MATHEMAT CS

YEAR 4
Pocket Money for Five Days
Monday

Tuesday
Da ys

Wednesday

Thursday

Friday

0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Value of Money (RM)
 STANDARD-BASED CURRICULUM FOR PRIMARY SCHOOL (REVIsed 2017)
DUAL LANGUAGE PROGRAMME

MATHEMATICS
YEAR 4
Writers
Gobi a/l Krishnan
Rozaili bin Mohd Ali
Mutharasan a/l S Sellaya @ Sellaiah

Translators
Wan Noor Adzmin binti Mohd Sabri
Norehan binti Mohamed Shaharoun
Kamariah binti Bujang Editors
Ainol Rafezah binti Alias
Asmahanim binti Ab Rahman
Graphic Designers Mohd ‘Udzair bin Depanaik
Aini binti Abd. Hamid Nurul Adilah binti Hamdan
Awaludin bin Mohd Arof Nurul Shaheza binti Zamri
Nor Azita binti Umar
Norini binti Mat Lana

Illustrators
Nurfatin Nadiah binti Tukiran
Ahmad Hisyamuddin bin Mohamad Mokhtar

Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka

Kuala Lumpur
2019
 KEMENTERIAN
PENDIDIKAN
MALAYSIA

Serial No.: 0022 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

KK 513-221-0102021-49-2580-20101
ISBN 978-983-49-2580-2
First Printing 2019
© Ministry of Education Malaysia 2019
All Rights Reserved. No part of this publication
may be reproduced or transmitted in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical,
including photocopying, recording or any
information storage and retrieval system without
permission in writing from the Director General
of Education Malaysia, Ministry of Education
Malaysia. Negotiation is subject to the calculation
of royalty or honorarium.
The Ministry of Education would like to express
its appreciation for the contributions made by
the following:
• The Panel of Evaluators,
Educational Resources and Technology
Division, Ministry of Education Malaysia.
• Officers of the Educational Resources
and Technology Division, and Curriculum
Development Division,
Ministry of Education Malaysia.
• The Panel of Evaluators,
Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.

Published for the Ministry of Education Malaysia by: • Officers of the English Language Teaching
Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, Centre (ELTC), Teacher Education Division,
Jalan Dewan Bahasa, Ministry of Education Malaysia.
50460 Kuala Lumpur.
Telephone: 03-21479000 (8 hunting lines) • Bank Negara Malaysia.
Facsimile: 03-21479643
Website: http://www.dbp.gov.my • SK Pengkalan Rinting, Johor.

• Teacher Education Institute,

Design and Typeset:
Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka Kampus Perempuan Melayu, Melaka.
Visual Print Sdn. Bhd.
• All parties involved in the process of
Text Typeface: Azim publishing this book.
Text Size: 14 point

Printed by:
Tihani Cetak Sdn. Bhd.,
No. 1, Jalan SB Jaya 15,
Sungai Buloh Industrial Park,
47000 Sungai Buloh,
Selangor Darul Ehsan.
 CONTENTS
PREFACE v
1 NUMBERS AND OPERATIONS 1
Recognise and Write Numbers 1
Mind Teaser 3
Explore Numbers 4 Fractions of a Quantity 83
Mind Teaser 5
Compare and Arrange Numbers 6
Even Numbers and Odd Numbers 9
Fun Exploration 10
Number Patterns 11
Estimation 13
Round off Numbers 15
Mind Teaser 16
Addition 18
Mind Teaser 18
Mind Teaser 19
Unknown in Addition 22
Mind Teaser 22
Subtraction 23
Mind Teaser 24
Mind Teaser 26
Unknown in Subtraction 27
Addition and Subtraction 28
Multiplication 30
Fun Exploration 33
Mind Teaser 35
Mind Riddle 36
Division 37
Mind Teaser 38
Mind Teaser 41
Mind Teaser 43
Multiplication and Division 44
Mind Teaser 45
Mind Teaser 47
Solve the Problems 48
Mind Riddle 62
Mind Challenge 63
FRACTIONS, DECIMALS,
2 AND PERCENTAGES 67
Convert Improper Fractions
and Mixed Numbers 67
Fun Exploration 70
Mind Teaser 70
Addition of Fractions 71
Subtraction of Fractions 75
Mind Teaser 79
Addition and Subtraction of Fractions 80
Mind Teaser 82
Mind Teaser 83
Addition of Decimals 86
Mind Teaser 87
Subtraction of Decimals 88
Multiplication of Decimals 90
Division of Decimals 92
Convert Fractions and Percentages 94
Mind Teaser 95
Percentages of Objects 96
Solve the Problems 97
Mind Riddle 102
Mind Challenge 103
3 MONEY 105
Addition of Money 105
Mind Teaser 107
Subtraction of Money 108
Mind Teaser 109
Addition and Subtraction of Money 110
Mind Teaser 11 1
Multiplication of Money 112
Division of Money 114
Multiplication and Division of Money 116
Manage Money Wisely 118
Fun Exploration 121
Make Wise Decisions 122
Main Currencies of the World
and Their Values 124
Payment Instruments 126
Solve the Problems 128
Mind Riddle 133
Mind Challenge 134
MIND TWISTER 135
4 TIME 139
12-hour and 24-hour Systems Saiz 139
sebenar
Fun Exploration 142
iii
 Duration 143
Time Approximation 145
Relationship Between Millenium, 6
Centuries, Decades, and Years 146
Mind Teaser 146
Conversion of Units of Time 147
A Hours and Days 147
B Days and Weeks 148
C Months and Years 149
D Years, Decades, and Centuries 150
Fun Exploration 151
Addition of Time 152
Subtraction of Time 155
Mind Teaser 155
Mind Teaser 156
Multiplication of Time 158
Mind Teaser 160
Division of Time 161
Mind Teaser
Solve the Problems
163
164
Mind Riddle 168
Mind Challenge 168
LENGTH, MASS,
5 AND VOLUME OF LIQUID 171
Recognise Millimetre and Kilometre 171
Measure Lengths of Objects 173
Mind Teaser 173
Relationship between Centimetre
and Millimetre 174
Relationship Between Kilometre
and Metre 175
Estimation of Distance 176
Addition of Length 177
Subtraction of Length 179
Mind Teaser 180
Multiplication of Length 181
Division of Length 182
Addition and Subtraction of Mass 184
Multiplication and Division of Mass 186
Addition and Subtraction
of Volume of Liquid 188
Mind Teaser 189
Multiplication and Division
of Volume of Liquid 190
Saiz sebenar
Solve the Problems 192
Mind Riddle 196
iv
Mind Challenge 19 7
SPACE 199
Recognise Angles 199
Mind Teaser 200
Fun Exploration 200
Parallel Lines and
Perpendicular Lines 201
Perimeter 204
Mind Teaser 205
Area 206
Mind Teaser 208
Volume 209
Mind Teaser 210
Solve the Problems 2 11
Mind Riddle 2 13
Mind Challenge 2 14
7 COORDINATES, RATIO,
AND PROPORTION 215
Recognise and Determine
The Coordinates 2 15
Mind Teaser 2 16
Mark Coordinates of Points 2 17
Mind Teaser 2 17
Ratio 2 18
Mind Teaser 220
Proportion 222
Fun Exploration 225
Solve the Problems 226
Mind Riddle 230
Mind Challenge 231
8 DATA HANDLING 233
Construct Pictographs
and Bar Charts 233
Fun Exploration 235
Interpret Pictographs
and Bar Charts 236
Mind Teaser 237
Solve the Problems 239
Mind Riddle 241
Mind Challenge 242
MIND TWISTER 243
GLOSSARY 247
ANSWERS 249
 PREFACE

The publication of the Standard-Based Curriculum for Primary School (Revised 2017)
textbook has reached the second level with the publication of the Mathematics Year 4
Textbook. The writing of this textbook is based on the National Philosophy of Education,
National Education Policy, and the Malaysia Education Blueprint (PPPM) 2013-2015. It is
hoped that the emphasis on inquiry-discovery and project-based learning supported by
continuous assessment methods, as well as the integration of the six KSSR fundamental
strands would produce a balanced and harmonious human capital in terms of spiritual,
emotional, and physical well-being. In addition, the integration of the social culture
of Malaysian society is also emphasised in its content as well as the Cross Curricular
Elements (CCE), Information and Communication Technology, Entrepreneurship, and
the 21st Century Learning, as we are heading towards world class education which is
on par with international standards.

The Mathematics Year 4 Textbook contains eight topics designed to meet the
requirements of the Dokumen Standard Kurikulum dan Pentaksiran (DSKP) published
by the Curriculum Development Division, Ministry of Education Malaysia. This textbook
emphasises the concepts and skills in the Learning Standards that prioritise pupilsʼ
involvement in learning. The reasoning questions in the learning activities are expected
to generate pupilsʼ ideas and encourage a two-way communication between pupils
and teachers, and also among peers. The Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) questions
on the other hand aims to produce intelligent and thinking pupils who can compete at
the international level. The function of this book is optimised by providing tips, relevant
facts, and a variety of activities which include hands-on, songs, projects, and games.
The content of this book is also supplemented with formative and summative exercises
to enable teachers to identify pupilsʼ level of understanding, in order to implement
subsequent learning to reinforce pupilsʼ knowledge. The review assessments are
provided to assess pupilsʼ mastery of several topics.

Teacherʼs Notes help teachers to carry out teaching and facilitation activities
effectively. Suggestions of websites are provided for pupils to explore the knowledge
learned and to carry out additional exercises. The content of this textbook is presented
to be user-friendly with integration of elements that are of interest to pupils. It is also
designed to foster national integration, patriotism, and culture through the use of
names, characters, and graphic materials.

A description of the use of this textbook on the next page is expected to help users
to understand the writing and the function of the icons used in this book.
Saiz sebenar

v
 1 NUMBERS AND MASCOT
TOPIC OPERATIONS
Presents questions and
Topic based RECOGNISE AND WR
ITE NUMB
1 Pupils’ scores in
Kahoot quiz.
ERS
statements to encourage pupils
on learning area. a
to use the skill of reasoning.
SUBTOPIC
My score is nine

CONTENT STANDARD
thousand and
eight hundred.

The learning standard How do we say

Nithia’s score? AND LEARNING
that should be STANDARD NUMBER
mastered. b
Say Nithiaʼs
score. Say the number in the
TIPS
Skill indicators that should be
thousands group followed

TEACHERʼS NOTES
by the next three
numbers.
mastered in accordance with
Emphasise on the ten
thousands
thousands hundreds
tens ones DSKP. I

0 1 Say Afaniʼs

learning activities and 1 3 7 score.

thirteen thousand seven
hundred and one Saiz sebenar Tuesday 1 1 . 2 . 2020

suggest alternative the activities in the pictures. 1.1.1

readnumbers
how to say correctly.
out and record such ascards. (i), (ii) 1
• Guide pupils
• Emphasise using number
on other activities
numbers randomly
r’
he s
s
• Askout
• Carry group
pupils state andonobtain
to activities information
saying
schoolfor enrichment activities.
activities.
4
ac
Te note s andquizzes
login to create
programme Complete these.
of television
http://creat
• Surfschedule e.kahoot.it/

activities as well as
6 875 × 10 801 × 100
93 000

websites for learning Fun Exploration FUN EXPLORATION MULTIPLY BY 100 AND 1 000

activities and additional

Now I know how to multiply a number by one hundred
It is so easy, this is the way

Activities to enhance skills Write the number and then add two zeroes at the end

practice.
It is so easy that is the way

learned in the form I know that now I can, multiply a number by one hundred
Write the number with two zeroes at the end ... (repeat twice)

of hands-on, projects, Now I know how to multiply a number by thousand

It is so easy, this is the way
Write the number and add three zeroes at the end

3 MIND
FACTS AT
A GLANCE Based on the fact, state
the ratio of:
and fun learning. It is so easy, that is the way

I know that now I can, multiply a number by one thousand

Write the number with three zeroes at the end ... (repeat twice)
SCAN THIS

There are 8 planets in the a the number of the

TEA

FACTS AT A GLANCE
Solar System. The size of Sun to the number
S ER

Earth is 4 times the size of planets. 5 Multiply 4 by 10 395. First, multiply the ones, followed
by tens, hundreds, thousands,
of its Moon. b the size of the Moon 4 × 10 395 = and finally ten thousands.
to the size of Earth.

4 The pictures show the prices of three items bought by Fuad’s brother. Additional information Method 1

Multiplication 1 3 2
is repeated 1 0 3 9 5
Method 2
1 3 2
1 0 3 9 5

Check both answers.

for pupilsʼ knowledge. addition. 1 0 3 9 5
1 0 3 9 5
+ 1 0 3 9 5
× 4
4 1 5 8 0

Which is correct? Why? 4 1 5 8 0

RM1 RM100 RM1 000 4 × 10 395 = 41 580 Saiz sebenar

M D IN • Carry out a group activity to complete and present the Bridge Map in example 4 above.
6 3 8 4
a State the ratio of the price of the bookmark to the price of 1 R’S
1.6.4

MIND TEASER
HE
TE
AC
TE
S • Use the melody of Aku Negaraku for the Fun Exploration activity.
33
TEA

NO
• Remind pupils to regroup correctly.
Form three 5-digit numbers from the cards above.
the shoes.
S ER

Use the largest digit

price of bookmark as the first
price digit. Use a digit
of shoes
which is divisible by two as the last digit.
Then,
IM say and write the numbers.
EN EN

HOTS questions for

IM
EC EC
SP SP

1 Say the numbers.

1 : 100
challenging intellectual skills QR CODE
a 18 927
2 Write
b the
The ratio of the price of the bookmark to
b 61 700
the price
numbers in words.
c
of the shoes is 145 011
: 100.
d 96 075

State the ratio of the price of the bookmark to the price of

and encouraging critical and Access learning
a 47the handphone.
293 b 50 813
price of bookmark
3 Write the numbers in numerals.
c 20 008
price of handphone
d 76 100

creative thinking. activities from the

RM1
a seventy-three thousand eight hundredRM1 and000
sixty-three
:
QR Code.
MIND RIDDLE
b eighty thousand three hundred and nine
The ratio of the price of the bookmark to
c fifteen thousand
the priceand six handphone is
Saiz sebenar of the : .
d twenty-eight thousand and mℓ,
• Emphasise that units such as cm,
r’s fiftyand kg are not required to be written

Mathematical recreational
7.2.1
Saiz sebenar
he s
ac
Te note when stating the ratio.
220
• Use grid paper and graph paper to represent the ratio of 1 : 10, 1 : 100
r’s
• Extend the Mind Teaser activity using other numeral cards. Use the numbers formed
he s and 1 : 1 000. 1.1.1
ac
Te note in Mind Teaser for saying and writing numbers.
. 3 in
SECRET CO
DE e answers rd.

activities in the form of N

D R
DD
RIID DL
n the letter
ions. Fill i e question num
resent th
s that rep r to get the keywo
be
E
MI

swer the quest ing to th an sw er cards

An ord
n box acc

TEST YOURSELF games and projects with the gree

1 1 year
4 month
s + 7 mo
nths =
– 3 hours
5 minutes
=
G
2 hours
50 minute
s
I
100
years
minutes

Formative exercises to a number of skills. 2 5 ho urs

3 4 × 25
55
years =
ars ÷ 6 = 46 month
s=
K
18 years
M
8 weeks
6 days

4 108 ye months +

MIND CHALLENGE
ars 8 S
+2 ye = Y
4 months ek 2 days 5 centuri
es

assess pupilsʼ mastery 5 3 years

6 20 we
eks – 9 we
days 5 ho
eks 6 da
urs =
ys – 1 we 4 weeks
2 days
U
16 years
A
1 year
7 8×2
of newly learned skills. Summative exercises to 8 235 ye
9 13 hours
ars + 281
40 minu
ye ars =
tes ÷ 4 =
ys – 3 we
eks 1 da
y=
3 hou
25 minute
L
rs
s 11 mo
N
nths

17 days

evaluate and reinforce 10 100 da

KEYWORD
ys – 48 da

7
2
9 years
10 month
s 16 hou
3
rs

pupilsʼunderstanding of all the

1 4
10 1
1 3
8 8
10
1
5
1

skills learned in each topic.

6

MIND TWISTER NGE

ALLE 3 at night
A Choose the correct answer. MIND CH our syste
m.
the morni
ng d 11:3
the 24-h c 3:55 in
1 49 352 in words is 7 53 + = 83
2 1
the time in 20 p.m.
1 Write . b 10: 22 55 hours
A four hundred ninety thousand 8:4 5 a.m em . d
1 2 1 2 a our syst urs
three hundred and fifty-two. A 1 3 B 23 C 33 D 33 the 12-h c 1612 ho 2018.
the time in

MIND TWISTER
B forty-nine thousand three 2 State b 1110 ho
urs angkawi
3
hours e Tour de L
hundred and fifty-two. 8 6 4 of 96 is a 0615 irst sta ge of the L at 1359 hours.
C four thousand nine hundred the f ish ed
A 72 B 576 C 634 D 648 a G ua rdini won 0 hours and fin lts/
3 Andre rted cycling at 103 cycled.
thirty and five two. resu
stage-1/
wi-2018/
ime taken
Review exercises
D four nine three five two. 9 90.874 + 56 + 102.34 = He sta ion he aces/le-tour-de-langka
the durat ate the t
Calculate ww.cyclingnews.co
m/r
A 101.164 B 157.108 our. Estim
2 Which of the following digit 8 ://w km per h
C 249.214 D 2 492.14 Source: http cle at 60 ay.
has the value of 8 000? ABC
motorcy first
G LOSSARY de s a km aw that finishes - 4.5

to enhance
r ri oup
A 98 034 B 75 380 4 Fathe e 30 r. Th e gr 4.1
10 360.8 – 217.645 – = 9.23 workplac y in grou
ps of fou
nhance
C 32 819 D 80 745 reach his y out the Mind Riddle activit
to ar activity to e
Saiz seben
A 142.232 B 133.925 acute angle Angle with less than 90°. in the Mi
nd Riddle
• Carr eyword
C 213.114 D 2 467.355 angle Space between two meeting of straight lines.
r’
s
wins. ns a nd the k
3 Choose the correct pair. he s
e questio

pupilsʼunderstanding.
ac te
Te no
• Modify th erstanding.
Even Odd area The measurement of two dimensional surface that it covers. 168 pupils’ und
11 What is the percentage of 16 red
A 71 90 balloons out of 40 balloons? area of the base Area of the bottom of a three dimensional space.
B 125 136 A 8% B 16% C 20% D 40% ascending order Numbers arranged from the smallest to the largest number. E.g. 1, 2, 3, 4, ...
C 388 462 axis Horizontal or vertical line on the graph and are placed at right angles to
D 3 644 7 033 12 Find the difference between the each other.
sum of RM26 758 and RM31 075 bar chart A frequency diagram using rectangles of equal width to represent
4 Round off 72 963 to the with RM19 846. information or data.
nearest thousand. A RM77 679 B RM57 833 base The bottom surface of an object.
A 72 000 B 72 900 C RM37 987 D RM15 529 budget An estimation of income/revenue or expenditure for a set period of time.

GLOSSARY
C 72 960 D 73 000 Budget is known as budgetary.
13 What is the currency of the cash Direct payment whether in ringgit or in sen when buying things or
5 86 040 ÷ 12 × 4 = Great Britain? using services.
A 1 793 B 2 868 A Dollar B Riyal column Vertical array of numbers or series of cells in a chart or table.
C 28 680 D 1 792 C Yen D Pound Sterling compare Stating the similarities or differences between two or several values,

2 3 1 14 Which payment instrument is

List of mathematical terms quantities, and objects.

Saiz sebenar
6 3 5 + 1 4 – 2 10 = coordinate The ordered pairs of numbers which determine a position of points in the
used to pay toll fares? x-axis and y-axis.
4 1 1 1

and their meanings.

A 25 B 25 C 34 D 3 20 A Debit card B Cheque cube Three dimensional shapes with six square surfaces.
C Prepaid card Saizorder
D Postal sebenar cubic centimetre Measurement unit for volume.
cuboid Three dimensional shapes with six rectangular surfaces.
135
currency Measurement unit for money. Different countries have different currencies.
decimal A number which represents a fraction with denominator 10, 100 or 1 000.
decompose/partition The process of separating numbers according to the place value or
digit value.
descending order Numbers arranged from the largest to the smallest number.
E.g. 20, 19, 18, ...

vi difference
digit
distance
Differences in quantity or value between two groups of objects or values.
Numbers from 0 to 9 that can form another number.
Length between objects.
duration The length of time that an event lasts.
equilateral triangle A triangle in which all three sides have the same length.
estimation An approximation of a quantity.
even numbers Any integer that can be divided exactly by two.
financial goal Goal to be achieved in terms of finance.
formula A method or calculation procedures used to get an answer.
horizontal axis Horizontal number line in graph.
 1 NUMBERS AND
OPERATIONS
RECOGNISE AND WRITE NUMBERS
1 Pupils’ scores in Kahoot quiz.
a

My score is nine
thousand and
eight hundred.

How do we say
Nithia’s score?

Say Nithiaʼs
b
score. TIPS
Say the number in the
thousands group followed
by the next three
numbers.

ten
thousands thousands hundreds tens ones

1 3 7 0 1 Say Afaniʼs
score.
thirteen thousand seven hundred and one
Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Guide pupils
• Emphasise readnumbers
how to say out and record the activities in the pictures.
correctly.
he 1.1.1
ac e s • Askout
• Carry pupils
groupto activities
state andonobtain
sayinginformation on other activities
numbers randomly such ascards.
using number
Te n o t
(i), (ii) 1
• Surfschedule of television programmes
http://create.kahoot.it/login andquizzes
to create schoolforactivities.
enrichment activities.
 c
Two thousand and four. Who says
Ban Leongʼs score
Cassie Kavi correctly? Why?
Twenty thousand
and four.

20 004 20 004

2
I write twenty nine
thousand six hundred
and eight in numerals.

Forty thousand
and three
hundred.

I write the number in

numerals and words.

Saiz sebenar
• Use flash cards for writing numbers in numerals and words activity.
r’s 1.1.1
he
ac e s
Te n o t • Carry out activities on saying numbers using counters and Dienes blocks,
2 and also matching number cards to word cards.
(i), (ii),
(iii)
3

Check both answers.

Which is correct? Why?

MIND
6 3 8 4 1
TEA

Form three 5-digit numbers from the cards above.

S ER

Use the largest digit as the first digit. Use a digit

which is divisible by two as the last digit.
Then, say and write the numbers.

1 Say the numbers.

a 18 927 b 61 700 c 45 011 d 96 075
2 Write the numbers in words.
a 47 293 b 50 813 c 20 008 d 76 100
3 Write the numbers in numerals.
a seventy-three thousand eight hundred and sixty-three
b eighty thousand three hundred and nine
c fifteen thousand and six
d twenty-eight thousand and fifty
Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Extend the Mind Teaser activity using other numeral cards. Use the numbers formed
he 1.1.1
ac e s in Mind Teaser for saying and writing numbers.
Te n o t
3
 EXPLORE NUMBERS
1
“
The Football Association of Malaysia
(FAM) confirmed today that 62 307
match tickets have been sold.”
Source: https://www.bharian.com.my/sukan/
bola/2018/11/501505/aksi-malaysia-myanmar-
pecah-rekod-kehadiran-penonton

a What is the place value and digit value of 6 in 62 307?

Place Digit 6 2 3 0 7
value is the
position of Place ten tens ones
a digit in a value thousands thousands
number. Digit 60 000 300 0 7
Digit 6 is at value
ten
thousands. Digit value is the value of a digit based on its
place value. Digit 6 has a value of 60 000.

The place value of 3 is .

The digit value of 2 is .

b Partition 62 307 based on place value and digit value.

62 307 = 6 ten thousands + 2 thousands + 3 hundreds + 0 tens + 7 ones
I partitioned based
on place value. 62 307 = 60 000 + 2 000 + 300 + 0 + 7
62 3
= 60 000 +
2 000
or
62 307 = 60 000 + 2 000 + 300 + 7

I partitioned based
TIPS on digit value.
0 can be left out when
partitioning numbers
based on digit values.
Saiz sebenar
• Carry out group activities where pupils seek information on numbers from
r’s
he
ac e s magazines, newspapers, or articles. Carry out activities to write place 1.1.2
Te n o t
4 values, digit values, and partitioning numbers. (i), (ii)
 2 What are the unknown values?
The partitioned value
80 000 + 30 + 9 + = 80 439 can be written like this.
8 ten thousands + + 9 ones + 4 hundreds + 0 thousands = 80 439

4 + 70 + 100 + 65 000 = 65 174

Is 65 174 partitioned
correctly? Discuss.

MIND
Halim has a secret code of five digits. Digit 3 is at the
TEA

thousands place value. 8 has a digit value of 80 000.

S ER

Digit 9 is between two zeros. What is his secret code?

1 Write the place value and the digit value for the underlined digits.
a 20 147 b 69 073 c 52 148 d 78 350 e 96 106

2 Complete these.
a The place value of 9 in 92 615 is .
b The digit value of 8 in 14 087 is .
c In 45 009, the digit at the thousands place is and has
a value of .
3 Complete these.
a 11 568 = 10 000 + 1 000 + + 60 +
b 72 904 = 7 ten thousands + 2 thousands + + +
c = 600 + +9+ + 40 000
Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Remind pupils that it is easier to state the partitioned value of a number by 1.1.2
he
ac e s arranging the digit values from the largest to the smallest.
Te n o t
(i), (ii) 5
 Jalan Raya

Jalan Keretapi

PULAU LABUAN
WILAYAH
PERSEKUTUAN
Pendal

BRUNEI BAH
DARUSSALAM PENDA

COMPARE AND ARRANGE NUMBERS

Limbang BRUNEI
DARUSSALAM

Miri
BAHAGIAN
LIMBANG

SOUTH CHINA SEA

1 The Iban population in four districts

BAHAGIAN MIRI

of Sarawak in 2010 is as follows: Bintulu

BAHAGIAN BINTULU

BAHAGIAN SIBU S A R A W A K
Sibu

Lawas Lubok Antu Bintulu Sibu Sarikei

BAHAGIAN
SARIKEI Kapit
BAHAGIAN KAPIT

1 105 24 712 75 141 69 711

BAHAGIAN Kuching
KUCHING Kota Samarahan BAHAGIAN
BAHAGIAN SRI AMAN
SAMARAHAN Sri Aman

Source: http://www.malaysiaeconomy.net/download/18072016_2.pdf

a Which district has a greater Iban population, Bintulu or Sibu?

ten thousands thousands hundreds tens ones
7 5 1 4 1
6 9 7 1 1

7 has a larger digit value than 6 75 141 is more

and its value is 70 000. than 69 711.

The Iban population is greater in Bintulu.

b Arrange the four Iban population in ascending order.

ten thousands thousands hundreds tens ones
1 1 0 5
2 4 7 1 2
7 5 1 4 1
6 9 7 1 1
Compare the number of digits. Now, compare the digits at
There is one 4-digit number. ten thousands. 2, 7 and 6.
1 105 is the smallest value.

The digit value of 2 of 20 000 is lesser than the digit value of 6 of 60 000.
The digit value of 6 of 60 000 is lesser than the digit value of 7 of 70 000.

Ascending order 1 105, 24 712, 69 711, 75 141

Saiz sebenar • Emphasise that number values become larger in ascending order and become
smaller in descending order.
r’s • Carry out group activities to find suitable data from the web. For example,
he
ac e s
1.1.2
Te n o t
6 number of tourists. Continue with activities to arrange number cards in (iii), (iv)
ascending and descending orders in the fastest time.
 BAHAGIAN
KUDAT LAUT SULU

BAHAGIAN
PANTAI BARAT
Kota Kinabalu
Sandakan

BAHAGIAN
SANDAKAN

laman
S A B A H

HAGIAN
ALAMAN BAHAGIAN

2 The table shows the number of

TAWAU

Tawau

children interested in traditional

LAUT SULAW E S I

games in a district.

Galah Lompat Lompat Batu

Game
Panjang Tikus Getah Seremban
Number of
15 367 13 719 15 202 14 419
children
a Which game is less favoured, Lompat Tikus
or Batu Seremban?
ten thousands thousands hundreds tens ones Compare
the
1 3 7 1 9 thousands
1 4 4 1 9 digits
because
The digit value of 3 of 3 000 is lesser than the ten
thousands
the digit value of 4 of 4 000. digits are
13 719 14 419 the same.

The game which is less favoured is Lompat Tikus.

b Arrange the numbers in descending order.

13 719 14 419 15 202 15 367

13 700 14 000 15 000

Write the largest to the smallest values based on the number line.

Descending order 15 367, 15 202, 14 419, 13 719

What is the middle number if 14 089 is

included in the number arrangement?
Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Use various representations such as Dienes blocks to compare number values.
he 1.1.2
ac e s
Te n o t
(iii), (iv) 7
 3 The four number cards below are arranged in ascending order.

40 298 52 173 K 59 000

Who shows the correct values of K?
Iʼm Iʼm Iʼm
Ray. Kim. Rina.

52 171 54 001 58 145

52 171 54 001 58 145

The values of
K are larger
than 52 173 50 000 55 000 60 000
and smaller 52 173 59 000
than 59 000.
54 001 and 58 145 are larger than 52 173.
54 001 and 58 145 are smaller than 59 000.
Kim and Rina show the correct values of K.

State other possible values of K.

1 Write the smaller numbers.

a 6 387 or 53 127 b 42 093 or 45 909 c 89 127 or 89 413
2 Compare each set of numbers using ”more than” or ” less than”.
a 24 691, 31 002 b 77 115, 74 810 c 93 017, 93 054
3 Arrange the numbers in ascending and descending orders.
a 18 031, 18 310, 18 013, 18 103 b 65 501, 65 096, 65 609, 65 820, 65 090
4 Complete these with any possible values.
a 59 042, 59 109,
Saiz sebenar , 59 114 b 70 061, , 70 068, 70 120
• Use number cards for simulation activities of comparing and arranging numbers.
r’s 1.1.2
he
ac e s
Te n o t
8 (iii), (iv),
(v)
 EVEN NUMBERS AND ODD NUMBERS
1

Dad, why arenʼt the

numbers arranged in ones?

The numbers are

arranged in odd and
even numbers.

All even
numbers are
in the 2
times table.

1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, ... odd numbers

2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, ... even numbers

2 Which is even and which is odd, 13 or 18?

Divide 13 by 2. There is a Then, divide 18 by 2. There is
remainder which means 13 no remainder which means
is an odd number. 18 is an even number.

6 9
2 1 3 2 1 8
– 1 2 – 1 8
1 remainder 0 no remainder

TIPS
Odd numbers end with Prove that 32 is an
1, 3, 5, 7 and 9. even number and 85
Even numbers end with is an odd number.
0, 2, 4, 6 and 8.

Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Discuss even and odd numbers based on a set of numbers and any times table. 1.2.1
he
ac e s • Relate even and odd numbers to daily life situations such as birth dates,
Te n o t
9
the last four numbers in MyKid, and house numbers at pupilsʼ places of residence.
 CLASSIFY EVEN OR
3 ODD NUMBERS

I paste even
numbers.
I paste odd
numbers.

How many odd numbers are there from 6 020 to 6 030?

FUN EXPLORATION
Tools/ Number grids and
Materials coloured pencils.

Task

1 Colour even numbers

or odd numbers.
2 Compile all works in
a scrapbook.

1 State all odd numbers from 520 to 531.

2 List all even numbers from 2 001 to 2 012.
3 Classify the following into even and odd numbers.
50 204 16 783 76 000 84 316 64 271 90 909
Saiz sebenar
• Carry out a game of throwing numbered rings onto skittle cones labelled with
r’s 1.2.2
he
ac e s
Te n o t odd or even numbers.
10 • Surf https://www.belajaroffice.com/menentukan-bilangan-ganjil-genap-rumus-
excel/
 NUMBER PATTERNS
The number pattern
1 +6 +6 +6 increases by sixes.

28 010 28 016 28 022 28 028

2 This number pattern

decreases by sevens.

a
10 017 10 010 10 003 9 996 9 989

b
9 989 9 996 10 003 10 010 10 017
–7 –7 –7 –7

What is the number pattern above?

20 730 30 730 40 730 50 730 60 730
Look at the ten thousands digits.
The values increase by 10 000. SCAN THIS

The number pattern above increases

by ten thousands.
Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Carry out a competition to identify number patterns of several sets of number
he 1.5.1
ac e s cards in ascending and descending orders.
Te n o t
11
• Encourage pupils to explore various number patterns using calculators.
 4 The number pattern below is incomplete.
88 275 The thousands digits are not the same.
87 275 The values decrease by 1 000.

85 275
88 275 – 87 275
= 1 000

a 87 275 less by 1 000 is 86 275.

b 85 275 less by 1 000 is .

5 The number pattern is increasing by hundreds.

15 507 15 607 15 707

What is the sixth number in this number pattern?

6 60 120 60 140 Arrange these six

60 100 60 110 numbers in descending
60 150 order. State the number
60 130
pattern.

1 Determine the number patterns.

a
19 540 19 545 19 550 19 555 19 560

b 26 709 26 705 26 701 26 697 26 693

c 74 027 74 025 74 023 74 021 74 019

2 Identify the number pattern that increases by eights.
81 012, 81 020, 81 028, 81 036 49 383, 49 390, 49 397, 49 404
3 Complete the number line. State its pattern.

87 527 87 545 87 554

Saiz sebenar
• Carry out activities using calculation tools such as calculators and
r’s
he 1.5.1,
ac e s MS Excel software to create and complete number patterns.
Te n o t
12 1.5.2
 ESTIMATION Try to guess the
number of water
1 balls in jar B.

The number of water balls

in jar B must be less than
20 000. About
10 000 balls.

0 00
20
Nearly
10 000 balls.

These three pupils

estimated the
number of water
balls above. Hazel Vinod Anis
Whose estimation 5 500 10 005 15 725
is the most
accurate? Why?

Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Emphasise that estimation of quantities is very important in daily life such as
he 1.3.1
ac e s estimating the amount of ingredients before cooking and estimating expenses
Te n o t
13
before spending.
 S
2 T
R

4 000 ℓ ? ?

The volume of water in pool R and pool T is less than the volume of
water in pool S. The height of pool S is almost four times the height
of pool R. The height of pool T is about double the height of pool R.

Estimate the volume of water in pool S and pool T.

S

T
R

4 000 ℓ 4 × 4 000 ℓ = 16 000 ℓ × 4 000 ℓ = ℓ

The volume of water in pool S is almost 16 000 ℓ.

The volume of water in pool T is about ℓ.

1 Estimate:
a the number of beads in containers b the volume of water
A and B. in bottle C.

A B C

17 000 beads 10 000 mℓ

Saiz sebenar
• Carry out simulation activities to estimate quantities in daily life situations such as
r’s 1.3.1
he
ac e s
Te n o t guessing the number of beans in containers based on a reference set.
14
 NCE
ROUND OFF NUMBERS S AT A GLA
FACT
1 ” ... overall participation of The 2018 National Day
celebration with the theme
12 295 Malaysian citizens from ”SAYANGI MALAYSIAKU ”
various government and private stressed the importance of unity
agencies, school children ...” and the spirit of patriotism.
Source: http://malaysiamerdeka.my/web/wp-
content/uploads/2018/08/SIARAN-MEDIA-ACARA-
HARI-KEBANGSAAN-2018.pdf

Round off 12 295 to the nearest thousand.

12 295

12 000 13 000
12 295 is between 12 000 and 13 000.
12 295 is nearer to 12 000.
12 295 becomes 12 000 when rounded off to the nearest thousand.

2 Round off 38 704 to the nearest ten thousand.

Method 1 38 704

30 000 40 000

38 704 is nearer to

Method 2 +1
40 000
38 704 If the thousands digit is 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9,
add 1 to the ten thousands value.
nearest Replace digits 8, 7, 0 and 4 with
ten 0 respectively.
thousand

38 704 becomes when rounded off to the nearest ten thousand.

Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Discuss the importance of rounding off numbers in preparation and financial
he 1.4.1
ac e s management of any events to avoid wastage.
Te n o t
15
• Relate rounding off to estimation.
 3 Round off 19 500 mℓ to the nearest thousand mℓ.
19 500 mℓ

19 000 mℓ 20 000 mℓ

19 500 mℓ becomes 20 000 mℓ when rounded off

to the nearest thousand mℓ.

The middle value is rounded off to the larger ten, hundred,

thousand, and ten thousand.

4 Round off RM63 988 to the nearest ten thousand ringgit.

RM63 988

RM60 000 RM65 000 RM70 000

RM63 988 is nearer to RM60 000.

RM63 988 rounded off to the nearest ten thousand ringgit
is RM60 000.

Round off RM85 090 to the

nearest thousand ringgit.

MIND 2 999
TEA

The number above becomes 30 000 when rounded off

S ER

to the nearest ten thousand, thousand, hundred, and ten.

What are the thousands digits of the number?

Saiz sebenar
• Give examples of applying rounding off numbers in daily life such as paying
r’s 1.4.1
he
ac e s
Te n o t household necessities, water, electricity, and telephone bills.
16
 5 The number of readers of four storybooks are as follows:
Which storybooks have 50 000 readers when
rounded off to the nearest ten thousand?

54 200 44 900 58 600 48 720

       
44 900 48 720 54 200 58 600

40 000 45 000 50 000 55 000 60 000

Numbers from 45 000 to 54 999 become 50 000

when rounded off to the nearest ten thousand.

The number of readers of Kukundayo dengan Monyet

and Aku Tiung Mas become 50 000 when rounded off
to the nearest ten thousand.
Besides 44 900, say other numbers which become 40 000
when rounded off to the nearest ten thousand.

1 Choose the correct answers.

a (68 790, 68 565, 68 489) rounded off to the nearest thousand
become 69 000.
b (72 103, 76 092, 85 520) rounded off to the nearest ten thousand
becomes 80 000.
2 Round off RM83 609 to the nearest ten thousand ringgit.
3 Round off the following numbers to the nearest hundred, nearest
thousand, and nearest ten thousand.
a 14 278 b 46 195 c 62 045 d 79 638 e 95 307
4 State three numbers which become 50 000 when rounded off to the
nearest ten thousand. Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Carry out a quiz on rounding off numbers to enhance pupilsʼ understanding
he 1.4.1
ac e s of the skills learned.
Te n o t
17
 ADDITION
1 Rashid, please help me find the total number
of skateboards and hoverboards sold.
Number sold
Item in a year
Yes, madam.
7 237
Hoverboard

653
Mini car

9 084
SKATEBOARD Scooter
SKATEBOARD
18 045
Skateboard

a What is the total number of skateboards and hoverboards sold?

18 045 + 7 237 =

ten
thousands hundreds tens ones
thousands
Add according to place
1 1 value. Start from ones.
1 8 0 4 5
+ 7 2 3 7
5 ones + 7 ones = 12 ones
2 5 2 8 2 12 ones = 1 tens + 2 ones

8 thousands + 7 thousands = 15 thousands

15 thousands = 1 ten thousands + 5 thousands

18 045 + 7 237 = 25 282

The total number of skateboards and hoverboards sold is 25 282.

MIND
Give two 4-digit numbers with a 5-digit sum total.
TEA
S ER

+ =
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Surf https://www.ixl.com/math/grade-5/add-and-subtract-whole-numbers-up-
HE
AC E S to-billions 1.6.1
TE
18 NO
T
• Relate addition to daily life situations such as number of orders and number of
participation in activities.
 b Find the total number of mini cars, scooters,
and skateboards.

653 + 9 084 + 18 045 =

Method 1 Method 2
1 1 1 1 1 1
6 5 3 9 7 3 7 1 8 0 4 5
+ 9 0 8 4 + 1 8 0 4 5 9 0 8 4
9 7 3 7 2 7 7 8 2 + 6 5 3
2 7 7 8 2

653 + 9 084 + 18 045 = 27 782

The total number of mini cars, scooters, and
skateboards is 27 782.

2 Add 17 806, 4 029, 59 164 and 3 860.

17 806 + 4 029 + 59 164 + 3 860 =

2 1 1 1 Start by adding digits

1 7 8 0 6 that make 10 and digits
4 0 2 9 that are the same.
5 9 1 6 4
+ 3 8 6 0
8 4 8 5 9

17 806 + 4 029 + 59 164 + 3 860 = 84 859

MIND
Given P + Q = 21 490 and R + T = 67 578.
TEA

Calculate P + Q + R + T.
S ER

Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Provide more addition exercises involving combinations of ten and same digits.
HE
AC E S
1.6.1
TE T
NO 19
 3 The table shows students’ enrolment in universities for the year 2017.
University Male student Female student
UM 10 569 17 391
UKM 1 1 374 19 500
USM 11 080 18 093
UPSI 7 020 16 679
Source: https://www.moe.gov.my/muat-turun/laporan-dan-statistik/pendidikan-tinggi/
buku-perangkaan/2017-5/2393-statistik-pendidikan-tinggi-2017-bab-2-pdf/file

Add up the enrolment of male students in the table above.

10 569 + 11 374 + 11 080 + 7 020 =
Estimate the
answer by
1
1 0 5 6 9 ’ 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 rounding off
the numbers
1 1 3 7 4 ’ 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 to the nearest
1 1 0 8 0 ’ 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 thousand.
7 0 2 0 ’ 7 0 0 0 + 7 0 0 0
4 0 0 0 0

Calculate the
actual total. 1 1 1 1 1
1 0 5 6 9 2 1 9 4 3 3 3 0 2 3
+ 1 1 3 7 4 + 1 1 0 8 0 + 7 0 2 0
2 1 9 4 3 3 3 0 2 3 4 0 0 4 3

40 043 is nearer to 40 000. The answer is reasonable.

10 569 + 11 374 + 11 080 + 7 020 = 40 043
The total enrolment of male students is 40 043.

Now, total up the enrolment of female students.

Saiz sebenar • Stress on the importance of estimations in daily life.

