7 cm value with stationary source.
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61. Two identical speakers emit sound waves of 64. A wire having a linear mass density
frequency 103 Hz uniformly in all directions. 5.0  103 kg / m is streched between two
The audio output of each speaker is
rigid supports with a tension of 450N. The
9 /10 mW . A point ‘P’ is at a distance 3 m
wire resonates at a frequency of 420Hz.
from the speaker S1 and 5 m from speaker The next higher frequency at which the
S 2 . Resultant intensity at P is I R . Match same wire resonates is (420 + 10x) Hz.
the items in Column I with the items in Length of wire is 2.1 m. Value of x is nearly.
column II. 65. A source emitting sound of frequency is
Column - I placed in front of a wall at a distance of 2m
i) If the speakers are incoherent, then
ii) If the speakers are driven coherently and in from it. A detector is also placed in front of
phase at P the wall at some distance from it. Find the
iii) If the speakers are driven coherently and out minimum distance (in meter) between the
of phase by 1800 at P, then source and the detector for which the
iv) If the speaker S 2 is switched off, then detector detects a maximum of sound
Column-II speed of sound in air = 360 m/sec
a) I R  64 W / m 2 66. A source of sound S and a detector D are
placed at some distance from one another.
b) I R  25 W / m 2 A big cardboard is placed near the detector
c) I R  34 W / m 2
and perpendicular to the line SD as shown

d) I R  4 W / m 2 in figure. It is gradually moved away and it
is found that the intensity changes from a
INTEGER ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS maximum to a minimum as the board is
moved through a distance of 20 cm. The
62. A train approaching a railway crossing at a frequency of the sound emitted is found out
speed of 120 km/hr sounds a short whistle to be "70 x " Hz . Find the value of x ?
at frequency f 0  640 Hz .when it is 300 m ( Velocity of sound in air is 336 ms-1)
away from the crossing. The speed of sound
in air is 340 m/sec. A person standing on a
road perpendicular to the track at a
distance 400 m from the crossing, hears S D
frequency f1 . The value of f1  f 0  10 x .

Find the value of x ? 67. Calculate the frequency of beats produced
63. A closed organ pipe is vibrating in in air to the nearest integer value when two
fundamental frequency. There are two sources of sound are activated, one emitted
points A and B in the organ pipe as shown, a wavelength of 32 cm and the other of
at a distance AB  L n . Ratio of maximum 32.2cm.The speed of sound in air is
pressure variation at point A to point B is 350 ms-1.
68. Two tuning forks with natural frequencies
2 / 3 find value of n.
of 340 Hz each move relative to a
stationary observer. One fork moves away
from the observer, while the other moves
towards him at the same speed. The
B observer hears beats of frequency 3 Hz.
The speed of the tuning fork is found out to
L/n be "6 / n " ms 1 find n ? ( given (velocity of
A
sound 340 ms 1 )
69. An observer standing at a railway crossing
receives frequency of 2.2 kHz and 1.8 kHz
LEVEL-VI
when the train approaches and recedes
from the observer. The velocity of the train KEY
is 10n then find n. [The speed of the sound
SINGLE ANSWER QUESTIONS
in air is 300 m/s]
1) A 2) B 3) C 4) A
70. nth harmonic of a closed organ pipe is equal
to mth harmonic of a open pipe. First over 5) B 6) B 7) A 8) A
tone frequency of the closed organ pipe is 9) D 10) B 11) D 12) B
also equal to first overtone frequency of the 13) B 14) D 15) B 16) B
open organ pipe. Find the value of n, if m=6. 17) C 18)A 19) C 20) A
71. Two sound sources are moving away from a 21) A 22) B 23) A 24) C
stationary observer in opposite directions
25) A 26)B 27) A 28) C
with velocities V1 and V2 V1  V2  . The 29) D
frequency of both the sources is 900Hz. V1 MULTIPLE ANSWER QUESTIONS
30) A,B,CD 31) B,C 32) A,C
and V2 are both quite less than speed of

