07/06/2020

UNIT 1
The World of the Cell
(Cellular Biology) Chapter 1: Introduction to Cell
Biology
(1) P R EPA R ED B Y:

( 2 ) GISEL L E GI NA MA RIE S. ESQ UI NAS

KEY OBJECTIVES

• To pinpoint and explain the three postulates of the

"What characteristics do living

Cell Theory

organisms share?"
• To trace the timeline of Cell Theory developments
• To compare and contrast the cell theories of
prominent biologists
• To differentiate unicellular and multicellular
organisms

THINK PAIR

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Characteristics of living organisms

 Movement
 Reproduction

SHARE
 Sensitivity
 Growth
 Respiration
 Excretion
 Nutrition
Introduction to the Characteristics of Life http://www.bbc.co.uk/education/guides/zr46fg8/revision

Cell History

 1650 : Hans & Zacharias Janssen produced the first

microscope

Cell History Cell History

 1665 : Robert Hooke sliced piece of cork and examined it  1680 : Antoni van Leeuwenhoek discovered
under compound microscope; First to name “cells”. (1665 “animalcules” in water (bacteria)
book micrographia).

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Interlude

 Between the Hooke-Leeuwenhoek discoveries up to

mid-nineteenth century, very little cell advancements
were made.
 Theory on Spontaneous Generation was widely
accepted.
the hypothetical process by which living organisms
develop from nonliving matter.
RESEARCH on this theory and Louis Pasteur’s
experiment.

Cell History

 1831 : Robert Brown discovered the nucleus in cells.

Cell History Cell History

 1835 : Felix Dujardin discovered cells have a living  Johannes Purkinje named the living component of cell as
substance “sarcode” (protoplasm). “protoplasm” & together with Hugo von Mohl, established
the protoplasm concept.

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Cell History Cell History

 1838 : Matthias Schleiden discovered that plant parts are  1839 : Theodore Schwann discovered that animals are made up
made up of cells. of cells too, particularly muscle and nerve fiber tissues
(Schwann Cell).

Cell History Cell Theory

 1858 : Rudolf Virchow : stated that all living cells come
from pre-existing living cells and there is no spontaneous
generation.
The cell theory is universal for all living things, no
matter how simple or complex, tiny or huge it is.
3 Postulates:
1. AL L CEL LS THINGS COMPOSED L IVING ARE
MORE OF ONE OR
2. THE BASIC THINGS CEL L AL L UNIT IS L IVING
THE OF L IFE IN
3. AL L FROM CEL LS COME CEL LS PRE-EXISTING

Cell Theory Unicellular or Multicellular

The cell theory is universal for all living things, no  An organism can be unicellular or multicellular.
matter how simple or complex, tiny or huge it is.
Unicellular Multicellular
3 Postulates:
1. AL L L IVING THINGS ARE COMPOSED OF ONE
can perform all more complex in

OR MORE CEL LS.

essential functions structure and function

2. THE CEL L IS THE BASIC UNIT OF L IFE IN AL L

which enable it to grow, but the mechanism on

L IVING THINGS.
survive and reproduce. how it is able to live is
still the same with the
3. AL L CEL LS COME FROM PRE-EXISTING CEL LS. simple life forms

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Cell as the basic unit of life Cells come from pre-existing cells

The cell operates similar to a  Cells cannot be spontaneously created but

complete machine which has many it will always be a product of
compartments that perform different reproduction from a pre-existing cell
but interrelated and interconnected (Mazzarello 1999).
functions.

Examples of Postulate 1
I. Unicellular Organisms b) Bacteria
a) Amoeba

Image credit: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultrastructure#/media/File:Bacillus_subtilis.jpg

Image credit: A "Giant Amoeba” by Dr. Tsukii Yuuji. Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amoeba#/media/File:Chaos_carolinense.jpg

c) Euglena
d) Paramecium

Image credit: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euglena#/me dia/Fil e:Eug len a_sp.j pg

Image credit: Paramecium Aurelia by Barfooz. Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paramecium#/med ia/Fil e:Paramec ium.j pg

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e) Protozoa II. Multicellular Organisms

a) Fungi

Image credit: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protozoa#/media/File:Mikrofoto.de-Blepharisma_japonicum_15.jpg

b) Plant cells c) Animal cells (red blood cells of the chicken)

Image credit: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood#/media/File:Chickenrbc1000x.jpg

Examples of Postulate 2
d) Human cells (red blood cells)
a) Breast cancer cells

Image credit: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cancer_cel l#/med ia/Fil e:Breast_ca ncer _cel ls.jp g

Image credit: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood#/media/File:Humanrbc1000x.jpg

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b) Skin cells
b) Human embryonic stem cells

Image credit:
ttps://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Human_embryonic_stem_cells_only_A.png

Activity/ Assignment

Observation Experiment Report

Form groups of three or five members. Create a two-
column table where you will list down the characteristics Names of Group Members:
of unicellular and multicellular organisms. Observed Characteristics of Unicellular
and Multicellular Organisms
Unicellular Organisms Multicellular Organisms
1. 1.
2. 2.
3. 3.
4. 4.
5. 5.