R’S
• Ask pupils to round off answers to the nearest hundred and ten. Emphasise
AC
HE
S that rounding off numbers to the nearest ten will provide a better estimation to 1.6.1
TE O TE
20 N
the actual answer. This is because the smaller the rounding off value, the more
accurate the answer will be.
 4
Terengganu Sarawak
Perlis
13 035 km2 124 450 km2
km2

Perak Pahang
21 035 km2 36 137 km2 Sabah
73 631 km2

Melaka
NCE
1 664 km2 S AT A GLA
FACT
Source: https://www.rurallink.gov.my/wp-content/uploads/ “Sabah is known as the
2015/05/64.pdf Land Below the Wind”.
It is the second largest
The total area of Sabah, Melaka, and Perlis
state after Sarawak.
is 76 116 km2. Calculate the area of Perlis.
73 631 + 1 664 + = 76 1 16
Step 1 Relate addition
1 with subtraction
7 3 6 3 1 to solve.
+ 1 6 6 4 5 + 1 + 2 = 8
6 + 2 = 8
7 5 2 9 5
2 = 8 – 6

Step 2
10
5 0 11
7 6 1 1 6
– 7 5 2 9 5
8 2 1

73 631 + 1 664 + 821 = 76 116

The area of Perlis is 821 km2.

Name the 3 states with a total area of 50 836 km2.

Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Use smaller values as an analogy to facilitate pupils’ understanding.
HE
AC E S • Use the source quoted above to vary questions of different levels on addition 1.6.1
TE T
NO 21
of up to four numbers, based on the data of the area of other states in Malaysia.
• Surf https://www.ixl.com/math/grade-4/addition-fill-in-the-missing-digits
 UNKNOWN IN ADDITION

1 18 + n = 30 2 m + 45 = 82
What is the value of n ? Use numbers with What is the value of m ?
small value to
solve an unknown.
3 + 1 = 4 3 + 1 = 4
1 = 4 – 3 3 = 4 – 1

2 10 7 12
18 + n = 30 3 0 m + 45 = 82 8 2
n = 30 – 18 – 1 8 m = 82 – 45 – 4 5
n = 12 1 2 m = 37 3 7

18 + 12 = 30 37 + 45 = 82
The value of n is 12. The value of m is 37.

MIND
p + q = 97
TEA

p is an even number and q is an odd number.

S ER

What are the possible values of p and q ?

1 Add.
a 50 326 + 1 240 = b 18 607 + 596 =
c 23 510 + 17 008 + 491 = d 37 159 + 4 025 + 891 + 67 =
2 a Total up 51 902, 3 497 and 12 854.
b Add 632, 1 740, 895 and 64 932.
3 The table shows the population of District R S T
districts R, S and T. Calculate the
Population 14 029 25 340 19 880
total population of all three districts.
4 Complete the number sentences.
a 23 098 + = 50 000 b 32 907 + + 5 401 = 64 020
5 Find the values of p.
a 20 + p = 28 b p + 36 = 98 c 19 + p = 40 d p + 54 = 75
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Carry out simulation activities using concrete objects to determine the unknown
HE
AC E S values. 1.6.1
TE
22 NO
T
1.8.1
• Surf https://www.ixl.com/math/grade-4/addition-fill-in-the-missing-digits
 SUBTRACTION
1
Number of UPSR candidates in Kedah for the year 2018
Sekolah Sekolah Jenis Sekolah Jenis
Type of Private
Kebangsaan Kebangsaan Kebangsaan
school Cina (SJKC) Tamil (SJKT) School
(SK)
Number of
26 467 3 429 1 295 1 117
candidates

a Calculate the difference between the number of candidates

in SK and SJKT.
26 467 – 1 295 =
Subtract according to place value. Start from ones.
ten
thousands thousands hundreds tens ones 4 hundreds – 1 hundreds
= 3 hundreds
3 16
2 6 4 6 7 1 hundreds + 6 tens
– 1 2 9 5 = 10 tens + 6 tens
2 5 1 7 2 = 16 tens
26 467 – 1 295 = 25 172
The difference between the number of candidates in SK and SJKT
is 25 172.

b How much less is the number of candidates in private school

compared to SK ?
26 467 – 1 117 =
Calculation 1 Calculation 2 How many more
3 16 2 6 4 6 7 candidates are there
2 6 4 6 7 – 1 1 1 7 in SK compared
– 1 1 1 7 to SJKC?
2 5 3 5 0
1 5 2 9 7

Which calculation
is correct? Why?
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Emphasise that digits must be arranged according to its correct place value before
HE
AC E S performing subtraction. 1.6.2
TE T
NO
• Relate to daily life situations such as finding the difference in the number of male and 23
female ferry passengers and how much less are the passengers during non-holiday
seasons compared to holiday seasons.
 2 Subtract 3 020 from 79 400.
Check your answer
79 400 − 3 020 = using addition.
3 10
7 9 4 0 0
– 3 0 2 0
7 6 3 8 0

79 400 − 3 020 = 76 380

MIND
19 thousands − 5 tens =
TEA

What is the value of ?

S ER

3 Deduct RM8 238 from RM65 916.

RM65 916 − RM8 238 =
Step 1 Step 2
Estimate the answer. Calculate the
actual answer.
Round off to the nearest
thousand ringgit. 10
5 15 8 0 16
RM65 916 RM66 000 RM 6 5 9 1 6
RM8 238 RM8 000 – RM 8 2 3 8
5 16 RM 5 7 6 7 8
RM 6 6 0 0 0
– RM 8 0 0 0
RM 5 8 0 0 0

RM57 678 is nearer to RM58 000.

The answer is reasonable.
RM65 916 − RM8 238 = RM57 678
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Guide pupils to carry out subtractions using suitable materials to represent
HE
AC E S ten thousands, thousands, hundreds, tens, and ones. 1.6.2
TE
24 NO
T
• Surf https://www.ixl.com/math/grade-5/add-and-subtract-whole-numbers-up-
to-billions
 4 How many more is 60 000 from 7 085?
60 000 – 7 085 = First, partition the
number. Then, subtract
Method 1 and finally, add.

9 0 0 0 900 90
50 000 10 000 1 000 10 0 10
6 0 0 0 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 60 000
– + 7 0 0 0 + 0 + 8 0 + 5 7 085
5 0 0 0 0 + 2 0 0 0 + 9 0 0 + 1 0 + 5 = 52 915

Method 2

60 000 – 7 085 =
– 1 – 1 When subtracting 1
from both numbers,
59 999 – 7 084 the difference is
the same.
5 9 9 9 9
– 7 0 8 4
5 2 9 1 5

60 000 – 7 085 = 52 915

5 Subtract 739 and 4 027 from 58 669.

58 669 – 739 – 4 027 =
Try this method.
7 16 2 10
5 8 6 6 9 5 7 9 3 0 4 0 2 7 5 8 6 6 9
– 7 3 9 – 4 0 2 7 + 7 3 9 –
5 7 9 3 0 5 3 9 0 3

58 669 – 739 – 4 027 = 53 903

Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Emphasise that in repeated subtraction, subtract the first two numbers before
HE
AC E S subtracting the next. 1.6.2
TE T
NO 1.6.3 25
• Explain the solution used by the mascot.
 6 84 590 – 74 – 23 806 =

Method 1 Method 2
3 15 8 10 8 10
8 4 5 9 0 8 4 5 9 0 8 4 5 1 6
– 2 3 8 0 6 – 7 4 – 2 3 8 0 6
6 0 7 8 4 8 4 5 1 6
– 7 4
Compare the
two methods.
Which is easier?

7 How many need to be subtracted from 90 236 to become 10 132?

90 236 − = 10 132

6 – 1 = 5
9 0 2 3 6
6 − 5 = 1
– 1 0 1 3 2
8 0 1 0 4

90 236 − 80 104 = 10 132

80 104 need to be subtracted from 90 236 to become 10 132.

A number reduced by 1 270 becomes

90 486. What is the number?

MIND
Given R – T = 49 058.
TEA

Calculate R – T – 12 000.
S ER

Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Carry out simulation activities in solving unknowns.
HE
AC E S • Surf https://www.ixl.com/math/grade-4/subtraction-patterns-over-increasing- 1.6.3
TE
26 NO
T
place-values
 UNKNOWN IN SUBTRACTION
1 92 − y = 73 2 k – 56 = 28
Use numbers with
What is the value of y ? small value to What is the value of k ?
solve an unknown.
5 – 1 = 4 5 – 1 = 4
5 – 4 = 1 5 = 4 + 1

8 12 1
92 – y = 73 9 2 k – 56 = 28 2 8
92 – 73 = y – 7 3 k = 28 + 56 + 5 6
y = 19 1 9 k = 84
8 4

92 − 19 = 73 84 – 56 = 28
The value of y is 19. The value of k is 84.

1 Find the difference.
a 67 592 − 45 102 = b 93 000 – 16 000 =
c 63 800 − 1 400 = d 80 000 – 6 327 =
e 28 058 – 3 965 – 708 = f 72 906 − 67 – 4 759 =
2 The table shows the number of visitors at two recreational parks.
Recreational park J K
Number of visitors 29 305 40 890
How many more visitors are there at recreational park K compared
to recreational park J?
3 Complete the number sentences.
a 31 970 − = 28 654 b – 18 435 = 67 913
4 a How many need to be subtracted from 18 406 to become 6 249?
b Subtract 583 and 2 046 from 97 510.
5 Find the values of k.
a 79 − k = 36 b k − 22 = 73 c 80 – k = 65 d k − 68 = 19
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Explain “simplifying the problem” strategy by using small values to find unknowns.
HE
AC E S • Use number lines to enhance pupils’ understanding of finding unknowns. 1.6.2
TE T
NO 1.6.3 27
1.8.2
 ADDITION AND SUBTRACTION
1 24 336 packs of
tissue are ready.
4 120 packs of tissue
need to be sent to
Waja Supermarket.

Another 1 560 packs

have just been prepared.

How many packs of tissue are left?

24 336 + 1 560 − 4 120 =

Method 1
First, add.
2 4 3 3 6 2 5 8 9 6 Then, subtract.
+ 1 5 6 0 – 4 1 2 0
2 5 8 9 6 2 1 7 7 6

Method 2

2 4 3 3 6
– 4 1 2 0 + 1 5 6 0 Did you get
the same
answer?
Discuss.

24 336 + 1 560 – 4 120 = 21 776

There are 21 776 packs of tissue left.
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Provide several daily life examples on mixed operations of addition and
HE
AC E S subtraction for pupils to solve. 1.7.1
TE
28 NO
T
Example: number of train passengers embarked and disembarked.
 2 43 098 – 1 270 + 635 =

Calculation 1 Calculation 2
2 10 1 1 1 2 10
4 3 0 9 8 4 1 8 2 8 1 2 7 0 4 3 0 9 8
– 1 2 7 0 + 6 3 5 + 6 3 5 – 1 9 0 5
4 1 8 2 8 4 2 4 6 3 1 9 0 5 4 1 1 9 3

Examine both calculations. Which

calculation is correct? Discuss.

3 + 7 861 – 930 = 51 547

Use numbers 5 + 4 – 3 = 6
with small value 5 + 1 = 6
to solve an 5 = 6 – 1
unknown. SCAN THIS

+ 7 861 – 930 = 51 547

10
6 18 4 0 15
7 8 6 1 5 1 5 4 7
– 9 3 0 – 6 9 3 1
6 9 3 1 4 4 6 1 6

44 616 + 7 861 – 930 = 51 547

1 Solve these.
a 85 796 + 2 031 – 413 = b 90 478 – 12 625 + 587 =
c 26 143 + 681 – 3 795 = d 60 217 – 45 709 + 1 260 =

2 Complete the number sentences.

a + 492 – 175 = 615 b – 11 325 + 891 = 19 733
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Provide many simulation activities on mixed operations to reinforce
HE
AC E S pupils’ understanding. 1.7.1
TE T
NO 29
 MULTIPLICATION
1 I put 10 pieces
We received
orders for of kuih ros in
12 packets each packet.
of kuih ros.

How many kuih ros are there in 12 packets?

12 × 10 =

Method 1

12 × 10
12 × 1 tens = 12 tens

12 tens = 10 tens + 2 tens

= 100 + 20
100 is = 120
10 tens.
100 + 20 = 120

Method 2
12 × 1 = 12
12 × 10 = 120 SCAN THIS

12 × 10 = 120
There are 120 pieces of kuih ros in 12 packets.
How many pieces of kuih ros
are there in 25 similar packets?
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Encourage pupils to use quick mental calculation to multiply any number with 10.
HE
AC E S
1.6.4
TE
30 NO
T
 2 Every basket has
34 melons.

34 melons
How many melons are there in 20 similar baskets?
20 × 34 =

Method 1

Multiply the Multiply the Add up the

ones digit value tens digit value two products
3 4 3 4 3 4
× 2 0 × 2 0 × 2 0
0 0 34 × 0 0 0 0 0
6 8 0 34 × 20 +680
Method 2 6 8 0

34 = 30 + 4
20 = 10 × 2

× 10 ×2

340 × 2 = 680
34 × 10 = 340
20 × 34 = 680
There are 680 melons altogether in 20 similar baskets. Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Encourage pupils to write multiplication number sentences based on picture cards
HE
AC E S such as biscuit jars and egg trays. 1.6.4
TE T
NO 31
• When any number is multiplied by the multiples of 10 which is less than 100,
multiply the number with the tens digit of the multiple and put 0 at ones.
 3
420 boxes There are 65 printing
of 100 books machines. Each can
are produced print 1 000 books
in a day. per day.

a What is the total number of books produced in a day?

420 × 100 =
4 2 0
× 1 0 0
4 2 0 0 0

420 × 100 = 42 000

42 000 books are produced in a day.
Complete these.
a. 145 × 100 =
b. 708 × 100 =

b Calculate the number of books printed in a day.

65 × 1 000 =
Observe
Method 1 Method 2 the pattern
to get your
6 5 65 × 10 = 650 answer.
× 1 0 0 0 65 × 100 = 6 500
6 5 0 0 0 65 × 1 000 =

65 × 1 000 = 65 000
The number of books printed in a day is 65 000.

Multiply 100 by 1 000.

What is the answer?
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Carry out quizzes or fast calculations to improve pupils’ reasoning skills in
HE
AC E S multiplying by 10, 100 and 1 000. 1.6.4
TE
32 NO
T
 Tuesday 1 1 . 2 . 2020

4
Complete these.
6 875 × 10 801 × 100
93 000

FUN EXPLORATION Multiply by 100 and 1 000

Now I know how to multiply a number by one hundred
It is so easy, this is the way
Write the number and then add two zeroes at the end
It is so easy that is the way

I know that now I can, multiply a number by one hundred

Write the number with two zeroes at the end ... (repeat twice)

Now I know how to multiply a number by thousand

It is so easy, this is the way
Write the number and add three zeroes at the end
It is so easy, that is the way SCAN THIS

I know that now I can, multiply a number by one thousand

Write the number with three zeroes at the end ... (repeat twice)

5 Multiply 4 by 10 395. First, multiply the ones, followed

by tens, hundreds, thousands,
4 × 10 395 = and finally ten thousands.
Method 1 Method 2
Multiplication 1 3 2 1 3 2
is repeated 1 0 3 9 5 1 0 3 9 5
addition. 1 0 3 9 5 × 4
1 0 3 9 5 4 1 5 8 0
+ 1 0 3 9 5
4 1 5 8 0

4 × 10 395 = 41 580 Saiz sebenar

R’S
• Carry out a group activity to complete and present the Bridge Map in example 4 above.
HE
AC E S • Use the melody of Aku Negaraku for the Fun Exploration activity. 1.6.4
TE T
NO 33
• Remind pupils to regroup correctly.
 6 What is the product of 49 and 76?
49 × 76 =

Method 1 Method 2

2 5 4 9
4 9
Multiply × 7 6
× 7 6 5
the ones 1 4 9×6
2 9 4 49 × 6 2 4 0 40 × 6

1 630 9 × 70
+ 2 8 0 0 40 × 70
3 6
4 9 3 7 2 4
Multiply × 7 6
the tens
2 9 4
3 4 3 0 49 × 70

3 6 Method 3
2 5
4 9 49 × 76 = 76 × 7 × 7
Add the × 7 6
4 2 1
products 1
7 6 5 3 2
2 9 4
+ 3 4 3 0 × 7 × 7
3 7 2 4 5 3 2 3 7 2 4

49 × 76 = 3 724
The product of 49 and 76 is 3 724. 51 × 28 =
5 1
× 2 8
Identify the error 8
in this calculation. 4 0
2 0
+ 1 0 0 0
1 0 6 8
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Provide more exercises in multiplying two-digit numbers with two-digit numbers
HE
AC E S to reinforce pupils’ understanding. 1.6.4
TE
34 NO
T
• Surf https://www.ixl.com/math/grade-5/box-multiplication
 7 138 × 64 =
Method 1 Method 2
24
138 = 100 + 30 + 8 13
Step 1
64 = 60 + 4 1 3 8
× 6 4
1
× 100 30 8 5 5 2
Step 2 60 6 000 1 800 480 + 8 2 8 0
4 400 120 32 8 8 3 2
Total 6 400 1 920 5 1 2

1
6 4 0 0
Step 3
SCAN THIS 1 9 2 0
+ 5 1 2
8 8 3 2
138 × 64 = 8 832

MIND
24 × 17 =
TEA
S ER

What is the smallest hundreds digit so that

the answer is a 5-digit number?

8 39 × 2 094 = Use the lattice method

to get the actual answer.
Estimate the answer.
2 0 9 4 ×
39 40 0 0 2 1
2 094 2 000 3
0 6 0 7 2
40 × 2 000 = 80 000 11 0 8 3 9
8 1
8 0 1 6
1 6 6 6
81 666 is nearer to 80 000. The answer is reasonable.
39 × 2 094 = 81 666 Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Emphasise that numbers with many digits are arranged first for easier calculation.
HE
AC E S • Surf https://www.ixl.com/math/grade-5/lattice-multiplication 1.6.4
TE T
NO 35
 Which
calculation P Q
is correct,
P or Q?

RIID
DR DDD
ND
IIN
LLEE
M

Multiplication Wheel

Materials Two number wheels and turn-taking table.

Participants 6 pupils.
3 16 7
How to play 24 60

1 Turn both wheels simultaneously. 507 952 100 10

2 Find the product of the two numbers 1 000 29
shown by the arrows.
For example, 29 and 1 000 becomes A B
29 × 1 000 = 29 000. Kim Ravi Lisa Nawi Lin
3 Referee checks the answer using a ✓ ✓
calculator. If it is correct, the referee ✓ ✓ ✓
marks a (✓) in the player’s column. ✓ ✓ ✓
4 Repeat step 1 to step 3 for 5 rounds. ✓ ✓ ✓
5 The pupil with the most number of ✓ ✓ ✓
(✓) wins.

1 Calculate quickly.
a 92 × 10 = b 105 × 100 = c 64 × 1 000 =
d 57 × 1 thousands = e 96 × = 9 600 f × 1 000 = 47 000
2 Solve these.
a 2 805 × 9 = b 10 638 × 8 = c 68 × 45 =
d 406 × 81 = e 42 × 2 070 = f 35 × 1 792 =
3 Show two ways to get the answers.
a Multiply 48 by 39. b Find the product of 103 and 54.
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Ask pupils to determine their turns and the referee before playing.
HE
AC E S • Adjust the numbers used in the Mind Riddle activity according to pupils’ abilities. 1.6.4
TE
36 NO
T
 DIVISION
1 We produce 12 400 If there are 10 different flavours of
containers of curd curd of equal numbers, how many
CURD in a day.
FACTORY containers are there for each flavour?
12 400 ÷ 10 =

1 2 4 0 Start to divide
10 1 2 4 0 0 from left to right.
– 1 0
2 4
– 2 0
4 0
– 4 0
0 0
– 0
0

12 400 ÷ 10 = 1 240
Each flavour has 1 240 containers.

2 Divide 59 300 by 100.

59 300 ÷ 100 =
Partition 59 300. Then,
Method 1 Method 2 divide each digit value.
Finally, total up the
5 9 3 3 quotients.
10 0 5 9 3 0 0 9 0 593
– 5 0 0 5 0 0
9 3 0 100 5 9 3 0 0
– 9 0 0 – 5 0 0 0 0
3 0 0 9 3 0 0
– 3 0 0 – 9 0 0 0
0 3 0 0
– 3 0 0
0
59 300 ÷ 100 = 593
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Provide a cross-number puzzle involving division of 10, 100 and 1 000.
HE
AC E S • Discuss how to shift decimal points as a strategy in dividing by 10, 100 and 1 000. 1.6.5
TE T
NO 37
 3 43 000 ÷ 1 000 =

Method 1 Method 2 Complete the

division pattern.
43 000 ÷ 10 = 4 300
43 000 ÷ 1 000 = 43 000
1 000 43 000 ÷ 100 =
= 43 43 000 ÷ 1 000 =

43 000 ÷ 1 000 = 43

4 Wednesday 1 2 .2 .2020

70 600 ÷ = 706 ÷ 1 000 = 85

What are the
706 × 1 = 706 85 × 1 = 85 answers?
706 × 10 = 7 060 85 × 10 = 850
706 × 100 = 70 600 85 × 100 =
85 × 1 000 =
Therefore, 70 600 ÷ 100 = 706

Division is
the inverse of
multiplication.

MIND Complete these.

TEA
S ER

57 200 ÷ 10 60 800 ÷ 100

96

Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Relate the division of any number by 10, 100 and 1 000 involving unknowns with
HE
AC E S multiplication and encourage pupils to use the elimination method to calculate. 1.6.5
TE
38 NO
T
• Emphasise that a pattern is formed when the same number is divided by 10,
100 and 1 000.
 The rice noodle stocks in
5 6 supermarkets are almost out.
R I CE LES
N OOD
STOCK OF RICE NOODLES
NUMBER
Quality product by company ABC123 NO.

Distribute 30 546 boxes

R ICE LES
of the rice noodles.
N O OD

I will distribute them

equally to each
supermarket.

How many boxes of rice noodles are distributed to each supermarket?

30 546 ÷ 6 =

ten
thousands hundreds tens ones
thousands
0 0 5 0 5 0 0 5 0 9 0 5 0 9 1
6 3 0 5 4 6 6 3 0 5 4 6 6 3 0 5 4 6 6 3 0 5 4 6 6 3 0 5 4 6
– 0 – 0 – 0 – 0 – 0
3 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0
– 3 0 – 3 0 – 3 0 – 3 0
0 0 5 0 5 0 5
– 0 – 0 – 0
5 5 4 5 4
– 5 4 – 5 4
Start dividing from 0 0 6
ten thousands. – 6
0

30 546 ÷ 6 = 5 091
5 091 boxes of rice noodles are distributed to each supermarket.Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Emphasise memorisation of the times tables for an easier division process.
HE
AC E S
1.6.5
TE T
NO 39
 6 There are We will put equal
100 ciku. numbers of ciku in
25 plastic containers.

How many ciku are put in each container?

100 ÷ 25 =
Method 1

0 25 50 75 100
– 25 – 25 – 25 – 25
4 3 2 1

Method 2

25 = 5 × 5
100 ÷ 25 = 100 ÷ 5 ÷ 5
2 0 4
5 1 0 0 5 2 0
– 1 0 – 2 0
0 0 0
– 0
0

100 ÷ 25 = 4
There are 4 ciku in each container.
Based on the number line method
above, what is 175 divided by 25?
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Emphasise that division is repeated subtraction.
HE
AC E S • Guide pupils to divide numbers without remainder through simulation using 1.6.5
TE
40 NO
T
concrete objects and times tables.
 7 2 592 storybooks need How many storybooks does each
to be distributed equally school receive?
to 12 schools.
2 592 ÷ 12 =
All right, madam.
2 1 6
12 2 5 9 2
– 2 4
1 9
– 1 2
7 2
– 7 2
0

2 592 ÷ 12 = 216
Each school receives 216 storybooks.

8 79 497 ÷ 73 =

0 1 0 8 9 SCAN THIS
73 7 79 64 649 657 Solve each digit
– 0 – 73 – 0 – 584 – 657 from left to right.

7 6 64 65 0

79 497 ÷ 73 = 1 089

MIND
Use 12 096 ÷ 6 = 2 016 to
TEA

answer 12 096 ÷ 24 = .
S ER

Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Emphasise to pupils to check their answers using multiplication to ensure that the
HE
AC E S answers are correct. 1.6.5
TE T
NO 41
 9 62 197 ÷ 1 000 =
Method 1 Method 2
6 2
1 000 6 2 1 9 7 62 197 ÷ 10 = 6 219 remainder 7
– 6 0 0 0 62 197 ÷ 100 = 621 remainder 97
2 1 9 7 62 197 ÷ 1 000 = 62 remainder 197
– 2 0 0 0
1 9 7 remainder
62 197 ÷ 1 000 = 62 remainder 197

10 98 070 bottles of bath gel are to be distributed equally to 65 shops.

How many bottles are left?
98 070 ÷ 65 =
Build 65 times 1 5 0 8
×6 × 5 × 65
table from 6 and 65 9 8 0 7 0
6 05 65
5 times tables. – 6 5
12 10 130
3 3 0
18 15 195
– 3 2 5
24 20 260
5 7
30 25 325
– 0
36 30 390
5 7 0
42 35 455
– 5 2 0
48 40 520
5 0 remainder
54 45 585
98 070 ÷ 65 = 1 508 remainder 50
There are 50 bottles of bath gel left.
3 4
2 4
Check your answer 1 5 0 8
using multiplication. × 6 5 9 8 0 2 0
1 1 + 5 0
7 5 4 0 9 8 0 7 0
+ 9 0 4 8 0
9 8 0 2 0
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Emphasise the importance of basic facts to solve division.
HE
AC E S • Explain how to build 65 times table and other two-digit times tables. 1.6.5
TE
42 NO
T
11 89 930 ÷ 29 =

I estimate I calculate the

my answer. actual answer.
89 930 90 000 3 101
29 30
90 000 ÷ 30
= 90 thousands ÷ 30
= 3 thousands
= 3 000

3 101 remainder 1

3 101 remainder 1 is nearer to 3 000. The answer is reasonable.

89 930 ÷ 29 = 3 101 remainder 1

MIND Use all the given digits to get

9 2 3 6 7
the largest quotient.
TEA
S ER

÷ 100 = remainder 97

1 Calculate quickly.
a 4 090 ÷ 10 = b 64 500 ÷ 100 = c 15 000 ÷ 1 000 =
d 87 000 ÷ 10= e 30 200 ÷ = 302 f ÷ 1 000 = 98
2 Divide.
a 98 392 ÷ 7 = b 44 856 ÷ 9 = c 162 ÷ 18 =
d 9 282 ÷ 34 = e 51 982 ÷ 47 = f 49 599 ÷ 99 =
3 Solve these.
a 17 245 ÷ 10 = b 36 402 ÷ 100 = c 98 324 ÷ 1 000 =
d 65 369 ÷ 86 = e 5 618 ÷ 59 = f 48 904 ÷ 72 =
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Surf https://ca.ixl.com/math/grade-5/divide-by-two-digit-numbers
HE
AC E S
1.6.5
TE T
NO 43
 MULTIPLICATION AND DIVISION
1
BIRTH DAY
HAP P Y
Mum ordered 8
boxes of cheese
tarts. Each box
I help mum to place
has 6 pieces.
all of the cheese tarts
equally onto 4 plates.

How many pieces of cheese tarts are there on each plate?

8×6÷4=
Method 1 First, multiply. Method 2
Then, divide.
8 12 2
4 4 8 8×6 = 2×6
× 6
– 4 4 1
4 8 1
0 8 = 12
– 8
0
8 × 6 ÷ 4 = 12
Each plate has 12 pieces of cheese tarts.

2 Multiply 630 by 15. Divide the product by 30.

630 × 15 ÷ 30 =
Method 1 Method 2
1 315
630 21
30 9 4 5 0 630 × 15 = 21 × 15
× 15 –9 0 30 2 1
3 150 45 1
= 315 × 15
+ 6 300 – 30 105
9 450 150 + 210
– 150 315
0
Saiz sebenar630 × 15 ÷ 30 = 315
r’s
• Use a variety of simulation activities using objects, pictures, and diagrams.
he 1.7.2
ac e s
Te n o t
44
 3 21 × 3 059 ÷ 7 =

Method 1
9 1 77
1 1
3 059 7 64 239
× 21 –63
1 1 2
3 059 – 7
+6 1 180 53
6 4 239 – 49
49
– 49
0

Method 2

3
3 059×21 = 3 059×3
7 1
1 12
= 9 177 3 059
× 3
9 177
1×7=7
2 × 7 = 14
3 × 7 = 21

21 × 3 059 ÷ 7 = 9 177

MIND
4 610×18 = 4 610×12 =
TEA

6 4
S ER

What can you conclude from the answers above?

Saiz sebenar
• Encourage pupils to solve mixed operations by elimination if suitable.
r’s
he
ac e s • Guide pupils to use times tables to solve operations involving elimination. 1.7.2
Te n o t
45
 4

3 of the shops are

Dinʼs Shoe Shop.
14 100 pairs of shoes
are equally distributed
to 50 shoe shops.

How many pairs of shoes are distributed to Dinʼs Shoe Shop?

14 100 ÷ 50 × 3 =

28 2
50 1 4 1 0 0
– 10 0
4 10
– 4 00
100
– 100
0

2 8 2 ×
0 2 0 3
6 4 6
0
8 4 6

14 100 ÷ 50 × 3 = 846
846 pairs of shoes are distributed to Din’s Shoe Shop.
Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Guide pupils to write number sentences involving multiplication and division 1.7.2
he
ac e s based on picture stimulus and solve it correctly.
Te n o t
46
 5 Divide 89 000 by 1 000. Then, 6 42 000 ÷ 42 × 100 =
multiply the quotient by 67.
Step 1
89 000 ÷ 1 000 × 67 =
1 000
Step 1 Step 2 42 000 = 1 000
89 000 = 89 89 42
1
1 000 × 67
1 163
Step 2
560
540 1 000 × 100 = 100 000
+ 48 00
SCAN THIS 5963 42 000 ÷ 42 × 100 = 100 000
89 000 ÷ 1 000 × 67 = 5 963

8 900 ÷ 100 × 67 = 5 963.

Is the number sentence correct?

MIND ÷3 × 100
273 91 P
TEA
S ER

×4 ÷ 10
P Q R
What is the value of R ?

1 Calculate.
a 72 × 8 ÷ 9 = b 96 ÷ 6 × 7 =
c 120 × 5 ÷ 10 = d 800 ÷ 100 × 3 =
e 87 × 34 ÷ 3 = f 90 656 ÷ 8 × 4 =
g 96 × 28 ÷ 16 = h 182 ÷ 14 × 86 =
2 Solve these.
a Multiply 100 by 500. b Divide 78 000 by 1 000. Then
Then divide the product by 20. multiply the quotient by 43.
Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Encourage pupils to check their answers using calculators for questions in
he
ac e s
1.7.2
Te n o t Test Yourself. 47
 SOLVE THE PROBLEMS
1 The table shows the number of visitors
to three tourist attractions.
Crocodile Water Butterfly
Place
farm theme park park
Number of
visitors 30 819 31 450 29 675

Total up the largest number of visitors and the number of visitors

to the butterfly park. Round off to the nearest thousand.

Understand the problem Plan the strategy

• Number of visitors: ten thousands hundreds tens ones
30 819, 31 450, 29 675. thousands
• Total up the largest 3 0 8 1 9
number of visitors and 3 1 4 5 0
the number of visitors 2 9 6 7 5
to the butterfly park.
31 450 + 29 675 = the largest
• Round off the answer value
to the nearest thousand.
Solve
Check
11 1
Estimate the answer to the 31 4 5 0
nearest thousand. + 29 6 7 5
31 450 is nearer to 31 000. 61 1 2 5
29 675 is nearer to 30 000. 61 125
31 0 0 0
+ 30 0 0 0
61 0 0 0 61 000 62 000
61 125 is nearer to 61 000. 61 125 rounded off to the
nearest thousand is 61 000.
The answer is reasonable.

The total of the largest number of visitors and the number of visitors
to the butterfly park is 61 125. 61 125 to the nearest thousand is 61 000.
Saiz sebenar
• Explain and emphasise the steps of problem-solving. Train pupils to underline
r’s
he
ac e s important information. 1.9.1
Te n o t
48 • Provide more problem solving questions on addition, subtraction, multiplication,
and division involving rounding off numbers.
 2 Bella has eight number cards as follows:
1 473 1 463 1 468 1 448 1 458 1 453 1 478 1 488
She needs to arrange all the even number cards in ascending order.
What is the fifth number in the number pattern?

Understand the problem

• Eight number cards: Plan the strategy
1 473, 1 463, 1 468, 1 448,
1 458, 1 453, 1 478 and 1 488. Arrange the even number
cards from the smallest to
• Arrange even number
the largest values.
cards in ascending order.
• Find the fifth number in the
even number pattern. ?
1 478 1 473
1 468 1 453
1 458
1 448
Solve
+ 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 1 488

1 448 1 458 1 468 1 478 ?

1 47 8
+ 10
1 48 8 Check
The numbers increase by tens. 1 48 8
1 478 add 10 is 1 488. – 1 478
10

The fifth number in the number pattern is 1 488.

Find the difference between the largest even number and

the smallest odd number from the number cards above.
Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Carry out group activities to form six even numbers and odd numbers based on
he 1.9.1
ac e s the number pattern given to the pupils.
Te n o t
49
 3 The following table shows the number of cars on the roads in Perlis
for the years 2013, 2014 and 2015.
Year 2013 2014 2015
Number of 71 505 3 075 more 2 925 more
cars than in than in
2013 2014
Source: http://www.data.gov.my/data/ms_MY/dataset/bilangan-kenderaan-di-atas-jalan-raya-
mengikut-negeri/resource/f0dffdea-354b-416a-90b2-b6ca471e603c
How many cars are there on the roads in Perlis for the year 2015?
Understand the problem
There are 71 505 cars in 2013.
In 2014, there are 3 075 cars more than the number of cars in 2013.
In 2015, there are 2 925 cars more than the number of cars in 2014.
Find the number of cars in 2015.

Plan the strategy

I use diagrams.
2013 71 505
2014 71 505 3 075
2015 71 505 3 075 2 925

Solve
Check
71 505 + 3 075 + 2 925 =
1 11 14
6 4 10 7 10
71 505 77 5 0 5 74 5 8 0
3 075 – 2 925 – 3 075
+ 2 92 5 74 5 8 0 71 505
77 50 5

71 505 + 3 075 + 2 925 = 77 505

There are 77 505 cars on the roads in Perlis for the year 2015.
Saiz sebenar
• Provide more exercises in constructing number sentences based on
r’s
he
ac e s daily life problems. 1.9.1
Te n o t
50 • Guide pupils to solve problems through simulations and check the answers.
 4 During the environmental conservation
campaign, a total of 27 600 mangrove tree
seedlings were planted in districts R, S and
T. Districts R and S were planted with
17 930 and 8 752 mangrove tree seedlings
respectively. How many mangrove tree
seedlings were planted in district T?
27 600 mangrove tree seedlings were planted in three districts. 1
District R was planted with 17 930 mangrove tree seedlings.
District S was planted with 8 752 mangrove tree seedlings.
Find the number of mangrove tree seedlings in district T.
27 600
17 930 8 752 ?
2
R S T
27 600 – 17 930 – 8 752 =
16 15
1 6 5 10 8 16 6 10
27 6 0 0 9 6 7 0 3
– 17 9 3 0 – 8 7 5 2
9 6 7 0 9 1 8

4 12 1 1
Letʼs check. Add 918,
8 752 and 17 930. 918
8 752
+ 17 9 3 0
27 6 0 0

27 600 – 17 930 – 8 752 = 918

The number of mangrove tree seedlings planted in district T is 918.

Now, explain how to check using estimation.

Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Ask pupils to explain the steps taken in 1 to 4 above.
he 1.9.1
ac e s • Instil moral values of loving the environment. Explain the importance of growing
Te n o t
51
mangrove trees in preserving the ecosystem.
 5 The employees of Ainaʼs mother prepared 10 500
packets of mango sticky rice for a food fair.
9 420 packets were sold. Then, 780 packets
more were prepared. How many packets
of mango sticky rice are there now?

Write important information.

• prepared 10 500 packets of mango sticky rice

• sold 9 420 packets of mango sticky rice
• then made 780 packets more
• calculate the current number of packets of
mango sticky rice

10 500 780
Draw a diagram.
Write the number 9 420 ? 780
sentence.
10 500 – 9 420 + 780 =

Solve
010 410 1
1 0 50 0 1 08 0
– 9 42 0 + 78 0
1 08 0 1 86 0

Check
10
1 0 0 12
1 0 50 0 1 1 28 0
+ 78 0 – 9 42 0
1 1 28 0 1 86 0

10 500 – 9 420 + 780 = 1 860

Now, there are 1 860 packets of mango sticky rice.

Saiz sebenar
• Encourage pupils to do mental calculations while solving addition and
r’s
he
ac e s subtraction, and check the answers. 1.9.1
Te n o t
52 • Surf https://ca.ixl.com/math/grade-5/multi-step-word-problems
 6 13 schools sent 24 participants
each for several sports events.
Find the total number of
participants involved.

Write important information.

• 13 schools
• each school had 24 participants
• find the total number of participants

13 × 24 = 13 = 10 + 3 I check using
1 24 = 20 + 4 this method.
13
× 24
1 52 × 20 4 Total
+ 260 10 200 40 240
312 3 60 12 72
Total 260 52 312

13 × 24 = 312

The total number of participants involved is 312.

If there are 100 sports events and each event is

participated by 125 participants, calculate the
total number of the participants.
Saiz sebenar
r’s
• In pairs, conduct quizzes to construct number sentences based on the given
he 1.9.1
ac e s problems before solving it.
Te n o t
53
• Surf https://ca.ixl.com/math/grade-5/multiply-by-2-digit-numbers-word-
problems
 7 The table shows number of songket shoes
and batik canvas shoes sold during
the Malaysian Batik Festival.

Shoe Songket
type Batik canvas

Total 1 060 15 times the number

(pairs) of songket shoes

How many batik canvas shoes are sold?

1 060 pairs The number of

1 060 1 060 1 060
of songket batik canvas
shoes. shoes is 15 times
1 060 1 060 1 060 the number of
songket shoes.
1 060 1 060 1 060 How many pairs
of batik canvas
shoes are there?
1 060 1 060 1 060

1 060 1 060 1 060

15 × 1 060 =
What is the
1 0 6 0 × method to
0 1 0 0 0 6 0 0 1 check?
0 0 5 0 0 3 0 0 0 5
1
5 9 0 0

15 × 1 060 = 15 900

The number of batik canvas shoes sold is 15 900 pairs.

Write a number sentence to find the total number

of songket and batik canvas shoes.
Saiz sebenar
• Encourage pupils to use pictorial representation as a solving strategy.
r’s
he
ac e s
1.9.1
Te n o t
54
 8
Thursday 20.2.2020

A factory produces 14 186 powerbanks

Underline
the important
information. in a day. 32 powerbanks are put in
each box. How many boxes are needed?
What is the remainder?

Each box has

32 powerbanks.

14 186 ÷ 32 = I check using

multiplication
44 3 and then add
1
the remainder.
32 1 4 1 8 6 4 43
– 12 8 14 176
× 32
1 38 11 + 10
– 1 28 886 1 4 186
106 +1 3 290
– 96 14 1 76
10

14 186 ÷ 32 = 443 remainder 10

The number of boxes needed is 443.

The remainder is 10 powerbanks.

Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Surf https://www.ixl.com/math/grade-5/divide-2-digit-and-3-digit-numbers-by-
he 1.9.1
ac e s 2-digit-numbers-word-problems
Te n o t
55
 9 A poultry farm worker puts 84 cages
of chickens into a lorry. Each cage has
8 chickens. The cages are distributed
equally to 7 markets. How many
chickens are sent to each market?

Given 84 cages. Each cage has 8 chickens.

Distribute equally to 7 markets.
Find Total number of chickens that are sent to each market.

Market 4
Market 3 Market 5

Market 2 Market 6
84 cages × 8 chickens

Market 1 Market 7

Number sentence 84 × 8 ÷ 7 =

Calculate Check
3 4 84
84 96 96
7 672 8 672
× 8 × 7 – 64
672 –6 3 672
42 32
– 42 – 32
0 0

84 × 8 ÷ 7 = 96
96 chickens are sent to each market.

If the chickens are sent to 14 markets, how many

chickens does each market receive?
Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Use drawing a diagram strategy to solve problems.
he
ac e s
1.9.1
Te n o t
56
10 3 machines are used to print 7 350 pamphlets. Each
machine can print an equal number of pamphlets.
How many pamphlets can 10 similar machines print?

Given 3 machines to print 7 350 pamphlets.

Find Number of pamphlets that can be printed by 10 machines.
7 350

?
Number sentence 7 350 ÷ 3 × 10 =

Calculate
2 450 2 4 50
3 7350 × 10
–6 24 500
13
– 12 Check
15
24 500 × 3
– 15 = 2 450 × 3
10 1 1
00 = 7 350
– 0 2 450
0 × 3
7 3 50
7 350 ÷ 3 × 10 = 24 500

The number of pamphlets that 10 similar

machines can print is 24 500.

Can the problem be solved this way?

7 350 ÷ 3 × 10 = 7 350 ÷ 30
Discuss. Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Use other strategies such as working backwards and building models in solving
he 1.9.1
ac e s problems.
Te n o t
57
 11 The following are items ordered by a school cooperative in conjunction
with the merdeka month.
 

Badge Jalur Gemilang Magnet

715 ? 4 030
The total number of items ordered is 21 680. What is the number of
Jalur Gemilang ordered?
Arrange the
information in a table. Item Number of items
Badge 715
Jalur Gemilang
Magnet 4 030
Total 21 680

715 + + 4 030 = 21 680

Use numbers with 1+4+3=8

small value to 4+4=8
solve an unknown. 4=8–4
10
1 0 16 7 10
715 21 680
+ 4 030 – 4 745
4 7 45 16 935

1 1 1
Check 16 935 17 650
+ 715 + 4 030
17 650 21 6 8 0

715 + 16 935 + 4 030 = 21 680

Saiz sebenar The number of Jalur Gemilang ordered is 16 935.

r’s
• Provide questions on several daily life situations involving unknowns and ask
he
ac e s pupils to solve them in pairs. 1.9.2
Te n o t
58
 12 Amirah has 32 pieces of biscuits. Jasmin has p pieces of biscuits.
Their total number of biscuits is 50 pieces. What is the value of p ?
Given Amirah has 32 pieces of biscuits. Jasmin has p pieces of
biscuits. Total number of biscuits is 50 pieces.
Find The value of p. 32 p
50

Number sentence 32 + p = 50 Substitute the

answer to check.