33) A,C 34) A,B,C,D 35) C,D
sound V=300m/sec. Find the value of
36) A,B,D 37) A,B,C,D
V1  V2  so that beat frequency observed
38) A,B,C,D
by observer is 6 Hz. (in m/sec)
72. A closed and an open organ pipe of same
39) C 40) C 41) A 42) C
length are set into vibrations simultaniously
in thier fundamental mode to produce 2 43) D 44) C 45) D 46) A
beats. The length of open organ pipe is now 47) B 48) D 49) C 50) D
halved and of closed organ pipe is double. 51) A 52) B 53) D 54) B
Now find the number of beats produced. 55) D 56) A
73. The displacement Vs time graph for two MATRIX MATCHING TYPE QUESTIONS
waves A and B which travel along the same
57) A-S; B-R; C-P; D-Q
string are shown in the figure. Their
58) A-Q; B-R; C-S; D-P
IA
intensity ratio I is 59) A-R; B-R; C-P; D-Q
B
60) A-Q,R; B-P,S; C-P; D-P,R
y A 61) (i )  c; (ii )  a; ( iii )  d ; (iv )  b
3
INTEGER ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

0
t
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
62) 4 63) 3 64)7 65) 3
–2
B
66) 6 67) 7 68) 4 69) 3
70) 9 71) 2 72) 7 73) 1

JEE
JEE ADVANCED
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VOL -- V
I SOUND AND WAVES
LEVEL-VI y y
4. (A) v P  t   v x is positive and can only be
HINTS & SOLUTIONS along y–axis.
5. (B) Given : y  4 cos 2  t  sin 1000t 
SINGLE ANSWER QUESTIONS  2 1  cos 2t  sin 1000t 
= 2sin1000t  2sin1000t  cos 2t
1 1 y  2 sin1000t  sin1002t  sin 998t
1. (A) At t  0 , y  , or x  x1
1 x2 y Thus the periodic motion consists of three
1 1
components.
At t  2s, y  6.
2  x 2  2 x 1   x  1 2
2 1 y 1 y
or,  x  1  y or, x  1  y  x2
 Speed of the wave

x x2  x1 1
v    0.5 m/s
t t2  t1 2  0
2. (B)
For interference at A : S2 is behind of S1 by a


distance of 100  (equal to phase difference
4
 
). Further S2 lags S1 by . Hence the waves
2 2
from S1 and S2 interfere at A with a phase T1 cos   Mg ; T1 sin   T2  T2  Mg tan 
difference of 200.5  + 0.5  = 201    .
Hence the net amplitude at A is 2a – a = a
For interference at B : S2 is ahead of S1 by a
1
  tan  
distance of 100  . (equal to phase difference 8
4

) T2 Mg g
2   L
v t AB  ;
  8  2v
Further S2 lags S1 by .
2
L 
Hence waves from S1 and S2 interfere at B with t AB 
a phase difference of 2 g
200.5   0.5   200  0  . 7.
Hence the net amplitude at A is 2a + a = 3a
3. (C)
Energy E  (amplitude)2 (frequency)2
Amplitude (A) is same in both the cases, but
frequency 2w in the second case is two times
the frequency (  ) in the first case.
Therefore, E2 = 4E1

mxg f' 2  '  w '
Tension at A = T = Mg   
L f 2 '  w = specific gravity =
 velocity of pulse at A is given by
2 1
 M  mx  g f '  300 Hz
2
dx L
v  9. (D)
dt 
1 T
Fundamental frequency is given by v = 2l 
dx g
  dt
mx  (with both the ends fixed)
M g
L
1 T
on integrating   v  2l r 2
2L  mx  g v1 l2 r2 2 Lr
 M  g   t    1
m L 0  v2 l1 r1 L2r
10. (B)
2L M
t
m Lg
 M m  M  Let l be the end correction.
Given that, fundamental tone for a length 0.1 m

= first overtone for the length 0.35 m.
L
t2
mg
 M m M  v 3v
4(0.1  l )
= 4(0.35  l )
8. (A)
The diagrammatic representation of the given Solving this equation, we get Δl  0.025m
problem is shown in figure. The expression of 11. (D)
1 T
v  f
fundamental frequency is v = 2l 
T1
x T2
T T
Mg
Water
3
w = 1 g/cm T1
 2Lf
1 v ' g 
T  mg  v  ' g ; f  T2 Lf
2l 