Calculate 32 + p = 50 Check 32 + 18 = 50
p = 50 – 32
p = 18

32 + 18 = 50
The value of p is 18.

13 Jack needs to install y fire extinguishers. 24 fire extinguishers have

been installed. 11 fire extinguishers have not been installed. What is
the value of y ?
Given To install y fire extinguishers.
24 fire extinguishers installed.
11 fire extinguishers not installed.
Find The value of y. y
24 11
Number sentence y – 24 = 11

Calculate y – 24 = 11 Check 35 – 24 = 11
y = 11 + 24
y = 35
35 – 24 = 11
The value of y is 35. Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Guide pupils to solve problems involving unknowns in front of and in the middle
he 1.9.2
ac e s of a number sentence.
Te n o t
59
 1 Sugang chooses one of the cards below.

62 481 78 016 65 703 77 245

The number on the chosen card becomes 70 000 when rounded off
to the nearest ten thousand. Which card is chosen by Sugang?

April
2 The picture shows electricity
metre readings for a factory
May
in April and May. Calculate
the difference between the
two readings.

3 1 375 pieces of vouchers were distributed to every school. Calculate

the number of vouchers distributed to 25 schools.

4 Read the dialogue below.

My sister has 14 801 My brother has

social media friends. 2 928 more friends
than your sister.
Punitha Liman
How many social media friends does Limanʼs brother have?

5 A health product company sold 34 780 products in January,

February, and March. The number of products sold in January
and February are 15 432 and 8 095 respectively. Find the number
of products sold in March.

6 An employee of Nadiaʼs father grills

69 840 sticks of frozen satay. 40 sticks
of satay are put into each container.
How many containers of satay are
there?
Saiz sebenar
• Provide more exercises on questions of different levels of difficulty in the
r’s
he
ac e s form of quizzes or worksheets to be solved in groups or in pairs. 1.9.1
Te n o t
60 • Encourage pupils to check their answers using calculators.
 7 A seller prepares 2 600 pieces of chocolate
waffles. 900 pieces are donated to an
orphanage. Then, the seller prepares
1 480 pieces of peanut waffles. He sends
all the waffles to several child care centres.
Calculate the number of waffles that are sent
to the child care centres.

8 Anis buys 7 boxes of dates for a breaking of fast

event. Each box has 35 dates. Anisʼs mother
repackages them into several plastic bags of 5 dates
each. Find the number of plastic bags of dates.

9 84 720 newspapers were distributed equally every day in April.

Calculate the number of newpapers distributed per week.

10 In conjunction with the Go Green Campaign, about 20 000 trees were

planted in several recreational parks. The number of trees planted
was rounded off to the nearest ten thousand. Give three possible
values for the number of trees planted.

11 Siti buys 12 purple orchids and y white orchids. The total number of
purple and white orchids is 36. What is the value of y?

12 A block of flats has a total of 90 units of

houses. p units of houses are occupied while
15 units are unoccupied. Find the value of p.

13 The table shows the number of Cage R S T U

ducks in four cages. The total
number of ducks in cages R and Number 14 15 17 k
S is equal to the total number of of ducks
ducks in cages T and U. Find the
value of k. Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Surf https://ca.ixl.com/math/grade-5 to obtain reinforcement exercises involving
he
ac e s problem solving questions. 1.9.1
Te n o t
1.9.2 61
 RIID
DR DDD
ND
IN

L
E
M

Tools/ 16 question cards, papers, pens, question number grid

Materials question number grids and
7 markers for each colour. 1 2 3 4

Participants 5 pupils (4 players and 5 6 7 8

1 referee). 9 10 11 12
13 14 15 16
Arrange the A plane can accommodate
numbers in 246 passengers. How many
descending order. passengers can 15 similar Write 67 095 in words. Determine whether
43 096, 43 069, planes accommodate? 1 295 is an even
43 960, 43 609 number or an odd
15 13 12 number. 9

Find the sum of State the place value of 24 509, 25 509, 26 509,
9 in 92 105. 72 ÷ 12 × 15 = What is the fourth
48 925 and 37 106.
number?
3 8 2 10

Eng Ban has 70 pieces of

Round off 59 720 to the stamps. He has m pieces How many more is
nearest ten thousand. of Malaysia stamps 64 198 compared
30 000 beads Jar T to 28 106?
and 18 pieces of foreign
What is the estimated stamps. What is the
number of beads value of m?
7 in Jar T? 16 5 6

The total number of Rizalʼs

Find the product postcards is 20 times more 90 + 200 + y = 80 290.
of 479 and 83. than Finiʼs. Rizal has 48 000 What is the value of y? 76 684 ÷ 38 =
postcards. What is the total
number of Finiʼs postcards?
1 14 11 4

How to play

1 Players take turns to choose a coloured marker and a question card.

2 Write all calculations and answers on a paper.
3 The referee checks each answer. If the answer is correct, the player
puts a marker on the question number grid. If the answer is incorrect,
the player returns the question card to its original place.
4 Continue playing until all question cards are answered correctly.
5 The player with the most markers wins.
Saiz sebenar
• Decide the turns by tossing a dice. Make sure every question card is labelled
r’s
he
ac e s
Te n o t with numbers 1 to 16.
62 • Include higher level questions if pupils have acquired all skills in the question 1.1 - 1.9
cards given.
 MIND CHALLENGE
1 Write the numbers in numerals or words.
a 92 145 b 60 174 c 51 096
d thirty-five thousand and sixteen
e forty thousand and sixty-two
f one hundred thousand

2 State the place values and digit values for the underlined digits.
a 19 719 b 34 238 c 75 406

3 Complete these.
a 72 193 = 70 000 + 2 000 + + 90 +
b = 300 + 5 000 + 90 000 + 4
c 61 087 = 6 ten thousands + + + 8 tens + 7 ones
d = 3 tens + 2 ones + 1 hundreds + 8 ten thousands + 0 thousands

4 List the even and odd numbers based on the number cards below.
3 245 4 100 5 012 2 053 1 898 1 401

5 Arrange the numbers in ascending and descending orders.

a
43 370 , 43 070 , 43 300 , 43 730

b
69 128 , 65 590 , 68 993 , 61 540
6
Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Provide more questions on even and odd numbers, and number sequence
he
ac e s in ascending and descending orders to enhance pupilsʼ understanding. 1.1.1,
Te n o t
1.1.2 63
 6 Estimate the following quantities:
a b

11 000 beads 15 litres

7 Complete the following number patterns.

a
14 053 , 14 060 , 14 067 , ,

b
20 749 , 20 740 , , 20 722 ,

c
61 264 , , 63 264 , , 65 264

8 a Round off the following numbers to the nearest ten thousand.

i 43 170 ii 29 003 iii 70 986 iv 99 051
b Give two numbers that become 50 000 when rounded off to the
nearest ten thousand.
9 State “more than” or “less than”.
a 65 209 65 290 b 32 084 30 284
c 47 961 47 916 d 97 004 97 040

10 Solve these.
a 40 279 + 1 620 = b 18 043 + 2 645 + 972 =
c 78 175 – 2 155 = d 40 000 – 12 315 – 5 932 =
11 Multiply.
a 12 082 × 7 = b 37 × 94 = c 709 × 65 =
d 2 703 × 10 =
Saiz sebenar e 486 × = 48 600 f x 1 000 = 24 000
• Provide more questions on estimation of quantities involving length and mass 1.1.2 (iii),
r’s
he
ac e s
Te n o t based on the reference set. 1.3.1, 1.4.1,
64 1.5.2, 1.6.1,
1.6.2, 1.6.3,
1.6.4
 12 Divide.
a 75 096 ÷ 7 = b 920 ÷ 23 =
c 16 470 ÷ 54 = d 20 880 ÷ 36 =
e 2 076 ÷ 1 hundreds = f 57 148 ÷ 1 thousands =

13 Complete the number sentences.

a 13 800 − 7 903 = b 15 000 − 380 =
c 60 000 − = 17 690 d + 24 713 = 50 000

14 Calculate.
a 800 – 129 + 755 = b 64 980 + 4 526 − 137 =
c 36 ÷ 9 × 7 = d 504 × 11 ÷ 8 =

15 Find the values of f.

a 8 + f = 15 b f + 13 = 20 c f – 6 = 5 d 17 – f = 10

16 Solve the following problems:

Every month, different number of flowers are used to decorate
a
an entrance of a shop. In July, 25 roses are used. In August and
September, 33 roses and 41 roses are used respectively. If this
pattern continues, how many roses will be used in November?
b The competition scores of several Competition Score
camping activities are recorded on Cooking 8 970
a scoreboard. The score of camping March 7 825
equipment activity is not shown. Camping equipment
The total score of four competitions Cultural night 8 540
is 34 260. What is the score of the
camping equipment activity?
c 20 760 people participated in a charity run in 2018. The total
number of participants in 2019 is 1 798 more than those who
participated in 2018.
i How many participants took part in the charity run in 2019?
ii Find the total number of participants in the charity run for the
years 2018 and 2019. Saiz sebenar
• Provide more problem solving questions involving daily life situations such as 1.6.1,
r’s
he
ac e s teacherʼs day celebration, sports day, and canteen day. 1.6.2, 1.6.5,
Te n o t
1.7.1, 1.7.2, 65
1.8.1, 1.8.2,
1.9.1, 1.9.2
 d The table shows rubber production in April 2015, March 2016,
and April 2016.
Year April 2015 March 2016 April 2016
Production 21 847 less 57 697 15 911 less
(metric than in than in
tonnes) March 2016 March 2016
Source: https://www.dosm.gov.my/v1/uploads/files/1_Articles_By_Themes/
Agriculture/PERANGKAAN_GETAH_APRIL_2016.pdf
i How many metric tonnes of rubber is produced in April 2015?
ii Calculate the total number of metric tonnes of rubber
produced in March and April 2016.
e Each container has 12 jelly moulds. Jenny has 14 containers.
She uses all the moulds to make jelly.
i How many jellies does she make?
ii Jenny serves 4 jellies on each plate to be given to her
neighbours. How many plates does she need?
f The table shows the number of participants of Penang Public
Library Reading Campaign.

Month June July

Number of 10 314 971 less than the month of June
participants
Source: http://www.data.gov.my/data/ms_MY/dataset/aktiviti-galakan-membaca-
perpustakaan-awam-pulau-pinang/resource/38645e50-f8c0-4bd5-b012-73719839fef4
Calculate the number of participants in June and July.
g City R S T
Number of ? Twice the number Triple the number
foreign workers of foreign workers of foreign workers
in R in R
The total number of foreign workers in cities R, S and T is 15 702.
i Calculate the number of foreign workers in City R.
ii How many foreign workers are there in City T?
h Kaswini buys h pieces of envelopes. She uses 13 pieces of the

Saiz sebenar envelopes. There are 12 pieces left. What is the value of h?
• Provide more questions involving unknowns. Train pupils to build number
r’s 1.9.1
he
ac e s
Te n o t sentences in solving problems and check answers using calculators.
66 1.9.2
 2 FRACTIONS, DECIMALS,
AND PERCENTAGES
CONVERT IMPROPER FRACTIONS
AND MIXED NUMBERS
There is a cake giveaway. K Wow! This is the
1 BOOIR latest book and
14
There is still left. FA it has a discount
CHEESE of up to 50%.
CAKE

waitin
g
for
lucky
visitor
s YUM
CAK MY
E Sa l e
RM2
.15

1
1 4 as an improper fraction.
1 State

1
1
4 1 1
1 4 is 1 and .
4
SCAN THIS
1 1 1
4 4 4 1 4 1 5
1 4 is and . There are altogether.
1 1 4 4 4
4 4

1 5
14 =
4
• Scan the QR Code provided to enhance understanding on converting mixed Saiz sebenar
numbers to improper fractions.
R’S • Pupils search for information regarding prices, percentages, and fractions
HE
AC E S
2.1.1
TE
NO
T from supermarket brochures. Discuss. 67
• Surf http://www.webmath.com/convfract.html to convert mixed numbers
to improper fractions and vice versa.
 7
2 Convert to
1 10 an improper fraction.

7
1 10 =

1 7
10

10 7 17
+ =
10 10 10
7 17
1 10 =
10

3
3 18 =

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3
1 18 18 18
8 8 8 8 8 8 8

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
0
8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
3 11 5 13
18 = Is equal
18 to ?
8 8

4 7 TIPS
29 =
+7
2
7 2 9+7 ×9
29 =
9
1. Multiply the whole number
18 + 7 with the denominator.
=
9 2. Add the product to the
25 numerator.
= 3. The answer is the new
9
7 25 numerator.
29
9 7 25 4. Retain the denominator.
29 =
Saiz sebenar 9
R’S
• Surf https://www.mathsisfun.com/improper-fractions.html which explains the
HE
AC E S concept of converting mixed numbers to improper fractions. 2.1.1
TE
68 NO
T
 9
5 Convert to a mixed number.
4
1
4

4 4 1 1
1 1
4 4 4 4
9 1 11
= 24 Explain how to convert
4 4
to a mixed number.

10
6 State in mixed number.
3
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3

1 2 1 2 1 2 1
0 1 13 13 2 23 23 3 33
3 3

What is the mixed

10 1 11
= 33 number for ?
3 3
Discuss.
22
7 =
7
TIPs
whole number
3 • Quotient as whole number.
1
denominator 7 2 2 3 7 • Remainder as numerator.
– 2 1 • Divisor as denominator.
numerator 1

22 1 15 1
= 37 44
is not equal to .
7 4
Why?
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Enhance pupils’ understanding regarding improper fractions and mixed
HE
AC E S numbers using objects, paper folding, fraction charts, or transparencies. 2.1.1
TE T
NO 69
• Stress on the correct way to write mixed numbers and improper fractions.
 13
8 =
5
Method 1 Method 2
13 5 5 3 1 3 Numerator
= + +
5 5 5 5 – 5 1
3
= 1 + 1 + 3 8 2 25
5 – 5 1
3 Whole Denominator
= 25 3 number
13 3
= 25
5

FUN EXPLORATION
Task Card
Tools/Materials Task card and pencil.
How to play
1 Write a mixed number and
an improper fraction.
2 Convert the mixed number to
an improper fraction and vice versa
using two different methods.
3 Check your answers with your friends.
4 Keep all your work in a folio.

MIND
TEA

1 State mixed numbers in

S ER

improper fractions.
What is the fraction and 2 9 1 1
a 53 b 2 10 c 17 2 d 28 5
mixed number that can
2 Convert improper fractions to
be formed from 9 parts
mixed numbers.
of 1 ? Show your answer. 5 15 21 31
8 a b c d
Saiz sebenar 2 7 4 10
R’S
• Provide more paper folding activities to enhance pupils’ understanding on the
HE
AC E S process of converting improper fractions to mixed numbers. 2.1.1
TE
70 NO
T
 ADDITION OF FRACTIONS
1
I ate 2 out
of 8 parts of I ate 3 parts
kuih bakar. of kuih bakar.

What is the total fraction of kuih bakar eaten?

3
eaten
8 Add the numerator
only. Retain the
denominator.
2 2 3 5
eaten + =
8 8 8 8 2 4 6
+ =
7 7 14
Is the answer
5 correct? Prove it.
They ate of the kuih bakar.
8

2 4 5
2 Add , and .
9 9 9
2 4 5
+ + =
9 9 9
4 5
+ +
9 9

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
0
9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9
11 9 2 9
= + =1
9 9 9 9
2
= 1 +
9
2
= 19

2 4 5 2
+ + = 19
9 9 9 Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Emphasise that if the final answer is in improper fraction, convert it to mixed number.
HE
AC E S • Provide more simulation activities on addition of fractions using concrete materials. 2.1.2
TE T
NO 71
 1 3
3 24 + 3 + =
4
Method 2
Method 1
1 3 1 3
24 + 3 + = 24 + + 3
4 4
4
= 24 + 3
= 3+3
=6
1 3 1 3
24 + 3 + = 2 + 3 + +
4 4 4
4
= 5 +
4
= 5 + 1
=6
1 3
24 + 3 + = 6
4

1 9 7 2 1
4 2 10 + 4 10 + 1 10 = 5 3 + = 23

1 9 7 2 2×3+1
2 10 + 4 10 + 1 10 + =
3 3
1 9 7 2 7 7 = 2 + 5
= 2 + 4 + 1 + + + + =
10 10 10 3 3
10 7 2 5 7
= 7 + + + =
10 10 3 3 3
7 5 3 2
= 7 + 1 + = +
10 3 3 3
7 2
= 8 10 = 13

1 9 7 7 2 2 1
2 10 + 4 10 + 1 10 = 810 + 13 = 2 3
Saiz sebenar 3
R’S
• Train pupils to use simplifying techniques to find the unknowns.
HE
AC E S • Provide more exercises on the addition of fractions involving mixed numbers, 2.1.2
TE
72 NO
T
proper fractions, and whole numbers to enhance pupils’ understanding.
 2 1 Change to equivalent
6 + = fractions with the same
3 2
denominator.
Method 1 Method 2

2 1 2 1 4 3
3 2 + = +
3 2 6 6
1
7
4 3 = 1 1
6 2 2
6 6 1 1 1
6 1 3 3 3
= + 1 1 1 1
6 1 6 6 4 4 4 4
1 1 1 1 1
6 6 1 5 5 5 5 5
= 16 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 6 6 6 6 6 6
16
2 1 1
+ = 16
3 2
9 5 7 6
7 +26 = 8 49 +17 =
10
9 5 9 × 3 5×5 7 6 7 6
+ 26 = + 26 × 5 49 +17 = 4 +1 + +
10 10 × 3 9 7
27 25 7×7 6×9
6 and 10 = + 2 30 = 4 +1 + +
30 9×7 7×9
times
The answer 49 54
tables = 2 52 must be =5+ +
30 63 63
6 10 in the
12 20 30 22 simplest 103
=2+ + form. =5+
18 30 30 30 63
24 40 22 63 40
= 2 +1+ =5+ +
30 50 30 63 63
22 ÷ 2 40
=3+ = 5 +1+
30 ÷ 2 63
11 40
= 3 15 = 6 63

9 5 11 7 6 40
+ 2 6 = 315 4 9 + 1 7 = 6 63
10 Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Train pupils to obtain the smallest common denominator using times tables
HE
AC E S and the cross multiplication method. 2.1.2
TE T
NO 73
• Make sure the answer is in the simplest form.
 2 1
9 + 7 +16 =
3
Calculation 1 Calculation 2
2 1 2 1 2 1 2×2 1
+ 7 +16 = + 7 + 1 + + 7 +16 = +7+1+
3 6 6 3 3×2 6
3÷3 4 1
=8+ = 7 + 1 + +
6÷3 6 6
5
1 =8+
= 82 6
5
= 86

Which answer is correct,

1 5
8 or ?
2
86

3 1 4
10 110 + 8 2 + = 2, 5 and 10 The smallest
5 times tables common
3 1 4 13 17 4 denominator
110 + 8 2 + = + + 2 5 10
5 10 2 5 is 10.
4 10 20
13 17 × 5 4 × 2 6 15 30
= + +
10 2 × 5 5 × 2 8 20 40
13 + 85 + 8 10 25 50
=
10 10 10 12 30 60
= 106 1 0 14 35 70
10 10 1 0 6 16 40 80
6 – 1 0 0
= 10 10 18 45 90
6 20 50 100

Is the answer in the

simplest form? Discuss.

Solve these.
2 1 2 4 1
a 6+4= b + +23 = c + =
7 7 3 3 9 3
5 2 7 1 1 1
d 36 + = e 18 +34 = f 25 + +6=
3 3
1 1 5 2 3 7 3
g 43 + +26 = h 25 + =65 i + =48
8
Saiz sebenar 2
R’S
• Ask pupils to do exercises in https://www.calculatorsoup.com/calculators/
HE
AC E S math/adding-fractions-calculator.php 2.1.2
TE
74 NO
T
• Explain to pupils that the smallest common denominator needs to be obtained
to ensure the answers are in the simplest form.
 SUBTRACTION OF FRACTIONS
1

7
1 8 mooncakes 5 out of 8 parts were taken

How many parts of the mooncakes are left?

7 5
18 – =
8

Subtract the
numerator only.
Retain the
denominator. The
answer must be in
7 5 7–5 the simplest form.
18 – =1 8
8
2÷2
= 18 ÷ 2
1
= 14

7 5 1
18 – = 14
8

1
14
There are parts of the mooncakes left.

3 1 2
– = . Is this correct? Discuss.
8 8 0
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Emphasise that the denominator must be of the same value before subtracting
HE 2.1.3 (i)
AC E S the fraction.
TE T
NO 75
• Demonstrate the activities above using a paper cutting.
 2
2 Find the remainder when is subtracted from 1.
7
2
1– =
7
Method 1 Method 2 Count back in 2 steps
to subtract.
2 7 2
1– = –
7 7 7
5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
= 0 =1
7 1=
7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7
7
2
2 –
7
7

7
5 7
remainder
7
2 5
1– =
7 7
3
24
3 Calculate the difference between 4 and .
3
4 – 24 =

Method 1 Method 2
3 4 × 4 11
✗ 4 – 24 = –
1 ×4 4
✗ 16 1 1
= – ✗ ✗
✗ ✗
✗
4 4 ✗ ✗
5 ✗ ✗
= ✗ ✗
4 ✗
3 4 3
4 – 24 = 34 – 24 4 1 ✗
✗
= +
4–3 4 4
=3 – 2 + 1
4 =14
1 3 1
=14 4 – 24 = 14
Saiz sebenar • In pairs, carry out an activity on subtraction of two fractions. Each pair is
R’S
asked to calculate using Method 1 or Method 2. Compare their answers
HE 2.1.3 (i)
AC S by using pair and check.
TE O TE
76 N
• Carry out simulation activities to explain the concept of subtracting a fraction
from a whole number as shown in example 3.
 4 2 7
4 69 – – 29 =
9

Method 1 Method 2

4 2 7 58 2 25 4 2 7 4–2 7
69 – – 29 = – – 69 – – 29 = 6 9 – 29
9 9 9 9 9
31 3 2 7
= = 69 – 29
9 9 3 1
9 2 7
= 34 – 2 7 = 59 + – 29
9 4 9
11 7
= 5 9 – 29
4
4 2 7 4 = 39
6 9 – – 2 9 = 39
9

1 2 1 1
5 Subtract from
16 55 . 6 33 – =13
4 = 10 – 6
2 1 1 1
55 – 16 = 33 – =13

2 1 2x6 1x5 10 6 4
55 – 16 = 5 5x6 – 1 6x5 – =
3 3 3
5 and 6 12 5 6÷3 2
= 5 30 – 1 30 =
times tables 3÷3 1
5 6
= 5 – 1 + 12 – 5 =2
10 12 30
15 18 1 1
33 – 2 =13
20 24 =4 7
30
25 30
30 36

2 1 7
5 5 – 1 6 = 4 30 SCAN THIS
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Scan the QR Code to obtain additional explanations on the subtraction of
HE 2.1.3
AC E S fractions involving unknowns.
TE T
NO
(i), (ii) 77
• Train pupils to use times tables to get the smallest common denominator
which is also known as the Least Common Multiple (LCM).
 7 1 2
7 48 – – 23 =
2

Method 1
2, 3 and 8
7 1 2 7×3 1 × 12 2×8 times tables
48 – – 2 3 = 48 × 3 – – 23 × 8
2 2 × 12 2 3 8
21 12 16 4 6 16
= 4 24 – – 2 24
24 6 9 24
5 12 8 12 32
= 2 24 – 10 15 40
24
24 + 5 12 12 18 48
= 1 24 – 14 21 56
24
16 24 64
= 1 29 – 12 18 27 72
24 24
20 30 80
17 22 33 88
= 1 24
24 36 96
Method 2
7 1 2 39 1 8
48 – – 23 = – –
2 8 2 3
39 × 3 1 × 12 8 × 8
= – –
8×3 2 × 12 3 × 8
117 – 12 – 64
=
24
41 1
= 24 4 1 1
24 7
=
– 2 4 Step 1 4 8 –
17 2
= 1 24 1 7
2
Step 2 –23 =

7 1 2 17
48 – – 2 3 = 1 24
2 Discuss if the question
above is solved
using this method.
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Ask pupils to solve other questions using the two methods above and present
HE 2.1.3 (ii)
AC E S their work.
TE
78 NO
T
• Surf https://www.calculatorsoup.com/calculators/math/adding-fractions-
calculator.php
 5 8
8 10 – 8 6 – =
9 The smallest common
5 8 6 5 8 6 and 9 denominator is 18.
10 – 8 6 – = 9 6 – 8 6 –
9 9 times tables
1 8 6 9
=16 –
9 12 18
1 × 3 8×2 18 27
= 16 × 3 –
9×2 24 36
3 16 30 45
= 1 18 –
18 36 54
21 16
= –
18 18
MIND 1
5 TEA – – =
= 2
18
S ER

What are the three fractions

5 8 5
10 – 8 6 – = that could represent this
9 18
number sentence?

1 Calculate.
4 2 7 5 3 1
a 27 –17 = b 3– 29 = c 68 – – 28 =
8
5 3 1 6 3 1
d – = e 44 – –1= f 95 – 5 –12 =
6 8 7

2 Solve these.
1 7
a Deduct
1 2 from
38 .
3 1
16
b What is the difference between and ?
2 10
3 1 1
c Subtract and from .
25 13 10 4

3 Complete these.
4 3 9
a 75 – = b 8– = 310
5 Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Download exercises from https://m.k5learning.com/free-math-worksheets/fifth-
HE 2.1.3
AC E S grade-5/fractions-addition-subtraction to reinforce skills in subtraction of fractions.
TE T
NO
(i), (ii) 79
• Carry out quizzes using question cards.
 ADDITION AND SUBTRACTION OF FRACTIONS
1
What is the fraction of
These are parts the chocolate bars left?
of our chocolate
bars.

8
were
10
eaten

9 7
10 10
9 7 8
+ – =
10 10 10

✗ ✗ ✗
✗
✗
✗
✗ ✗
9 7 16 16 8 8÷2 4
+ = – = =
10 10 10 10 10 10 ÷ 2 5

9 7 8
First, add and . Then, subtract .
10 10 10
Write your answer
in the simplest form.

9 7 8 4
+ – =
10 10 10 5
4
The fraction of the chocolate bars left is .
Saiz sebenar 5
R’S
• Emphasise that the operations must be solved from left to right.
HE
AC E S • Ask pupils to surf https://m.k5learning.com/free-math-worksheets/fifth-grade- 2.1.4
TE
80 NO
T
5/word-problems/fractions-mixed-operations to obtain additional questions.
 1 5
2 27 + – 2 =
7
Method 1 Method 2

1 5 1 5
27 + –2=2–2+ +
7 7 7
6
=
7

1 5 6 6 6
27 + = 27 27 – 2 =
7 7
1 5 6
27 + –2=
7 7

3 1 1
3 – + =
10 5 2
3 1 1 3 1 ×2 1 ×5
– + = – +
10 5 2 10 5 × 2 2 × 5
3 2 5
= – +
10 10 10 1 5
=
6 ÷ 2 2 10
=
10 ÷ 2
3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
= 0
5 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10
1 2
=
3 1 1 3 5 10
– + =
10 5 2 5

Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Emphasise that the denominator must be of the same value before performing
HE
AC E S the addition or subtraction of fractions. 2.1.4
TE T
NO 81
• Emphasise that the answer must be in the simplest form or mixed number.
• Use semi-concrete materials or diagrams to solve questions.
 2 1
4 9 – 23 + =
4
Method 1 Method 2
2 1 3 2 1 2 1 9 8 1
9 – 23 + = 83 – 23 + 9 – 23 + = – +
4 4 4 1 3 4
1 1 9 × 12 8 × 4 1 × 3
3 and 4 = 63 + = – +
4 1 × 12 3 × 4 4 × 3
times tables
1 × 4 1 ×3 108 32 3
3 4 = 63 × 4 + = – +
4×3 12 12 12
6 8 3
4
9 12 = 6 12 + 79 6
12 =
12 16 12 12 7 9
7
= 6 12 7 – 7 2
= 6 12
7
2 1 7
9 – 2 3 + = 612
4

MIND 1
– + = 38
TEA
S ER

Based on the fraction cards

3 3 1
given, complete the number 32
8 4
sentence.

Calculate.
3 2 1 5 2 1
a + – = b – + =
7 7 7 9 9 9
1 2 1 1 1
c 54 – 13 + = d + 4 – 23 =
2 6
2 1 5 1
e 8 – 15 + = f 78 + 2 – 54 =
2
g 10 + 2 3 – 4 9 = 2
h 69 + 16 – 4 =
5
7 10
Saiz sebenar • Provide exercises to find the smallest common denominator to enhance pupils’
understanding.
HE
R’S • Encourage pupils to try out the cross multiplication method to find the common 2.1.4
AC E S
TE denominator.
82 NO
T

• Download additional exercises from https://m.k5learning.com/free-math-

worksheets/fifth-grade-5/word-problems/fractions-mixed-operations
 FRACTIONS OF A QUANTITY
1
1
I will put of the total
5
number of curry puffs
on each plate.
14 pieces

How many curry puffs are there on each plate?

‟of” denotes
Method 1 Method 2 ‟multiply”.

1 1 1
of 15 of 15 = × 15
5 5 5
1 × 15
=
5
15
=
5
=3

1
of 15 = 3 1
5 Dani ate of 15 curry puffs above.
3
There are 3 pieces of How many curry puffs were eaten?
curry puffs on each plate.

MIND 3
of marbles are blue. State the
4
TEA

possible number of blue marbles.

S ER

3
of =
4 Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Carry out simulation activities using objects and diagrams to enhance pupils’
HE
AC E S understanding and reinforce the concept of fractions of a quantity. 2.1.5
TE T
NO 83
 5
2 of 35 penganan were served to guests.
7
How many penganan were served?

CE
TS AT A GLAN
FAC
Penganan or penyaram
is a traditional cake of
the people in Sarawak
and Sabah.

5 2 5 5 5
penganan were served of 35 = × 35
7 7 7 7
1
=5×5
= 25
5
of 35 = 25
7
25 pieces of penganan were served.
1
3 1 5 of 20 =

Method 1 Method 2 1 1
15 = 1 +
5
1 6 4
1 5 × 20 = × 20 1
5 1 × 20 × 20
1 5
= 24
1 1 4
1 5 × 20 = 1 × 20 + × 20
5
1
= 20 + 4
= 24
1
1 5 of 20 = 24
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Enhance pupils’ understanding by using various fraction values and quantity
HE
AC E S values. 2.1.5
TE
84 NO
T
• Carry out online quiz, such as Kahoot. Encourage pupils to interact with friends
in their group.
 2
4 2 3 of 90 =

Method 1
2 8 30
2 3 × 90 = × 90
3
1
= 8 × 30 SCAN THIS
= 240
Method 2
1 1 2
× 90 = 30 2 23 23
3
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
0
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3

0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270

2
2 3 of 90 = 240

7
1 of 45 medals are gold. Calculate the number of gold medals.
9

4
2 1 of
5
100 marchers are boys.
How many boys are there?

3 Calculate.
5 7
a of 42 balloons b of 600 boxes
6 8
1 9
c 7 4 of 280 bottles of juice d 5 10 of 500 people
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Focus on the elimination method carried out by pupils.
HE
AC E S • Download extra exercises from https://m.k5learning.com/free-math-worksheets/ 2.1.5
TE T
NO 85
fifth-grade-5/fractions-multiplication-division/multiply-fractions-whole-number
 ADDITION OF DECIMALS
1 What is the total volume of water in
the two kettles?
1.8 ℓ 0.5 ℓ
1.8 ℓ + 0.5 ℓ = ℓ
Method 1 Method 2

Align the decimal points Start from 1.8,

in the same column. 2.4 move 5 steps
2.3 upwards.
ones tenths 0.1
2.2
0.1
1 2.1
1 8 0.1 2.0
+ 0 5 0.1 1.9
2 3 0.1
1.8

SCAN THIS
1.8 ℓ + 0.5 ℓ = 2.3 ℓ
The total volume of water in the two kettles is 2.3 ℓ.

2 Add all the masses of fruits.

4.207 kg 0.96 kg
1.3 kg

1.3 kg + 4.207 kg + 0.96 kg = kg

ones tenths
hundredths
thousandths
1
4 2 0 7 Add 0 as
1 3 0 0 placeholders.
+ 0 9 6 0
6 4 6 7

1.3 kg + 4.207 kg + 0.96 kg = 6.467 kg

Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Encourage pupils to arrange decimal numbers in the correct place value and
he 2.2.1
ac e s ensure the decimal points are aligned correctly.
Te n o t
86
• Discuss the decimal place value up to three decimal places.
• Remind pupils that addition of decimals is the same as addition of whole numbers.
 3 234 + 0.876 + 59.01 =
2 13 4 0 0 0 Discuss 1 10 12 13 4
these two
0 8 7 6 0 8 7 6
calculations.
+ 5 9 0 1 0 + 5 9 0 1 0
Which is
2 9 3 8 8 6 correct? 6 0 1 2 0

4 2.209 + = 7.103
Method 1 Method 2
A simple example.
9 4 1 0 9 1 2 8 1 2 4
1+2 =3
13 10 11 7 2 =3–1

1 1 1 10 9
2 2 0 9 6 0 10 13
+ 4 8 9 4 7 1 0 3
7 1 0 3 – 2 2 0 9
4 8 9 4
2.209+ 4.894 = 7.103

MIND
Complete the number sentence.
TEA
S ER

+ = 26.721

1 Calculate.
a 3.0 m + 1.9 m = m b 10.54 ℓ + 7.009 ℓ = ℓ
c 6.93 + 80.521 = d 36.584 + 6 + 0.732 =
e 0.645 + 29.1 + 917.08 = f 100 + 59.2 + 1.603 =
2 Complete the number sentences.
a 0.98 + = 6.735 b + 37.012 = 40.1
Saiz sebenar
• Reinforce pupils’ understanding by providing more exercises on addition of
r’s
he
ac e s decimals up to three decimal places. 2.2.1
Te n o t
• Surf https://www.mathsisfun.com/adding-decimals.html for enrichment exercises.
87
 SUBTRACTION OF DECIMALS
1

Thank you.
12.6 kg

2.5 kg

What is the mass of the unsold rambutans?

12.6 kg – 2.5 kg = kg
Method 1 Method 2

1 2 6 TIPS 10.1 10.6 11.6 12.6

The decimal
– 2 5 points must be
1 0 1 aligned. 10.0 11.0 12.0 13.0
– 0.5 – 1.0 – 1.0
12.6 kg – 2.5 kg = 10.1 kg
The mass of the unsold rambutans is 10.1 kg.
2 Calculate Kaswini’s height.
0.13 m 1.4 m – 0.13 m = m 7.918 – 3 =
7 . 91 8
3 10
1 4 0 place a 0 – 3
1.4 m
– 0 1 3 7.915
1 2 7 Discuss the
mistake.
1.4 m – 0.13 m = 1.27 m

Kaswini’s height is 1.27 m.

Kaswini
Saiz sebenar
• Number 0 needs to be written to equate the decimal places.
r’s • In pairs, ask pupils to measure their partner’s height and find the difference 2.2.2
he
ac e s
Te n o t
88 of their heights (in metre).
• Remind pupils that subtraction of decimals is the same as subtraction
of whole numbers.
 3 5 – 0.58 – 4.079 =
9 11
4 1010 3 1 10
5.00 4. 4 2 0
– 0.58 – 4. 0 7 9
4.42 0.3 4 1 SCAN THIS
5 – 0.58 – 4.079 = 0.341

4 34.8 – 12.45 – 0.619 = 5 19.8 – = 5.73

7 10 A simple example.
34. 8 0 3–2=1
– 12.45 3–1=2
1 13 4 10
22.3 50 7 10
– 0.6 1 9 1 9. 8 0
21 .73 1 – 5. 7 3
1 4. 0 7
34.8 – 12.45 – 0.619 = 21.731
19.8 – 14.07 = 5.73

1 Calculate.
a 2.3 g – 0.74 g = g b 10.58 seconds – 0.3 seconds = seconds
c 3.48 – 2.069 = d 496.984 – 70.56 =
e 539.217 – 486.05 = f 609.632 – 256.75 – 33.078 =
g 207.48 – 93 – 4.097 = h 54.04 – 8.62 – 0.67 =

2 Complete the number sentences.

a 8.7 – = 2.64 b 59.367 – = 28.074

Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Discuss with pupils the uses of decimal numbers in daily situations.
he
ac e s
2.2.2
Te n o t • Surf https://www.mathsisfun.com/subtracting-decimals.html for enrichment 89
exercises.
 MULTIPLICATION OF DECIMALS
1 Calculate the total volume of water in 3 similar bottles.

3 × 1.7 ℓ = ℓ Multiply the same way as

whole numbers. Place decimal
point at one decimal place.
2
1 7 1 decimal place
× 3
5 1 1 decimal place
1.7 ℓ
3 × 1.7 ℓ = 5.1 ℓ

The total volume of water in 3 similar bottles is 5.1 ℓ.

2 What is the total length, in cm,

My length
is 2.54 cm.
of 4 similar rubbers?
4 × 2.54 cm = cm
2 1
2 5 4 2 decimal places
× 4
2.54 cm 1 0 1 6 2 decimal places

4 × 2.54 cm = 10.16 cm
The total length of 4 similar rubbers is 10.16 cm.

3 73.082 × 6 =
7 3 0 8 2 × 3 decimal places
4 1 0 4 1
2 8 0 8 2 6

4 3 8 4 9 2 3 decimal places

73.082 × 6 = 438.492
Saiz sebenar • Guide pupils to estimate the answers by rounding off decimals to whole
numbers. For example, 3 × 1.7ℓ can be rounded off to 3 × 2 ℓ.
r’s
he
ac e s • If the pupils are using the lattice method, guide them to place the decimal 2.2.3
Te n o t
90 point correctly.
 4 A GLANCE Calculate the length of hair growth in
FACTS AT
the 10th month.
The length of hair 10 × 1.25 cm = cm
growth is about
1.25 cm a month. Method 1 Method 2

Source: https://en.wikipedia. 1 .25 10 × 1.25 = 12.5

org/wiki/Human_hair_growth × 1 0 TIPS
0 00 To multiply by 10, shift
When writing the + 12 50 the decimal point
answer, ignore 12.50 one place to the right
the number 0 because the value of
after number 5. the product increases.
10 × 1.25 cm = 12.5 cm
The length of hair growth in the
10th month is 12.5 cm.

5 100 × 7.342 = 6 10 × 0 . 9 5 6 = 9.56

7 . 3 4 2 × 100 = 734.2 100 × 0 . 9 5 6 = 95.6
1 000 × 0 . 9 5 6 =
100 × 7.342 = 734.2
Explain this multiplication
pattern. Complete it.

1 Multiply.
a 8 × 2.3 g = g b 4 × 0.6 cm = cm c 7 × 5.43 m = m
d 3 × 40.52 = e 5 × 0.231 = f 2 × 65.321 =
g 3.06 × 9 = h 317.26 × 4 = i 78.252 × 5 =

2 Quick multiplication.
a 10 × 8.34 = b 10 × 54.319 = c 100 × 0.075 =
d 2.087 × 100 = e 92.4 × 1 000 = f 8.006 × 1 000 =
Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Search for other facts, such as the growth of fingernails in a month and the
he 2.2.3
ac e s movement of the Moon around Earth in a month.
Te n o t
91
• Explain to pupils when to ignore the zero after the decimal point. For example,
12.50 (ignore the zero) and 12.05 (the zero cannot be eliminated).
 DIVISION OF DECIMALS
1 What is the volume of the juice in each glass?
1.5 ℓ ÷ 5 = ℓ Align the
decimal
0.3 point.
5 1.5
1.5 ℓ
–0
1 5
–1 5
0
1.5 ℓ ÷ 5 = 0.3 ℓ
Each glass contains 0.3 ℓ of juice.
2 What is the mass of one part of the cake?
2 kg of cake was cut
into 8 equal parts. 2 kg ÷ 8 = kg
0.25
8 2 . 0 0 Write two 0.
–0
2 0
–1 6
40
–40
0
2 kg ÷ 8 = 0.25 kg
The mass of one part of the cake is 0.25 kg.
3 63.72 ÷ 9 =
07 . 08 When writing the
9 6 3. 7 2 answer, ignore
–0 the number 0
63 before number 7.
–63
0 7
– 0
72 SCAN THIS
– 72
0 63.72 ÷ 9 = 7.08
Saiz sebenar • Emphasise that in division of decimals, the division must be completed until there is
r’s
no remainder.
he
ac e s
2.2.4
92 Te n o t • Remind pupils that division of decimals is the same as division of whole numbers.
• Surf https://www.mathsisfun.com/dividing-decimals.html to enhance pupils’
understanding on division of decimals.
 4 4.32 ÷ 10 =
Method 1 Method 2
0.432 4 . 3 2 ÷ 1 0 = 0.432
10 4 . 3 2 0
–0 To divide by 10, shift the
decimal point one place to
4 3 the left because the value
–4 0 of the quotient decreases.
32
– 30
20
–20
0
4.32 ÷ 10 = 0.432

5 657.8 ÷ 100 = 6 2 749 ÷ 1 000 =

657.8÷100=6.578 2 749 ÷ 10 = 274.9
Shift the decimal 2 749 ÷ 100 = 27.49
point two places to
the left. 2 749 ÷ 1 000 =

Look at the division

pattern above.
Complete it.
657.8 ÷ 100 = 6.578

1 Divide.
a 5.4 m ÷ 6 = m b 3 kg ÷ 5 = kg c 60.42 ℓ ÷ 4 = ℓ
d 87.5 ÷ 7 = e 0.036 ÷ 9 = f 20.028 ÷ 3 =
2 Quick division.
a 0.7 ÷ 10 = b 8.4 ÷ 10 = c 653.2 ÷ 100 =
d 45.3 ÷ 100 = e 9 ÷ 1 000 = f 873 ÷ 1 000 =
Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Guide pupils to place the decimal point at the correct decimal places when dividing
he 2.2.4
ac e s by 10, 100 and 1 000.
Te n o t
93
• Surf https://www.mathsisfun.com/dividing-decimals.html for enrichment activities.
 CONVERT FRACTIONS AND PERCENTAGES
1 State the percentage of the
chocolate doughnuts.
35 out of 100 is
100 doughnuts were
35 hundredths.
sold. 35 pieces were
chocolate doughnuts.
35 hundredths is
35
written as .
100
35
in percentage is 35%.
100
35
= 35%
100
The percentage of the chocolate
doughnuts is 35%.

2 What is the percentage of the blue squares?

24
24 out of 100 squares are blue. =
100
What is the percentage
of the white squares?

7
3 Write in percentage.
10
Method
Cara 1 1 Cara 2
Method 2

7 7
= × 100%
10 10
= 70%

7 7 × 10
=
10 10 × 10
70
=
100 7
= 70%
Saiz sebenar = 70% 10
• Use squared paper such as mathematics exercise book, grid paper, and graph
r’s
he
ac e s paper for the activity of converting fractions to percentages. 2.3.1
Te n o t
94 • Vary shading activities using MS Excel.
 4
4 Convert to percentage.
5
Method 1 Method 2

20
4 4
= × 100%
5 5
1
= 80%

4 4 × 20 80
=
5 5 × 20 100
MIND 1 2
= 80% Do and represent

TEA
5 10

S ER
4 an equal value of
= 80%
5 percentage? Show it.

5 State 63% in fraction of 6 Write 90% in the simplest fraction.

hundredths.
90% =

90
90% =
100

=
63
63%
=
100

7 Write 40% in the

simplest fraction.
40 ÷ 20 Complete these.
40% =
100 ÷ 20
Fraction 27 3 9
2
= 100 4 20
5
2 Percentage 19% 60% 85%
40% =
5 Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Surf https://www.mathsisfun.com/converting-fractions-percents.html to boost
he 2.3.1
ac e s pupils’ knowledge.
Te n o t
95
• Work in pairs. Pupil A writes a fraction and pupil B converts it to percentage.
Then, change roles.
 PERCENTAGES OF OBJECTS
1 What is the 2 Number of books read in a month.
percentage
of the red Name Number of books
hats? Vicknesh 14
Daren 11
Aimi 12
Sharon 13
Total 50
State the percentage of the books
read by Aimi.
3 out of 10 hats are red. Aimi read 12 out of 50 books.
3 12
The fraction of red hats is . Percentage =
10 50
3 × 10 12 × 2
Percentage of red hats = =
10 × 10 50 × 2

= 30 = 24
100 100
= 30% = 24%
The percentage of the red hats is 30% . The percentage of the books read
by Aimi is 24% .

50% of hats are grey. 35 out of 50 books are storybooks.

Discuss. Calculate the percentage.

3 What is the percentage of

8 vans out of 40 vehicles?
1
8 1 20 State the percentage of the
× 100% = × 100%
40 5 following objects.
5 1
a 8 red cubes out of 20 cubes.
= 20%
b 17 pieces of 50 sen coins
The percentage of 8 vans out of 25 pieces of coins.
out of 40 vehicles is 20% .
Saiz sebenar
• Ask pupils to collect data from daily situations such as number of teachers
r’s
he
ac e s wearing spectacles and number of left-handed pupils. Then, find the 2.3.2
Te n o t
96 percentages.
 SOLVE THE PROBLEMS
Week Mass (kg)
1 Santesh, Swee Lan, and Rokiah collected 1
recycled materials. The table shows the Week 1 2
2
mass of their collection for three weeks.
What is the total mass of the collected materials? Week 2 4

1
Understand the problem Week 3 3
5
1
Week 1 2 kg
2
Plan the strategy
Week 2 4 kg ?
1 1 1
Week 3 3 kg 2 4 3
5 2 5
Calculate the total mass.

Solve
1 1 Check
2 kg + 4 kg + 3 kg = kg
2 5 7 1
9 –3 –4
1 1 10 5
2 +4+3 7 1×2
2 5 = 9 –3 –4
1 10 5×2
=2+4+3+ + 1
2 5 7 2
1×5 1×2 =9 –3 –4
=9+ + 10 10
2×5 5×2 5÷5
5 2 =2
=9+ + 10 ÷ 5
10 10
1
7 =2
=9 2
10

1 1 7
2 kg + 4 kg + 3 kg = 9 kg
2 5 10

7
The total mass of the collected materials is kg.
9
10
Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Guide pupils to determine the operation to solve the problems by identifying
he 2.4.1
ac e s important information and keywords.
Te n o t
”
97
• Vary the questions such as What is the difference between the most and
the least mass?”.
 3
2 The total number of members of the Science Club is 140. of the
1 7
members are Year 4 pupils. Another of the members are Year 5 pupils.
2
Calculate the difference between the number of Year 4 and Year 5 pupils.

Understand the problem Present the

Member Number/fraction information in a table.
Total 140
Year 3
of 140 Plan the strategy
4 pupils 7
3
Year 1 × 140 =
of 140 7
5 pupils 2
Find the difference between the 1
× 140 =
number of Year 4 and Year 5 pupils. 2

Solve
Check
Year 4 pupils 3 20
× 140 = 60 Year 4 pupils Year 5 pupils
7 3
1 1
1 70 7 10 10 2
Year 5 pupils × 140 = 70
2
1 20 20 20 20 20 20 20
difference 70 – 60 = 10 60 70

The difference in
number between Year 4 70 – 60 = 10
and Year 5 pupils

The difference between the number

of Year 4 and Year 5 pupils is 10.

How many members are not

Year 4 and Year 5 pupils?
Saiz sebenar
r’s
• In groups, ask pupils to solve the situations above if the total number of
he
ac e s
2.4.1
Te n o t members is 210.
98
 3 Three balloon cars were built from Name of car Distance covered
waste materials. The table shows Einstein 2.15 m
the distance covered by each car. 1.15 m more
Pythagoras
What is the difference in distance than Newton
covered by Pythagoras car and 3.1 m
Newton
Einstein car?

Given Distance covered: Find Difference in

Newton 3.1 m distance covered
Pythagoras 1.15 m more by Pythagoras
than Newton car car and Einstein
Einstein 2.15 m car.

Draw a
diagram. Newton 3.1 m
Pythagoras 3.1 m 1.15 m
Einstein 2.15 m difference

Operation Add and subtract

Solve 3.1 m + 1.15 m – 2.15 m = m

3. 1 0 4. 2 5 Check 2. 10 4. 25
+ 1.1 5 – 2.1 5 + 2. 15 – 1 .1 5
4.25 2. 1 0 4 . 25 3.1 0

3.1 m + 1.15 m – 2.15 m = 2.1 m

The difference in distance covered by Pythagoras car

and Einstein car is 2.1 m.

Calculate the difference in distance covered

by Newton car and Einstein car.
Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Ask pupils to collect data on sports events such as the long jump in 2019 SEA Games.
he 2.4.1
ac e s Then, find the difference in distance between the farthest jump and the shortest jump.
Te n o t
99
Solve problems based on the data.
 4 In conjuction with Sports Day, Green House needs
to prepare 8 pieces of flags of equal size.
The total length of cloth needed is 14.96 m.
What is the length of cloth for each flag?
14.96 m
Draw a
diagram.
?m
Solve 14.96 m ÷ 8 = m
1.8 7
8 1 4. 9 6 Check 6 5
– 8 1. 8 7
6 9 × 8
–6 4 1 4. 9 6
56
– 5 6
0
14.96 m ÷ 8 = 1.87 m
The length of cloth for each flag is 1.87 m.

5 The Mathematics Club received a fund

collection of RM280. RM70 was used to buy
things for the mathematics garden. Calculate
the percentage of money spent.

Solve
Underline
70
the important × 100% = Check
information. 280 25
25% × 280 = × 280
1 100
25
70
× 100% = 25% 700
280 =
4 10
1 70 = 70
× 100% = 25%
280
Saiz sebenar The percentage of money spent was 25%.
• Train pupils to determine the percentages of their test marks or quizzes.
r’s
he
ac e s
2.4.1
Te n o t
100
 Complete the Time Recorded for Treasure Hunt Competition
1
table. Which Team Challenge Challenge Total
team won? A B time
1 1
Ibnu Sina 1 hours 2 hours
6 3
2 4
Ibnu Khaldun 1 hours 2 hours
3 5

2 Pauline gets RM6 for her pocket

money from her father every day.
2
She spends of the money.
3
The balance is saved in
a money box.
a
a How much money does she spend
every day?
b
b Does her savings exceed RM8 after
5 days?

3 Gawing goes to school every day.

Gambit was absent on Thursday. Gambitʼs house
2.3 km 0.7 km
a Total up the distance they both
a
travelled in a day. School
0.4 km
b
b Calculate the difference in
0.52 km
distance travelled by Gawing
and Gambit for that week. 2.2 km

Gawingʼs house
4 Read the sentences below.
Kelvin gets 48 out of 60 marks in the Environmental Quiz.
Dina gets 24 out of 32 marks in the Road Safety Quiz.
Prem Singh gets 81 out of 90 marks in the Flora and Fauna Quiz.
Who has the highest percentage of marks?
Show the calculations. Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Provide various levels of problem solving questions regarding fractions, decimals,
he 2.4.1
ac e s and percentages.
Te n o t
• Ask pupils to solve the problems in groups to enhance their understanding.
101
Present the answers.
 RIID
DR DDD
ND
IN

L
E
M

Complete the following cross-number puzzle.

A F H

C G

penang bridge hutan rekreasi ikon

D I

E
train bukit bendera muzium perang

batu feringgi beach lapangan terbang

J
teluk bahang pusat rekreasi

ACROSS
A 2.48 + 36.7 = B 2 143 ÷ 1 000 =
C 463.4 + 176.803 = D 100 × 5.074 =

E 9.03 + 12.4 + 63.009 = J + 0.76 = 18.254

DOWN
A 31.8 ÷ 10 = D 80 – 25.69 =

F 26.7 – 8.093 = G 10 × 31.62 =

H 94.32 + 103.4 + 32.299 = I 94.32 – = 53.05

Saiz sebenar
• In pairs, ask pupils to complete the cross-number puzzle.
r’s
he
ac e s • Instil cooperation and meticulousness when performing calculation. 2.2
Te n o t
102
 MIND CHALLENGE
1 Convert improper fractions to mixed numbers.
12 14 29 15 20 35
a b c d e f
5 9 7 4 3 8
2 Convert mixed numbers to improper fractions.
2 4 3 3 1 1
a 1 b 3 c 5 d 6 e 10 f 55
7 9 8 10 3 2

3 Calculate.
4 1 3 5
a + = b + =
9 9 4 6
1 3 + 1 =
c 1 + 1 = d 4+ 1
3 4 5 2
4 2 5 1
+ = 4
5
e 3 + 1 + = f 2
7 3 7 6 6
4 Solve these.
7 3 5
a – = b 4– =
8 8 7
4 2
– 3– 1 =
– 2 = 2
c 3 d 5
5 3 9 3

= 4
5 1 1 7
e 6 – 3 – 1 = f 3 –
6 2 3 9 9
5 What is the value of ?
1 3 1 3
a 2 + =3 b –4 =2
5 5 8 4
6 Calculate.
2 1 3 6
a 8 + – 5= b 4 – +1=
3 3 7 7
1 1 1
c 3– 2 +1 3 = d 6 –2+ =
10 5 6 2
7 Calculate.
a 7 of 50 m b 8 of 81 kg c 1 3 of 96 ℓ
10 9 4 Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Ask pupils to solve the questions using various calculations. 2.1
he
ac e s • Ask pupils to check their answers in pairs.
Te n o t
103
 8 Complete these.
a 2.5 + 6.09 = b 0.8 + 24.93 + 167.253 =
c 50 + 6.008 + 90.32 = d 42.6 + = 71.4

9 Given K = 4.2, L = 10.83 and M = 6.278. Find:

a L–K b M – K c L – M – K d M – = K

10 Find the product.

a 8 × 1.07 = b 7 × 99.6 = c 9 × 14.362 =
d 10 × 63.08 = e 100 × 1.942 = f 1 000 × 52.73 =

11 Solve these.
a 41.6 ÷ 8 = b 930.78 ÷ 9 = c 15.28 ÷ 10 =
d 342 ÷ 100 = e 603 ÷ 1 000 =

12 Convert fractions to percentages or vice versa.

4 19 18
a b c d 7% e 68% f 93%
5 20 25
13 Determine the following percentages.
a 53 out of 100 b 15 out of 50 c 24 out of 80

14 Solve the problems.

3
a Hamimah used 5 ℓ of mineral water, ℓ of syrup, and
1 5
ℓ of roselle extract to make roselle juice. Does the total volume
10
exceed 6ℓ?
b Fong’s father has a rope of 10 m long. He used 2.85 m to tie books
and 3.12 m to tie used goods.
i What is the length of rope left?
ii Calculate the difference between the length of rope used to tie
the books and the used goods.
Saiz sebenar
• Ask pupils to solve problems in small groups.
r’s
he 2.2-2.4
ac e s
Te n o t • Ask pupils to present their calculations.
104
 3 MONEY

ADDITION OF MONEY
Wow! This is great, father!
Let’s go to Disneyland! TRAVEL PACKAGE
eA 0 B 8
ag 7 80 0 ge 8
c k 6 c ka 7 2 00
Pa : R M 5 4 a
P R 51 M
:
u lt RM ult RM
Ad ild: Ad ild:
Ch Ch

We’ll choose package A. That’s right,

The cost for an adult is Rani.
Our dream 7 days 6 nights
RM7 800 and it is
Tohoku (Maple Leaf)/ 6 days 5 nights
RM5 460 for a child. holiday will
Niko/Tokyo (Disneyland) Kyushu Discovery Tour
We must plan our come true.
budget earlier.
1 What is the total cost of package A for two adults and a child?
RM7 800 + RM7 800 + RM5 460 =
2
RM 7 8 0 0
RM 7 8 0 0
+ RM 5 4 6 0
RM 2 1 0 6 0

RM7 800 + RM7 800 + RM5 460 = RM21 060

The total cost of package A for two adults and a child is RM21 060.

Their neighbours, Encik Isa

and Puan Azila went for
a holiday in Kyushu.
How much did they pay?
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Ask pupils to share their holiday experiences in the country or abroad.
HE
AC E S • For the activities of addition of values of money, ask pupils to gather information 3.1.1
TE T
NO 105
on the cost of tour packages from brochures or the Internet.
• Emphasise that the RM symbol must be written in their answers.
 2 The table shows the amount of money in the accounts of
Watson’s parents.
Account Watson's Mother Watson's Father
Salary RM4 857 RM6 932.86
Savings RM23 156.75 RM48 900
Trust Fund – RM10 973.42

a How much money does Watson’s mother have?

RM23 156.75 + RM4 857 =
1 1 1 Write 0 to
RM 2 3 1 5 6 . 7 5 complete the
+ RM 4 8 5 7 . 0 0 sen value.
RM 2 8 0 1 3 . 7 5

RM23 156.75 + RM4 857 = RM28 013.75

Watson’s mother has RM28 013.75 altogether.

b Total up the money of Watson’s father.

RM6 932.86 + RM48 900 + RM10 973.42 =
Estimate the answer to the nearest thousand ringgit.
Calculate the
actual answer.
RM6 932.86 RM7 000 1 2 1 1
RM48 900 RM49 000 RM 6 9 3 2 . 8 6
RM10 973.42 RM11 000 RM 4 8 9 0 0 . 0 0
+ RM 1 0 9 7 3 . 4 2
1
RM 7 0 0 0 RM 6 6 8 0 6 . 2 8
RM 4 9 0 0 0
+ RM 1 1 0 0 0 RM66 806.28 is nearer
to RM67 000.
RM 6 7 0 0 0
The answer is reasonable.

RM6 932.86 + RM48 900 + RM10 973.42 = RM66 806.28

Watson’s father has RM66 806.28 altogether.
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Stress on how to make estimations.
HE
AC E S • Instil moral values on savings, being thrifty, and managing money wisely. 3.1.1
TE
106 NO
T
 3 RM23 486.50 + = RM67 392.80

Relate addition
to subtraction. 6 13 8 12
RM 6 7 3 9 2 . 8 0
– RM 2 3 4 8 6 . 5 0
4 + 5 = 9 RM 4 3 9 0 6 . 3 0
5 = 9 – 4

RM23 486.50 + RM43 906.30 = RM67 392.80

MIND A trip to which three countries will cost a total of RM16 870?
TEA

C A AN D M F TH E U N A
TAIW N CHINA
RI TO
S ER
SOUTH AF

IT
ST COAS
AU

ED
RITIUS

STATE
WE

RM RM RM RM
11 0 9 0 11 8 9 0 2 3 90 2 5 90

1 Add.
a RM2 017 + RM14 842 =
b RM37 229 + RM42 143.35 =
c RM4 861.60 + RM52 364.50 + RM8 625 =
d = RM9 699 + RM37 540.05 + RM15 000.85
2 Solve these.
a RM36 405.20 + = RM75 918.90
b + RM636.50 + RM36 104.35 = RM98 700
3 a Total up RM5 384, RM37 109.60 and RM864.70.
b How much more needs to be added to RM27 236.20 and RM4 083.75
to become RM49 870?
• Discuss rounding off ringgit and sen values to the nearest ringgit from transactions Saiz sebenar
in daily situations such as from bills and receipts.
R’S • Use play money, number lines, and mental calculations to carry out addition of
HE
AC E S
3.1.1
TE
NO
T values of money. 107
• Remind pupils that adding values of money involving unknowns is the same
as adding numbers involving unknowns.
 SUBTRACTION OF MONEY
Perodua Alza 1.5
1 How much less is the price SE Auto
RM56 600
of Perodua Alza compared
to Perodua Aruz? Perodua Aruz 1.5
SE Auto
RM77 200 – RM56 600 = RM77 200

6 12
Perodua Bezza 1.3
RM 7 7 2 0 0 RM41 890
– RM 5 6 6 0 0
RM 2 0 6 0 0
What is the difference
RM77 200 – RM56 600 = RM20 600 in price between
The price of Perodua Alza is RM20 600 Perodua Bezza and
less than the price of Perodua Aruz. Perodua Alza?

2 Allocation for charity

RM85 000

Contribution Restoration Financial aid for

to school of orphanage underprivileged pupils
RM35 500 RM30 287.95

How much financial aid is given to underprivileged pupils?

RM85 000 – RM35 500 – RM30 287.95 =
14
7 4 10 4 9 9 10 0
RM 8 5 0 0 0 RM 4 9 5 0 0 . 0 0
– RM 3 5 5 0 0 – RM 3 0 2 8 7 . 9 5
RM 4 9 5 0 0 RM 1 9 2 1 2 . 0 5

RM85 000 – RM35 500 – RM30 287.95 = RM19 212.05

RM19 212.05 is given to underprivileged pupils.
Saiz sebenar • Emphasise that RM1 is equal to 100 sen when regrouped to sen. Remind pupils
to put the RM symbol in the answer.
R’S
AC
HE
S • Use daily situations such as expenses, donations, and zakat to carry out 3.1.2
TE O TE
108 N
subtraction up to three values of money.
• Instil patriotism using examples of local products.
 3 RM68 476 – = RM23 936.30
A simple example.
RM68 476 – RM23 936.30 = 8 – 3 = 5
15 8 – 5 = 3
7 14 6 5 100
RM 6 8 4 7 6 . 0 0
– RM 2 3 9 3 6 . 3 0
RM 4 4 5 3 9 . 7 0
SCAN THIS

RM68 476 – RM44 539.70 = RM23 936.30

MIND
RM49 273 – RM5 881.60 = – RM20 478.19
TEA
S ER

What is the value represented by ?

1 Subtract.
a RM64 820 – RM3 715 =
b RM94 786.75 – RM51 236.25 =
c RM65 189 – RM13 687.25 =
d RM76 200.65 – RM5 100 – RM23 003.20 =
e = RM98 000 – RM574.85 – RM24 395.75
f RM58 835.80 – = RM12 758.95
2 a Calculate the difference between RM17 492.05 and RM24 875.
b What is the number that should subtract RM12 287 in order to get
RM20 000?
3 Solve these. Then, M RM70 000 – RM6 231.85 =
arrange the answers T RM50 000 – RM15 000 – RM25 000 =
in descending order.
A RM86 325.75 – RM49 631.20 – RM7 400 =
Write the letters
according to the R RM58 506.10 – RM37 429 =
answer sequence. S – RM3 348 – RM74 829.15 = RM306.60
What is the word formed? Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Carry out pairwork activities where pupils construct questions on subtraction
HE
AC E S up to two to three values of money to be solved by their partners. 3.1.2
TE T
NO 109
 ADDITION AND SUBTRACTION OF MONEY
1
BADARIAH'S
BATIK TRADING

account balance account balance

RM45 180 RM23 596.30 money invested BUY MALAYSIA PRODUCTS

in batik trading
RM60 849.70
MADE IN MALAYSIA
THE SMARTEST CHOICE

What is the balance of Puan Badariah’s money after the investment

in batik trading?
RM45 180 + RM23 596.30 – RM60 849.70 =
15
1 7 17 6 5 13
RM 4 5 1 8 0 . 0 0 RM 6 8 7 7 6 . 3 0
+ RM 2 3 5 9 6 . 3 0 – RM 6 0 8 4 9 . 7 0
RM 6 8 7 7 6 . 3 0 RM 7 9 2 6 . 6 0

RM45 180 + RM23 596.30 – RM60 849.70 = RM7 926.60

The balance of Puan Badariah’s money is RM7 926.60.

2 RM66 258 – RM907.45 + RM8 138.20 =

5 12 7 100 1
RM 6 6 2 5 8 . 0 0 RM 6 5 3 5 0 . 5 5
– RM 9 0 7 . 4 5 + RM 8 1 3 8 . 2 0
RM 6 5 3 5 0 . 5 5 RM 7 3 4 8 8 . 7 5

RM66 258 – RM907.45 + RM8 138.20 = RM73 488.75

Calculate RM8 138.20 – RM907.45 + RM66 258.

Are the answers the same?
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Emphasise that the operations must be solved one by one by working from
HE
AC E S left to right to avoid mistakes. 3.2.1
TE
110 NO
T
 3 RM24 332.60 + RM36 780.90 – = RM18 570.45
Method 1
I use numbers with small value
to write a number sentence to be solved.
10 10
1 1 1 1 5 0 0 11 4 10
6 + 4 – 8 = 2 RM 2 4 3 3 2 . 6 0 RM 6 1 1 1 3 . 5 0
10 – 8 = 2 + RM 3 6 7 8 0 . 9 0 – RM 1 8 5 7 0 . 4 5
10 – 2 = 8 RM 6 1 1 1 3 . 5 0 RM 4 2 5 4 3 . 0 5
Method 2 Step 1 Step 2

RM24 332.60 + RM36 780.90 – RM42 543.05 = RM18 570.45

MIND Arrange all the following cards to form a correct

TEA

number sentence.
S ER

RM4 865 RM7 000 + – RM2 312 RM9 553 =

1 Calculate.
a RM6 257 + RM4 631 – RM3 812 =
b RM75 930 – RM48 210.63 + RM26 970 =
c RM23 456.95 + RM73 410 – RM30 000.65 =
d = RM71 700 – RM8 346.10 + RM2 294.18
e RM65 598.20 + RM14 890 – = RM36 432.90
2 Solve these.
a Deduct RM2 378 from the sum of RM16 289 and RM7 015.
b How much needs to be deducted from RM42 198.50 and RM8 633
to become RM27 714.50? Saiz sebenar
R’S
• In pairs, ask pupils to prepare questions and share with other pairs. Surf https://thinking
HE
AC E S pathwayz.weebly.com/giveonegetone.html to carry out ”give one, get one” activity. 3.2.1
TE T
NO
• Carry out activities on subtraction of values of money using MS Excel software 111
to encourage the use of ICT.
 MULTIPLICATION OF MONEY
1 Each of us receives a financial aid of RM2 800.

a What is the total amount of financial aid received by the 5 pupils above?
5 × RM2 800 = Find the combination,
Method 2 multiply, and then add
Method 1 the products together.
RM2 800
4
RM 2 8 0 0 RM2 000 RM800
× 5
5 × RM2 000 = RM10 000
RM 1 4 0 0 0 5 × RM800 = RM4 000
RM10 000 + RM4 000 = RM14 000
5 × RM2 800 = RM14 000
The total amount of financial aid is RM14 000.
b 34 pupils receive the same amount of financial aid as above.
Calculate the total amount of financial aid.
34 × RM2 800 =
Method 1 2 Method 2 2 8 0 0 ×
3
0 12 0 0
RM 2 8 0 0 3
× 3 4 0 6 4 0 0
0 3 0 0 4
1 1 2 0 0
9 8 2 0 0
+ 8 4 0 0 0 5 2 0 0
RM 9 5 2 0 0 34 × RM2 800 = RM95 200
34 × RM2 800 = RM95 200
Saiz sebenarThe total amount of financial aid is RM95 200.
R’S
• Carry out simulation activities to enhance pupils’ understanding in multiplying
HE
AC E S values of money involving one digit and two digits. 3.1.3
TE
112 NO
T
• Use various methods of calculation such as partitioning and repeated addition.
• Remind pupils that multiplication of values of money is the same as addition of numbers.
 2 What is the total cost for 10 exercise bikes?
Sihat Exercise 10 × RM5 095.30 =
Equipment
Centre Method 1
Exercise bike RM 5 0 9 5 . 3 0
RM5 095.30 × 1 0
RM 5 0 9 5 3 . 0 0
TIPS
Method 2 Shift the point one
place to the right
10 × RM5 095.30 = RM50 953 if multiplied by 10.

10 × RM5 095.30 = RM50 953

The total cost for 10 exercise bikes is RM50 953.

3 19 × RM864.70 =

Method 1 Method 2
5 4 6 20 × RM864.70 =
RM 8 6 4 . 7 0 19 = 20 – 1
1 × RM864.70 =
1 9
×
1 1 1 13
1 1 6 12 8 3 100
7 7 8 2 3 0 RM 8 6 4 . 7 0 RM 1 7 2 9 4 . 0 0
+ 8 6 4 7 0 0 × 2 0 – RM 8 6 4 . 7 0
RM 1 6 4 2 9 . 3 0 RM 1 7 2 9 4 . 0 0 RM 1 6 4 2 9 . 3 0

19 × RM864.70 = RM16 429.30

1 Calculate.
a 10 × RM433 = b 10 × RM6 578.60 =
c 2 × RM14 243 = d 9 × RM3 192.85 =
e 18 × RM967.15 = f 65 × RM437.20 =
2 Calculate the cost of 23 drones.
Drone RM2 900
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Surf for online merchandise and carry out activities on multiplication of values
HE
AC E S of money. 3.1.3
TE T
NO
• Provide questions on multiplication of values of money involving unknowns 113
and guide pupils to solve them. For example, 8 × RM = RM5 200.
 OFFICIAL RECE
IPT
DIVISION OF MONEY Wawasan Bicycle
No. 55, Jalan Zam
Supplier
rud, Taman Ria,
75450 Ayer Keroh,
1 Based on the receipt, what is the Melaka.
Tel. : 06-5002164
cost of an electric bicycle?
Date: 7.4.2019
Received from
RM19 192 ÷ 8 = : Jaya Bicycle Club
Ringgit Malaysia
: Nineteen Thou
RM 2 3 9 9 Hundred and
sand One
Ninety Two
8 RM 1 9 1 9 2 Payment for
: 8 units of electr
ic bicycles
– 1 6
RM19 192
3 1 Cash/Cheque no …………..………
.: BP 56987
– 2 4 Manager
7 9
– 7 2
7 2
– 7 2 RM19 192 ÷ 8 = RM2 399
0 The cost of an electric bicycle is RM2 399.

2 RM10 907.50 ÷ 10 = TIPS

Shift the point one
RM10 907.50 ÷ 10 = RM1 090.75 place to the left if
divided by 10.
RM10 907.50 ÷ 10 = RM1 090.75

3 RM38 000 ÷ 40 = 4 RM29 063 ÷ 5 =

RM 9 5 0 RM 5 8 1 2 . 6 0
40
RM 3 8 0 0 0 5 RM 2 9 0 6 3 . 0 0
– 3 6 0 – 2 5
2 0 0 4 0
– 2 0 0 – 4 0
0 0 0 6
– 0 – 5
0 1 3
– 1 0
RM38 000 ÷ 40 = RM950
3 0
– 3 0
Calculate mentally 0 0
RM38 000 ÷ 20. – 0
0
Saiz sebenar RM29 063 ÷ 5 = RM5 812.60
R’S
• Use various situations such as donations, financial aid, and purchases of goods
HE
AC E S to solve division number sentences. 3.1.4
TE
114 NO
T
 5 RM70 213 ÷ 52 =
Calculate the
Estimate the answer Construct actual answer
RM70 213 RM70 000 52 times table.
RM 1 3 5 0 . 2 5
52 50 5 2 52 52 RM 7 0 2 1 3 . 0 0
RM 1 4 0 0 5 02 52 – 5 2
5 RM 7 0 0 0 10 04 104 1 8 2
– 5 15 06 156 – 1 5 6
2 0 20 08 208 2 6 1
– 2 0 25 10 260 – 2 6 0
0 0 30 12 312 1 3
– 0 35 14 364 – 0
0 0 40 16 416 1 3 0
– 0 45 18 468 – 1 0 4
0 2 6 0
– 2 6 0
RM1 350.25 is nearer to RM1 400. 0
The answer is reasonable.

RM70 213 ÷ 52 = RM1 350.25

1 Divide.
a RM13 926.50 ÷ 10 = b RM84 235 ÷ 10 =
c RM8 464 ÷ 4 = d RM34 572 ÷ 8 =
e RM84 332.15 ÷ 7 = f RM95 736 ÷ 80 =
g RM17 216.40 ÷ 12 = h RM89 328.75 ÷ 75 =

2 What is the price of an 3 How much is

archery set? the monthly
instalment?

ets The total

Price of 40 s instalment for 12
RM33 20 0
months is RM7 020
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Pupils solve operations of division in groups and move around to check the
HE
AC E S calculations and answers of other groups. 3.1.4
TE T
NO 115
• Provide questions on division of values of money involving unknowns and guide
pupils to solve them. For example, RM ÷ 6 = RM2 050.
 MULTIPLICATION AND DIVISION OF MONEY
1 A school orders 9 sets of science
kits. Payment will be made twice.

1 set
RM780

What is the amount of each

payment?

9 × RM780 ÷ 2 =
RM 3 5 1 0
7
RM 7 8 0 2
RM 7 0 2 0
× 9 – 6
1 0
RM 7 0 2 0
– 1 0
0 2
– 2
9 × RM780 ÷ 2 = RM3 510 0 0
– 0
The amount of each payment
0
is RM3 510.

2 60 tablets cost RM54 000. What

is the cost of 15 similar tablets?
RM54 000 ÷ 60 × 15 =
900
RM54 000 × 15 = RM13 500
60
1

RM54 000 ÷ 60 × 15 = RM13 500

The cost of 15 similar tablets is RM13 500.
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Use other calculation strategies like estimation and partition to multiply and
HE
AC E S divide values of money. 3.2.2
TE
116 NO
T
 3 35 × RM2 094.75 ÷ 7 = RM 1 0 4 7 3 . 7 5
7
RM 7 3 3 1 6 . 2 5
2 1 2 1 – 7
4 23 2
RM 2 0 9 4 . 7 5 0 3
3 5
× – 0
1 1 1 3 3
1 0 4 7 3 7 5 – 2 8
+ 6 2 8 4 2 5 0 5 1
RM 7 3 3 1 6 . 2 5 – 4 9
26
Try other methods – 2 1
to multiply. 5 2
– 4 9
3 5
– 3 5
35 × RM2 094.75 ÷ 7 = RM10 473.75 0

4 The following shows calculations by two pupils to solve RM20 000

divided by 5 multiplied by 8.

4 000
RM20 000
× 8 = RM4 000 × 8
5 RM20 000 ÷ 5 × 8
1
= RM20 000 ÷ 40
RM 4 0 0 0
× = RM500
8
Paul Lucy
RM 3 2 0 0 0

Who calculated correctly? Why?

Calculate.
a 9 × RM4 000 ÷ 2 = b RM7 000 ÷ 4 × 5 =
c RM13 889.70 ÷ 11 × 2 = d 36 × RM234.85 ÷ 4 =
e RM9 506 ÷ 10 × 80 = f RM33 300 ÷ 48 × 9 =
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Discuss the common mistakes made by pupils in multiplication and division
HE
AC E S of values of money as shown in example 4 to reinforce pupils’ understanding. 3.2.2
TE T
NO 117
 MANAGE MONEY WISELY
1 a

Zali, you need to be

RM135 thrifty. Save more
Such a beautiful
chess set. I wish and spend less.
to buy it one day.

b Daily budget - Week 1 of July

Day Money received Savings Expense
Monday Pocket money RM4.00 RM3.80 Nasi lemak RM1.20
From mother RM2.00 Exercise book RM1.00
Tuesday Pocket money RM4.00 RM2.80 Roti canai RM1.20 I prepare a
daily, weekly,
Wednesday Pocket money RM4.00 RM2.50 Sandwich RM1.50 and monthly
Thursday Pocket money RM4.00 RM3.50 Noodle soup RM3.00 budget
From brother RM4.00 Stationery RM1.50 from July to
Friday Pocket money RM4.00 RM1.50 Curry puff RM0.80 October.
Donation RM1.70
Total per week RM26.00 RM14.10 RM11.90

Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Explain the importance and benefits of making a budget to manage money
he 3.3.1
ac e s systematically in order to achieve a target. Encourage habits of saving money
Te n o t
118 3.3.2
and utilising free time to earn extra money such as by washing cars.
 c
Weekly Budget - July
Week Money Savings Expense
received
First RM26.00 RM14.10 RM11.90
Second RM20.00 RM10.00 RM10.00
Third RM25.00 RM14.50 RM10.50
Fourth RM22.00 RM12.00 RM10.00
Total RM93.00 RM50.60 RM42.40

d Monthly Savings Table I have collected

Good job,
Month Savings Notes enough money to
Zali!
buy a chess set.
July RM50.60
August RM40.50
September RM41.85
October RM47.00
Total RM179.95

Set a target. Record your savings and expenses

to achieve the target.
Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Guide pupils to record their daily income and expenses in their pocket money
he 3.3.1
ac e s book and keep a weekly and monthly financial record.
Te n o t
3.3.2 119
• Provide tasks to train pupils in preparing weekly and monthly budget in groups.
Ask them to present their work and discuss.
 2

Save money
Avoid debt Importance of for the future
keeping records
of savings and
expenses

Control Prioritise
excessive needs
spending

3
How do you save
money? I save my pocket
money.
Ways
to Save
Money

Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Carry out an in-depth discussion on the importance of keeping records of savings
he
ac e s
3.3.3
120 Te n o t and expenses, and ways to save money.
• Surf http://www.fomca.org.my/v1/index.php/fomca-di-pentas-media/fomca-di-
pentas-media-2016/59-membantu-pelajar-merancang-kewangan
 FUN EXPLORATION  

Nabila wishes to buy Kamus Dewan. Help Nabila to

plan a budget using MS Excel so that she can buy
the dictionary.
Tools/ Question cards (Nabila’s savings and RM29.90
Materials expenses) and MS Excel software.
Date Money received Expense
06.06.2020 Duit raya RM25.00
10.06.2020 Pocket money RM6.00
Scan the following
Nasi lemak RM1.50
QR Code to learn
13.06.2020 Pocket money RM6.00 Roti canai RM1.20
the steps of
17.06.2020 Pocket money RM6.00 Curry mee RM1.50
Bread and milk
preparing a budget
28.06.2020 Pocket money RM6.00 RM2.00
Roti jala RM2.00
in MS Excel.
29.06.2020 Pocket money RM6.00

SCAN THIS

Karl’s Budget
1 Karl wants to buy Money received Expense
a pencil case which Pocket money RM5.00 Curry puff and cake RM2.00
costs RM12. Pocket money RM5.00 Nasi lemak RM2.00
a Is Karl’s total Drawing paper RM1.00
expenses equal Pocket money RM5.00 Tose RM2.00
to his total income? From brother RM10.00 Stationery RM5.00
Pocket money RM5.00 Roti canai RM2.00
b Does Karl have Pocket money RM5.00 Steamed bun RM2.00
enough money to Earned from RM15.00 Toy RM5.00
buy the pencil case? washing cars
Total
2 State two importance of keeping records of savings and expenses.
3 List ways to save money.
Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Guide pupils to identify and keeping records of savings and expenses using
he 3.3.1
ac e s MS Excel in the Fun Exploration activity.
Te n o t
3.3.2 121
• Instil values of being thrifty and spending money wisely. 3.3.3
 MAKE WISE DECISIONS
I want to do high jump
1 a training. This branded
Zura’s Wishes for August
pair of sports shoes will
Needs Wants be comfortable and
Rice Biryani rice durable.
School shoes Branded sports shoes
Zura’s priority is to buy
a branded pair of sports shoes.

I am estimating the price of a branded pair

of sports shoes to be RM120. I have
RM60 as savings. I must try to save
money before August.

b
Price of Cash in Money The amount Duration Ways to earn
sports hand needed needed to to extra money
shoes be saved achieve
monthly

1. Selling kuih
RM120 RM60 RM60 RM30 2 months 2. Washing cars
3. Selling used items

c
Date Money earned Spent Balance
19.05 Cash in hand RM60.00 None RM0.00 RM60.00
26.05 Selling kuih RM8.00 None RM0.00 RM68.00
02.06 None RM0.00 Stationery RM15.00 RM53.00
16.06 Washing cars RM40.00 None RM0.00 RM93.00
21.07 Selling used items RM50.00 Donation RM5.00 RM138.00

Will Zura manage to buy the branded sports shoes?

Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Each group of pupils is given different situations to discuss. Pupils then make
he
ac e s
3.4.1
122 Te n o t financial decisions and justify the decisions made. 3.4.2
3.4.3
 2 The jamboree fee is RM90. Lee needs to earn extra money to join
I only have RM60 in my the Scouts Jamboree in September. The
money box.
following is his financial record for August.

10.08 Received from uncle RM5
20.08 Bought notebook RM6
22.08 Sold National Day
bookmarks RM17
23.08 Donated to jogathon RM3
25.08 Sold old newspapers RM8
31.08 Cash money from lucky draw
RM20

Lee’s Financial Record

Date Money earned Spent Balance
01.08 Savings RM60.00 None RM0.00 RM60.00
10.08 Received from uncle RM5.00 None RM0.00
20.08 None RM0.00 Bought RM6.00
notebook
22.08 Sold bookmarks RM17.00 None RM0.00

Donated to
23.08 None RM0.00 RM3.00
jogathon
25.08 Sold old RM8.00 None RM0.00
newspapers
31.08 Lucky draw RM20.00 None RM0.00

Complete Lee’s financial record. Does he

have enough money to join the jamboree?

1 List ways to earn extra money.

2 Write down your needs and wants. Decide on your priority.
Prepare a financial record to achieve your priority.
Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Discuss the effects of making financial decisions on oneself and family.
he
ac e s
3.4.1
Te n o t
3.4.2 123
3.4.3
 MAIN CURRENCIES OF THE WORLD
AND THEIR VALUES
France United States of
America

EN

EN
IM

IM
EC

EC
SP

SP
Euro Dollar

Japan Russia

EN
EN

IM
IM

EC
EC

SP
SP

Ruble
Yen
China

EN
Saudi Arabia

IM
EC
EN

SP
IM
EC

Renminbi
SP

Riyal
Australia
EN
IM

Bangladesh
EC
SP
EN

Dollar
IM

South Korea
EC
SP

EN

Taka
IM
EC

Great Britain
SP
EN

Won
IM
EC
SP

Pound Sterling
Saiz sebenar
• Show samples of foreign currencies using the website https://www.pinterest.
r’s
he
ac e s com/livafiel/world-currency/?lp=true 3.5.1
Te n o t
124 • Carry out an activity to make scrapbooks on foreign currencies using the website
http://www.instantshift.com/2014/12/01/beautiful-country-currency/
 Let’s look at foreign Foreign Currency Exchange Rate
currency values compared Compared to RM1
to one ringgit. The values
vary according to current Country Currency Exchange rate
exchange rates. United States of
America Dollar 0.238
Canada Dollar 0.317
France Euro 0.219
Russia Ruble 15.539
South Korea Won 286.51
N E
IM
EC

Saudi Arabia Riyal 0.895

SP

Great Britain Pound Sterling 0.194

China Renminbi 1.705
Japan Yen 25.823
Bangladesh Taka 20.148
India Rupee 16.963
Australia Dollar 0.356
Source: https://my.exchange-rates.org/ retrieved on 1.10.2019

India
Canada
EN
IM
EC

EN
SP

IM
EC
SP

Rupee
Dollar

State three countries that use dollar.

1 What is the currency of each country below?

a United States of America b Great Britain
c South Korea d Bangladesh
2 State the currency and value compared to RM1 for the countries below.
a China b Russia c Japan d Australia
Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Discuss the importance of foreign currency exchange and their uses in daily life.
he 3.5.1
ac e s For example, in tourism and in business.
Te n o t
3.5.2 125
• Discuss factors of changes in currency rate for additional knowledge.
 PAYMENT INSTRUMENTS

Direct payment
EN

using notes
IM

cash
EC

and coins.
SP

Payment through
savings account
debit card using card.

Payment
instruments Spend first and pay
later to the bank and
credit card card issuer such as
supermarkets. Please enter your
pin number, sir.
Thank you.

Payment of
transactions and
services through
Internet an online account
banking using the Internet.

Discuss other payment instruments.

Saiz sebenar
• Ask pupils to share experiences of using the latest payment instruments.
r’s 3.6.1
he
ac e s
Te n o t For example, e-wallet and QRpay.
126 • Provide several situations and ask pupils to state the suitable payment
3.6.2
instruments.
 Payment is made
prepaid using existing cash
card balance using
top-up service.

Cashless payment
e-wallet using applications in
an electronic device.

BANK MAJU

Written order to a
cheque bank to pay the
stated amount of
money.

Represents cash to
postal order be sent to a specified
payee issued by the
post office.