V
T '  mg  w g
2 T1
4
T2
v
v ' g   w g T1 + T2 = Mg ; T2 = Mg/5
1 2
f ' StB = 0  Mg  l = (Mg/5)  L; l = L/5
2l 
JEE
JEE ADVANCED
MAINS - CW -- VOL
VOL -- V
I SOUND AND WAVES
12. (B) The motorcyclist observers no beats, so the
apparent frequency observed by him from two 16.
source must be equal
yi  Ai sin  t  k1 x 
 330  V   330  V 
f1  f 2  176    165  yt  At sin  t  k2 x 
 330  22   330 
 v = 22 m/s yr  Ar sin t  k1 x 
13. (B) Mass per unit length of the string,
at the boundary the displacement and slope of
10 –2 the wave is continuous then
m=
0.4
= 2.5  102 kg/m
yi  yr  yt
 Velocity of wave in the string,
Ai  Ar  At
T 1.6
v= m  2.5  10–2
; v = 8 m/s yi y y
 r  t
For constructive interference between successive x x x
pulses :  Ai K1 cos t  Ar K1 cos t   At K 2 cos t
2l (2)(0.4)
t min   = 0.10 s   Ai K1  Ar K1   At K 2
v 8
(After two reflections, the wave pulse is in same K1  K 2 2 K1
on solving Ar  K  K Ai , At  K  K Ai
phase as it was produced, since in one reflection 1 2 1 2

its phase changes by p and if at this moment next
identical pulse is produced, then constructive I2 I
17.    2  1  10 log  10 log 1
interference will be obtained.) I0 I0
 v  I2
14. (D) f1 = f  v – v  10 log
 s  I1
 340   340  Increasing the intenscity by a factor 10 changes
f1 = f  340 – 34  = f  306  the sound level by 10dB, increasing by 100
   
changes  by 20 dB. since
 340   340 
and f2 = f  340 – 17  = f  323 
    32  25   5 10   50dB
f1 323 19

18. y  A sin 2 π  n  1 t  A sin 2π nt
 f2
=
306 18
 A sin 2π  n  1 t
15. let us consider a small element of mass ‘dm’
 dm    dx   2 A sin  2 nt  cos  2 t   A sin  2 nt 
 Total energy of element is  resulting amplitude is R  A 1  2cos 2 t 
1
dE   dm   2 A2  I R 2
2
2
I A2 1  2cos 2 t 
1
 2 A2  dx 
2 dI
for I to be maximum or minimum 0
The rate at which energy is supplied is given by dt
dE 1 2 2 1 2 2 d
P =  A  dx   P   A v  1  2 cos 2 t 2
dt 2 2 dt

20.
2 1  2cos 2 t   2sin 2 t  .2  0
 1  2cos 2 t  0
1
 2 cos 2 t  
2
2
 2 t  2n  where n = 0, 1, 2......
3
1
or t  n  where n = 0, 1, 2......
3
1 1 3
 t  0, , , .....
2 1 2 Time taken by ‘S’ to travel from S to 0 = 20sec
also sin 2 t  0 In this time detector goes from D1to D2
or 2 t  n where n = 0, 1, 2..... The signal received by detector at t = 20sec is
n 1 2 not that produced by source at ‘O’ but produced
or t  where n = 0, 1, 2....  t  , ... from a position S 1 prior to ‘O’
2 3 3
cos 2 t  1, 1, 1,..... r d
 d vs 5 1
cos     
for these times  I  9 A2 , A2 ,9 A2 ,.... v vs r v 330 66
 In one second we get two minima and two 2  v  v0 sin  
maxima. Hence beat frequency is 2.  1 
sin  1     1  f D  f  
 66   v  vs cos  
v
19. f  , l  l0 1    T  T0  
2l  330  10 
 100   = 97 Hz
 RT  330  5 / 66 
v 21.
M
 we have to find the temperature at which
f  T   f  T0  C B1
B G
vT 450
vT
 RT  RT0 A1
 a
M  M D
O
2l0 1   T  T0   2l0
T E F
 1    T  T0 
T0 And velocity of boy and train around ‘O’ is same
1/ 2 a d a 
 T  T0  BB1  Tan  vT   Tan 
1    1    T  T0  2 dt  2 
 T0 
a 11
vT  sec 2  ;    a  44
1  T  T0  1 2 a/4
1    1   T  T0   T0 
2  T0  2 a 44
velocity of train at B    22ms 1
2 2
JEE
JEE ADVANCED
MAINS - CW -- VOL
VOL -- V
I SOUND AND WAVES
Just before the turn at ‘C’ vT component along 23. No interference effect is observed if S1| S 2| is
the line joining boy and train is away from boy
perpendicular to OP  x  0 
just after turn at C, the component is towards
boy  He hears max and min at the turn. d
|
velocity of train at x-coordinate of S1   sin 
2
a
C sec2 45  22  2  44ms 1 d
2 (since OS1 
|
)
2
v
f min  f
v  vs cos 45 | d
y-coordinates of S 2  cos 
2
330 30
 300   300  24. For linear variation of temperature, we can write
330  22 2 30  2 2
temperature at a distance x from point A is
v 30
f max  f  300  T2  T1
v  vs cos 45 30  2 2 Tx  T1  x
l
22. As sound takes finite time to travel, so the sound
received at t = 5 sec should have been emitted Thus velocity of sound at this point is given as
earlier.
 T T 
Let t1 be the time at which source emits sound v   T1   2 1  x
 l 
which is detected at t = 5 sec.
Then the time duration for which sound moves is dx  T T 
t t  t1   T1   2 1  x 
dt  l 
Let ‘h’ be dist moved by detected
1 2 dx
h  ut  gt  dt
2  T T 
 T1   2 1  x
1 2  l 
H
2
 