Name the payment instrument for the following transactions.

a fill up petrol b buy fish at c pay d buy furniture
tank the wholesale telephone
market bill Saiz sebenar
• Discuss the strengths and weaknesses of a payment instrument.
r’s 3.6.1
he
ac e s
Te n o t
3.6.2 127
 SOLVE THE PROBLEMS
1 The table shows the prices of Price of
computer equipment supplied Shop computer
by a wholesaler to three equipment
computer shops. Calculate A RM12 425.20
the total price of the computer B RM19 899
equipment supplied. C RM28 170

Understand the problem Price of computer equipment:

RM12 425.20, RM19 899, RM28 170
Find the total price.
Plan the strategy ?

RM12 425.20 RM19 899 RM28 170

RM12 425.20 + RM19 899 + RM28 170 =

Solve
21 11
RM 1 2 425 . 2 0
RM 1 9 8 99. 0 0
+ RM 2 8 1 70. 00
RM 6 0 494. 20
Check
111211
5 10 2 1 2 1 14
RM 6 0 4 9 4 . 2 0 RM 3 2 3 2 4 . 2 0
– RM 2 8 1 7 0 . 0 0 – RM 1 9 8 9 9 . 0 0
RM 3 2 3 2 4 . 2 0 RM 1 2 4 2 5 . 2 0

RM12 425.20 + RM19 899 + RM28 170 = RM60 494.20

The total price of the computer equipment supplied is RM60 494.20.

Calculate the difference in the price of computer

equipment between shop A and shop C.
Saiz sebenar
• Guide pupils to understand the questions by identifying keywords. For example,
r’s 3.7.1
he
ac e s total involves addition operation.
Te n o t
128
2 In July, Anding pays his son’s tuition fees of RM27 000 using his savings
of RM85 600.40. In August, he deposits a cheque worth RM33 565 into
his account. What is his current balance?

Understand the problem Present the information in a table.

Particular Cash in Cash out Balance

Savings RM85 600.40
Tuition fees RM27 000
Cheque RM33 565

Plan the strategy

RM85 600.40 – RM27 000 + RM33 565 =

Solve
7 15 1 1
RM 8 5 6 0 0 . 4 0 RM 5 8 6 0 0 . 4 0
– RM 2 7 0 0 0 . 0 0 + RM 3 3 5 6 5 . 0 0
RM 5 8 6 0 0 . 4 0 RM 9 2 1 6 5 . 4 0

Check
11
8 1 11 1
RM 9 2 1 6 5 . 4 0 RM 5 8 6 0 0 . 4 0
– RM 3 3 5 6 5 . 0 0 + RM 2 7 0 0 0 . 0 0
RM 5 8 6 0 0 . 4 0 RM 8 5 6 0 0 . 4 0

RM85 600.40 – RM27 000 + RM33 565 = RM92 165.40

The current balance is RM92 165.40.

Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Use various daily life situations involving cash in and cash out such as account
he 3.7.1
ac e s statement and financial records for problem solving activities.
Te n o t
129
 3 The cost of installing a closed-circuit camera
in a shophouse is RM2 750. What is the cost of
installing similar cameras in 8 shophouses?

down information
write
The cost of installing a camera in a shophouse is RM2 750.
Find the cost of installing cameras in 8 shophouses.

2 750 2 750 2 750 2 750 2 750 2 750 2 750 2 750

?
Solve 8 × RM2 750 = Check
6 4 2 750
RM 2 7 5 0 RM22 000
× 8 = RM2 750
8
RM 2 2 0 0 0 1
8 × RM2 750 = RM22 000
The cost of installing cameras in 8 shophouses is RM22 000.

4 A company allocates RM3 500 a month for charity. The total sum per
year is donated equally to 7 welfare homes. Calculate the amount
received by one welfare home.

12 × RM3 500 ÷ 7 =

Solve
1
RM 3 5 00 6 000
× 12 RM42 000
1 7 0 00 = RM6 000
7
+ 35 0 00 1
RM 4 2 0 0 0
Show another
method to solve it.
12 × RM3 500 ÷ 7 = RM6 000
The amount received by one welfare home is RM6 000.
Saiz sebenar
• Form two groups, A and B. Each group solves a question. Pupils guide
r’s 3.7.1
he
ac e s peers from another group through the Rally Coach activity.
Te n o t
130
5 The cost to renovate Encik Ming Ho’s house is RM75 000. Underline
He pays in 5 equal instalments in April, May, June, July, the important
and August. information.

How much payment is made until June?

a
What is the balance of payment to be paid after June?
b

This diagram represents

the problem. RM75 000
April May June July August

payment from April balance of payment

until June after June
Solve
a RM75 000 ÷ 5 × 3 =
1
15 000 RM 1 5 0 0 0
RM75 000 × 3
= RM15 000
5 RM 4 5 0 0 0
1
RM75 000 ÷ 5 × 3 = RM45 000
The payment made until June is RM45 000.
b Total payment
RM75 000
RM45 000 ?
payment from balance of payment
April until June after June

Balance of payment = RM75 000 – RM45 000

= RM30 000

The balance of payment after June is RM30 000.

Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Guide pupils to understand the problem, identify keywords, and write number
he
ac e s
3.7.1
Te n o t sentences to represent the problem to be solved, and finally check the answers.
131
 1 A charity donation of RM85 475.80 is distributed to 3 welfare homes.
Fikrah Orphanage and Cahaya Orphanage receive RM25 630
and RM19 570.50 respectively. The balance is received by the
home for the elderly.
a How much money does Fikrah Orphanage and Cahaya
Orphanage receive altogether?
b Calculate the sum of money given to the home for the elderly.

2 Zaidi’s father had RM34 807.12 in his bank account. A year later, he
withdrew RM20 000 to run his durian and mango farms. After a
period of time, he banked in RM13 047.80 obtained from his farm’s
produce. Calculate his remaining account balance.

3 The picture shows the price of a motorcycle.

Mahsuri Jaya Transport Company buys
9 motorcycles for its business. What is the
total price of 9 motorcycles?
RM6 506.98
4 Twenty years ago, Langkanau’s mother bought a gold necklace at the
price of RM2 125. Its price now is 5 times the original price. Calculate
the current price of the gold necklace.

5 Puan Kumari has an annual pay of RM85 675.80. Calculate her

monthly pay.

6 Syarikat Bintang Emas allocated RM87 750 for Tuition Harapan

programme. The money is distributed equally to 13 secondary
schools. How much money is received by 3 schools?

7 The total amount of rental collection for several

homestays is RM15 600 per month and is equally
divided among 3 friends. How much profit does
each person gain in 6 months?
Saiz sebenar
3.7.1
132
 RIID
DR DDD
ND
IN

L
E
M

LET’S PLAY TARSIA

Tools/Materials Matching cards, A4 paper, and pens.
Participants In pairs or in groups.
How to play

1 Solve each question on the matching cards.

2 Find the answers on other cards. SCAN THIS
3 Match the questions to the answers.
Example:

A shape is formed when all cards

are combined together. Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Prepare several sets of cards for the activity.
he 3.1 - 3.2
ac e s • Modify questions to suit pupils’ ability.
Te n o t
133
• Download questions for Tarsia from the Internet.
 MIND CHALLENGE
1 Calculate.
a RM49 500 + RM18 759.30 =
b RM58 077.40 – RM23 602.50 =
c RM48 690.80 + RM32 577.40 + RM2 116 =
d RM86 995.75 – RM8 600.30 – RM23 156 =
e RM37 500 + RM41 285 – RM3 700 =
f 65
× RM900.20 = g RM17 342 ÷ 10 =
h 16 × RM4 235.80 ÷ 2 = i RM68 034.40 ÷ 7 × 9 =
j – RM23 456.95 = RM42 250.25
2 a Total up RM18 960, RM23 650.25 and RM55 000.
b The total sales of chickens, goats, and cows is RM63 933. The sales
of chickens and goats are RM4 238 and RM17 695 respectively.
What is the sales of cows?
3 The table shows
Date Cash in Cash out Balance
Lim’s incomplete
bank account 19.06.2020 RM2 000.00 - RM87 691.25
statement. What is 24.07.2020 - RM18 500.00
his final balance as of 30.08.2020 - RM8 068.99
30.08.2020?
4 Jaya Craft Business makes a profit of RM12 540.60 in May. Its profit
increases by RM2 089.85 in June. Find the total profit in May and June.
5 A cooperative distributes a profit of RM61 250 equally to 25 members.
Find the total profit received by Ah Sim and 7 of his friends.
6 In conjunction with Visit Malaysia Year, tourists from the United States
of America, the Great Britain, and Saudi Arabia travel to Malaysia.
What is the currency for each country?

7 List suitable payment instruments for the situations below.

a Victor’s father pays a b Kalsom’s mother purchased
toll fare of RM25.50. goods worth RM560. She made
Saiz sebenar a cashless payment.

134 3.1 - 3.7

 MIND TWISTER
A Choose the correct answer.
2 1
1 49 352 in words is 7 53 + = 83
A four hundred ninety thousand 1 2 1 2
three hundred and fifty-two. A 1 3 B 23 C 33 D 33
B forty-nine thousand three
3
hundred and fifty-two. 8 6 4 of 96 is
C four thousand nine hundred
A 72 B 576 C 634 D 648
thirty and five two.
D four nine three five two. 9 90.874 + 56 + 102.34 =
A 101.164 B 157.108
2 Which of the following digit 8
C 249.214 D 2 492.14
has the value of 8 000?
A 98 034 B 75 380 10 360.8 – 217.645 – = 9.23
C 32 819 D 80 745 A 142.232 B 133.925
C 213.114 D 2 467.355
3 Choose the correct pair.
Even Odd 11 What is the percentage of 16 red
A 71 90 balloons out of 40 balloons?
B 125 136 A 8% B 16% C 20% D 40%
C 388 462
D 3 644 7 033 12 Find the difference between the
sum of RM26 758 and RM31 075
4 Round off 72 963 to the with RM19 846.
nearest thousand. A RM77 679 B RM57 833
A 72 000 B 72 900 C RM37 987 D RM15 529
C 72 960 D 73 000
13 What is the currency of the
5 86 040 ÷ 12 × 4 = Great Britain?
A 1 793 B 2 868 A Dollar B Riyal
C 28 680 D 1 792 C Yen D Pound Sterling
2 3 1 14 Which payment instrument is
6 3 5 + 1 4 – 2 10 =
used to pay toll fares?
4 1 1 1 A Debit card B Cheque
A 25 B 25 C 34 D 3 20
C Prepaid card Saizorder
D Postal sebenar

135
 B Answer the following questions. 6 Write a number when rounded
off to the nearest thousand
1 Rina has a number card.
becomes 60 000.
80 653
a State the place value of 8. 7 Solve these.
b Partition the number according a 837 + 90 845 =
to its digit value. b 18 000 – 2 400 =
c 546 × 42 =
2 a 63 291, 31 962, 21 369, d 24 090 × 37 ÷ 6 =
19 632, 91 263
Rearrange the numbers in: 8 23 921 P Q 30 675
i ascending order. The sum of the four numbers is
ii descending order. 86 590. The value of P is 1 000
b Round off 39 318 to the more than Q. What are the
nearest ten thousand. values of P and Q?

9 a Convert the improper fractions

3 to mixed numbers.
5 19
i = ii =
3 7
b Convert the mixed numbers
250 mℓ Glass B
to improper fractions.
Estimate the volume of 5 9
i 29 = ii 4 10 =
liquid in glass B.

4 27 982, 28 982, ________, 10 Calculate.

_________, 31 982. 4 5
a + =
7 7
a Complete the number 1 2
pattern above. b 35 + 2 + =
3
b State the number
11 Find the difference between:
pattern above.
4 5
a and .
5 Write five even numbers 7 7
between 100 to 120. 3 1
b 6 4 and 3 2 .
Saiz sebenar

136
12 Solve these. C Solve the following problems.
1 3 1
a 64 +15 – =
2 1 Din : My score in a competition is
1 5 18 040 points. My score is
b 3 – 13 – =
7 245 more than Sim’s score.
5 2 Lan : The total score for the
c 12 – 7 9 + =
3 three of us is 37 720 points.
13 Complete the following
number sentences. Based on the conversation above:
4 1 a Calculate Sim’s scores.
a + =13
9 b Find the difference between
2 4 Sim’s and Lan’s scores.
b – =
5 5
14 Solve these. 2 Father put 80 chilli saplings on
a 487.2 + 32.09 + 5.638 = 3 shelves each. After two
b 100 – 7.32 – 35.861 = months, the saplings were sold
c 79.001 + + 3.94 = 83.201 equally to 6 buyers. Do all
the buyers get 60 saplings?
d 46.23 – 18 – = 18.57
Explain your answer.
15 Calculate.
a 6.834 × 100 = 3 A wholesaler puts 24 000 oranges
b 5.273 × 8 = into several boxes. Each box
c 7 082 ÷ 1 000 = contains 96 oranges.
d 211.86 ÷ 9 = a How many boxes are needed
3 by the wholesaler?
16 State in percentage. b If the wholesaler has
20
200 boxes, how many
17 Convert 37% to fraction. oranges are there in
each box?
18 What is the percentage of
12 out of 80 cars?
19 How much needs to be
deducted in order to get
RM20 500 from a total of
RM35 086 and RM29 147? Saiz sebenar

137
 4 Father saved his money through 9 Dina’s company sold 13 408
a salary deduction of 30 months. pairs of baju kurung. 9 837
His savings amounted to pairs were not sold.
RM10 500. How much did he a How many pairs of baju
save every month? kurung were there initially?
b Puan Rosnani bought
5 A grocery store made a profit 24 pairs of baju kurung at
of RM15 600 which was divided RM120 each. How much
equally among its 5 partners. does Puan Rosnani need
How much does each partner to pay in total?
receive?

10 Wafiq bought 10.2 kg of langsat.

6 Gopal, Bakhtiar, and Chong Han He gave some of the langsat to
took part in a 35 km relay torch his neighbours. The mass of the
run. Gopal ran for 12.5 km and langsat left was 3.8 kg.
Bakhtiar ran for 10.82 km. a What was the mass of langsat
How far did Chong Han run? given to his neighbours?
b The remainder of the langsat
7 A tank can contain 10 ℓ of water. were tied into 8 equal
Radin poured 4.5 ℓ and 3.05 ℓ bunches of similar mass.
of water into the tank. What What is the mass of
is the volume of water, in ℓ, each bunch?
needed to fill up the tank?
11 Rishi plans to buy a set of toys
1 at the price of RM155 within three
8 Wanie’s mother had 2 5 kg of
1 months using his pocket money
flour. She used kg of flour to savings.
4 1
make shrimp fritters and kg a What does Rishi need
2
to do?
to make doughnuts. How much
b Rishi saves RM3 every day.
flour, in kg, is left? Will he achieve his goal?

Saiz sebenar

138
 4 TIME

12-HOUR AND 24-HOUR SYSTEMS

1 Itinerary of ETS from North to South

Effective 3/6/2018

EG9425
Station EG9221 EP9201 EP9203 EP9205 EG9425
Operation day Every day Every day Every day Every day Every day

Every day
Father, what
time will the train 1805
EG9425 from
Padang Besar
depart?
At 6:05 in the
evening, Aris. In the
24-hour
system, it
is stated as
eighteen zero
five hours.

The 12-hour system uses a colon The 24-hour system

between the hour and the minute. uses four digits with the
The time of the day is also stated. hours mentioned.
✿ ✿

12-hour system 24-hour system

6:05 in the evening 1805 hours

five minutes eighteen zero

past six in the evening five hours
Saiz sebenar
• Relate the use of the 12-hour system and the 24-hour system in daily situations.
r’s • Use a digital watch when introducing the 12-hour system and the 24-hour system. 4.1.1
he
ac e s
Te n o t • Instil virtues such as punctuality and time planning. 139
• Emphasise the need to specify a.m., p.m., morning, noon, evening, night, and
midnight in the 12-hour system.
 2
Which of the time
displayed is in
the 24-hour system?
8:23 p.m. 2023 hours

3 The 24-hour system is stated

Tuesday 1 4.7.2020
from 0000 hours until 2359 hours.
Say 12:40 a.m. and 11:15 a.m.
12-hour system 24-hour system in the 24-hour system.
12:40 a.m. 0040 hours
:
7 47 a.m. 0747 hours 11:15 a.m. is
11:15 a.m. 1115 hours eleven fifteen
5:13 p.m. 1713 hours hours, teacher.

12:40 a.m. is zero

forty hours.

12-hour system and 24-hour

6:00 a.m.
system time loop
4:00 a.m.5:00 a.m. 7:00 a.m. 8:00 a.m.
3:00 a.m. 9:00 a.m.
2:00 a.m. 0600 10:00 a.m.
0400 0500 0700 0800
0300 0900
1:00 a.m. 0200 1000 11:00 a.m.
0100 1100
12:01 a.m. 0001 1159 11:59 a.m.
12:00 0000 midnight noon 1200 12:00
11:59 p.m. 2359 1201 12:01 p.m.
2300 1300
11:00 p.m. 2200 1400 1:00 p.m.
2100 1500
2000 1900 1800 1700 1600
10:00 p.m. 2:00 p.m.
9:00 p.m. 3:00 p.m.
8:00 p.m. 4:00 p.m.
7:00 p.m. 5:00 p.m.
6:00 p.m.
FACTS AT A GLANCE
a.m. means ante meridiem. Time p.m. means post meridiem. Time
represented as a.m. is after represented as p.m. is after noon
midnight until before noon. until before midnight.
Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Drill pupils to say the time in the 24-hour system.
he
ac e s
4.1.1
Te n o t • Introduce 12:00 noon as 1200 hours and 12:00 midnight as 0000 hours.
140
• Surf https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/what-does-am-and-pm-mean.html
to know more about a.m. and p.m.
 4 Convert time to the 24-hour system. TIPS
12:01 a.m. to 12:59 p.m.
a 6:45 a.m. =
How to write:
12-hour system 24-hour system • Write 2 digits for the
hour unit.
We started :
6 45 a.m. 0645 hours “
• The minute digits remain.
jogging • Write hours” after
at 6:45 a.m. 6:45 a.m. = 0645 hours the numerals.

TIPS b 10:40 p.m. =

1:00 p.m. to 11:59 p.m. hour minute
How to write: 1 0 40
• Add 12 hours to the
hour digits. + 12 00
“
• The minute digits remain. 22 40
• Write hours” after
the numerals.
10:40 p.m. = 2240 hours

5 State 0825 hours in the 12-hour system. TIPS

0001 hours to 1159 hours
a 0825 hours =
How to write:
• Write a colon between the
24-hour system 0825 hours “ minute digits.
hour and
• Write a.m.”.

12-hour system 8:25 a.m. TIPS

1201 hours to 1259 hours
colon time How to write:
• Write a colon between the
0825 hours = 8:25 a.m. “
hour and minute digits.
• Write p.m.”.

1100 hours 1130 hours 1240 hours 1300 hours Try

to complete
11:00 a.m. 12:00 noon 1:00 p.m. the timeline.
Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Use a digital watch as teaching aid. Stress on how to write time in the 24-hour 4.1.1
he
ac e s system correctly.
Te n o t
141
• Introduce the relation between the use of morning, noon, evening, night, and midnight.
• Use daily situations such as bus and ferry schedules.
 b 1545 hours =
Method 1 Method 2
TIPS
hour minute 1300 hours to 2359 hours

1 5 45 How to write:
• Subtract 12 hours from the
– 12 00 “
hour digits.
3 45 • Write p.m.”.

1545 hours = 3:45 p.m. Which time is correct for

12:10 in the morning?
010 hours 00:10 hours 0010 hours 12:10 a.m.
FUN EXPLORATION
Task Card Tools/Materials Task card,
Write a short story about a trip to stationery, and
the village by stating the time in display paper.
the 24-hour system. Participants 3 pupils in a group.
A DAY AT KAMPUNG MELUR Method
9:10 in the morning depart for the village
11:40 in the morning arrive at the village 1 Take a task card, stationery,
3:30 in the afternoon fishing at the river and white paper.
5:00 in the evening to the orchard 2 Complete the task in 15 minutes.
8:00 in the evening packing up
8:30 in the evening depart for home 3 Present your group work.

1 Convert the time below to the 24-hour system.

a 3:45 in the morning b 11:24 a.m. c 6:10 a.m.
d 10:30 in the evening e 2:48 p.m. f 11:46 p.m.
2 State the following time in the 12-hour system.
a 0120 hours b 1047 hours c 1450 hours
d 1616 hours
Saiz sebenar e 0005 hours f 2359 hours
r’s
• Surf http://www.onlineconversion.com/date_12-24_hour.htm to make a
he
ac e s
4.1.1
142 Te n o t connection between the 12-hour system and the 24-hour system.
• Explain the value of appreciating time by doing beneficial activities.
 DURATION
State the duration they played football.
1 We played football
from 10:05 in the start end
morning until 10:50 5
in the morning. 10
45
45 minutes
40 15

35 20
30 25
They played football for 45 minutes.

2 How long did mother take to sew

the baju kurung?
1 hour 1 hour

1400 hours 1500 hours 1600 hours

Mother took 2 hours to sew
the baju kurung.

3 Calculate the TONG-R

OYONG PERDA
NA
duration of the GO
Time Activity
gotong-royong
from start to finish. 7:40 a.m. Assembly and briefing
8:10 a.m. Gotong-royong in zones
11:40 a.m. End of gotong-royong and refreshments

Method 1 Method 2

8:10 a.m. 9:10 a.m. 10:10 a.m. 11:10 a.m. 11:40 a.m. hour minute
1 1 40
1 hour 1 hour 1 hour 30 minutes – 8 10
The duration of the gotong-royong 3 30
is 3 hours 30 minutes.
Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Vary methods of calculating the duration of activities in school such as quality day,
he
ac e s
4.2.1
Te n o t co-curriculum day, and school sports day.
143
• Discuss the connection of duration with the movements of the minute and
second hands, and the hour and minute hands.
 4 Father works from 7:30 in the morning to 5:00 in the evening.
Calculate father’s duration of work.
Method 1
7:30 a.m.
8:00 a.m. 10:00 a.m. 12:00 noon 2:00 p.m. 4:00 p.m.

7:00 a.m. 9:00 a.m. 11:00 a.m 1:00 p.m. 3:00 p.m. 5:00 p.m.

30 minutes 9 hours
Method 2
hour minute
16 60 Convert
5:00 p.m. 1 7 00
= 1700 hours 1 hour
– 7 30 to 60
minutes.
9 30

Father’s duration of work is 9 hours 30 minutes.

Sayangi Malaysiaku Day Schedule
Time Event Which
8:15 – 8:45 in the morning Uniform Units Parade activity
8:45 – 9:00 in the morning Headmaster’s Speech has the
9:00 – 9:30 in the morning Aerobics longest
9:30 – 11:30 in the morning Patriotic Song/Colouring Contest duration?
11:30 in the morning – Prize Giving Ceremony Prove it.
12:30 in the afternoon

1 State the duration from: 22 Calculate the duration.

a 10:15 a.m. to 10:35 a.m. Start time End time
b 4:40 p.m. to 6:40 p.m. 0920 hours 1850 hours
6:25 in the evening 11:05 at night
3 Andy goes to school from 0740 hours to 1310 hours. What is the
duration of Andy’s schooling?
Saiz sebenar
• Surf http://www.easysurf.cc/tspan-s.htm for enrichment activity.
r’s
he
ac e s • Explain to pupils that the spirit of patriotism is very important to ensure that 4.2.1
Te n o t
144 the country continues to be at peace, to flourish, and prosper.
 TIME ESTIMATION
1 Travelling distance for 100 km takes 1 hour.
What is the estimated time taken to reach Melaka?

Melaka
1 hour 2 hours

0 100 km 200 km
96 km
The estimated time taken to reach Melaka
is about 1 hour.

Estimate the time taken to reach

Muar and Batu Pahat.

2 Estimate the time taken to label 250 bottles of chilli sauce.

250 bottles
60 60 60 60 10 50
bottles bottles bottles bottles bottles
30 30 30 30
minutes minutes minutes minutes ?

30 minutes = 60 bottles minutes

The estimated time taken to label 250 bottles
of chilli sauce is more than 120 minutes.

1 Puan Aina packs 300 packets of crisps in about 5 hours. Calculate

the estimated time taken to pack:
a 2 100 packets. b 150 packets.
2 My brother made two origami cranes in about 10 minutes. Estimate
the time taken to make:
a 10 origami cranes. b 15 origami cranes.
Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Stress that approximation of time is not a proportion concept.
he 4.3.1
ac e s • Ask pupils to explore Google Maps application to see the relation between
Te n o t
145
distance and time to go to a place.
• Accept reasonable answers from pupils for estimation.
 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MILLENIUM,
CENTURIES, DECADES, AND YEARS

I am 10 The Bugis house is 100 years old.

years old. 10 years

1 decade

Relationship
involving units
of time
Source: https://
www.bharian.com.
my/node/178829
1 millenium 1 century
The ancient 1 000
mosque found is 100 years
years
1 000 years old.

MIND Complete the following.

TEA

1 decade = 10 years
S ER

10 decades = years = century

Source: https://dymash.wordpress.
com/2009/08/11/heboh-ditemukan- 1 century = 100 years
bangunan-masjid-kuno-berusia- 10 centuries = years = millenium
1000-tahun/

Complete these.
a 1 decade = years b 1 century = years
c 1 millenium = years
Saiz sebenar
• Use pictures to show the age or period of an object or event.
r’s 4.4.1
he
ac e s
Te n o t • Conduct a brainstorming session that relates pictures to age, and art
146 and design.
 CONVERSION OF UNITS OF TIME
A HOURS and DAYS WELCOME TO
1 Jayveson Panting and his family went LAHAD DATU
for a holiday in Lahad Datu for 3 days. DISTRICT
State 3 days in hours.
1 day = 24 hours
3 days = hours TIPS
× 24
3 days = 3 × 24 hours
= 72 hours day hour
÷ 24
3 days = 72 hours

2 A GLANCE
FACTS AT Calculate the total hours
The astronaut Sheikh Muszaphar was he was at ISS.
at the International Space Station
(ISS) for 10 days 21 hours. 10 days 21 hours = hours
Source: https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/ 10 days = 10 × 24 hours
Sheikh_Muszaphar_Shukor
= 240 hours

2 4 0 hours
+ 2 1 hours
2 6 1 hours

10 days 21 hours = 261 hours

3 36 hours = day hours 4 180 hours = days hours

36 hours = 24 hours + 12 hours 7 days

= 1 day 12 hours 24 1 8 0 hours
– 1 68
36 hours = 1 day 12 hours 12 hours

180 hours = 7 days 12 hours

Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Conduct group activities to calculate the duration of various events such as
HE
AC E S the duration of travel by aeroplane or ship. 4.4.2
TE T
NO (i) 147
• Surf https://ms.calcprofi.com/time-converter.html to check the conversion
of days to hours and vice versa.
 B DAYS and WEEKS
1 Year 4 Marikh pupils were given 4 weeks in the month of March
to complete the anti-drug mural. State the number of days taken.
4 weeks = days
Method 2
Method 1
TIPS
4 weeks
MARCH 2020 ×7
= 4 × 7 days
SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT week day
= 28 days 1 week 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
8 9 10 11 12 13 14 ÷7
15 16 17 18 19 20 21
4 weeks 22 23 24 25 26 27 28
29 30 31

4 weeks = 28 days

2 Convert 56 days to weeks.

56 days = weeks
8 weeks There are 21 days
7 56 days in 3 weeks. Prove it.
–56
0
56 days = 8 weeks

3 MID-YEAR BREAK
24.05.2019 08.06.2019 16 days
What is the duration, in weeks and days, for the mid-year break above?
16 days = weeks days

Method 1 Method 2
16 days = 7 days + 7 days + 2 days 2 weeks
= 1 week + 1 week + 2 days 7 1 6 days
= 2 weeks 2 days –14
2 days
16 days = 2 weeks 2 days
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Vary questions using school break calendar such as the total number of weeks
HE
AC E S and days for: i) duration of the first term. ii) duration of the second term. 4.4.2
TE
148 NO
T
(ii)
• Use the annual calendar to count weeks and days for each month.
 C MONTHS and YEARS
CE
1 FACTS AT A GLAN
The duration of the construction of Kuala Lumpur
Tower until its official opening is 5 years.
Source: https://www.menarakl.com.my/the-tower/history

How many months did the construction of the

Kuala Lumpur Tower take until its official opening?
5 years = months

5 years = 5 × 12 months 1
1 2 months
= 60 months
× 5
TIPS
6 0 months
× 12
5 years = 60 months
year month
The duration of the construction of the Kuala Lumpur
÷ 12
Tower until its official opening is 60 months.

CE
2 FACTS AT A GLAN 3 Convert 172 months to years and
An Asian elephant can live months.
to 840 months.
172 months = years months
Source: 6000 awesome facts, page 194.
Calculate the age of the 14 years
elephant in years. 12 1 7 2 months
–12
840 months = years
52
7 0 years –48
12 8 4 0 months 4 months
–84
00 172 months = 14 years 4 months
– 0
0 Yong Fatt is 10 years
2 months old. Calculate
840 months = 70 years
his age in months.
The elephant’s age is 70 years. Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Use scientific facts for activities on converting units of time.
HE
AC E S • Surf https://www.parlimen.gov.my/yda-senarai-yang-di-pertuan-agong.html? 4.4.2
TE T
NO (iii) 149
uweb=yg& and calculate the duration of governance of each Yang di-Pertuan
Agong of Malaysia.
 D YEARS, DECADES, and CENTURIES
NCE
1 FACTS AT A GLA
In 2019, the Petronas Twin Towers was 23 years
old since its construction was completed.
Source: https://www.petronastwintowers.com.my/about#history

Convert 23 years to decades and years.

23 years = decades years
TIPS
2 decades × 10
10 2 3 years
decade year
–20
3 years ÷ 10

23 years = 2 decades 3 years

2 In 2020, the Leaning Tower of Teluk Intan was 134 years old.
Convert the age of the tower to century and years.
TIPS
134 years = century years
× 100
134 years = 100 years + 34 years century year
= century years
÷ 100

3 2 centuries 7 years = years 4 4 centuries 8 decades = years

4 centuries = 4 × 100 years
2 centuries = 2 × 100 years
= 400 years
= 200 years
8 decades = 8 × 10 years
2 0 0 years = 80 years
+ 7 years
4 0 0 years
2 0 7 years + 8 0 years
4 8 0 years
2 centuries 7 years = 207 years
Saiz sebenar 4 centuries 8 decades = 480 years
R’S
• Ask pupils to explore various provenance such as buildings, monuments, historical
HE
AC E S sites, and artifacts, and relate them to conversion of units of time. 4.4.2
TE
150 NO
T
(iv)
• Carry out activities on converting units of time and collect them in scrapbooks.
 FUN EXPLORATION Time Calculator

Materials MS Excel software.

Participants 3 pupils in a group.
Method 1 Scan the QR code to learn how SCAN THIS
to make a time calculator.
2 Make a time calculator for your group.

1 Complete these.
a 144 hours = days b 5 days = hours
c 100 hours = days hours d 12 weeks = days
e 74 days = weeks days f 2 weeks 4 days = days
g 108 months = years h 10 years = months
i 86 months = years months j 15 years 8 months = months
k 5 decades = years l 90 years = decades
m 67 years = decades years n 300 years = centuries
o 142 years = century years p 2 centuries 9 decades = years

2 The Inscribed Stone of Terengganu is 715 years old.

State the age of the stone in:
a decades and years. b centuries and years.
Source: https://www.bharian.com.my/rencanasastera/2018/05/
424558/batu-bersurat-terengganu-asas-peradaban-melayu-islam

3 Taman Maju Daya construction project is expected to be completed in

30 months. State the duration in years and months.

4 Each human’s eyelash will drop and regrow every 90 days alternately.
State the duration in weeks and days.
Source: https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/science/science-news/6034510/Longer-
eyelashes-without-mascara-thanks-to-scientific-breakthrough.html
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Vary the values in Fun Exploration and discuss the answers.
HE
AC E S • Ask pupils to surf https://www.calculateme.com/time/years/to-decades/ 4.4.2
TE T
NO 151
for enrichment activities.
 ADDITION OF TIME
1 Father completed three custom made chicken coops in different durations.
Chicken coop A Chicken coop B Chicken coop C

3 days 4 hours 2 days 9 hours 1 day 12 hours

a What is the total time taken to build chicken coops A and B?
3 days 4 hours + 2 days 9 hours = days hours
day hour
3 4
+ 2 9
5 13

3 days 4 hours + 2 days 9 hours = 5 days 13 hours

The total time taken to build chicken coops A and B is 5 days 13 hours.

b Calculate the total time taken to build the three coops.

3 days 4 hours + 2 days 9 hours + 1 day 12 hours = days hours
day hour 1 day = 24 hours.
3 4 day hour 25 hours = 1 day and 1 hour.
2 9 6 25
+ 1 12 + 1 – 24
6 25 7 1

3 days 4 hours + 2 days 9 hours + 1 day 12 hours = 7 days 1 hours

The total time taken to build the three coops is 7 days 1 hour.

Calculate the time taken to build coops A and C.

Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Find the duration for several events. Then, carry out the process of adding
HE 4.5.1 (i)
AC E S the time taken.
TE
152 NO
T
• Stress on the method of converting hours to days.
 2 Read the information given. Time Taken for Hakimi to Read Books
State the total time taken by Book Time
Hakimi, in weeks and days,
A 4 weeks 5 days
to read all the books.
B 6 days
C 2 weeks 4 days

4 weeks 5 days + 6 days + 2 weeks 4 days = weeks day

week day
4 5 15 days = 2 weeks 1 day
6
+ 2 4
6 15
+2 –14
8 1

4 weeks 5 days + 6 days + 2 weeks 4 days = 8 weeks 1 day

Hakimi reads all the books in 8 weeks 1 day.

Did Hakimi take 33 days to

read book A? Discuss.

3 1 year 9 months + 3 years 4 months = years month

year month
1 9
+ 3 4
4 13

4 years 13 months = 4 years + 12 months + 1 month

= 4 years + 1 year + 1 month
= 5 years 1 month

1 year 9 months + 3 years 4 months = 5 years 1 month Saiz sebenar

R’S
• Ask pupils to jot down conversion of units of time first before carrying out
HE 4.5.1
AC E S the operations.
TE T
NO
(ii), (iii) 153
• Relate with scientific knowledge such as plant growth, planting process,
and animal growth period.
 4 5 decades 4 years + 2 decades 9 years + 42 years = decades years

decade year decade year 5 decades

5 4 7 13 10 5 5 years
+ 2 9 + 42 –50
7 13 7 55 5 years

7 decades 55 years = 7 decades + 5 decades + 5 years

= 12 decades + 5 years
5 decades 4 years + 2 decades 9 years + 42 years = 12 decades 5 years

5 126 years + 92 years + 110 years = centuries years

century year
1 26
92
126 years = 1 century 26 years + 1 10
110 years = 1 century 10 years 2 1 28
+ 1 – 1 00
3 28

126 years + 92 years + 110 years = 3 centuries 28 years

Calculate.
a 3 days 15 hours + 4 days 10 hours = days hours
b 9 weeks 6 days + 9 days = weeks days
c 7 years 8 months + 5 years 10 months = years months
d 4 days 10 hours + 20 hours + 2 days 12 hours = days hours
e 7 weeks 5 days + 15 days + 3 weeks 4 days = weeks days
f 29 months + 9 years 10 months + 6 years 4 months = years months
g 8 decades 7 years + 23 years = decades years
h 4 centuries + 32 years + 1 century 5 years = centuries years
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Enhance pupils’ mastery by asking questions that involve unit conversion and
HE 4.5.1
AC E S regrouping related to scientific knowledge such as life span and growth.
TE
154 NO
T
• Carry out group activity with each group getting different questions. Ask each
group to present their work.
 SUBTRACTION OF TIME
I visited both states in 6 days.

Sarawak Sabah
3 days 4 hours days hours
1 How long was Nancy in Sabah?
6 days – 3 days 4 hours = days hours
Convert 1 day
day hour
to 24 hours to 5 24
subtract the 6 0
unit of hours.
– 3 4
2 20

6 days – 3 days 4 hours = 2 days 20 hours

2 4 days 2 hours – 1 day 16 hours – 1 day 9 hours = hours

day hour day hour
3 26
4 2 2 10
– 1 16 – 1 9 1 day 1 hour = 24 hours + 1 hour
2 10 1 1 = 25 hours

4 days 2 hours – 1 day 16 hours – 1 day 9 hours = 25 hours

MIND Arrange the cards given to construct three correct

TEA

number sentences.
S ER

5 days 3 hours 8 days 5 hours 2 days 16 hours

– – =
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Stress on the regrouping of units of time from days to hours.
HE 4.5.1 (i)
AC E S • Surf http://www.aaamath.com/g5_tsbdh.htm for additional activity for pupils.
TE T
NO 155
 3 5 weeks 2 days – 6 days = weeks days
week day
4 9 Convert 1 week to 7 days.
5 2 7 days + 2 days = 9 days
– 6
4 3

5 weeks 2 days – 6 days = 4 weeks 3 days

4 8 weeks – 6 weeks 2 days – 5 days = days

week day
7 7 week day
8 0 1 5 1 week = 7 days
– 6 2 – 5
1 5 1 0
8 weeks – 6 weeks 2 days – 5 days = 7 days

5 10 years 7 months – 1 year 9 months = years months

year month Convert 1 year to 12 months.
9 19
10 7 12 months + 7 months = 19 months
– 1 9
8 10

10 years 7 months – 1 year 9 months = 8 years 10 months

The age of two buildings in 2020.

MIND
Kuala Lumpur
State the difference in
TEA

Old Railway Station Royal Museum

age of the buildings in
S ER

decades and years.

110 years 92 years

Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Stress on regrouping of unit of time from weeks to days and years to months.
HE 4.5.1
AC E S • Surf http://www.aaamath.com/g5_tsbdh.htm for additional activity.
TE
156 NO
T
(ii), (iii)
• Carry out mental calculation to convert units in order to enhance pupils’
understanding.
 6 20 decades 3 years – 4 years – 5 decades 8 years = decades year
Convert 1 decade to 10 years.
10 years + 3 years = 13 years
decade year
19 13 decade year
20 3 19 9
– 4 – 5 8
19 9 14 1

20 decades 3 years – 4 years – 5 decades 8 years

= 14 decades 1 year

7 3 centuries 20 years – 1 century 36 years = century years

century year
2 120 Convert 1 century to 100 years.
3 20 100 years + 20 years = 120 years
– 1 36
1 84

3 centuries 20 years – 1 century 36 years = 1 century 84 years

Calculate.
a 9 days 4 hours – 3 days 8 hours = days hours
b 5 weeks – 2 weeks 6 days = days
c 7 years 1 month – 4 years 8 months = years months
d 3 centuries 34 years – 1 century 56 years = centuries years
e 5 days – 2 days 6 hours – 1 day 15 hours = hours
f 8 weeks 4 days – 1 week 5 days – 27 days = weeks days
g 90 months – 2 years 6 months – 3 years = years months
h 13 decades 4 years – 9 years – 2 decades 7 years = decades years
i 10 centuries 27 years – 68 years – 3 centuries 19 years = centuries years
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Encourage pupils to use various calculation strategies such as timeline and
HE
AC E S arithmetic. 4.5.1
TE T
NO 157
• Encourage pupils to check their answers using the time calculator in websites
such as https://www.timeanddate.com/date/dateadd.html
 MULTIPLICATION OF TIME
1 What is the time taken, in days
ALL CLOTHING
ALTERATION STORE and hours, to alter 9 pieces of
similar clothes?
9 × 3 hours = day hours

3 hours 2 7 hours
× 9 – 2 4 hours 1 day
2 7 hours 3 hours
Guaranteed ready
in 3 hours. 9 × 3 hours = 1 day 3 hours

Time taken to alter 9 pieces of similar clothes is 1 day 3 hours.

Discuss other methods to solve the calculation above.

2 State in days, the duration 2 days 8 hours for each

of the 3 phases of the camp phase of camp training
training the Scouts undergo.
3 × 2 days 8 hours = days
Convert 24 hours
to 1 day. day hour
2 8
× 3
6 24
+1 –24
7 0

The Girl Guides are involved

in 2 similar phases of camp
3 × 2 days 8 hours = 7 days training. How long, in hours, is
The duration of the 3 phases of the Girl Guides camp training?
camp training is 7 days.
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Conversion of unit of hours to days should be stressed on.
HE 4.5.2 (i)
AC E S • Instil moral values such as leadership, cooperation, and respecting each
TE
158 NO
T
other while camping.
 3 Multiply 2 weeks 4 days by 8.
8 × 2 weeks 4 days = days
Method 1 Method 2 week day
1 week = 7 days
2 4
× 8
2 weeks 4 days 16 32
= 1 week + 1 week + 4 days
= 7 days + 7 days + 4 days 4
= 14 days + 4 days 1 6 weeks
= 18 days × 7
6 1 1 2 days
1 8 days
× 8 1 1 2 days
1 4 4 days + 3 2 days
1 4 4 days
8 × 2 weeks 4 days = 144 days

4 5 × 16 months = years months

3
1 6 months 6 years
× 5 12 8 0 months
–72 State the answer for
8 0 months 4 × 10 years 7 months
8 months
in years and months.
5 × 16 months = 6 years 8 months

5 10 × 3 decades 7 years = decades

decade year
3 7
× 10
30 70 10 years = 1 decade
+ 7 –70 70 years = 7 decades
37 0
10 × 3 decades 7 years = 37 decades Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Prepare a set of questions (5 questions for each group) involving multiplication of
HE
AC E S units of time (hours, days, weeks, months, years, decades, or centuries). 4.5.2
TE T
NO (ii), (iii), (iv) 159
• Ask pupils to do calculation in groups. Present and display each group’s work in
Gallery Walk.
 6 21 × 9 years = century years
21
100 years = 1 century
× 9 years
1 8 9 years

189 years = 100 years + 89 years

= 1 century 89 years

21 × 9 years = 1 century 89 years

MIND week day year month

8 6 8 6
TEA

Complete this
S ER

calculation. × ×
79 5 59 6

1 Calculate.
a 3 × 4 days 6 hours = days hours
b 2 × 6 weeks 3 days = weeks days
c 7 × 3 years 1 month = years months
d 9 × 4 centuries 6 years = centuries years
e 10 × 7 days 5 hours = days hours
f 7 × 8 weeks 9 days = weeks
g 5 × 2 years 8 months = months
h 11 × 8 decades 9 years = decades years
i 15 × 3 centuries 12 years = centuries years

2 a Multiply 8 by 2 weeks 1 day. Give the answer in weeks and days.

b 12 decades 7 years is multiplied by 4. Write the answer in
decades and years.
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Emphasise to pupils to do conversion of units correctly.
HE
AC E S • Discuss the Mind Teaser questions with pupils. Ask pupils to justify their 4.5.2
TE
160 NO
T
answers given.
• Provide more exercises in the form of worksheets.
 DIVISION OF TIME
3 phases
1 What is the duration, in hours, for 12 days 9 hours
one phase of archery training if the
duration for each phase is the same?
12 days 9 hours ÷ 3 = hours
4 days 3 hours 1
3 1 2 days 9 hours 2 4 hours
–12 –9 × 4
0 0 9 6 hours 4 days 3 hours = 96 hours + 3 hours
= 99 hours
12 days 9 hours ÷ 3 = 99 hours

2 How long was the book sale held,

in days and hours?
NEWS SPORTS WORLD ENTERTAINMENT BUSINESS ARTICLE
60 hours ÷ 24 = days hours
60 HOURS NON-STOP BOOK SALE
bhsastera@bh.com.my
5 10
KUALA LUMPUR: One thousand titles, 100 000 copies of
60 hours
books at the Mega National Book Sale that takes place –24 hours 1 day
for 60 hours non-stop in November at the Karangkraf
Complex, Shah Alam. 36 hours 2 days
Interestingly, all of these books are on sale for RM10 –24 hours 1 day
in the market such as Siri Saga Artakusiad, Sains-lah!
Konfes Kebangsaan.
12 hours

60 hours ÷ 24 = 2 days 12 hours

3 10 weeks ÷ 7 = week days 1 week 2 days

1 week 3 days 6 7 weeks 2 days
7 1 0 weeks 0 days – 6 +10
– 7 +2 1 1 12
3 weeks = 3 × 7 days –12
3 21 = 21 days
–21 0
0 Discuss the
10 weeks ÷ 7 = 1 week 3 days calculation
above.
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Expose pupils to other methods of calculation such as converting the units
HE 4.5.2 (i)
AC E S first before performing the division.
TE T
NO
4.5.2 (ii) 161
 4 9 years 4 months ÷ 7 = year months

1 year 4 months
7 9 years 4 months
– 7 +24 2 years = 2 × 12 months
2 28 = 24 months
– 28
0
9 years 4 months ÷ 7 = 1 year 4 months

22 years ÷ 4 = years months

5 years 5 months
4 2 2 years 0 months
– 2 0 +20 Why is the calculation
2

20
–20
0
✗ wrong? Discuss.