g t1 
 h  v t  t1  Integrating the above expression within proper
1 2 1 2 lmits, we get
505 
2
 
g t1  ut 
2

gt  v t  t1  1 1
dx
2    dt
505  5 t1    125  300 5  t1   0  T T 
 T1   2 1  x 0
 l 
2
t 
1
 
 60 t1  224  0  t1  4sec
1
2l  T2  T1 
 v  vs   T1  x  t
f  f0   T2  T1   l 0

 v  vs 
2l  T2  T1 
v0  u  gt  0 t 
  T2  T1   
vs  gt1  40ms 1
2l
300 t
 1300  = 1500 Hz.   T2  T1 
300  40

25. The wavelength of t he wave
1  d
  12  0   14  2   12 units |Path difference| = |   1 d |
2  2
Therefore, in time 1/60 s, the distance moved by
the wave is  d
For minima, path difference =  2n  1 
2 2

d  2  n      n ; n  J
6 d V V  2n  1
  ; f 
Velocity of wave:  2n  1 f d
d   V
v    n  60 f min 
1/ 60   6  d
 1 28. When detector is at O, we can see that the path
   difference in the two waves reaching O is
T   10  6n  1
v   n  60 d  2 thus at O detector receives a maximum
 6 
sound. When it reaches p and again there is a
26. Since aeroplane is producing intensity level of maximum sound detected at P the path difference
100 dB at a distance of 200 m from it, and this is
between two waves must be    . Thus from
also the maximum allowable sound level so as
the figure the path difference at P can be given as
not to violate the regulations, the maximum
distance of the plane from micro phone has to   S1P  S 2 P  S1Q  2 cos 
be 200 m. The diagram that follows shows the

situation exactly. Let the aeroplane leave the
runway, before x metres of the location of micro P
phone. Then, PM is the shortest distance Q
between the microphone and the aeroplane.  O
S1 d  2 S 2
D S
And we have point P, path difference    ,

thus   2 cos   
1 
cos   ; 
2 3
x
PM  x sin 300  Thus the value of x can be written as x  D tan 
2
x  
 PM  200   D tan    3D
 x  400 m 3
2
So, the required distance is 1630-400=1230 m. 29. Total path difference = AB + BC +  / 2  
27. Path difference =    1 d for maxima
h sec  cos 2  h sec    / 2
 R T0 
h sec   2 cos 2     / 2
V m0 1
  0'  
V  R  4T0  2 
h
m0 sec 

JEE
JEE ADVANCED
MAINS - CW -- VOL
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I SOUND AND WAVES
Hence Answer is (A)
MULTIPLE ANSWER QUESTIONS dy
vp  v w 
dx
30. (ABCD)
y = 10–4 sin (60t + 2x) 2
Hence, v p  2   1 cm / s
A = 10–4 m, w = 60 rad/s, k = 2m–1 2
 For the particle between A and O.
Speed of wave v = = 30 m/s
k 34. (ABCD)
 30 It is given that
Frequency f =  Hz.
2  y(x, t) = 0.02 cos (50  t +  /2) cos (10  x)
2  A cos(  t +  /2) cos kx
Wavelength l = =m
k  3
Node occurs when kx = , etc.
Further, 60 t and 2x are of same sign. Therefore, 2 2
the wave should travel in negative x-direction.  3
 All the options are correct. 10  x = ,  x = 0.05 m, 0.15
2 2
31. (BC) (option a)
 = 15  , k = 10  Antinode occurs when kx =  , 3  , etc.
 10  x =  , 3
Speed of wave, v= = 1.5m/s

k x = 0.1 m, 0.3 m (option b)