5 10 decades 8 years ÷ 12 = years

10 decades = 10 x 10 years
= 100 years
10 decades 8 years = 100 years + 8 years
= 108 years
Which is the correct answer
9 years for 32 decades divided by 5?
12 1 0 8 years
60 decades 4 years
–108
0 6 decades 4 years
6 decades 40 years
10 decades 8 years ÷ 12 = 9 years
64 years
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Vary the calculation methods.
HE 4.5.2 (iii)
AC E S • Carry out group activity and prepare different question cards for each group.
TE
162 NO
T
4.5.2 (iv)
Ask pupils to present their work in Gallery Walk.
 6 21 centuries 12 years ÷ 6 = centuries years
3 centuries 5 2 years
6 2 1 centuries 1 2 years
–18 +300 1 century = 100 years
3 312 3 centuries = 300 years
–30
12
–1 2
0
21 centuries 12 years ÷ 6 = 3 centuries 52 years

7 3 centuries 4 years ÷ 8 = years

3 centuries 4 years 3 8 years

= 300 years + 4 years 8 3 0 4 years
= 304 years –24
64
–64 MIND Complete this.
0
TEA

centuries ÷ 4
S ER

3 centuries 4 years ÷ 8 = 38 years = 5 centuries 25 years

1 Calculate the quotient.

a 21 days 4 hours ÷ 4 = days hours
b 33 weeks 3 days ÷ 6 = weeks days
c 25 years 4 months ÷ 8 = years months
d 16 centuries 30 years ÷ 5 = centuries years
e 50 days ÷ 16 = hours
f 58 decades 5 years ÷ 15 = decades years
2 How long is the time taken, in Number of Time taken
days and hours, to complete shoe rack to complete
one shoe rack? 10 15 days
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Guide pupils to do calculation by emphasising on the conversion of units
HE
AC E S of time. 4.5.2
TE T
NO 163
• Provide more exercises in the form of question cards or worksheets.
 Destination A
SOLVE THE PROBLEMS departure time 1035 hours
arrival time 1310 hours
1 Amer and his family boarded a
plane to destination A and then to Destination B
destination B. Were Amir and his
family on the plane for more than departure time 1615 hours
6 hours? arrival time 2020 hours

Understand the problem

Destination A B
Departure time 1035 hours 1615 hours
Arrival time 1310 hours 2020 hours

Determine whether the duration on the plane is more than 6 hours.

Plan the strategy
Duration is the difference between
the departure time and arrival time.
duration
departure time arrival time

Solve
duration A duration B total duration
hour minute hour minute hour minute
12 70 20 20 2 35
13 10 – 16 15 + 4 5
– 10 35 4 5 6 40
2 35

The total flight duration of 6 hours 40 minutes is more than 6 hours.

Check
hour minute
6 40
– 4 5
2 35
total duration on the plane
duration on plane B
duration on plane A

Yes, Amer and his family were on the plane for

Saiz sebenar more than 6 hours, that is 6 hours 40 minutes.
r’s
• Guide pupils to use other calculation strategies such as timelines.
he 4.6.1
ac e s • Emphasise on the correct conversion of units of time.
Te n o t
164
• Vary the questions such as adding the travelling time of a round trip flight.
2 Supardi, Mahendran, and Yee Shin managed 1 000 icons
to collect 1 000 icons respectively, Supardi 20 weeks
in different duration from friends in the 2 days
social media. Mahendran 9 days later
compared to
a Calculate the duration taken Supardi
by Mahendran.
Yee Shin 18 weeks
b What is the difference between the duration 6 days
taken by Yee Shin and Mahendran?
Solve
a 20 weeks 2 days + 9 days = weeks days
week day
20 2
+ 9
20 11
+ 1 – 7
21 4
20 weeks 2 days + 9 days = 21 weeks 4 days
The duration taken by Mahendran is 21 weeks 4 days.
b 21 weeks 4 days – 18 weeks 6 days = weeks days
week day
20 11
21 4
– 18 6
2 5
21 weeks 4 days – 18 weeks 6 days = 2 weeks 5 days
The difference between the duration taken by
Yee Shin and Mahendran is 2 weeks 5 days.

Does Supardi take 15 days more

compared to Yee Shin?
• Ask pupils to check the answers using the inverse operation. Saiz sebenar
• Use a different calculation method (convert number of weeks to number of days)
r’s as an alternative. 4.6.1
he
ac e s
Te n o t
• Instil moral values such as self-discipline, appreciating time, and using social 165
media and technology ethically with parental guidance.
 3 Father Mother Fatherʼs age is 5 times Ayuʼs age.
a How old is Ayu?
b Is her brotherʼs age twice Ayuʼs age?
47 years 45 years
1 month 6 months Solve
Brother Ayu a 47 years 1 month ÷ 5 = years months

9 years 5 months
5 47 years 1 month
18 years – 45 years + 2 4
10 months 2 25
– 25
Check the answer for 0
a and b using the
inverse operation.
47 years 1 month ÷ 5 = 9 years 5 months
Ayu is 9 years 5 months old.

b 2 × 9 years 5 months = years months

year month
9 5
× 2
18 10

2 × 9 years 5 months = 18 years 10 months

Yes, her brotherʼs age is twice Ayuʼs age.

What is the age difference

between Ayu and her mother?
Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Construct other questions such as the difference between Ayuʼs age and her
he 4.6.1
ac e s brother’s.
Te n o t
166
• Instil moral values such as love, respecting the elderly, and to be considerate.
• Ask pupils to use basic family information to solve problems involving age.
 1 Jarjit and his family boarded a ferry from
Kuala Perlis to Langkawi at 1330 hours.
State the time in the 12-hour system.

2 The table shows a schedule for History History Research Work Schedule
Research Work by a group of Year 4 Particular Duration
Intelek pupils. The research is Discussion and 3 days
completed in 5 weeks. What is the task distribution
duration for writing the report? Find information 2 weeks
6 days
Write report
3 Indah Construction Company
Housing Project
Project Duration A company is constructing three
Garden A 3 years 10 months housing projects as shown in the
Garden B 3 years 2 months table. Calculate the duration for
Garden C 3 years 1 month all the projects to be completed.

4 Hairiʼs mother works 8 hours and 30 minutes daily. Calculate the

duration, in hours and minutes, his mother works in 20 days.

5 Neeta and Chin were assigned to

three ASEAN countries for 32 days.
a How many weeks and days
were they in the Philippines?
Cambodia = 11 days
b Calculate the difference in
duration, in days, when
they were in Cambodia
and Brunei.
The Philippines
Brunei = 1 week 3 days

6 The 5 phases of construction of a business complex takes 4 years and

7 months. Each construction phase has the same duration for completion.
What is the duration, in months, for each construction phase? Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Use various problem solving strategies such as drawing diagrams and working
he
ac e s
4.6.1
Te n o t backwards.
• Ask pupils to solve problems in groups and present the calculation work during
167
Gallery Walk.
 RIID
DR DDD
ND
IN

L
E
SECRET CODE
M

Answer the questions. Fill in the letters that represent the answers in
the green box according to the question number to get the keyword.

1 1 year 4 months + 7 months = answer cards

2 5 hours 55 minutes – 3 hours 5 minutes = G I
2 hours 100
3 4 × 25 years = 50 minutes years
4 108 years ÷ 6 = K M
5 3 years 4 months + 2 years 8 months + 46 months = 18 years 8 weeks
6 days
6 20 weeks – 9 weeks 6 days – 1 week 2 days =
Y S
7 8 × 2 days 5 hours = 4 weeks 5 centuries
8 235 years + 281 years = 2 days 16 years

9 13 hours 40 minutes ÷ 4 = U A
3 hours 1 year
10 100 days – 48 days – 3 weeks 1 day = 25 minutes 11 months
L N
KEYWORD 9 years 17 days
8 1 10 1 7 2 3 10 months 16 hours

6 1 5 1 10 8 3 1 4 9

MIND CHALLENGE
1 Write the time in the 24-hour system.
a 8:45 a.m. b 10:20 p.m. c 3:55 in the morning d 11:33 at night
2 State the time in the 12-hour system.
a 0615 hours b 1110 hours c 1612 hours d 2255 hours
3 Andrea Guardini won the first stage of the Le Tour de Langkawi 2018.
He started cycling at 1030 hours and finished at 1359 hours.
Calculate the duration he cycled.
Source: http://www.cyclingnews.com/races/le-tour-de-langkawi-2018/stage-1/results/

4 Father rides a motorcycle at 60 km per hour. Estimate the time taken

Saiz sebenar
to reach his workplace 30 km away.
r’s
• Carry out the Mind Riddle activity in groups of four. The group that finishes first
he
ac e s wins.
Te n o t
168 4.1 - 4.5
• Modify the questions and the keyword in the Mind Riddle activity to enhance
pupils’ understanding.
 5 Convert the time to the units stated.
a 52 hours = days hours b 3 days 10 hours = hours
c 46 days = weeks days d 10 weeks 4 days = days
e 26 months = years months f 5 years 8 months = months
g 5 decades 9 years = years h 172 years = century years

6 Pavitra went for a holiday in Bako National Park, Sarawak

for 2 days 12 hours. State the duration, in hours, when she
was there.
7 Datuk Azhar Mansor sailed around the world solo in 27 weeks 1 day
in 1999. State the duration in days.
Source: https://www.pnm.gov.my/yangpertama/Sohor_Azhar.htm.

8 Calculate.
a 2 days 18 hours + 4 days 9 hours = hours
b 10 weeks 4 days + 5 weeks 3 days + 6 days = weeks days
c 11 months + 3 years 8 months + 10 months = years months
d 12 decades 7 years + 9 years + 6 decades 8 years = years
e 10 days 7 hours – 3 hours – 3 days 15 hours = days hours
f 6 weeks – 3 weeks 6 days = weeks days
g 20 years – 15 years 2 months = months
h 3 centuries 51 years – 2 centuries 74 years = years
9 Solve these.
a 5 × 3 days 12 hours = days hours
b 8 × 9 days = weeks days
c 10 × 2 years 5 months = years months
d 3 × 5 centuries 6 years = centuries years
e 10 days 16 hours ÷ 4 = days hours
f 34 years ÷ 8 = years months
g 9 decades 1 year ÷ 7 = decade years
h 215 years ÷ 5 = decades years Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Carry out the Mind Challenge activity in pairs. Then, ask pupils to check
he
ac e s each otherʼs answers.
Te n o t
4.4 - 4.5 169

10 Solve the problems.
a Wan and Helmi went for a holiday for 2 weeks. Wan was at
Kenyir Lake for 1 week 2 days and the remaining time at the
National Park, Pahang. Helmi, on the other hand went for a
holiday at Banding Lake for 6 days and spent the remaining
time at the National Park, Pahang.
i How long, in hours, was Wan
at Kenyir Lake?
ii Calculate the difference, in days,
that Wan and Helmi spent at the
National Park, Pahang.
b Ben Long is 10 years 2 months old. His brother is 23 years
5 months old. His sister is 2 years 4 months younger than
his brother.
i How old is his sister?
ii What is the age difference between Ben Long and his brother?

c The diagram shows

the journey of 1 hour journey 45 minutes’ journey
Aiman’s family to Sultan Ismail by van by speedboat/ferry
Perhentian
Petra Airport Kuala Besut Jetty
Perhentian Island. Island

They arrived at
Sultan Ismail Petra SPEEDBOAT

Airport at 1145 hours.

i State the time they reached Kuala Besut Jetty in the 12-hour system.
ii They took a break for 1 hour and 15 minutes at the jetty before
taking a ferry to the island. At what time will they reach
Perhentian Island?
iii Calculate the total time taken by the family to arrive at
Perhentian Island.
d
Father is 38 years old. Grandfatherʼs age is twice fatherʼs age.
Fatherʼs age is 4 times my age.
i What is grandfatherʼs age in decades and years?
ii Is my age 9 years 2 months? Show the calculation.
Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Guide pupils to use various problem solving strategies such as sketching,
he 4.6
ac e s making a table, and bar model.
Te n o t
170
 5 LENGTH, MASS, AND
VOLUME OF LIQUID
RECOGNISE MILLIMETRE AND KILOMETRE
NCE
1 What plant is this, FACTS AT A GLA
uncle? Materials for hydroponic plant
Plastic bottle: 1 ℓ 500 mℓ
Burned
husk and
Wick: red rock
150 mm fragments:
150 g
Nutrition solution: 250 mℓ
1 mm
This is a hydroponic plant. The Hydroponic is a
wick that you are holding is one planting method
of the materials used. without using soil.
The length is 150 millimetres.

0 mm 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150

The length of the wick is 150 mm.

The symbol for millimetre 2

is mm. Millimetre is used to
measure small or short objects.
The width
of an A4
paper is
Give an example of 210 mm.
another object which is
measured in mm.
210 millimetres
Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Ask pupils to find objects around the classroom which are measured in mm.
he 5.1.1
ac e s • Discuss a daily situation involving length measurement. For example, the
Te n o t
171
measurement of the growth of a chilli plant in a science experiment.
• Explain the method of hydroponic planting to pupils.
 3 a 1 km
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1 000 m

b
A distance of 1 km
is equal to1 000 m.

The symbol for kilometre

is km. Kilometre is used
to measure the distance
between two places that
are far apart.

c The length of Light Rapid Transit 3 (LRT 3) route.

37 km

Jalan Setia Klang Shah Alam Bandar Utama

LANCE
FACTs AT A G
10 cm = 1 decimetre
10 m = 1 decametre

State the measurements using the symbols.

a Anis and Harjit joined the b The distance of Kajang
3-kilometre Seronoknya to Sungai Buloh MRT line
Membaca Run. is 51 kilometres.
3 kilometres is written as . 51 kilometres is written as .

c d

5 millimetres
48 millimetres
Saiz sebenar
r’s • Encourage pupils to explore the uses of mm and km in daily life.
he
ac e s
5.1.1
172 Te n o t • Visualise 1 km distance using simulation by showing the distance of a race track.
• Use Google Maps application to get the distance between two places.
 MEASURE LENGTHS OF OBJECTS
1

Start measuring
from 0 mm.
Read the
measurement
at the other
end.
The height of the
sapling is 20 mm.

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
90 100 110 120 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 0 mm 10

The length of the MIND

2 What is the
hair clip is .

TEA
length of the

S ER
nail?
0 mm 10 0 20
1
60 50
2 303
40 30
4
40
20
5 506
0mm 10
60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150
3 2 5 1

The length of the paper clip is .

50
6 0
60
4

0 mm 10 10
56
m
0m 20 30 40 50 60 7
20
4 6
23
30
40 5 0mm
1
50 4 10
0 3 20
60 2 30
1 40
0 50
60

1 State the measurement of the objects.

0 mm 10

0 cm

EN

60
0

90 100 110 120

1

0
IM

50
1

a 0 cm 2 3 5 6 7 8 b
20

1 4 9 10 11 12
2

1
EC

40
2
SP
30

2
30
3
40

3
20
4
50

80
5

0 mm 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120

0mm 10
5
60

70
6

5
6

length of the name tag width of the banknote

70

60
7

6
80

50
8

mm mm
7
90 100 110 120

40
9

2 Measure the length of these objects using a ruler.

10

30
9
11

10
20

a envelope b key c RM10 banknote

Saiz sebenar
12

0 mm 10
11
60 0

3
50 1

12

• Conduct an activity of measuring objects around the classroom that involves

2
40 23

r’s
4

he 5.1.4
5
30

ac e s the unit mm.

Te n o t
173
20

• Surf https://www.wikihow.com/Measure-Mm
0

10
60

56
1

m
50

0m
2
40
3
30
4
20

60 0
5
10
0mm

1
50
6
 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CENTIMETRE
AND MILLIMETRE
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
1 90 100 110 120 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 0 mm 10
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
90 100 110 120 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 0

0 1 2 3 4 5 6
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 60 50 40 30 20 0mm 10
60 50 40 30 20 0mm 10
1 cm = 10 mm
3 2 5 1
50
6 0
60
4

56
2
0m

3
m
10
20
4 6
23
30
40 5 0mm
1
50 4 10
0 3 20
60 2 30
1 40
0 50
60

0 cm 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

0 cm 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
0 mm 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120

5 cm = mm 40 mm = cm
5 cm = 5 × 10 40 mm = 40 ÷ 10
0mm 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120
= 50 mm = 4 cm
5 cm = 50 mm 40 mm = 4 cm

4 19 cm 7 mm = mm TIPS
× 10
19 cm 7 mm = 190 mm + 7 mm cm mm
= 197 mm ÷ 10
19 cm 7 mm = 197 mm
Convert 68 mm
to cm and mm.

Complete these.
a 8 cm = mm b 120 mm = cm
c 75 mm = cm mm d 3 cm 4 mm = mm
e 13 cm 8 mm = mm
Saiz sebenar f 495 mm = cm mm
r’s
• Introduce other measuring tools to measure objects involving mm and cm.
he 5.1.2
ac e s • Surf https://www.unitconverters.net/length/mm-to-cm.htm.
Te n o t
174 5.1.3
 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN KILOMETRE AND METRE
1 The circuit distance of 1 round is 250 m.
All the cyclists have The circuit distance of 4 rounds is 1 000 m.
completed 4 rounds. 1 000 m = 1 km

4 × 250 m = 1 000 m

1 000 m = 1 km

2 3 km = m 3 23 000 m = km
3 km = 3 × 1 000 23 000
km = 23 km
= 3 000 m 1 000
3 km = 3 000 m 23 000 m = 23 km

4 6 km 743 m = m 5 40 025 m = km m
6 km 743 m = 6 000 m + 743 m 40 025 m = 40 000 m + 25 m
= 6 743 m = 40 km + 25 m
6 km 743 m = 6 743 m = 40 km 25 m
40 025 m = 40 km 25 m
× 1 000
TIPS
km m Is 8 006 m the same as
÷ 1 000 80 km 6 m? Discuss.

Complete these.
a 26 km = m b 5 000 m = km
c 38 000 m = km d 4 km 16 m = m
e 9 km m = 9 025 m f km 17 m = 2 017 m
Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Use daily situations such as running, swimming, races, cross-country, marathon,
he
ac e s
5.1.2
Te n o t and motorsports events, and relate them with measurement of length. 5.1.3 175
• Surf https://www.sheppardsoftware.com/mathgames/menus/measurement.htm
 ESTIMATION OF DISTANCE

The distance from Kuantan

to Pekan is 46 km.

46 km

a. What
a is the estimated distance from Kuantan to Chenor?
46 km
Kuantan Pekan
Kuantan Chenor
The estimated distance from Kuantan to Chenor is about 2 times
the distance from Kuantan to Pekan.
The estimated distance from Kuantan to Chenor is about 92 km.
b. State
b the estimated distance from Kuantan to Beserah.

46 km
Kuantan Pekan
Kuantan Beserah
The estimated distance from Kuantan to Beserah is approximately half
the distance from Kuantan to Pekan.
The estimated distance from Kuantan to Beserah is about 23 km.

Based on the map above, estimate the distance between these cities.
a Kuantan and Gambang b Kuantan and Maran
Saiz sebenar
• Use location map of pupilsʼ homes to estimate the distance from their houses
r’s
he
ac e s to the school, friendʼs house, library, and others. 5.1.5
Te n o t
176 • Ask pupils to check the answers using Google Maps.
 ADDITION OF LENGTH
1 What is the total length of the wire, in mm,
that is used to make a caterpillar craft and
a bubble blower? Caterpillar craft Bubble blower
66 cm 5 mm 36 cm 8 mm
66 cm 5 mm + 36 cm 8 mm = mm
Method 1 Method 2
cm mm 66 cm 5 mm = 660 mm + 5 mm
1
6 6 5 = 665 mm
+ 3 6 8 36 cm 8 mm = 360 mm + 8 mm
1 0 2 1 3 = 368 mm
102 cm = 102 × 10 1 1
= 1 020 mm 6 6 5 mm
102 cm 13 mm + 3 6 8 mm
= 1 020 mm + 13 mm 1 0 3 3 mm
= 1 033 mm
66 cm 5 mm + 36 cm 8 mm = 1 033 mm
The total length of the wire is 1 033 mm.
2 14 cm 9 mm + 57 cm + 16 cm 8 mm = mm
cm mm
1
88 cm = 88 × 10
1 4 9 = 880 mm
5 7 0
+ 1 6 8
87 17 88 cm 7 mm = 880 mm + 7 mm
+ 1 – 10 = 887 mm
88 7
14 cm 9 mm + 57 cm + 16 cm 8 mm = 887 mm
1 cm 6
7 1 mm
Discuss the answer 4 9 mm
in cm and mm.
+ 2 5 cm 3 mm
3 2 cm 5 8 mm
Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Surf https://www.math-only-math.com/worksheet-on-addition-in-metres-and-
he 5.1.6
ac e s centimetres.html
Te n o t
177
• Conduct a simulation of adding length of measurements using objects around
pupils.
 3 What is the distance from Kampung Enggor
to Parit through Manong?
29 km 800 m + 19 km 600 m = km m
29 km
km m
800 m
1
2 9 8 0 0
+ 1 9 6 0 0
4 8 1 4 0 0
+ 1 – 1 000
49 400
19 km 600 m
29 km 800 m + 19 km 600 m = 49 km 400 m
The distance from Kampung Enggor to Parit
through Manong is 49 km 400 m.
4 3 km 670 m + 2 km 124 m + 1 km 780 m = m
km m
1
3 6 7 0
2 1 2 4
+ 1 7 8 0
6 1 574 7 km 574 m = 7 000 m + 574 m
+ 1 – 1 0 00 = 7 574 m
7 5 7 4
3 km 670 m + 2 km 124 m + 1 km 780 m = 7 574 m

1 Calculate.
a cm mm b cm mm c km m
7 2 5 3 1 5 650
+ 4 7 2 + 6 5 + 8 349

2 Add.
aa 46 cm + 8 cm 3 mm + 7 cm 9 mm = cm mm
ba 225 m + 7 km 845 m + 3 km 605 m = km m
ca 36 km 24 m + 7 km 8 m + 14 km 935 m = m
Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Surf https://www.splashmath.com/measurement-games 5.1.6
he
ac e s • Surf https://www.math-only-math.com/addition-of-length.html
Te n o t
178
• Guide pupils to sort measurement units correctly before adding the respective
units.
 SUBTRACTION OF LENGTH
Changes in the body length
1 What is the difference in body length, of a goldfish
in mm, between a 2-year old and 24 cm 1 mm
a 1-month old goldfish? 2 years
24 cm 1 mm – 3 cm 7 mm = mm

24 cm 1 mm 3 cm 7 mm
= 240 mm + 1 mm = 30 mm + 7 mm 1 month
= 241 mm = 37 mm 3 cm 7 mm
Source: https://www.
myaquariumclub.com/stunting-
3 11 do-fish-like-goldfish-grow-
2 4 1 mm only-to-the-size-of-their-
tank-11606.html
– 3 7 mm
2 0 4 mm

24 cm 1 mm – 3 cm 7 mm = 204 mm
The difference in body length between a 2-year
old and a 1-month old goldfish is 204 mm.

2 71 cm 2 mm – 47 cm 6 mm – 95 mm = cm mm
cm mm cm mm
10 1 13
6 0 12
7 1 2 2 3 6
– 4 7 6 – 9 5 95 mm = 90 mm + 5 mm
1 4 1 = 9 cm 5 mm
2 3 6

71 cm 2 mm – 47 cm 6 mm – 95 mm = 14 cm 1 mm

E
FACTs AT A GLANC

The inch, feet, yard,

and mile are still
used to measure
length.
Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Surf https://www.onlinemathlearning.com/subtracting-lengths.html
he 5.1.7
ac e s • Based on the Facts at a Glance given, pupils conduct a discussion regarding
Te n o t
179
the units of inch, feet, yard, and mile.
 3 What is the difference in length
of both bridges based on the
information given?
Penang Bridge 24 km – 13 km 500 m = km m
13 km 500 m km m
3 1 0 00
2 4 0 0 0
– 1 3 5 0 0
1 0 5 0 0 SCAN THIS

24 km – 13 km 500 m = 10 km 500 m
Sultan Abdul Halim
Muadzam Shah Bridge The difference in length of both
24 km bridges is 10 km 500 m.

4 18 km – 7 km 600 m – 4 km 792 m = km m
km m km m
7 13 9
10 0 0 0 31010
1 8 0 0 0 9 14 0 0
– 7 6 0 0 1 0 4 0 0
1 0 4 0 0 – 4 7 9 2
5 6 0 8 SCAN THIS

18 km – 7 km 600 m – 4 km 792 m = 5 km 608 m

MIND
8 km 250 m
TEA

P Q R
S ER

14 km
The distance between city Q and city R is 5 750 m. Prove it.

Subtract.
a 18 cm 4 mm – 6 cm 8 mm = mm
b 63 cm 7 mm – 34 cm 9 mm – 27 cm 2 mm = cm mm
c 89 km 507 m – 75 km 648 m = km m
d 19 km – 10 km 450 m – 2 km 890 m = m
Saiz sebenar
• Surf https://www.onlinemathlearning.com/subtracting-lengths.html
r’s 5.1.7
he
ac e s
Te n o t • Explain the solution method by converting measurements involving km and m
180 to the required unit before performing the operation.
 MULTIPLICATION OF LENGTH
1 What is the total 5 × 7 cm 6 mm = mm
height, in mm, of
these 5 blocks? 7 cm 6 mm = 7 × 10 mm + 6 mm
= 70 mm + 6 mm
= 76 mm
3
7 6 mm
Height of × 5
5 blocks 3 8 0 mm
5 × 7 cm 6 mm = 380 mm
7 cm 6 mm The total height of the 5 blocks is 380 mm.

2 7 × 14 cm 9 mm = cm mm 3 9 × 2 km 480 m
cm mm = km m
2
km m
14 9 7
× 7 2 480
1 × 9
98 63
1
+ 6 –60 60 mm = 6 cm 18 4 320
1 04 3 4 000 m
+ 4 –4 000
= 4 km
22 320
7 × 14 cm 9 mm = 104 cm 3 mm
9 × 2 km 480 m
= 22 km 320 m

1 Multiply. 2
2 km 940
m

a 6 × 4 cm 7 mm = cm mm
b 5 × 904 m = km m Calculate Navin’s to
c 2 × 13 cm 8 mm = cm mm and fro total travelling
d 5 × 679 m = km m distance, in km and m,
e 8 × 35 km 125 m = km from his home to school.
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Practise multiplying measurements of length, with and without conversion of units.
HE
AC E S • Start the lesson by multiplying without conversion of units. 5.1.8
TE T
NO 181
• Prepare sets of two questions with the same answer. After pupils have solved the
questions, they find a partner who has the same answer.
 DIVISION OF LENGTH
1
120 cm 8 mm of wood is used
to make a picture frame.
What is the length of one side of a square
picture frame?
120 cm 8 mm ÷ 4 = cm mm
3 0 cm 2 mm
4 1 2 0 cm 8 mm
– 1 2 –8
00 0
– 0
0
120 cm 8 mm ÷ 4 = 30 cm 2 mm
The length of one side of a square picture frame is 30 cm 2 mm.

What is the length of

one side of a regular
octagonal picture frame,
as shown, if the same total
length of wood is used?

2 60 cm 2 mm ÷ 7 = mm

8 cm 6 mm
7 6 0 cm 2 mm
8 cm 6 mm = 80 mm + 6 mm
–56 +40
4 cm = 86 mm
4 42
= 40 mm
–42
0

60 cm 2 mm ÷ 7 = 86 mm
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Remind pupils to give their answers according to the required unit.
HE
AC E S • Surf https://www.onlinemathlearning.com/dividing-lengths.html 5.1.9
TE
182 NO
T
 3 12 km ÷ 5 = km m 4 7 km 280 m ÷ 4 = km m
2 km 400m 1 km 820m
5 1 2 km 0m 4 7 km 280m
–10 +2 000 –4 +3 000
2 km 3 km
2 2 000 3 3 280
= 2 000 m = 3 000 m
–2 0 –3 2
00 08
– 0 – 8
00 00
– 0 – 0
0 0

12 km ÷ 5 = 2 km 400 m 7 km 280 m ÷ 4 = 1 km 820 m

1 Divide.
a 245 mm ÷ 7 = cm mm
b 67 km ÷ 5 = km m
c 20 cm 4 mm ÷ 6 = cm mm
d 7 km 48 m ÷ 2 = km m
e 53 cm 6 mm ÷ 4 = mm
f 89 km 250 m ÷ 3 = km m

2 Complete the table.

Shape

Total length of
wire used 86 cm 4 mm 73 cm 2 mm

Length of one side

cm mm cm mm
of shape

Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Surf https://braingenie.ck12.org/skills/102021
HE
AC E S • Conduct a quiz involving division of units of length in groups. 5.1.9
TE T
NO 183
 ADDITION AND SUBTRACTION OF MASS
1 What is the mass of the flour, in g, 4 kg of wheat flour
to make biscuits? and 1 kg of rice flour
4 kg + 1 kg – 130 g = g are needed.
9
4 1010
4 kg 5 000g Then, I put aside
+ 1 kg – 1 30g 130 g to be sprinkled
into the moulds.
5 kg 4 870g
RICE
FLOUR

4 kg + 1 kg – 130 g = 4 870 g WHEAT

FLOUR

The mass of the flour to make

biscuits is 4 870 g.
2 8 kg 20 g – 630 g + 4 kg = kg g
9
0 10 12
11 1 02 0
8 kg 2 0 g 1 2 kg 020g
+ 4 kg – 630g
1 2 kg 2 0 g 1 1 kg 390g
8 kg 20 g – 630 g + 4 kg = 11 kg 390 g

3 180 g + 67 kg 50 g – 490 g = g
Which method do
Method 1 you choose? Why?

Method 2
kg g
11
kg g 11
1 6 1 13
0 1 13
1
6 12 3 0 1 80g 67 230g
1 80 67 230 +6 7 0 5 0 g – 490g
+67 050 – 490 67 230g 66 740g
67 230 66 740
66 kg 740 g = 66 000 g + 740 g
= 66 740 g

Saiz sebenar
180 g + 67 kg 50 g – 490 g = 66 740 g
R’S
• Add and subtract units of mass based on situations and through simulation activity.
HE
AC E S • Explain that adding and subtracting mass is the same as adding and subtracting 5.2.1
TE
184 NO
T
whole numbers.
• Emphasise on how to write 67 kg 50 g in unit of g, e.g. 67 050 g.
 4 12 kg 740 g + 5 kg 950 g – 3 885 g = g
kg g
12 740 18 kg 690 g = 18 690 g
+ 5 950
7 16 8 10
17 1 690 1 8 690g
+ 1 – 1 000 – 3 885g
18 690 1 4 805g

12 kg 740 g + 5 kg 950 g – 3 885 g = 14 805 g

2 kg + 5 kg – 7 g = 0.
Is the number sentence
correct? Discuss.

E
FACTS AT A GLANC
Pound (lb), ounce (oz), catty, and tael are also used to
measure mass of an object.

1 Solve these.
a 23 kg + 18 kg – 6 940 g = g
b 9 010 g – 720 g + 5 kg = kg g
c 8 kg 5 g + 3 kg 670 g – 2 490 g = g
d 825 g + 13 kg 718 g – 4 960 g = kg g
e 12 kg 218 g – 620 g + 3 kg 410 g = kg g
f 3 kg 50 g – 265 g + 1 kg 700 g = g

2 Subtract 18 kg 565 g from the sum of 72 kg 310 g and 80 g.

Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Pay attention to the regrouping method from g to kg and vice versa.
HE
AC E S • Emphasise that when the value is more than 1 000 g, carry out conversion of units. 5.2.1
TE T
NO 185
 MULTIPLICATION AND DIVISION OF MASS
1 Father repackaged 2 packets of 10 kg rice into 8 small
LO C
packets. What is the mass, in g, of each small packet? AL
LO C A L RI CE
2 × 10 kg ÷ 8 = g RI CE

10 kg = 10 000 g 10 000g 2 500g

× 2 8 20 000g 10 KG
20 0 00 g –16 10 KG
0 4 10 kg 10 kg
0 –4
00
– 0
00
2 × 10 kg ÷ 8 = 2 500 g – 0
0
The mass of each small packet is 2 500 g.

2 9 × 1 600 g ÷ 4 = kg g

Method 1 Method 2
5 3 600g 400
1 600g 4 14 400g 9 × 1 600 g
= 3 600 g
× 9 –12 4
1
1 4 400g 2 4
–2 4 3 600 g
00
– 0
00
3 000 g 600 g
– 0
= 3 kg
0
3 600 g = 3 000 g + 600 g
= 3 kg 600 g

Saiz sebenar 9 × 1 600 g ÷ 4 = 3 kg 600 g

R’S
• Guide pupils on multiplying and dividing units of mass through simulation activity.
HE
AC E S
5.2.2
TE
186 NO
T
 3 18 kg 30 g ÷ 5 × 6 = kg g
3 kg 0 606g
kg g
5 1 8 kg 30g 3
–15 +3 000 3 606
3 3 030 × 6
–0 18 3 636
3 0 + 3 –3 000
–3 0 21 636
03
– 0
30 18 kg 30 g ÷ 5 × 3 = g
–30 Discuss.
0
18 kg 30 g ÷ 5 × 6 = 21 kg 636 g

A GLANCE
4 7 kg 14 g × 3 ÷ 9 = g FACTS AT

1 2 380g
7 1 40g 9 21 420g
× 3 – 18
2 1 420g 3 4
Joon –2 7 The mass of a whale
72 25 up to 30 metric tones
Is Joon’s answer –72 (25 000 up to 30 000 kg)
correct? Discuss. 00 Headache Relief
– 0
Tablet medicine
0 Headache relief 500 mg. 500 milligram

Solve these.
a 931 g ÷ 7 × 9 = g b 9 kg 630 g ÷ 3 × 4 = kg g
c 5 × 3 kg 648 g ÷ 8 = kg g d 13 kg 56 g ÷ 2 × 6 = kg g
e 3 × 2 kg ÷ 8 = g f 7 × 2 480 g ÷ 5 = kg g
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Expose various strategies such as the elimination method to simplify calculation.
HE 5.2.2
AC E S • Enhance pupils’ understanding on how to write mass in the required unit.
TE T
NO 187
E.g. 10 kg 65 g is written as 10 065 g in unit of g.
 ADDITION AND SUBTRACTION

Ceria
OF VOLUME OF LIQUID
1 After mixing paint and water, Armund’s
father used 500 mℓ of the mixture to paint
©
the walls. What is the remaining volume,

DECORATIVE PAINT
UNLEAKING
UNLEAKI
N G D ECO R AT I V E PA I N T
t
in mℓ, of the mixture?
Waterfigh
E l a st i c 450 mℓ

5 ℓ + 450 mℓ – 500 mℓ =
k i n g
R e s i st a nt t o c r
Heat-resis
a c
t a nt mℓ
i st a nt
5 litres Weather-res

4 14
5 ℓ + 450 mℓ = 5 ℓ 450 mℓ 5 4 5 0 mℓ
= 5 000 mℓ + 450 mℓ – 5 0 0 mℓ
= 5 450 mℓ 4 9 5 0 mℓ

5 ℓ + 450 mℓ – 500 mℓ = 4 950 mℓ

The remaining volume of the mixture
is 4 950 mℓ.

2 4 ℓ 80 mℓ – 360 mℓ + 7 ℓ = ℓ mℓ
3 108 0
4 ℓ 0 8 0 mℓ 3 ℓ 7 2 0 mℓ
– 3 6 0 mℓ + 7 ℓ 0 0 0 mℓ
3 ℓ 7 2 0 mℓ 1 0 ℓ 7 2 0 mℓ

4 ℓ 80 mℓ – 360 mℓ + 7 ℓ = 10 ℓ 720 mℓ

3 8 ℓ 320 mℓ + 4 ℓ 905 mℓ – 11 700 mℓ = ℓ mℓ

ℓ mℓ
8 320
+ 4 905 ℓ mℓ
2 12 2 5
12 1 225 1 3 2 2 5
+ 1 – 1 0 0 0 – 1 1 7 0 0
1 3 225 1 525

8 ℓ 320 mℓ + 4 ℓ 905 mℓ – 1 1 700 mℓ = 1 ℓ 525 mℓ

Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Conduct a simulation activity using liquid and measuring cylinders to describe
HE
AC E S the concept of addition and subtraction of volume of liquid. 5.3.1
TE
188 NO
T
• Provide a situation involving addition and subtraction of volume of liquid.
In groups, ask pupils to create a number sentence.
 4 6 ℓ – 1 ℓ 300 mℓ + 590 mℓ = mℓ
ℓ mℓ
4 700
ℓ mℓ + 590
5 10 0 0
6 000 4 1 2 90
–1 300 + 1 – 1 000
5 ℓ 290 mℓ = 5 000 mℓ + 290 mℓ
4 700 5 2 90 = 5 290 mℓ

6 ℓ – 1 ℓ 300 mℓ + 590 mℓ = 5 290 mℓ

MIND
3 ℓ 5 mℓ + 7 ℓ – R mℓ = 9 006 mℓ
TEA

What is the value of R?

S ER

E
FACTS AT A GLANC
The units gallon (gal), quart (qt), and pint (pt) are still used
to state the volume of liquid.

O ri

i
Or
K
IL LK
M M
I
1 4 gallons 5 gallons
1 quart pint
quart pint 2

Solve these.
a 4 ℓ + 83 mℓ – 765 mℓ = mℓ
b 8 070 mℓ – 4 210 mℓ + 8 ℓ = ℓ mℓ
c 5 ℓ 620 mℓ + 2 ℓ 438 mℓ – 3 790 mℓ = ℓ mℓ
d 7 ℓ 30 mℓ – 1 ℓ 800 mℓ + 6 162 mℓ = mℓ
e 6 259 mℓ + 2 ℓ 85 mℓ – 3 470 mℓ = mℓ
f 2 413 mℓ + 6 ℓ 870 mℓ – 5 090 mℓ = ℓ mℓ
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• In groups, conduct a bingo game or quiz.
HE
AC E S
5.3.1
TE T
NO 189
 MULTIPLICATION AND DIVISION
OF VOLUME OF LIQUID
1 What is the volume of juice, in mℓ, for each person?
3×1ℓ÷8= mℓ
3×1 ℓ= 3ℓ 3 boxes of 1 ℓ juice are
poured equally into
3 ℓ = 3 000 mℓ 8 glasses.

3 7 5 mℓ
8 3 0 0 0 mℓ
–2 4
60
–56
40
–40
0
1ℓ 1ℓ

3 × 1 ℓ ÷ 8 = 375 mℓ
Each person gets 375 mℓ of juice.

2 18 ℓ ÷ 4 × 7 = mℓ
Method 1 Method 2

18 ℓ = 18 × 1 000 18 ℓ × 7
= 18 000 mℓ 4
4 500
4 5 0 0 mℓ 3 = 18 000 mℓ × 7
4 18 0 0 0 mℓ 4 5 0 0 mℓ 4
–1 6 × 7 1
2 0 3 1 5 0 0 mℓ = 31 500 mℓ
–2 0
00
– 0
00
– 0
0
18 ℓ ÷ 4 × 7 = 31 500 mℓ
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Conduct a simulation to enhance pupils’ understanding.
HE
AC E S
5.3.2
TE
190 NO
T
 3 7 × 8 ℓ 25 mℓ ÷ 3 = ℓ mℓ
18 7 2 5 mℓ
Convert 8 ℓ 25 mℓ 3 56 1 7 5 mℓ
to 8 025 mℓ. –3
26
1 3
8 0 2 5 mℓ –24 18 725 mℓ
× 7 2 1 = 18 000 mℓ + 725 mℓ
–2 1 = 18 ℓ 725 mℓ
5 6 1 7 5 mℓ
07
– 6
15
–1 5
0
7 × 8 ℓ 25 mℓ ÷ 3 = 18 ℓ 725 mℓ

4 56 ℓ 20 mℓ ÷ 5 × 4 = ℓ mℓ

1 1ℓ 2 4 mℓ ℓ mℓ
5 56ℓ 2 0 mℓ 1
1 1 24
–5
× 4
06 12
Gana – 5 –10 44 96
1 20
–20 Help Gana to identify
0 his mistake.