2 2

Speed of the wave is given by
Wavelength of wave l = = 0.2 m
k 10
 50
10  x and 15  t have the same sign. Therefore, v=  = 5 m/s (option c)
k 10
wave is traveling in negative x-direction.
Wavelength is given by
 correct options are (B) and (C).
32. (A, C) 2 2 1
l = k  10   5  m = 0.2 m (option d)
Maximum speed of any point on the string = a   
= a(2  f) 35. (CD) nQ = 341  3 = 344 Hz or 338 Hz
v 10 on waxing Q the no. of beats decreases
 = 10  10 = 1 (Given : v = 10 m/s) 36. (ABD)
 2  af = 1 SCP = 130 m
1
x = 10 m
 f = 2a x = n 
a = 10–3 m (Given) 10 10 10
 ;   10,5, , & so on.
n 3 4
1 103
 f = 2  10–3  2 Hz 37. (A, B, C,D)
The number of waves encountered by the moving
Speed of wave v = f  plane per unit time is given by
 103 –1  distance travelled
 (10 m/s) =  2 s   n = wavelength
 
cv c v
  = 2  × 10–2 m =  1  
  c
33. (AC)
Superposition of two displacement is added  v
= f  1  c  (option a)
y = y1 + y2  
The stationary observer meets the frequency f ’ Intensity , I  2 2 n 2 a 2  v
of the incident wave and receives the reflected
Since, intensity I   (density of medium) and
wave of frequency f” emitted by the moving
platform as density I is decreasing with distance, therefore,
the density  also decreases with distance from
f f (1  v c ) f ( c  v)
f”= 1 – v c = 1 – v c = (c – v) the source. Hence, option (d) is also correct.
(option c) COMPREHENSION TYPE QUESTIONS

c c c – v
Wavelength, l” = f   f  c  v  (option b) Passage:I
 
39. (C)
f (1  v c ) 40. (C)
Beat frequency= f”–f = (1 – v c ) – f
41. (A)
1 v c  (1  v c) f 2vf Passage:II
= f  1 – v c – 1 = (1 – v c)  c – v 42. (C) Beats will be detected by the ear only if
 
beat frequency fb = f1 - f2 < 10 Hz
38. (A,B,C,D)
43. (D) When two sound waves of nearly equal
Due to propagation of a wave the energy density
frequency travel in same direction produces
at a point is given by E=I/v
Where I is intensity at that point and v is wave beats.
propagation velocity. V 350  100

44. (C) f1 =   1093.75
It means energy density E is directly proportional  32
to intensity I.
350  100  10
If power emitted by a point source is P then f2 =   1086.95
intensity at a distance r from it is equal to 322
fb = f1 - f2 = 7Hz
P 1
I 2
or I  2 Passage:III
4 r r 45. (D) Path difference produced is
Hence, the shape of the curve between I and r
will also be same as that given in figure of the 3 
x  R  R  R
question. 2 2
Hence option (a) is correct. For maxima : x = n 
If the source is a plane sound source then intensity R
at every point in front of the source will be same  n  =  R   = n ,n  1,2,3,...
if damping does not take place. But if
damping takes place then the amplitude of 
46. (A) For minima  R  (2n  1)
oscillation of medium particles decreases with 2
distance. Hence, the intensity decreases with the Thus, the possible values of l are
distance from the source. In that case, the curve 2 2 2
between I and r may have the same shape as 2R, R, R, R,.....
3 5 7
shown in the figure given in the question. Hence
option (b) is also correct. 47. (B)
2
If the source is a plane wave source, intensity at
every point of the source will be the same.
Maximum intensity, Imax   I1  I2 
But if power of the source is decreasing with time I0
then intensity will also decrease with time. But at Here I1  I2  given
2
an instant, intensity at every density at every point
2
in front of source will also be same, though it will  I I 
decrease with time. Hence, option(c) is wrong.  Imax   0  0   2I0
 2 2 

JEE
JEE ADVANCED
MAINS - CW -- VOL
VOL -- V
I SOUND AND WAVES
Passage IV  v  vm  v0 
48. Total distance travelled by wave pulse in 53. f echo  f  
 v  vm 
t1  L  V0t1
Here f is the frequency that incidents on hill
(because observe moves by V0t1 in time t1 )
580 1240  1200  40  40 
This distnce is also given by Vt1   
1200  1200  40 
L 580 1240 1200
So, Vt1  L  V0t1 ; t1    = 620 Hz.
V  V0 1200 1160
49. Total distance travelled by wave pulse in time t 2
Passage VI
(measured from S ')   L  VsT   V0t2 54,55,56
Actual travel time =  t2  T 

A
3R
R
The above distance is also given by V  t2  T  600
C
O
600 2R  2R , 0 
V  t2  T    L  VS T   V0t 2 3R
L  V  VS  T B
t2  Frequency detected by detector is maximum

V  V0 
when source is directly towards it and minimum
50. When source approaches stationary obeserver when it is directly away from it.
 V  From the geometry of diagram frequency
f1  f    f (but consant) detected is maximum when source is at ‘A’
 V  VS  minimum when it is at B
When source recedes from stationary
3R
Time taken by source 
 V  v
observer f 2  f    f (but constant)
 V  VS  3R
Passage: V distance travelled by source = vs .
v
 v  vm  330 3
51. f  f0    /6
 v  vm  vs   angle swept out  .
6 3 330
 1200  40    
 580    599 Hz.  angle from horizontal   
 1200  40  40  3 6 6
52. Let ‘x’ be the distance from hill where echo is R 3 R
heard  coordinates of source  2 , 2 
 
 the distance travelled by train  1  x  km similarly the coordinates of source when minimum
1 x 1 x frequency is detected are ( 0, - R )
  
40 1240 1160 v v 330
fmin  fs  fs  fs
29 v  vs v  vs 330
x km 330 
31 6 3

6 3 P
 fs 61. I
 6 3 4 r 2
6 3
similarly f max  f s
6 3
MATRIX MATCHING TYPE QUESTIONS
57. A-S, B-R, C-P, D-Q

Conceptual
58. (A) – (q), (B) – (r), (C) – (s), (D) – (p)
y  a sin kx cos t 0.9 mW 1
I1  2
 mW  25  W / m 2
1 4  3 4
dk   ( dx )[a sin kx  cos t ]2
2
9 mW 9
1 I2  2
 mW  9  W / m 2
2 2 2 2
= dx  a  sin kx sin t 40  5  1000
2
For incoherent source,
1 l
k  a 2 k 2c 2 sin 2 t  (sin 2 kx) dx I R  I1  I 2   25  9   34  W / m 2

2 0
For coherent source,   0

1 2 2 2 2 L
= a k c sin t   now put the value of I R  I1  I 2  2 I1I 2
2 2
2
k
2

 I1  I 2  2
  5  3  64  W / m 2
2
59. A - r, B - r, C - p, D - q
(A)
For    , I R   I1  I 2 
2
 x = 10 cm   5  3   4 W / m 2
2  If the speaker S 2 is switched off,
   x 
 2
I R  I1  25  W / m 2
A  A  A = 10 cm
2
1
2
2
(B)  x = 10 cm INTEGER ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

(C)  x = 7.5 - 2.5
2   V 
  5  62. (4) f1  f 0  V  V cos 
40 4  s 
1 340
A  6 2  82  2  6  8   640 
2  167.88 340  20
 680Hz f1  f 0  40
A  12.95 cm 63. (3) y  2A sin kx cos t
(D)  x = 0 P  2BAk cos kx cos t
f= 0
A = A1 + A2 = 14 cm P A 1 2
60. (A - q,r); (B - p,s); (C -p); (D -p,r)  
P B  3 ; n = 3.
Apply Dopplers effect cos
2n
JEE
JEE ADVANCED
MAINS - CW -- VOL
VOL -- V
I SOUND AND WAVES
64. 7
 v 
n T n T 69. From the relation, f ’ = f  v  v  , we have
v  420   s 
2l  2l 
 300 
2.2 = f  300 – v  …(1)
n 1 T  T 
420  10 x 
2l   300 
Solving x  7 and 1.8 = f  300  v  …(2)
 T 
65. 3 Here, vT = vs = velocity of source/train

Solving Eqs. (1) and (2), we get
S
vT = 30 m/s ; n = 3
x
 V   V 
D 70. n   m  -------------(1)
 4 Lc   2 L0 
1  V   V 
 x2  2 also, 3  4 L   2  ----------(2)
2  22    x  2  x  3m  c   2 L0 
 4
Lc 3