Solve these.
a 1 800 mℓ ÷ 2 × 5 = ℓ b 48 ℓ ÷ 3 × 4 = mℓ
c 9 × 2 ℓ 50 mℓ ÷ 6 = ℓ mℓ d 8 × 4 ℓ 5 mℓ ÷ 9 = mℓ
e 10 248 mℓ ÷ 4 × 7 = ℓ mℓ f 33 ℓ 72 mℓ ÷ 8 × 3 = mℓ
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Conduct quizzes and cross-number puzzles to enhance pupils’ understanding.
HE
AC E S
5.3.2
TE T
NO 191
 Circuit Length of
SOLVE THE PROBLEMS wire used
1 Asri built 3 types of circuits. What is the total A 28 cm 7 mm
B 29 cm 8 mm
length of wire used for the three circuits? C 32 cm 6 mm
Understand the problem Plan the strategy
Length of circuit wires: Add
A: 28 cm 7 mm, B: 29 cm 8 mm 28 cm 7 mm + 29 cm 8 mm
and C: 32 cm 6 mm. + 32 cm 6 mm =
Calculate the total length of wire.
Solve
cm mm
Check 1
cm mm cm mm 2 8 7
890
10
11 4517
7 15 2 9 8
9 1 1 5 8 5 + 3 2 6
– 3 2 6 – 2 9 8 89 21
5 8 5 2 8 7 + 2 – 20
91 1

28 cm 7 mm + 29 cm 8 mm + 32 cm 6 mm = 91 cm 1 mm
The total length of wire is 91 cm 1 mm.

2 A treasure hunt competition starts from city A to city C through city B.

Calculate the distance from city B to city C.
54 km 290 m
A 36 km 775 m B ? C
Solve 54 km 290 m – 36 km 775 m =

4 13 810 1 1 1
5 3 12 9 0 Check 1 7 km 5 1 5 m
5 4 km 2 9 0 m
+ 3 6 km 7 7 5 m
– 3 6 km 7 7 5 m
5 3 km 1 29 0 m
1 7 km 5 1 5 m
+ 1 km – 1 0 0 0 m
5 4 km 29 0 m
54 km 290 m – 36 km 775 m = 17 km 515 m
Distance from city B to city C is 17 km 515 m.
Saiz sebenar
he
r’s • Guide pupils to underline information or keywords for the problems given.
ac e s
Te n o t
192 • Vary the problem solving strategies such as by drawing a picture, simulation, 5.4.1
and making a model.
 3 Professor Faizal successfully
created a herbal drink
by adding three types of
herbal solutions with a
total volume of 1 430 mℓ.
Based on the table, which
solutions are used? Solution Volume
A 492 mℓ
B 485 mℓ
C 482 mℓ
D 463 mℓ

Solve Trial and error method

1 430 mℓ = mℓ + mℓ + mℓ
• Look at the ones value in 1 430. The ones value is 0.
• The sum of the three numbers must be a multiple of 10.
First trial
• The sum of the ones values 2, 5 and 3 in 492 mℓ, 485 mℓ
and 463 mℓ respectively is 10.

492 mℓ + 485 mℓ + 463 mℓ = 1 440 mℓ

(the total volume of solution A, B and D is not equal to 1 430 mℓ)
Second trial
• The sum of the ones value 5, 2 and 3 in 485 mℓ, 482 mℓ
and 463 mℓ respectively is 10.

485 mℓ + 482 mℓ + 463 mℓ = 1 430 mℓ
(the total volume of solution B, C and D is equal to 1 430 mℓ)
The answer for the second trial is correct.

Check 1 1 1
4 8 5 mℓ 9 6 7 mℓ
+ 4 8 2 mℓ + 4 6 3 mℓ
9 6 7 mℓ 1 4 3 0 mℓ

The solutions used are solution B, C and D.

Saiz sebenar
r’s • Guide pupils to solve problems using the trial and error method.
he
ac e s
Te n o t
5.4.1 193
 4 The calendar shows the date of items April 2020
delivery by Mr Arul from the factory to Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat

Maju Shop. He starts delivering items on 1 2 3 4

5 6 7 8 9 10 11
4 April 2020. The two-way distance from 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
the factory to Maju Shop is 86 km 900 m. 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
26 27 28 29 30

a What is the one-way distance from the factory to Maju Shop?

b What is the total delivery distance travelled by Mr Arul?
Solve
a One-way distance from the factory to Maju Shop:
86 km 900 m ÷ 2 =
4 3 km 4 5 0 m
2 8 6 km 9 0 0 m
– 8 – 8
0 6 1 0
– 6 – 1 0
0 0 0
– 0
0
86 km 900 m ÷ 2 = 43 km 450 m
The one-way distance from the factory to Maju Shop is 43 km 450 m.
b Mr Arul’s delivery date: 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24 and 28 April (7 days)
Total delivery distance: 7 × 86 km 900 m =
km m
4
8 6 9 0 0
× 7
6 02 6 300
+ 6 – 6 000
608 30 0

7 × 86 km 900 m = 608 km 300 m

The total delivery distance travelled by Mr Arul
Saiz sebenar is 608 km 300 m.
r’s
• Surf https://www.khanacademy.org/math/cc-third-grade-math/cc-third-grade-
he 5.4.1
ac e s measurement/cc-third-grade-mass-volume/e/measure-mass
Te n o t
194
 Solve the problems.
1 Puan Hamidah used pink, white, and black ribbons to decorate
her childʼs birthday gift. The length of the ribbons are as shown:
Ribbon colour Length
Black 36 cm 3 mm
Pink 67 cm 2 mm
White 268 mm

What is the total length of ribbons, in mm, used?

2 Mr Kimbua undergoes a running training of 3 km 260 m daily.
Calculate his running distance in a week.
3 Based on the information in the table, what is the length of the Pahang River?
Name of river Length
Pahang River 88 km less than Rajang River
Rajang River 323 km more than Kelantan River
Kelantan River 240 km

4 The total mass of Maniam, Norzi, and Ong is 150 kg. Norziʼs mass is
35 kg 200 g. Ongʼs mass is 950 g more than Norziʼs. What is
Maniamʼs mass?
5 Calculate the total mass of the turkey and the chicken.

4 kg 600 g 2 kg 100 g less than the

turkeyʼs mass

6 The mass of 5 equal steel balls is 8 kg. Calculate the mass, in kg and
g, of 4 steel balls.
7 The volume of water in container P The volume of water in
is 395 mℓ less than container Q. container Q is 1 ℓ 70 mℓ.

a Based on the information above, calculate the total volume of water

in containers P and Q.
b The water in container Q is poured equally into 2 cups. What is the
volume of water in each cup? Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Provide more problem solving questions involving daily life situations.
he
ac e s
5.4.1
Te n o t • Vary the questions and methods such as working backwards, drawing diagrams, 195
and logical reasoning.
 RIID
DR DDD
ND
IN

L
E
M

MEASUREMENT ADVENTURE
Tools/ Question cards, A4/display papers (to do the
Materials solution and jot down the answers), and pens.

How to conduct the activity

Teacher
prepares Divide pupils
a set of into five
questions for groups.
each station.

Teacher blows the

Teacher checks whistle and each
the answers and group answers their
calculates the own questions.
scores. The group
with the highest
score wins.
SCAN THIS

After 3 minutes,
Each group goes teacher blows the
back to their whistle again. Each
respective station group moves clockwise
after they have to the next station and
finished answering answers the questions.
questions at four
other stations.
Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Prepare a set of questions for every station. The number of questions can be
he
ac e s added or reduced based on pupilsʼ abilities.
Te n o t
196 5.1 - 5.4
 MIND CHALLENGE
1 Write mm”
” or km”.
”
a The width of a bookmark is 40 .
b The distance from Nurulʼs house to the library is 5 .
c The length of a screw is measured in the unit of .
d The length of a river is stated in the unit of .
2 State the measurement of the objects.

sticky note

0 mm 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 15

a The length of the thumbtack is .

b The length of the sticky note is .
3 2 km
Jennyʼs Mugunʼs House
House Post Office
Estimate the distance from Mugunʼs house to the post office.
4 Complete these.
a 65 mm = cm mm b 84 km = m
c 13 cm 2 mm = mm d 9 083 m = km m
e 7 km 18 m = m f 504 mm = cm mm
5 Solve these.
a 12 cm 3 mm + 7 cm 2 mm + 6 cm 9 mm = cm mm
b 42 km 963 m + 17 km 390 m + 2 km = km m
c 36 cm 2 mm – 29 cm 9 mm = cm mm
d 76 km 45 m – 23 km 371 m – 18 km 954 m = km m
e 3 × 25 cm 8 mm = cm mm
f 9 × 3 km 640 m = km m
g 49 cm 6 mm ÷ 8 = mm
h 74 km 910 m ÷ 6 = km m Saiz sebenar

5.1 197
 6 Calculate.
a 28 kg 833 g + 19 kg 110 g – 14 kg 495 g = kg g
b 48 kg 440 g × 2 ÷ 8 = kg g
c 5 ℓ 245 mℓ + 36 ℓ 973 mℓ – 8 ℓ = ℓ mℓ
d 9 × 6 ℓ 455 mℓ ÷ 3 = mℓ
7 Solve the problems.
a The table shows the length of Wire Length
three wires, K, L and M. Find the K 27 cm 6 mm
length, in cm and mm, of wire M. L 5 cm 4 mm more than K
M 3 cm 8 mm more than L

b The diagram shows the distance from Kim Lengʼs house to

the National Science Centre.
Kim Leng drives to the National
Science Centre. His car broke down 13 km
after driving a distance of 2 km 50 m. Kim Lengʼs National
What is the remaining distance, in m, house Science Centre
that he needs to travels?

c The diagram shows a route map.

B Kamala drives from A to C using the
7 km 65   m 9 km 580 m
shortest route and goes back using the
A 15 km 97 m C
farthest route. Calculate the total distance,
6 km 873 m in km, that Kamala travels.
10 km 564 m
D

d The mass of a cake is 1 kg 472 g. The cake is cut into 8 equal parts.
What is the mass, in g, of 3 parts?

e The diagram shows the volume of goatʼs

milk in two containers, R and S. 23 ℓ 400 mℓ
of the goatʼs milk is sold. Calculate the R S
remaining volume, in ℓ and mℓ.
16 ℓ 800 mℓ 15 ℓ 950 mℓ
Saiz sebenar
r’s
he
ac e s
Te n o t
198 5.2 - 5.4
 6 SPACE

RECOGNISE ANGLES
1 At the corners of this rectangle, there are spaces where the two
straight lines meet. It is called an angle. This angle is a right angle.

A square
has four
right angles.

4 vertices.
4 angles.

right
angle

vertex

2 This triangle has

acute angles. The acute
angle is smaller than
the right angle.

acute
angle
equilateral isosceles
triangle triangle
• Emphasise that the number of angles is equal to the number of vertices.
Saiz sebenar
R’S • Carry out paper folding activities to recognise right angle and acute angle.
HE
AC E S
6.1.1
TE
NO
T Differentiate both angles. 199
• Explain the meaning of the red marks on the equilateral triangle and isosceles
triangle.
 3 obtuse TIPs
angle A scalene triangle
has three unequal
scalene An obtuse angle is sides.
triangle bigger than a right
angle.

A scalene triangle has 1 obtuse angle and 2 .

MIND
A regular polygon has 6 vertices. How many angles
TEA

does this polygon have? Name the type of angle.

S ER

FUN EXPLORATION Triangle Chart

Complete the mind map shown below. Then, present your work.
Shapes

equilateral isosceles scalene right-angled

triangle triangle triangle triangle
• acute angles • acute angles • obtuse angle • right angle
• equal sides • equal sides • acute angles • acute angles
• unequal sides

1 Label and name the angles of the following shapes.

a b c

2 angle is bigger than angle.

Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Guide pupils to use geoboards to form angles in rectangles, squares,
HE
AC E S and various triangles. 6.1.1
TE
200 NO
T
• Surf https://www.ixl.com/math/grade-5/types-of-angles
• Carry out simulation activities using parts of the body to represent angles.
 PARALLEL LINES AND PERPENDICULAR LINES
Look at this hopscotch grid. The vertical
1 distance drawn between the two lines are examples of parallel lines
always equal and do not cross each other.

These are
parallel lines.

Let’s look at the

The lines
middle frame of
intersect at the
the window.
right angle. These
lines are known
as perpendicular
lines.

North

examples of
West East
perpendicular
lines
South

Which are parallel

lines? Which are
P perpendicular
Q S lines?
R
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Ask pupils to explore the examples of parallel lines and perpendicular lines outside
HE
AC E S the classroom and make a circle map. 6.2.1
TE T
NO 201
• Surf https://www.ixl.com/math/grade-5/parallel-perpendicular-and-intersecting-
lines
 3
Let’s draw parallel lines. We use the exercise book, a pencil, and a ruler.

1 2

Place the ruler and draw

straight lines on both sides of Parallel lines
the ruler. are formed.

Will the parallel lines

intersect? Discuss.

4 Let’s draw perpendicular lines.

1 2

Place the ruler and Place a second ruler as

draw a horizontal line. shown in the picture.
Draw a vertical line.

4 3

Perpendicular Draw a
lines are formed. right angle.
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Carry out drawing parallel lines activity using two pencils which are tied
HE
AC E S together and drawing perpendicular lines activity using other suitable 6.2.2
TE
202 NO
T
objects such as lines on graph paper and boxes.
 1 The diagram shows a square and a rectangle.
P Q K L

N M
S R
a State the lines which are perpendicular to lines PQ and KN.
b State the lines which are parallel to lines PS and KL.

2 The diagram shows

a road map.
Merpati Road
a State the street

Helang Road
which is parallel
a
to Merpati Road.
k Ro
ra
Nuri Road
Me

b State the streets

which form Eng
ga
perpendicular lines. ng
Ro
a d

3 Draw a parallel line to the straight line RS.

a S
b
R
S
R

4 Draw a perpendicular line to the straight line TQ.

a Q b
Q

T
T
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Use MS Word or geoboard to construct parallel lines and perpendicular lines.
HE
AC E S • Surf https://www.mathgames.com/skill/4.3-parallel-perpendicular-intersecting and 6.2.1
TE T
NO 6.2.2 203
https://www.turtlediary.com/quiz/parallel-perpendicular-intersecting-lines.html
 PERIMETER
1
Teacher, we are going to
Today we are decorate the card with ribbons.
going to decorate
a Mother’s Day
card.

a Let’s calculate the length of the green

The length of the green
ribbon. The length of 1 square is 1 unit.
ribbon is 16 units. The
length of the outline of the
4 units card is called perimeter.

TIPs
4 units 4 units Perimeter is
the total length
of all sides.
4 units

4 units + 4 units + 4 units + 4 units = 16 units

b What is the length of the red ribbon used?

2 units The length of the red ribbon is
the perimeter of the hexagon.
HAPPY
Mother's Perimeter
Day = + + + + +
=
Calculate the perimeter of a regular
pentagon with the sides of 8 cm.
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Introduce the concept of perimeter by walking around the badminton court
HE
AC E S and netball court. 6.3.1
TE
204 NO
T
• Carry out activities to find the perimeter of a table, blackboard, book cover,
and door using a ruler and a measuring tape.
 2 Perimeter

equilateral triangle isosceles triangle right-angled triangle

8 cm 13 cm
7 cm 5 cm

6 cm 12 cm
3 × 7 cm = 21 cm 8 cm + 8 cm + 6 cm 5 cm
= cm
+ 1 2 cm

18 m
3

10 m 6m

Perimeter of a rectangle Perimeter of a regular octagon

= 18 m + 10 m + + = × 6 m
= m = m
MIND
Name a regular polygon
TEA

with the perimeter of 15 cm.

S ER

Find the perimeter of each of the shapes below.

3 cm
a b c
6m 5m

7 cm

4 cm 7m
• Surf https://www.ixl.com/math/grade-5/perimeter-with-whole-number-side- Saiz sebenar
R’S
lengths
HE
AC E S • Carry out activities to construct shapes of equal perimeters but with different 6.3.1
TE T
NO 205
length of sides.
• Explain the meaning of the red marks on the sides of polygon.
 AREA The length of each side of this square is 1 unit. The size
of the surface is 1 square unit. We are going to paste
1 this shape to cover all the space in the rectangle.

a b
A row is
covered by
4 squares.

I paste So, the size of the surface

12 squares. is 12 square units. The size of A column is covered
the surface is called area. by 3 squares.
c

This is read as
1 square unit.

1unit2
TIPs
1 unit Area is stated
in square units.
1 unit 1 unit2

Length Width Number of square units Length × Width Area

4 units 3 units 12 square units 4 units × 3 units 12 square units

2 What is the area

4 cm area = length × width
of the square?
= 4 cm × 4 cm
4 cm = 16 cm2

The area of the square

is 16 square cm.
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Based on the area given, use square grids measuring 1 square unit to draw
HE
AC E S a square and a rectangle. 6.3.2
TE
206 NO
T
• Emphasise that cm × cm = cm2 and m × m = m2.
 3 Find the area of the blue wall.
Area of the blue wall
= length × width
=6m×3m
= m2
3m
6m 100 cm
3m
100 cm
Amirah wants to
cover the yellow 400 cm
wall with wallpaper. 300 cm
Which size would she
choose? Why?
P Q

A rectangle can be split The area of a is

4
into two equal triangles. half the area of a .

6 cm

Method 1 8 cm

Area = Area of rectangle Method 2

2 1
8 cm × 6 cm Area = × base × height
= 2
2
height 1 4
2 = × 8 cm × 6 cm
= 48 cm 2
2 1
= 24 cm2 base = 24 cm2

TIPs
Height and base of height base height
various triangles. height
base
base Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Emphasise that the area of a triangle is half the area of a rectangle or a square.
HE
AC E S • Train pupils to identify the base and height of various triangles. 6.3.2
TE T
NO 207
 5 Find the area of triangle PQR.
P Card 1
1 12
Area of PQR = × 24 cm × 16 cm
20 cm 2
1
16 cm = 192 cm2 Card 2
1 10
R 24 cm Q Area of PQR = × 24 cm × 20 cm
2
1
Which card shows the
= 240 cm2
correct calculation? Why?
1 unit
MIND 1 unit
Is the area of triangle
TEA

R equal to the area of

S ER

triangle S? Prove it. R S

1 Calculate the area of the following shapes shown on

the square grid below. 1 unit
1 unit
b c d
a

2 Calculate the area of the following quadrilaterals and triangle.

a 2 cm b c
15 m
9 cm 12 m
13 cm
18 m
3 Find the area of an isosceles 4 The area of rectangle P is equal
triangle from this shape. to the area of square R. State the
value of k.
4 cm R
k P
32 cm
Saiz sebenar 4 cm 8 cm
R’S
• Surf https://www.ixl.com/math/grade-5/area-of-squares-and-rectangles
HE
AC E S and https://www.ixl.com/math/grade-5/area-of-triangles 6.3.2
TE
208 NO
T
• Guide pupils to explore various shapes of equal perimeters but with different
areas and vice versa.
 VOLUME The volume of this small cube is 1 cubic unit.
How many 1 cubic unit cubes did you use?
1 a Teacher, I used
6 of 1 cubic
unit cubes.

I used 27 of
1 cubic unit cubes.

Volume of cube
This is 1 unit = length × width × height
read as 1 unit3 = 1 unit × 1 unit × 1 unit
1 cubic
1 unit 1 unit = 1 unit3
unit.

TIPS
Volume is a three dimensional space
enclosed by the amount of space it takes
up. Volume is quantified in cubic unit.

b The box is filled with 6 cubes. c The cube model contains

27 cubes.
3 units
1 unit 1 2 3 4 5 6 3 units
1 unit
width
height 1 2 3 3 units
6 units 4 5 6
length
7 8 9

Volume of the box Volume of the cube model

= volume of 6 cubes = volume of 27 cubes
= 6 units3 = 27 units3
Volume Volume
= 6 units × 1 unit × 1 unit = 3 units × 3 units × 3 units
= 6 units3 = 27 units3
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Conduct this activity: Combine a few cubes of 1 cubic unit to form a model and
HE
AC E S state the volume, or fill a few cubes of 1 cubic unit into certain sizes of boxes and 6.4.1
TE T
NO 209
state the volume covered by the cubes.
 2 Calculate the volume of cube A.
B
Volume of cube A
4 cm A = 4 cm × 4 cm × 4 cm A
= 64 cm3
Estimate the volume
of cube B.

3 What is the volume of cuboid W? 2m

2m
Is the volume of
3m W cuboid T equal
2m to the volume of
6m cuboid W? TT 9m
Volume = Base area × Height
=6m×2m×3m
=

MIND
The shaded surface area
2m
TEA

of the container is 12 m2.

S ER

Calculate the volume

of the container.

1 State the volume of the blocks built a 1 2 b 1 2

3 4
3
by 1 cubic unit cubes. 4 5
6

2 Calculate the volume of cube L, cuboid M, and a tissue box.

a b c
4 cm
3 cm L M 5 cm
3 cm
8 cm 7 cm
9 cm
3 The area of the yellow surface is 15 cm2.
4 cm What is the volume of this cuboid?
Saiz sebenar
• Guide pupils to find the base area multiplied by height to calculate the volume
R’S of a cube or a cuboid.
AC
HE
S
6.4.1
TE O TE
210 N • Surf https://www.ixl.com/math/grade-5/volume-of-rectangular-prisms-made-
of-unit-cubes and https://www.ixl.com/math/grade-5/volume-of-cubes-and-
rectangular-prisms
 SOLVE THE PROBLEMS
1 The picture shows a square-shaped cow
farm. Zaini wants to build a fence around
the farm. The length of one side of the
fence is 16 m.
a
What is the total length of the fence?
b
Calculate the area of the cow farm.
Understand the problem Plan the strategy
- square shape Draw a diagram. The length of all
- length of one side of the sides of the square are equal.
fence is 16 m
- find the total length of
the fence
- find the area of the farm

16 m
Solve
a 16 m + 16 m + 16 m + 16 m = m
2 3
1 6 m b Area of the cow farm 1 6 m
1 6m = length × width × 1 6 m
1 6m = 16 m × 16 m
+1 6 m 1 96
= 256 m2 + 1 60
64m
2 5 6 m2
Check
The length of a goat
a 2 b 1 6m farm is 4 m longer than
1 6 m
16 m 2 5 6 m2 the length of the cow
× 4
– 1 6 farm. Given that the
6 4 m 9 6 width of both farms
– 9 6 are equal. Calculate the
0 area of the goat farm.
The total length of the fence is 64 m.
The area of the cow farm is 256 m2. Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Guide pupils to draw a diagram to solve the problem.
HE
AC E S
6.5.1
TE T
NO 211
 2 David arranges Rubik’s cubes with the sides
of 4 cm into a box as shown in the picture.
8 cm
How many Rubik’s cubes can be placed in
the box?
12 cm 16 cm
Understand the problem
- The length of each side of the Rubik’s cube Plan the strategy
is 4 cm.
- The size of the box is 16 cm × 12 cm × 8 cm.
4 cm
- Find the number of Rubik’s cubes in the box.
4 cm 4 cm
Solve
Volume of box = 16 cm × 12 cm × 8 cm Volume of Rubik’s cube
= 1 536 cm3 = 4 cm × 4 cm × 4 cm
1 = 64 cm3
1 6 cm
2
× 1 2 cm 7 1 4 cm 1 6 cm2
32 1 9 2 cm2
× 4 cm × 4 cm
+ 1 60 × 8 cm
1 9 2 cm2 1 6 cm2 6 4 cm3
1 5 3 6 cm3

Divide 1 536 by 24
64 to find the 64 1 5 3 6
number of Discuss the method
– 1 2 8
Rubik’s cubes. to check the answer.
2 5 6
– 2 5 6
0
The number of Rubik’s cubes is 24.

1 Zura used 240 cm of black lace to decorate a square table cloth.

a
How long, in cm, is each side of the table cloth?
b
Calculate the surface area, of the table cloth, in cm2.
2 Lai Fong arranges 48 cubes in a cuboid-shaped box. The length
of each side of the cubes is 3 cm. What is the volume of the
cuboid-shaped box, in cm3?
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Use various calculation strategies to find the perimeter and area of a square
HE
AC E S and a rectangle, as well as the volume of a cube and a cuboid. 6.5.1
TE
212 NO
T
 RIID
DR DDD
ND
IN

L
E
M

Space Everywhere

Method
1 Divide pupils into four groups.
2 Give a task card to each group.
Task 1 Construct a chart of parallel lines and perpendicular lines.
Task 2 Construct a bridge map for perimeter.
Task 3 Construct a circle map for area.
Task 4 Construct a tree map for volume.
3 All groups present this work at the mathematics corner.
Example: Parallel lines Perpendicular lines

4m 5m
5 cm
9 cm
9 cm 3m
Perimeter = 36 cm Perimeter = 28 cm Perimeter = 12 m

Length = 4 cm
Width = 9 cm Length = 9 cm Volume
Width = 4 cm

An area
of a rectangle Length = 2 cm Volume of a Volume of a Volume of a
Length = 18 cm Width = 18 cm cuboid = 12 cm3 cuboid = 60 cm3 cuboid = 150 m3
is 36 cm2.
Width = 2 cm

Length = 2 cm Length = 3 cm Length = 10 m

Length = 12 cm Length = 3 cm Width = 2 cm Width = 4 cm Width = 3 m
Width = 3 cm Width = 12 cm
Height = 3 cm Height = 5 cm Height = 5 m

Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Prepare sufficient learning materials such as newspapers, magazines,
HE 6.2,
AC E S and brochures. Guide pupils to carry out the Mind Riddle task in groups.
TE T
NO 6.3, 6.4, 213
6.5
 MIND CHALLENGE
1 Name the following triangles. Label the angles shown by the arrows.
a b c d

2 State the parallel lines, perpendicular lines, or none.

a b c d

3 Find the perimeter and area of the shapes below.

a b c 10 m
6m
8 cm 3 cm 16 m
5 cm
4 Calculate the volumes of cube P, cuboid R, and cuboid T.
Surface area = 12 m2
a b c
P 4 cm
R
3 cm T 7m
10 cm 15 cm

5 Solve the problems.

a The picture shows a rectangular playground. The
length of the fence around the playground is 50 m.
i Calculate the width of the playground. 16 m
ii Calculate the area of the playground.
b Raju has two containers, cuboid A and cube B. The volume of
both containers are equal. What is the value of p ?

8 cm
8 cm A B
2 cm
Saiz sebenar p
R’S
• Give pupils additional exercises on problem-solving to be solved in pairs.
HE 6.1, 6.2,
AC E S
TE
214 NO
T
6.3, 6.4,
6.5
 7 COORDINATES, RATIO,
AND PROPORTION
RECOGNISE AND DETERMINE THE COORDINATES
1 The map on the Cartesian plane shows the places of interest in
a few districts.
y
6 North
Sejinjang Waterfall
lies on the Timun Lake
5 Kuala Pasir is
horizontal at the vertical
axis or �-axis. Kuala axis or y-axis.
Pasir
4
Forest
Reserve
3
Vertical axis

Kota
Indah
2
Hillview
Temple
1
Idaman Sejinjang
Beach Waterfall
Origin �
O 1 2 3 4 5 6
Horizontal axis
a The intersection point of the �-axis and y-axis is called origin, O. The
coordinate of Idaman Beach which is at the origin is written as (0, 0).
b Timun Lake is 4 units to the east and 5 units to the north of the
origin. The coordinate of Timun Lake is written as (4, 5).
c The coordinate of Sejinjang Waterfall TIPs
is (4, 0). To write a coordinate, write
d The coordinate of Kuala Pasir is the coordinate of �-axis,
and Hillview Temple is . followed by the y-axis.
• Introduce pupils to the French mathematician, Rene Descartes, the founder of the
Saiz sebenar
r’s coordinates system.
he
ac e s 7.1.1
Te n o t • Emphasise that the symbol of the origin is O, not zero, which means origin. 215
• Discuss the coordinate of other places. Emphasise that the coordinate of �-axis 7.1.2
and y-axis are determined from the origin.
 2 The picture shows the y
position of five ferries at 6
a harbour. P
5
Which ferries are Q
at (2, 6) and (4, 0)? 4
R
3
S
2

1 T

�
O 1 2 3 4 5 6

Ferry P is at (2, 6), while ferry T is at (4, 0).

State the ferries that are in the same row.

MIND
The coordinates of vertices of a square
TEA

are at (1, 2), (1, 5), (4, 5) and point K.

S ER

State the coordinate of point K.

y
Based on the Cartesian plane,
fill in the empty boxes. 3
a The horizontal axis is .
b The vertical axis is . 2
c O is . The coordinate is .
d State the coordinates of the clock 1
and the lamp.
e is at (2, 0) and
is at (3, 3). �
O 1 2 3 4
Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Use tiles as the Cartesian plane to determine coordinates. For example, the
he 7.1.1
ac e s coordinates of pupils, chairs, and tables in a classroom.
Te n o t
216 • Surf https://www.mathsisfun.com/data/cartesian-coordinates.html 7.1.2
 MARK COORDINATES OF POINTS

1 Mark the coordinate of P at (4, 2).

✿ From the origin, move 4 units
to the right and 2 units up.
✿ Mark point P.
✿ Write P (4, 2).

2 Mark the coordinate of Q

at (0, 5).
✿ From the origin, move
5 units up.
✿ Mark point Q.
✿ Write Q (0, 5).

Explain how to mark and write coordinate R (6, 0).

MIND A butterfly is at
3 units to the right
TEA

Mark the following points from the origin.

S ER

on the Cartesian plane. It flew 6 units up

and landed on a
R (0, 5) S (3, 0) hibiscus. What is the
coordinate of
T (1, 3) U (4, 4)
the hibiscus?
Saiz sebenar
r’s • Discuss the uses of coordinates in daily situations, such as in flight and when sailing.
he
ac e s
7.1.2
Te n o t • Surf https://www.ixl.com/math/grade-5/coordinate-planes-as-maps and
217
https://www.ixl.com/math/grade-5/objects-on-a-coordinate-plane
 INGREDIENTS OF KUIH LAPIS
RATIO • 2 cups of rice flour
1
1 • cup of wheat flour
Lin, please get me 2
1
Here is 1 cup of 1 cup of thick • cup of corn flour
2
sugar, mother. coconut milk too. • 1 cup of thick coconut milk
• 3 cups of water
• 1 cup of sugar
1
• teaspoon of salt
4
• a few drops of red colouring
and rose essence
Source: https://iluminasi.com/
bm/resepi-kuih-lapis.html
a What is the ratio of the number of cups of sugar to the number of
cups of thick coconut milk?
1 cup of sugar to 1 cup of
thick coconut milk is stated
as the ratio of one to one.

1 cup of 1 cup of thick

sugar coconut milk
The ratio of one to one is written as 1 : 1.
The ratio of the number of cups of sugar to the
number of cups of thick coconut milk is 1 : 1.
b State the ratio of the number of cups of sugar
to the number of cups of rice flour.
TIPs
A ratio is the
comparison between
two quantities of the
same unit.
1 cup of 2 cups
sugar of rice flour
The ratio of one to two is written as 1 : .
The ratio of the number of cups of sugar to the number of
cups of rice flour is
Saiz sebenar : .
r’s
• Explain the concept of ratio through simulation activities involving classroom
he 7.2.1
ac e s equipment, sports equipment, and textbooks.
Te n o t
218
• Emphasise the correct way of writing ratio.
• Carry out activities on finding ratio of other suitable ingredients from the recipe.
 2 Number of storybooks read by four pupils in a week.

Pupil Janaki Shery Koon Nora

Number of
storybooks

State the ratio of the number of Janaki’s storybooks to the number

of Nora’s storybooks.
Janaki Nora The ratio of the number of
Janaki’s storybooks to the
number of Nora’s storybooks
1:5 is 1 : 5.

State the ratio of the number of Janaki’s

storybooks to the number of:
a Shery’s storybooks. b Koon’s storybooks.

3 Chiew’s mother cooks fish and chicken. What is the ratio of the mass
of fish to the mass of chicken as shown below?
 

TIPs
0 0 The unit of ratio
9 10 kg 1 9 10 kg 1
2 8
2 is not required to
8
3 3 be written.
7 7
4 6 4
6 5 5

mass of fish mass of chicken

1 kg 10 kg
1 : 10
The ratio of the mass of fish to the mass of chicken is 1 : 10.
Saiz sebenar
r’s • State the ratio of daily situations such as days and weeks, years and decades
he
ac e s
7.2.1
Te n o t as well as years and centuries. Besides, try out conversion of units involving
219
money, length, mass, or volume.
 NCE
ACTS AT A GLA Based on the fact, state
F
MIND the ratio of:
TEA There are 8 planets in the a the number of the
Solar System. The size of Sun to the number
S ER

Earth is 4 times the size of planets.

of its Moon. b the size of the Moon
to the size of Earth.

4 The pictures show the prices of three items bought by Fuad’s brother.

RM1 RM100 RM1 000

a State the ratio of the price of the bookmark to the price of
the shoes.
price of bookmark price of shoes
EN EN
CIM CIM
P E P E
S S

1 : 100
The ratio of the price of the bookmark to
the price of the shoes is 1 : 100.
b State the ratio of the price of the bookmark to the price of
the handphone.
price of bookmark price of handphone
RM1 RM1 000
:

The ratio of the price of the bookmark to

Saiz sebenar the price of the handphone is : .
he
r’s • Emphasise that units such as cm, mℓ, and kg are not required to be written
ac e s
Te n o t
7.2.1
220 when stating the ratio.
• Use grid paper and graph paper to represent the ratio of 1 : 10, 1 : 100
and 1 : 1 000.
.
 5 Look at the picture. State the ratio of the volume of
cucumber juice to the volume of carrot juice.
volume of volume of
cucumber juice carrot juice 1ℓ 4 000 mℓ
1ℓ 4 000 mℓ TIPs
1ℓ : 4ℓ When stating a ratio,
ensure that all the
The ratio of the volume of cucumber juice to quantities are in the
the volume of carrot juice is : . same units.

Mass of papaya Mass of coconut

1 kg 1 000 g Is the answer
The ratio of the mass of papaya to correct? Discuss.
the mass of coconut is 1 : 1 000.

1 The picture shows a vase of flower. State the ratio of:

a the number of roses to the number of tulips.
b the number of roses to the number of sunflowers.

2 The table shows the length of three wires.

Wire R S T
Length 1 mm 1 cm 1m
State the ratio of:
a
the length of wire R to the length of wire S.
b the length of wire S to the length of wire T.

3 State the ratio of:

the volume of 1 mℓ syringe to the
a
volume of 100 mℓ syringe.
b
the volume of 1 mℓ syringe to the
volume of 1 ℓ of liquid bag.
1 mℓ 100 mℓ 1ℓ Saiz sebenar
r’s • Provide more exercises involving ratio of 1 to 8 and ratio of 1 to 9, such as pupils’
he
ac e s
7.2.1
Te n o t game scores.
221
 PROPORTION I bought 10 I paid RM8.40
apples for RM14. for 6 apples.
1 4 pears 5 apples 6 oranges
a RM6 RM7 RM5.40

Li Min Reza

Is the price of an apple bought by them equal?

Li Min Reza
RM 1 . 4 0 RM1 . 4 0
10 RM1 4 . 0 0 6 RM8 . 4 0
– 10 – 6
4 0 2 4
– 4 0 – 2 4
00 00
– 0 – 0
0 0
The price of an apple bought by them is equal.
The price of the apple is in proportion.

b What is the price of 9 oranges?

RM0 . 9 0 8
6 RM5 . 4 0 RM0 . 9 0
– 0 × 9
5 4 RM8 . 1 0
– 5 4
00
– 0
0 Daniel has RM10. He wanted
to buy 7 pears. Does he have
The price of 9 oranges is RM8.10. enough money?
Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Guide pupils to use the unitary method to find the value of an item.
he
ac e s
7.3.1
Te n o t • Emphasise that the concept of the unitary method is finding the value
222 of an item of the same unit.
 2 Mother bought 6 m of
curtains for Dayang’s room.
The total price is RM36.

a What is the price of 9 m of similar curtains?

the price of RM 6 the price of RM 6

1 m of curtains 6 RM3 6 9 m of curtains × 9
– 36 RM 54
0
The price of 9 m of similar curtains is RM54.

b What is the length of a curtain bought with RM84?

Method 1 Method 2

RM6 1m 1m RM6 Add the price of

RM84 RM84 ÷ RM6 4m 4 × RM6 = RM24 4 m and 10 m.

14 10 m 10 × RM6 = RM60
6 8 4 14 m RM24 + RM60 = RM84
– 6
2 4
– 2 4
0
A curtain of 14 m long can be bought with RM84.

2g 7g What is the price of

RM340 ? a bracelet?
Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Provide more questions involving daily situations such as volume of liquids
he
ac e s
7.3.1
Te n o t and mass of objects.
223
 3 There are 70 pieces of biscuits in 2 jars. What is
the number of biscuits in 5 similar jars?

Step 1 Step 2
2 jars 70 pieces 1 jar 35 pieces
1 jar 70 pieces ÷ 2 5 jars 5 × 35 pieces
35 2
2 70 35
– 6 × 5
10 17 5
– 10
0
There are 175 pieces of biscuits in 5 similar jars.
GLANCE
4 FACTS at A
The frequency of heart rate of
an adult while resting is 360
times in 5 minutes.
Source: https://poradymoms.netlify.com/
kecantikan-dan-kesih5/kadar-jantung-
normal1753

What is the frequency of heart rate of an adult while resting in

3 minutes?
Step 1 Step 2
5 minutes 360 times 1 minute 72 times
1 minute 360 times ÷ 5 3 minutes 3 × 72 times
72 72
5 360 × 3
– 35 21 6
10
– 10
0
The frequency of heart rate of an adult
Saiz sebenar while resting in 3 minutes is 216 times.
r’s
• Carry out group activities involving questions about daily situations and facts
he
ac e s
7.3.1
Te n o t such as pulse rates and card printing.
224
 FUN EXPLORATION
Construct a suitable chart or mind map involving proportion and solve
the problems as shown in the following example.
PROPORTION

MONEY VOLUME OF MASS LENGTH

LIQUID
3 kg of rambutan The volume 2 cakes have a The length of
is RM8.10. of 4 bottles of mass of 5 ribbons is
Find the price of shampoo is 1 000 g. 160 cm. Find
5 kg of rambutan. 1 360 mℓ. Find the mass of the length of 8
Find the volume 9 similar cakes. similar ribbons.
of 7 similar
bottles of
shampoo.

1 My sister bought 4 m of
linoleum. The total price is RM32.

a What is the price of 6 m of similar linoleum?

b If the price is RM96, what is the length of the linoleum?

2 a What is the mass of 5 similar cereal boxes?

b If the mass is 300 g, how many cereal boxes
the mass of 6 are there?
boxes is 180 g
Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Prepare a few more questions to help pupils construct charts or mind maps
he
ac e s
7.3.1
Te n o t in the Fun Exploration activity.
225
 SOLVE THE PROBLEMS
1 The following are the positions and the prices of five electrical appliances.
y
5
Appliance Price
4 Rice cooker RM160
Television RM1 750
3
Iron RM110
2 Water heater RM220
Refrigerator RM1 800
1

�
O 1 2 3 4 5
Ayub paid RM2 020 for two electrical appliances. State the items
he bought and the coordinates of the items.
Understand the problem Plan the strategy
The price of two items is • Total up any two items for
RM2 020. State any two items RM2 020.
and its coordinates. • To write the coordinates of the
two items, look at the �-axis
first, then the y-axis.
Solve
television water heater refrigerator water heater
RM1 750 RM220 RM1 800 RM220

total price total price

RM1 970 ✗ RM2 020 ✓

Check RM2 020 – RM220 = RM1 800

The two items bought are the refrigerator and
the water heater. The coordinate of the refrigerator is (4, 2).
Saiz sebenar The coordinate of the water heater is (5, 4).
r’s
• Guide pupils to solve the problems using the estimation method.
he
ac e s
7.4.1
Te n o t • Encourage pupils to calculate mentally using simple values.
226
 2 Halim bought a durian weighing 1 kg. Rekha bought a durian weighing
5 kg more than the mass of Halim’s durian. What is the ratio of the
mass of Halim’s durian to the mass of Rekha’s durian?
Understand the problem
The mass of Halim’s durian is 1 kg.
The mass of Rekha’s durian is 5 kg more than the
mass of Halim’s durian.
Find the ratio of the mass of Halim’s durian to the
mass of Rekha’s durian.

Plan the strategy 1 kg

The mass of Halim’s durian

The mass of Rekha’s durian

5 kg more

Solve Calculate the mass of Rekha’s durian, 1 kg + 5 kg = 6 kg.

The ratio of the mass of Halim’s durian to the mass of
Rekha’s durian is

The ratio of 1 to 6
1:6
The ratio of the mass of Halim’s durian to the mass of
Rekha’s durian is 1 : 6.

Rekha bought a jackfruit too. The picture

shows the mass of both the durian and
0
9 10 kg 1 jackfruit. State the ratio of the mass of
2 the jackfruit to the mass of the durian.
8
7 3
6 4
5

Saiz sebenar
  • Guide pupils to state the ratio using pictures or representations.
r’s 7.4.1
he
ac e s
Te n o t
227
 3 The price of exercise books at three bookshops are as follows:
Bookshop A Bookshop B Bookshop C

4 books 2 books 3 books

RM4.80 RM2.60 RM3.30
Adira wanted to buy 12 exercise books. Which bookshop would she
choose? Justify your answer.
Solve
Bookshop A Bookshop B Bookshop C
RM 1. 2 0 RM 1. 3 0 RM 1. 1 0
4 RM4. 8 0 2 RM2. 6 0 3 RM3. 3 0
– 4 – 2 – 3
08 06 03
– 8 – 6 – 3
00 00 00
– 0 – 0 – 0
0 0 0
RM 1. 2 0 RM 1. 3 0 RM 1. 1 0
× 12 × 12 × 12
2 4 0 260 220
+ 1 200 + 1 300 + 1 1 00
RM 1 4.4 0 RM 1 5.6 0 RM 1 3. 2 0

Adira chose bookshop C because the price is the cheapest.

Can we
calculate using Bookshop A Bookshop B Bookshop C
this method? 3 × RM4.80 = ? 6 × RM2.60 = ? 4 × RM3.30 = ?
Discuss.
Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Carry out simulation activities such as sale activities using play money and
he
ac e s
7.4.1
Te n o t objects.
228 • Instil values of being thrifty and saving money.
 1 A Cartesian plane shows items sold in Goh’s Shop. The price of the
items are shown in the following table.
y
5

4 Item Price
 
 
RM24.00
3
RM8.50
2 RM6.00
RM17.80
1
RM9.00
�
O 1 4 2 5
3
a
a State the coordinate of:
i ball. ii toy car.
b Amalina bought the items situated at the coordinates of (0, 2), (3, 5)
and (2, 3). Calculate the total payment.
2 The picture shows Shahir’s pet cat. Chan has 3 cats
more than Shahir. What is the ratio of the number
of Shahir’s cats to the number of Chan’s cats?

3 The following table shows the length of blue and green wooden planks.
Colour of wooden Green
Blue
plank
Length of wooden 1 m 200 cm longer than the
plank blue wooden plank
State the ratio of the length of the blue wooden plank to the length of
the green wooden plank.
4 Victor drives his car at a regular speed of 240 km in 3 hours. What is
the distance he travelled in 5 hours at the same speed?
Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Prepare questions similar to question 3 involving measurements to enhance
he
ac e s
7.4.1
Te n o t pupils’ understanding.
229
 RIID
DR DDD
ND
IN

L
E
M

Tools/Materials 12 question cards, 12 letter cards, Cartesian plane,

player cards, and score cards.
Participants 3 pupils and a referee.
y Cartesian plane Player’s card
A F Example Name: Rifana
4
of letter Letter Coordinate Correct/ Answer Correct/
D H C cards
Wrong Wrong
3 F (3, 4) ✓ 1:9 ✓
A J
2G B K D (3, 0) ✗ 30 km ✓
D F A (1, 4) ✓ RM420 ✗
L I J (0, 0) ✓ 1:4 ✓
1
J E Score card
� Round
O 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 Score
Example of question cards Player
F Rifana 10 5 5 10 30
String R T Karl 10 10 10 0 40
Length 1 m 900 cm Melly 0 10 5 10 25
State the ratio of the length of
string R to the length of string T.
A J D
A bus is moving at
The price of 90 km an hour.
5 kg of fish is Calculate the distance
RM30. Calculate State the ratio of the number travelled by the bus in
the price of of blue cylinders to the 20 minutes at the
7 kg of fish. number of red cylinders. same speed.
How to play
1 Each player picks a letter card.
2 Identify the coordinate and write it on the player’s card.
3 Answer the question card which matches the letter.
4 Write the answer on the player’s card.
5 The referee will check the answer. Every correct answer will
get 5 marks.
6 Repeat steps 1 to 5 until all four rounds are completed.
7 The player with the highest score wins.
Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Ask players to determine their turns before they start the game.
he
ac e s • Prepare new question cards to enhance pupils’ understanding.
Te n o t 7.1.1, 7.1.2,
230 7.2.1, 7.3.1,
7.4.1
 penang bridge hutan rekreasi ikon

MIND CHALLENGE
1 The map on the Cartesian plane shows several places of interest.
train bukit bendera muzium perang

y
5 batu feringgi beach lapangan terbang
Beach
Place Coordinate
4 Beach
Bird
teluk bahang pusat rekreasi park Bird park
3
penang bridge
penang bridge
hutan rekreasi ikon
hutan rekreasi ikon Museum
Hill Recreational (1, 2)
forest
2
train bukit bendera (2, 1)
muzium perang
train bukit bendera
penang bridge muzium
hutanperang
rekreasi ikon
Airport (4, 2)
1
batupenang
feringgibridge
beach hutan rekreasi
lapangan ikon
terbang
train bukit bendera muzium perang
batu feringgi beach
Museum lapangan terbang
�
O
trainbahang
teluk bukit bendera
1
pusat rekreasi
2
muzium perang
batu feringgi beach
3 4
lapangan terbang
5
teluk bahang pusat rekreasi
a
a Coordinate (0, 0) is at the intersection of
batu feringgi beach lapangan terbang and , named the .
teluk bahang pusat rekreasi

b Based on the Cartesian plane, complete the table above.

teluk bahang pusat rekreasi

2 Mark the coordinate points (1, 1), (5, 1) and (3, 6) on a Cartesian plane.
Then, connect all the points. Name the shape formed.
3 Box P Q R S
Number of 1 2 3 times the number of Q 7 more than P
marbles
Based on the table above, state the ratio of:
a the number of marbles in box P to the number of marbles in box R.
b the number of marbles in box P to the number of marbles in box S.

4 The mass of 4 chocolate bars is

0.656 kg. Calculate the mass of
15 similar chocolate bars.
Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Prepare a Cartesian plane for question 2 in the Mind Challenge.
he
ac e s
7.1.1,
Te n o t • Carry out quizzes and games involving coordinates, ratio, and proportion
to enhance pupils’ understanding.
7.1.2, 231
7.2.1,
7.3.1
 5 Solve the problems.
a The table shows the distance Route Distance
travelled by Erik from town Town R
R to town U through town 1 km
to town S
S and town T. Town S
99 km
to town T
Town T
900 km
State the ratio of: to town U

i the distance travelled from town R to town S to the distance

from town R to town T.
ii the distance travelled from town R to town S to the distance
from town R to town U.

b Rashidah uses 2 kg of flour to bake 100 pieces of apam balik. What

is the mass of flour needed to bake 300 pieces of apam balik?
c There are 66 bidara fruits in 3 packets. Each packet has the same number
of bidara fruits. How many fruits are there in 11 similar packets?
d The Cartesian plane shows the y
position of a school, museum, museum
restaurant, and Karina’s house. 6
The table shows the rate of
taxi fares from Karina’s house. 5
school
Place Taxi fare 4

restaurant RM3.50 3
restaurant
museum RM4.80 2
school RM2.20 1 Karina’s
house
Karina paid RM8.30 for a one-way �
taxi fare on Friday and Saturday. O 1 2 3 4 5 6
Where did Karina go? State the
coordinates of the places.
e What is the ratio of length of one side of a square to its perimeter?
Saiz sebenar
r’s • Discuss the application of simple proportion in daily situations.
he 7.4.1
ac e s
Te n o t
232
 8 DATA HANDLING

CONSTRUCT PICTOGRAPHS AND BAR CHARTS

1 Beyblade Collection Let’s construct
a pictograph
Name Number of for this data.
Beyblade
Akim 12
Ben 10
Chin 14
Don 12
Don 12

Steps to construct a pictograph.

1 Draw 2 columns and 4 rows. 2 Determine the key for the
Write the names on the left pictograph. represents
column. 2 Beyblades.
Akim Akim 12 ÷ 2 = 6
Ben Ben 10 ÷ 2 = 5
Chin Chin 14 ÷ 2 =
Don Don 12 ÷ 2 =

3 a Draw the Beyblade Collection of Four People

symbols on the title
right column. Akim symbol

b Write the key Ben

and title. Chin

Don
represents 2 Beyblades
SCAN THIS key Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Guide
• Get pupils
a set of datatorelated
read out andnumber
to the record the activities in
of members of the pictures.
sports houses in the class.
he 8.1.1
ac e s • Askpupils
Guide pupilstotoconstruct
state anda obtain information
pictograph onthe
following other activities
steps abovesuch as
in groups.
Te n o t
233
• Getschedule
the data of television
through programmes
various and school
methods such activities.and interviews
as observation
to construct a pictograph.
 2 Let’s use squared paper to Beyblade Collection
create a vertical bar chart
for the data. Name Akim Ben Chin Don
Number of 12 10 14 12
Beyblades
Steps to construct a bar chart.
1 Draw the horizontal and
vertical axis. 16
scale
14
2 On the horizontal axis, 12
write the names. 10
3 On the vertical axis, 8
vertical axis
mark the scale and label 6
horizontal axis
with suitable values to 4
represent the number 2
0
of Beyblades. Akim Ben Chin Don
value
write the names

4 Draw and colour the bars title

to represent the number Beyblade Collection of Four People
of Beyblades.
Number of Beyblades

5 Write the title of the 16 bar

bar chart. 14
12
6 Label the number of 10
Beyblades on the 8
vertical axis. 6
7 Label the names on the 4
horizontal axis. 2
0
Akim Ben Chin Don
Name
vertical axis
label horizontal axis label

Change the horizontal and vertical axis positions.

Now construct a horizontal bar chart.
Saiz sebenar • Get a set of data regarding favourite drinks, attendance, and favourite colours.
r’s
• Guide pupils to construct horizontal and vertical bar charts following the steps
he
ac e s
8.1.1
234 Te n o t above. Provide a lot of practises on determining the suitable values for the scale.
 FUN EXPLORATION
Tools/Materials Data and MS Excel software.

Participants 4 pupils in a group.

Steps

1 Scan the QR Code to see the example on constructing

a bar chart using MS Excel software.
2 Each group constructs a bar chart and a pictograph SCAN THIS
based on any two of the information given below.
a Kuih Sales at the Canteen b Bowling Competition
Kuih Number of Kuih Player Score
Curry puff 55 Tira 120
Steamed bun 65 Qira 160
Doughnut 50 Sheila 140
Keria 45 Mei Hua 150

c Four sports houses participate in a cross-country competition.

Kenari, Tiung, Enggang, and Merpati collect 180 points,
220 points, 240 points, and 200 points respectively.

3 Print two copies of your bar chart and pictograph. Display one copy
at the mathematics corner. Keep the other copy in the group’s folio.

Four groups compete in a debate competition. Bijak, Pintar, Cerdik,

and Intelek teams secured 80 points, 90 points, 75 points, and
85 points respectively.

Based on the information above, construct a:

a pictograph. b vertical bar chart. c horizontal bar
chart.

• Surf https://www.wikihow.com/Make-a-Bar-Chart-in-Word to learn how to

Saiz sebenar
r’s
construct bar charts using MS Word. 8.1.1
he
ac e s • Carry out a group activity to construct pictographs and bar charts using
Te n o t
235
different data. Ask every group to present their work.
 INTERPRET PICTOGRAPHS AND BAR CHARTS
1
Calculate the
Number of Pupils Who number of
Cycle to School pupils from
each Year
who cycle to
school.
Year 3 4 × 20 = 80
Year 4 3 × 20 =
Year 5 5 × 20 =
Year 6 6 × 20 =

Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Year 6

represents 20 pupils

a
a 80 pupils of Year 3 cycle to school.
b 60 pupils of Year 4 cycle to school, which is the least.
b
c 120 pupils of Year 6 cycle to school, which is the most.
d
Year 3 pupils who cycle is more than Year 4 pupils.
e The total number of pupils who cycle to school is .
f The total number of Level 2 pupils who cycle to school is .

If 30 pupils of Year 2 cycle

to school, which symbol
represents it?

Saiz sebenar
• Prepare a pictograph. Ask every group to discuss and give three
r’s
he
ac e s interpretations based on the pictograph. Every group presents their work 8.1.2
Te n o t
236 and display them at the mathematics corner.
 2 Construct a vertical
bar chart to
Santhi’s Weekly Pocket Money represent the data
of your last week ’s
Thursday pocket money.

Wednesday
Day

Tuesday

Monday

Sunday
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Value of money (RM)

a
a Santhi received RM4 pocket money on Sunday.
b
b On , Santhi received the most pocket money of RM6.
cc Santhi received the same amount of pocket money on
and .
d
d Santhi’s total amount of pocket money for five days is .
e The difference between Santhi’s pocket money on and
is .
MIND
There are
TEA

4 types of
S ER

games.
18 are handball
The total players.
number of NUMBER OF
Construct a bar players is 66. PLAYERS IN
chart based on EACH TEAM
the information The number of
given. Write hockey players
The number of soccer is the same
three information
players is 2 more than as badminton
from the bar chart. handball players. players.

Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Ask every group to construct a bar chart based on the information given.
he 8.1.2
ac e s • Every group will exchange their bar charts, carry out a few interpretations based
Te n o t
237
on the information, and present their work.
 1 Observe the pictograph and complete
Pencil Sales at School’s
the sentences. Cooperative
a
On Tuesday, pencils are sold. Monday
b Tuesday
50 pencils are sold on .
Wednesday
c The same number of pencils are sold Thursday
Friday
on and .
represents 10 pencils
d The total number of pencils sold is .
e The difference between the sales on Wednesday and
Thursday is .
2 Complete the blank boxes based on the bar chart.
There are
a deer reared.
Seri PD Livestock Centre
Number of livestock

b
There are 90 reared.
120
100 c The most livestock reared is .
80
60 The total number of livestock
d
40 reared is .
20
0 e The difference in number
Rabbit Deer Goose Duck
Livestock between and reared is 40.

3
Observe the bar chart and answer the questions.
a What is the number of readers
Number of Nilam Programme
Readers in May from the gold category?
b Calculate the total number of readers
Sapphire in the Nilam Programme.
Category

Gold
Silver
c Calculate the difference between the
Bronze number of readers of sapphire and
bronze categories.
0 20 40 60 80
Number of readers d If 30% of the total number of readers are
Saiz sebenar Year 4 pupils, find the number of Year 4 pupils.
• Register at https://www.education.com/worksheet/article/reading-bar-
r’s
he
ac e s graph-traveling/ to download, modify, and print the worksheets provided as 8.1.2
Te n o t
238 enrichment for pupils.
 SOLVE THE PROBLEMS
1 The incomplete Number of Flower Plants in the School Area
pictograph shows
the number of flower
plants in a school
area. How many
symbols represent
the flower plants at
Block C if there are 80
flower plants in total? Block A Block B Block C Laboratory Office
represents 5 flower plants

Understand the problem Plan the strategy

• The total number of
flower plants is 80. Block A Block B Block C Laboratory Office
• One symbol represents 2×5 3×5 2×5 5×5
5 flower plants. = 10 = 15 = 10 = 25
• Find the number of
symbols representing 80
flower plants at Block C.
Check
Solve
10 + 15 + + 10 + 25 = 80
16 Total number of symbols: 16
5 80 60 + = 80
– 5 Existing symbols:
= 20
30 2 + 3 + 2 + 5 = 12
4
– 30 Number of symbols 5 20
0 for Block C: – 20
16 – 12 = 4 0

The number of symbols that represent the

flower plants at Block C is 4.
Block A receives 10 more flower plants. Calculate the difference
between the number of flower plants at Block A and the laboratory.Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Vary the questions using the provided data such as the percentage of trees in
he 8.2.1
ac e s the field compared to all trees and the difference between the number of flower
Te n o t
239
plants in several blocks.
 2 Favourite Colour
Number of teenagers
60
The bar chart shows the
50
favourite colours of a group
40
of teenagers. What is the
30
percentage of teenagers
20 who favour red?
10
0
Blue Red Yellow Green Purple
Colour
Understand the problem
• The number of teenagers for each colour:
blue 45 red 40
yellow 55 green 50
purple 60
• Calculate the percentage of teenagers who favour red.
Solve
total number of teenagers : 45 + 40 + 55 + 50 + 60 = 250
percentage of teenagers number of teenagers who favour red
= × 100%
who favour red total number of teenagers
40 × 100% 16
=
250 25 4 0 0
400 – 25
= %
25 1 50
= 16% – 1 50
0
16 × 250
Check 16% × 250 =
100
4 000
=
100
= 40
The percentage of teenagers who favour red is 16% .
44 girls favour yellow. What is the percentage of boys
Saiz sebenar who favour yellow?
• Vary the problems such as finding differences and fractions based on
r’s 8.2.1
he
ac e s the bar chart above.
Te n o t
240

1 Zikri is completing a pictograph of the number of books read by four
of his friends. A total of 48 books was read.
a How many represents Number of Books Read
the number of books read Sherry
by Raveena? Qalisha
b Calculate the percentage Swee Ping
of books read by Sherry. Raveena
represents 3 books

2 The incomplete bar chart below shows Zariq’s score in a handball

skills test for the selection of school players.
. Zariq’s Handball Skills Test
The MAIN requirements
10 to become a school
8 player:
Marks

6
4
• pass the skills test
2 • obtain more than
0 45 marks
Passing Catching Defencing Shooting Dribbling
Skill

Is Zariq qualified to be chosen as a school player if he obtained

8 marks in the dribbling test?
RIID
DR DDD
ND
IN Task
LE
M

1
In groups, collect data on the number of siblings for 5 pupils
from other classes (each group selects different classes).
2
Based on the data obtained, construct a bar chart.
3 Based on the bar chart constructed, write several interpretations.
For example:
a pupils have 3 siblings.
b The most number of siblings is .
c The least number of siblings is .
4
Present and display your group work. Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Surf https://www.superteacherworksheets.com/pictograph.html and
he 8.1.1,
ac e s http://www.commoncoresheets.com/BarGraphs.php for additional exercises.
Te n o t
8.2.1 241
 MIND CHALLENGE
1 Construct a pictograph and a What is the number of balls
answer the questions. sold in the first two months?
NDS Sports Store sold 10 b Calculate the difference in
balls in January, 16 balls the number of balls sold in
in February, 12 balls in February and April.
March, and 10 balls in April. RM50 c Calculate the total sales of
balls in the four months.
2 Construct a bar chart and answer
the questions.
Syahir has 30 pieces of a How many stamps do Francis,
stamps. Francis has 15 pieces Rishi, and Xin Feng have?
of stamps more than Syahir. b Calculate the total number
Rishi’s stamps are 10 pieces of stamps.
lesser than Francis. Xin Feng c What is the percentage of
has 10 pieces of stamps Syahir’s stamps?
more than Syahir.
3 Solve the problems. The bar chart shows the scores of
a Mathematics Quiz Score four teams in a quiz. Each team is
given 15 additional points.
Merbau
i List down the teams that
Jati obtained the latest score of
Team

Seraya more than 100.

ii Is the latest total score equal
Meranti
to 400? Explain.
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
Score
b The incomplete pictograph Number of Fish Caught
represents the number of fish
Sam
caught by 5 participants in a
Adin
fishing competition. Adin is Tim
declared as the winner.
Ram
i Estimate the number of fish Ong
caught by Adin. represents 2 fish
ii The total number of fish caught
is 34. If Adin caught 12 fish, prove that the number of fish
Saiz sebenar caught by Sam and Tim are the same. Explain.
r’s
• Ask pupils to get a set of data from the data coordinator teacher and the resource 8.1.1
he
ac e s centre teacher. Carry out an activity of constructing pictographs and bar charts
Te n o t
242 8.1.2
based on the set of data, as well as interpreting the information. 8.2.1
 MIND TWISTER
A Choose the correct answer.
1 5 The mass of 4 similar books is
2 kg 240 g. What is the mass of
State the ratio of the number 3 books?
of squares to the number of A 1 kg 120 g B 1 kg 680 g
triangles. C 4 kg 480 g D 8 kg 960 g
A 1 : 2 B 1 : 3
C 1 : 4 D 1 : 5 6 Puan Kavitha left Kuala Lumpur for
Ipoh at 10:50 in the morning. The
2 What is the length of the pencil, journey took 3 hours 25 minutes.
in mm? What time did Puan Kavitha arrive
in Ipoh?
A 1405 hours B 1415 hours
C 1505 hours D 1515 hours
A 10 mm B 44 mm
C 54 mm D 64 mm 7 The figure shows a triangle KLM
and a rectangle PQRS.
K
3 Which figure shows perpendicular
lines? P Q
12 cm
A B 4 cm
M S R
C D 8 cm L
The area of KLM and PQRS are
the same. What is the length
4 The clock face shows 11
12
1 of PQ?
the time Lela starts 10 2

9 3
A 8 cm B 12 cm
doing her homework. 8 4
C 16 cm D 24 cm
7 5
At 4:45 p.m., Lela 6

completed her homework. 8 2 cm Calculate the volume,

How long did she take in cm3, of the cuboid.
to do her homework? 7 cm A 14 cm3 B 21 cm3
A 15 minutes C 28 cm3 D 42 cm3
B 45 minutes 3 cm
C 1 hour 15 minutes Saiz sebenar
D 1 hour 45 minutes
243
 B Answer the following questions. 5 Find the perimeter of the
following shapes.
1 Complete these. 6 cm 10 cm
a 34 hours = day hours a b 6 cm
b 9 weeks 5 days = days 2 cm
c 7 decades 8 years = years 8 cm
d 2 years 5 months = months
e 5 centuries 3 years = years 6 Find the areas of the following
shapes.
2 Complete these. a b
9m 5m
a 7 cm 3 mm = mm
b 2 km 50 m = m 8m
c 169 mm = cm mm
d 5 480 m = km m 7 Complete the table.
Length Width Height Volume
3 Calculate.
of cuboid
a 14 decades 6 years +
3 decades 8 years a 4 cm 3 cm 5 cm
= decades years b 2m 4m 80 m3
b 4 weeks 5 days +
2 weeks 3 days 8 The bar graph shows the
= weeks day attendance of pupils by clubs.
c 3 × 12 hours Attendance of Pupils by Clubs
= day hours 100
90
Number of pupils

d 41 years ÷ 6 80
70
= years months 60
50
40
30
4 Solve these. 20
10
a 5 cm 2 mm + 3 mm 0
Silat Tae kwon do Dancing Robotic
+ 4 cm 8 mm = mm Club
b 3 kg 60 g – 835 g a What is the total number of
+ 2 kg 74 g = g pupils in the four clubs?
c 7 ℓ 45 mℓ + mℓ b The four clubs have a total
– 2 930 mℓ = 6 080 mℓ number of 350 members.
d 2 × 24 kg 380 g ÷ 5 = g How many members
Saiz sebenar are absent?

244
C Solve the following problems. 4 The table shows the length of
two types of wires.
1 Farah Ann’s gymnastic training
starts at 4:45 in the evening and Wire Length
ends at 6:15 in the evening. Blue 28 cm 6 mm
a State 4:45 in the evening in Green 4 cm 9 mm
the 24-hour system. longer than
b What is the duration of Farah the blue wire
Ann̕ s gymnastic training? a Calculate the length, in cm
and mm, of the green wire.
2 Mr Kumar has been working in b Joseph used 32 cm 8 mm
a factory for 25 months. of the green wire to make
a State the duration, in years handicraft. Calculate the
and months, that Mr Kumar length, in mm, of the
has worked in the factory. remaining green wire.
b Mr Kumar works from
8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m.. 5 The Cartesian plane shows the
Calculate the duration of positions of points K and L.
Mr Kumar’s working hours y
for 5 days. 10
9
3 At 9:35 a.m., a bus and a car 8
L
depart from town M to town N. 7
The journey takes 2 hours 6
5
40 minutes to reach town N. 4 K
a What time does the car 3
2
reach town N? 1
b The bus arrives at town N o
x
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
1 hour 15 minutes later
than the car. What time a Write the coordinates of
does the bus arrive at point:
town N? i K ii L
b Mark the following points:
i A (0, 6) ii B (4, 3)
c Mark three points to form a
right-angled triangle.
Saiz sebenar

245
 6 The diagram shows the volume 8 The table shows the mass of
of water in three barrels. coconut milk sold in two days.
Day Mass
Saturday 38 kg 800 g
Sunday 15 kg 250 g less
than Saturday

P Q R a What is the total mass of

5 ℓ 250 mℓ 30 ℓ less 6 ℓ 125 mℓ coconut milk, in kg and g, sold
than Q on Saturday and Sunday?
b On Monday, the mass of
a Calculate the total volume of
coconut milk prepared was
water, in ℓ and mℓ, in the
28 kg 350 g. The coconut
three barrels.
milk was put equally into
b The water in barrel P was
7 containers. What is the
poured equally into 5 pails.
mass of coconut milk in
What is the volume of water
4 containers?
in 2 pails?
9 The pictograph shows the number
7 The diagram below shows
of laptops sold in three months.
a triangle and a rectangle. The sales in July is not shown.
a A
Laptop Sold
April
C B May
Name the angle C in the June
triangle. July
b P Q represents 3 laptops
The total number of laptops sold
in 4 months is 60.
S R
a How many laptops were
i Name the line which is sold in July?
parallel to line PQ. b The price of a laptop is
ii Name the lines which are RM1 260. What is the total
perpendicular to line PS. price of laptops sold in May
and June?
Saiz sebenar

246
 ABC

G LOSSARY
acute angle Angle with less than 90°.
angle Space between two meeting of straight lines.
area The measurement of two dimensional surface that it covers.
area of the base Area of the bottom of a three dimensional space.
ascending order Numbers arranged from the smallest to the largest number. E.g. 1, 2, 3, 4, ...
axis Horizontal or vertical line on the graph and are placed at right angles to
each other.
bar chart A frequency diagram using rectangles of equal width to represent
information or data.
base The bottom surface of an object.
budget An estimation of income/revenue or expenditure for a set period of time.
Budget is known as budgetary.
cash Direct payment whether in ringgit or in sen when buying things or
using services.
column Vertical array of numbers or series of cells in a chart or table.
compare Stating the similarities or differences between two or several values,
quantities, and objects.
coordinate The ordered pairs of numbers which determine a position of points in the
x-axis and y-axis.
cube Three dimensional shapes with six square surfaces.
cubic centimetre Measurement unit for volume.
cuboid Three dimensional shapes with six rectangular surfaces.
currency Measurement unit for money. Different countries have different currencies.
decimal A number which represents a fraction with denominator 10, 100 or 1 000.
decompose/partition The process of separating numbers according to the place value or
digit value.
descending order Numbers arranged from the largest to the smallest number.
E.g. 20, 19, 18, ...
difference Differences in quantity or value between two groups of objects or values.
digit Numbers from 0 to 9 that can form another number.
distance Length between objects.
duration The length of time that an event lasts.
equilateral triangle A triangle in which all three sides have the same length.
estimation An approximation of a quantity.
even numbers Any integer that can be divided exactly by two.
financial goal Goal to be achieved in terms of finance.
formula A method or calculation procedures used to get an answer.
horizontal axis Horizontal number line in graph.
hour Measurement unit for time.
improper fraction A fraction where the denominator is smaller than the numerator. Saiz sebenar

247
 isosceles triangle A triangle in which two sides have the same length and the angle opposite
the equal sides are equal.
mental arithmetic Performing quick mathematical calculation mentally.
mixed numbers A number represented by a whole number and a proper fraction.
mixed operations A combination of two or more mathematical operations.
obtuse angle Angle with more than 90°.
odd numbers Any integer when divided by two gives one as the remainder.
parallel lines Two or more straight lines which do not meet no matter how far extended
and the lines are always the same distance apart.
pattern List of numbers or objects arranged in sequence or series that repeats.
payment instrument Any electronic tools to make payment for any services or purchasing of goods.
perimeter Total distance around the edges of two dimensional shapes.
perpendicular The characteristic of two lines which meet or cross each other to form
a right angle.
perpendicular axis/ Vertical number line in graph.
vertical axis
perpendicular lines Two lines which meet or cross each other to form a right angle.
pictograph A diagram consisting of pictorial symbols representing certain quantities or
group of data.
poligon A closed two dimensional figure bounded by three or more straight sides.
proper fraction A fraction where the denominator is larger than the numerator.
proportion Mathematical expression to show the relationship between two quantities
or values with the same ratio.
ratio Comparison between a measurement or value to another measurement
or value.
receipt A document acknowledging that a person has received money or made
payment of goods.
right angle 90° angle.
right-angled triangle A triangle with three sides and a right angle (90°) in it.
rounding off A process to determine the value of a number using the place value.
scalene triangle A triangle in which all three sides have different lengths.
square centimetre Measurement unit for area.
transaction Business transaction between two parties, e.g. a seller and a buyer or a
banker and a customer.
trial and error method Various methods/strategies used to find the correct answer.
unknown An unknown quantity written in symbol or letters.
volume Space occupied by solid figure, liquid, and gas.
width Distance between two shorter sides.
�-axis Horizontal axis in graph.
y-axis Vertical axis in graph.
12-hour system System which divide time into two sections, a.m. for morning and p.m. for
evening.
Saiz sebenar
24-hour system Time notation to indicate the day runs from midnight to midnight
and is divided into 24 hours.
248
 ANSWERS
UNIT 1: NUMBERS AND OPERATIONS
Mind Teaser pg. 3
1 2 2 8 1
83 614, 84 316, 81 364. Accept any reasonable answers. 4. a. b. 3 c. 1 d. 1 e. 2 f. 3
2 7 15 9 3
Mind Teaser pg. 5
83 090 2 7 4 1 2
5. a. 1 b. 6 6. a. 4 b. 4 c. 2 d. 4
Mind Teaser pg. 16 5 8 7 2 3
9 7. a. 35 m b. 72 kg c. 168 ℓ
Mind Teaser pg. 18 8. a. 8.59 b. 192.983 c. 146.328 d. 28.8
6 000 + 4 000 = 10 000 or 9. a. 6.63 b. 2.078 c. 0.352 d. 2.078
4 985 + 5 372 = 10 357 or 10. a. 8.56 b. 697.2 c. 129.258 d. 630.8 e. 194.2 f. 52 730
any other reasonable answers. 11. a. 5.2 b. 103.42 c. 1.528 d. 3.42 e. 0.603
Mind Teaser pg. 19 7 17 93
12. a. 80% b. 95% c. 72% d. e. f.
89 068 100 25 100
Mind Teaser pg. 22 7
13. a. 53% b. 30% c. 30% 14. a. 5 ℓ, no
p q 10
30 67 b. i. 4.03 m ii. 0.27 m
46 51
54 43 Accept any reasonable answers. UNIT 3: MONEY
Mind Teaser pg. 24 Mind Teaser pg. 26 Mind Teaser pg. 35 Mind Teaser pg. 107
18 950 37 058 6 West Coast of The United States, Taiwan, and China
Mind Teaser pg. 38 Mind Teaser pg. 109
5 720, 96 000÷1 000, 9 600÷100/960 ÷ 10, 608. Accept any reasonable answers. RM63 869.59
Mind Teaser pg. 41 Mind Teaser pg. 43 Mind Teaser pg. 111
504 63 297 ÷ 100 = 632 baki 97 RM9 553 – RM4 865 + RM2 312 = RM7 000
Mind Teaser pg. 45 Mind Challenge pg. 134
Both questions have the same answer, 13 830. 1. a. RM68 259.30 b. RM34 474.90 c. RM83 384.20 d. RM55 239.45 e. RM75 085
Mind Teaser pg. 47 f. RM58 513 g. RM1 734.20 h. RM33 886.40 i. RM87 472.80 j. RM65 707.20
3 640 2. a. RM97 610.25 b. RM42 000 3. RM61 122.26 4. RM27 171.05 5. RM19 600
Mind Challenge pg. 63 6. United States of America – Dollar, Great Britain – Pound Sterling, Saudi Arabia – Riyal
1. a. ninety-two thousand one hundred and forty-five 7. a. prepaid card b. e-wallet, credit card, debit card, cheque
b. sixty thousand one hundred and seventy-four
c. fifty-one thousand and ninety-six Mind Twister pg. 135
d. 35 016 e. 40 062 f. 100 000 Section A
2. a. thousands, 9 000 b. hundreds, 200 c. ten thousands, 70 000 1. B 2. A 3. D 4. D 5. C 6. D 7. B 8. D 9. C 10. B 11. D 12. C 13. D 14. C
3. a. 100, 3 b. 95 304 c. 1 thousands, 0 hundreds d. 80 132 Section B
4. even numbers : 1 898, 4 100, 5 012 odd numbers : 1 401, 2 053, 3 245 1. a. ten thousands b. 80 000 + 600 + 50 + 3
5. a. descending order : 43 730, 43 370, 43 300, 43 070 2. a. (i) 19 632, 21 369, 31 962, 63 291, 91 263 (ii) 91 263, 63 291, 31 962, 21 369, 19 632
ascending order : 43 070, 43 300, 43 370, 43 730 b. 40 000
b. descending order : 69 128, 68 993, 65 590, 61 540 3. Approximately 130 mℓ or any other reasonable answers.
ascending order : 61 540, 65 590, 68 993, 69 128 4. a. 27 982, 28 982, 29 982, 30 982, 31 982 b. The number pattern increases
6. a. 5 500 b. 20 litres by thousands.
7. a. 14 074, 14 081 b. 20 731, 20 713 c. 62 264, 64 264 5. 102, 104, 106, 108, 110 or any other reasonable answers.
8. a. i. 40 000 ii. 30 000 iii. 70 000 iv. 100 000 6. 59 765 or any other reasonable answers.
b. 49 768, 52 983. Accept any reasonable answers. 7. a. 91 682 b. 15 600 c. 22 932 d. 148 555 8. P = 16 497 Q = 15 497
9. a. less than b. more than c. more than d. less than
10. a. 41 899 b. 21 660 c. 76 020 d. 21 753 9. a. (i) 1 2 (ii) 2 5 b. (i) 23 (ii) 49
3 7 9 10
1 1. a. 84 574 b. 3 478 c. 46 085 d. 27 030 e. 100 f. 24
12. a. 10 728 b. 40 c. 305 d. 580 e. 20 remainder 76 f. 57 remainder 148 10. a. 1 2 b. 5 13 11. a. 1 b. 3 1
7 15 7 4
13. a. 5 897 b. 14 620 c. 42 310 d. 25 287
14. a. 1 426 b. 69 369 c. 28 d. 693 12. a. 7 7 b. 20 c. 5 1 13. a. 8 b. 1 1
20 21 9 9 5
15. a. 7 b. 7 c. 11 d. 7 14. a. 524.928 b. 56.819 c. 0.26 d. 9.66
16. a. 57 b. 8 925 c. i. 22 558 ii. 43 318 d. i. 35 850 ii. 99 483 15. a. 683.4 b. 42.184 c. 7.082 d. 23.54
e. i. 168 ii. 42 f. 19 657 g. i. 2 617 ii. 7 851 h. 25
16. 15% 17. 37 18. 15% 19. RM43 733
100
UNIT 2: FRACTIONS, DECIMALS, AND PERCENTAGES Section C
1. a. 17 795 b. 15 910
Mind Teaser pg. 70
9 1 2. No. Each buyer will only get 40 saplings.
8, 8
1 3. a. 250 boxes b. 120 oranges 4. RM350 5. RM3 120 6. 11.68 km 7. 2.45 ℓ
Mind Teaser pg. 79 8. 1 9 kg 9. a. 23 245 b. RM2 880 10. a. 6.4 kg b. 0.475 kg/475 g
9 – 3 – 1= 1 4– 1 – 1= 1 20
or or any other reasonable answers. 11. a. prepare a daily, weekly b. Yes, Rishi’s goal would be achieved.
10 10 10 2 5 10 5 2
and monthly budget
Mind Teaser pg. 82
1 3 3 1
3 – + =3 UNIT 4: TIME
2 4 8 8
Mind Teaser pg. 83 Mind Teaser pg. 146
3 10 decades = 100 years 10 centuries = 1 000 years
of 12 = 9
4 = 1 century = 1 millenium
or any other reasonable answers. Mind Teaser pg. 155
Mind Teaser pg. 87 8 days – 2 days 16 hours – 5 hours = 5 days 3 hours
18.5 + 8.221 = 26.721 or 6.329 + 20.392 = 26.721 Mind Teaser pg. 156
or any other reasonable answers. 1 decade 8 years
Mind Teaser pg. 95 Mind Teaser pg. 160
1 = 20% and 2 = 20%
9 and 7
5 10
Mind Teaser pg. 163
Mind Challenge pg. 103 21 centuries
2 5 1 3 2 3 Mind Challenge pg. 168
1. a. 2 b. 1 c. 4 d. 3 e. 6 f. 4
5 9 7 4 3 8 1. a. 0845 hours b. 2220 hours c. 0355 hours d. 2333 hours
9 31 43 63 31 111
2. a.
7
5
b.
9
7
c.
8
7
d.
10
1
e.
3
20
f.
2
2
2. a. 6:15 a.m.
3. 3 hours 29 minutes
b. 11:10 a.m. c. 4:12 p.m.
4. 30 minutes Saiz sebenar
d. 10:55 p.m.

3. a. b. 1 c. 1 d. 6 e. 5 f. 2 5. a. 2 days 4 hours b. 82 hours c. 6 weeks 4 days d. 74 days

9 12 12 10 21 3
e. 2 years 2 months f. 68 months g. 59 years h. 1 century 72 years

249
 6. 60 hours 7. 190 days UNIT 8: DATA HANDLING
8. a. 171 hours b. 16 weeks 6 days c. 5 years 5 months d. 204 years
e. 6 days 13 hours f. 2 weeks 1 day g. 58 months h. 77 years Mind Teaser pg. 237
9. a. 17 days 12 hours b. 10 weeks 2 days c. 24 years 2 months d. 15 centuries 18 years Number of Players for
e. 2 days 16 hours f. 4 years 3 months g. 1 decade 3 years h. 4 decades 3 years Four Types of Games
10.a. (i) 216 hours (ii) 3 days b. (i) 21 years 1 month (ii) 13 years 3 months
c. (i) 12:45 p.m. (ii) 2:45 p.m. (iii) 3 hours 20
d. (i) 7 decades 6 years (ii) No. I am 9 years 6 months old. 18
16

Number of players
14
UNIT 5: LENGTH, MASS, AND VOLUME OF LIQUID
12
Mind Teaser pg. 173 10
30 mm 8
Mind Teaser pg. 180 6
14 000 m – 7 600 m = 5 750 m 4
Mind Teaser pg. 189 2
999 mℓ 0

Hockey
Handball

Football

Badminton
Mind Challenge pg. 197
1. a. mm b. km c. mm d. km 2. a. 10 mm b. 50 mm
3. 7 km, accept any reasonable answers.
4. a. 6 cm 5 mm b. 84 000 m c. 132 mm d. 9 km 83 m e. 7 018 m f. 50 cm 4 mm
5. a. 26 cm 4 mm b. 62 km 353 m c. 6 cm 3 mm d. 33 km 720 m Game
e. 77 cm 4 mm f. 32 km 760 m g. 62 mm h. 12 km 485 m
6. a. 33 kg 448 g b. 12 kg 110 g c. 34 ℓ 218 mℓ d. 19 365 mℓ Mind Challenge pg. 242
7. a. 36 cm 8 mm b. 10 km 950 m c. 32 km 534 m d. 552 g e. 9 ℓ 350 mℓ
1.
Balls Sold by NDS Sports Store 2. Stamps Collection of Four Friends

Number of Stamps
January 50
UNIT 6: SPACE 40
February
Mind Teaser pg. 200 30
March 20
6, obtuse angle
Mind Teaser pg. 205 April 10
0
3 cm represents 2 balls Syahir Francis Rishi Xin Feng
Equilateral triangle 5 cm 5 cm Regular pentagon Name

a. 26 balls b. 6 balls c. RM2 400 a. 120 stamps b. 150 stamps c. 20%

5 cm
3. a. (i) Merbau, Jati, and Meranti
Accept any reasonable answers. (ii) No, the latest total score is 450.
Mind Teaser pg. 208 b. (i) 9 or more (ii) 34–18–12 = 4, proved.
1 1
Area R = × 2 units × 6 units Area S = × 4 units × 3 units
2 2 Mind Twister pg. 243
= 6 units2 = 6 units2 Section A
The area of triangle R and triangle S are equal. 1. B 2. B 3. C 4. C 5. B 6. B 7. B 8. D
Mind Teaser pg. 210 Section B
24 m3 1. a. 1 day 10 hours b. 68 days c. 78 years d. 29 months e. 503 years
Mind Challenge pg. 214 2. a. 73 mm b. 2 050 m c. 16 cm 9 mm d. 5 km 480 m
1. a. b. 3. a. 18 decades 4 years b. 7 weeks 1 day c. 1 day 12 hours d. 6 years 10 months
acute angle right angle 4. a. 103 mm b. 4 299 g c. 1 965 mℓ d. 9 752 g 5. a. 16 cm b. 24 cm
6. a. 81 m2 b. 20 m2 7. a. 60 cm3 b. 10 m 8. a. 315 pupils b. 35 pupils
isosceles triangle right-angled triangle Section C
c. d. 1. a. 1645 hours b. 1 hour 30 minutes
acute angle obtuse angle 2. a. 2 years 1 month b. 45 hours
3. a. 12:15 p.m. b. 1:30 p.m.
equilateral triangle scalene triangle 4. a. 33 cm 5 mm b. 7 mm
2. a. parallel lines b. not both 5. a. (i) K (6, 4) (ii) L (2, 8)
c. not both d. perpendicular lines b. c.
y y
3. a. perimeter = 20 cm b. perimeter = 22 cm c. perimeter = 36 m
area = 25 cm2 area = 24 cm2 area = 48 m2 10 10
4. a. 1 000 cm3 b. 180 cm3 c. 84 m3 9 9
5. a. (i) 9 m (ii) 144 m2 b. 32 cm 8 8
7 7
UNIT 7: COORDINATES, RATIO, AND PROPORTION A L
6✗ 6
5 5
Mind Teaser pg. 216 K
4 4
K (4, 2) B
Mind Teaser pg. 217
3 ✗ 3
(3, 6) 2 2
Mind Teaser pg. 220 1 1
x x
a. 1 : 8 b. 1 : 4 O 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 O 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Mind Challenge pg. 231 Accept any reasonable answers.
1 a. x-axis, y-axis, origin 2. y 6. a. 59 ℓ 125 mℓ b. 2.1 ℓ / 2 100 mℓ
b. 7. a. obtuse angle b. (i) SR (ii) PQ and SR
Place Coordinate 6 8. a. 62 kg 350 g b. 16 kg 200 g
Beach (1, 4) 5 9. a. 9 b. RM49 140
Bird park (4, 3) 4
Museum (2, 0) isosceles
3
Hill (1, 2) triangle
2
Airport (2, 1) 1
Recreational forest (4, 2) x
O 1 2 3 4 5 6
3. a. 1 : 6 b. 1 : 8 4. 2.46 kg
5 a. (i) 1 : 100 (ii) 1 : 1 000 b. 6 kg c. 242 d. Restaurant (6, 2) Museum (5, 6) e. 1 : 4

Saiz sebenar

250
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RM22.30
RM 17.10 0 2 2 3 0
ISBN 978-983-49-2580-2

9 789834 925802