 20 ;
v 336 From equation (2) L  4
66. l = 80 cm ; f    100 o
4  80
From equation(1)
1  n L  6 3 9
4  2 c    
S1 D m  Lo  4 2 6
= 420 Hz n  9 if m  6
67. 7
 300 
350 350 71. f1  900   = 900  3V1
f    7  300  V1 
0 .3 2 0 .3 2 2
68. Given f1 – f2 = 3 Hz likewise, f 2  900  3V2
 v   v  given f 2  f1  6
or f  v – v  – f  v  v  =3
 s   s 
3 V1  V2   6 ; V1  V2  2m / sec
 340   340 
or 340  340 – v  – 340  340  v  = 3  1 1 
 s   s  72. f0  fc  2 ; V     2 ; V / L  8
 2L 4L 
–1
 vs    vs   in second case,
or 340  340   – 340 1  340  = 3
 1 –
    V V 7V 7
f 0|  f c|   ;  8  7
as vs << 340 m/s L 8L 8L 8
Using binomial expansion, we have
I1 a12 f12 (3)2 (8)2
 vs   vs  73. (1) I a 2 f 2 (2)2 (12)2  1
 
340  1  340  – 340 1 – 340  = 3 2 2 2
   
2  340  vs
 =3 ***
340
 vs = 1.5 m/s

1.sound and Waves - Final

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JEE

SOUND AND WAVES

both transverss (S) and longitudinal (P)

  x 3  tuning fork of frequency n. Now when the

(C) 1/ 3 (D) 1/ 4 5 102 Pa

15. A particle is acted upon a force F  F0 cos t b) 0 0.1

the condition of resonance : Pex

16. For a sound wave travelling towards +x Pex

direction, sinusoidal longitudinal  5  10 2 Pa

3  2  3  1  constant at all times

(A) Frequency (B) Velocity of sound

COMPREHENSION TYPE QUESTIONS

equals to (0.3) x (diameter of tube), estimate f1 f2 Frequency

NTP, and at NTP, 22.4 litre contains 1 mole)

in air is 330 m/s. end corrections may be

(D) P0 , P0 matter which way

and QR of equal radii. PQ has a length 4.8 m

options of the following columns :

58. STATEMENT – 1 : If an observer places INTEGER TYPE QUESTIONS

V   340  amplitude of Pex   BAk

a MULTI ANSWER QUESTIONS

But for a spherical wave intensity at a distance r

will increase.On decrease of T1 , f1 will decrease  Antinode

increase of T2 , f 2 will increase and now again 2

remains unchanged. 4.8 2.56

if T2 is increased, f 2 will increase and now 63. (C)

at t  2s , where x and y are in meter.. P

(C) 1.5 m/s 3 3

executing periodic motion is given by (A) 300  2  (B) 300  2 – 1 

(A) 0.012 m (B) 0.025 m

15. A simple harmonic oscillator of frequency small variation in temperature in terms of

NISHITH Multimedia India (Pvt.) Ltd., 19

reflection from 25 m high ceiling at a point

(C) Both are moving in the +ve y-direction

cm is (Take Vsound = 350 m/s)

49. Find the time t2

expressions for speeds. Match column I

59. Two sources of sound S1 and S2, emitting

and perpendicular to the line SD as shown

frequency f1 . The value of f1  f 0  10 x .

and V2 are both quite less than speed of

INTEGER ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

28 NISHITH Multimedia India (Pvt.) Ltd.,

 Speed of the wave

For interference at A : S2 is behind of S1 by a

NISHITH Multimedia India (Pvt.) Ltd., 29

Given that, fundamental tone for a length 0.1 m

phase as it was produced, since in one reflection 1 2 1 2

NISHITH Multimedia India (Pvt.) Ltd., 31

NISHITH Multimedia India (Pvt.) Ltd., 33

be 200 m. The diagram that follows shows the

And we have point P, path difference    ,

34 NISHITH Multimedia India (Pvt.) Ltd.,

Speed of wave, v= = 1.5m/s

(option c) COMPREHENSION TYPE QUESTIONS

propagation velocity. V 350  100

Actual travel time =  t2  T 

t2  Frequency detected by detector is maximum

NISHITH Multimedia India (Pvt.) Ltd., 37

MATRIX MATCHING TYPE QUESTIONS

57. A-S, B-R, C-P, D-Q

k  a 2 k 2c 2 sin 2 t  (sin 2 kx) dx I R  I1  I 2   25  9   34  W / m 2

For coherent source,   0