Professional Documents
Culture Documents
YEAR 4
Pocket Money for Five Days
Monday
Tuesday
Da ys
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Value of Money (RM)
STANDARD-BASED CURRICULUM FOR PRIMARY SCHOOL (REVIsed 2017)
DUAL LANGUAGE PROGRAMME
MATHEMATICS
YEAR 4
Writers
Gobi a/l Krishnan
Rozaili bin Mohd Ali
Mutharasan a/l S Sellaya @ Sellaiah
Translators
Wan Noor Adzmin binti Mohd Sabri
Norehan binti Mohamed Shaharoun
Kamariah binti Bujang Editors
Ainol Rafezah binti Alias
Asmahanim binti Ab Rahman
Graphic Designers Mohd ‘Udzair bin Depanaik
Aini binti Abd. Hamid Nurul Adilah binti Hamdan
Awaludin bin Mohd Arof Nurul Shaheza binti Zamri
Nor Azita binti Umar
Norini binti Mat Lana
Illustrators
Nurfatin Nadiah binti Tukiran
Ahmad Hisyamuddin bin Mohamad Mokhtar
Published for the Ministry of Education Malaysia by: • Officers of the English Language Teaching
Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, Centre (ELTC), Teacher Education Division,
Jalan Dewan Bahasa, Ministry of Education Malaysia.
50460 Kuala Lumpur.
Telephone: 03-21479000 (8 hunting lines) • Bank Negara Malaysia.
Facsimile: 03-21479643
Website: http://www.dbp.gov.my • SK Pengkalan Rinting, Johor.
Printed by:
Tihani Cetak Sdn. Bhd.,
No. 1, Jalan SB Jaya 15,
Sungai Buloh Industrial Park,
47000 Sungai Buloh,
Selangor Darul Ehsan.
CONTENTS
PREFACE v Addition of Fractions 71
Subtraction of Fractions 75
1 NUMBERS AND OPERATIONS 1 Mind Teaser 79
Recognise and Write Numbers 1 Addition and Subtraction of Fractions 80
Mind Teaser 3 Mind Teaser 82
Explore Numbers 4 Fractions of a Quantity 83
Mind Teaser 5 Mind Teaser 83
Compare and Arrange Numbers 6 Addition of Decimals 86
Even Numbers and Odd Numbers 9 Mind Teaser 87
Fun Exploration 10 Subtraction of Decimals 88
Number Patterns 11 Multiplication of Decimals 90
Estimation 13 Division of Decimals 92
Round off Numbers 15 Convert Fractions and Percentages 94
Mind Teaser 16 Mind Teaser 95
Addition 18
Percentages of Objects 96
Mind Teaser 18
Solve the Problems 97
Mind Teaser 19
Mind Riddle 102
Unknown in Addition 22
Mind Challenge 103
Mind Teaser 22
Subtraction 23 3 MONEY 105
Mind Teaser 24
Mind Teaser 26 Addition of Money 105
Unknown in Subtraction 27 Mind Teaser 107
Addition and Subtraction 28 Subtraction of Money 108
Multiplication 30 Mind Teaser 109
Fun Exploration 33 Addition and Subtraction of Money 110
Mind Teaser 35 Mind Teaser 11 1
Mind Riddle 36 Multiplication of Money 112
Division 37 Division of Money 114
Mind Teaser 38 Multiplication and Division of Money 116
Mind Teaser 41 Manage Money Wisely 118
Mind Teaser 43 Fun Exploration 121
Multiplication and Division 44 Make Wise Decisions 122
Mind Teaser 45 Main Currencies of the World
Mind Teaser 47 and Their Values 124
Solve the Problems 48 Payment Instruments 126
Mind Riddle 62 Solve the Problems 128
Mind Challenge 63 Mind Riddle 133
FRACTIONS, DECIMALS, Mind Challenge 134
2 AND PERCENTAGES 67 MIND TWISTER 135
Convert Improper Fractions
and Mixed Numbers 67 4 TIME 139
Fun Exploration 70 12-hour and 24-hour Systems Saiz 139
sebenar
Mind Teaser 70 Fun Exploration 142
iii
Duration 143 Mind Challenge 19 7
Time Approximation 145
Relationship Between Millenium, 6 SPACE 199
Centuries, Decades, and Years 146 Recognise Angles 199
Mind Teaser 146 Mind Teaser 200
Conversion of Units of Time 147 Fun Exploration 200
A Hours and Days 147 Parallel Lines and
B Days and Weeks 148 Perpendicular Lines 201
C Months and Years 149 Perimeter 204
D Years, Decades, and Centuries 150 Mind Teaser 205
Fun Exploration 151 Area 206
Addition of Time 152
Mind Teaser 208
Subtraction of Time 155
Volume 209
Mind Teaser 155
Mind Teaser 210
Mind Teaser 156
Multiplication of Time 158 Solve the Problems 2 11
Mind Teaser 160 Mind Riddle 2 13
Division of Time 161 Mind Challenge 2 14
Mind Teaser
Solve the Problems
163
164 7 COORDINATES, RATIO,
AND PROPORTION 215
Mind Riddle 168 Recognise and Determine
Mind Challenge 168 The Coordinates 2 15
LENGTH, MASS, Mind Teaser 2 16
5 AND VOLUME OF LIQUID 171 Mark Coordinates of Points 2 17
Recognise Millimetre and Kilometre 171 Mind Teaser 2 17
Measure Lengths of Objects 173 Ratio 2 18
Mind Teaser 173 Mind Teaser 220
Relationship between Centimetre Proportion 222
and Millimetre 174 Fun Exploration 225
Relationship Between Kilometre Solve the Problems 226
and Metre 175 Mind Riddle 230
Estimation of Distance 176 Mind Challenge 231
Addition of Length 177
Subtraction of Length 179 8 DATA HANDLING 233
Mind Teaser 180 Construct Pictographs
Multiplication of Length 181 and Bar Charts 233
Division of Length 182 Fun Exploration 235
Addition and Subtraction of Mass 184 Interpret Pictographs
Multiplication and Division of Mass 186 and Bar Charts 236
Addition and Subtraction Mind Teaser 237
of Volume of Liquid 188 Solve the Problems 239
Mind Teaser 189 Mind Riddle 241
Multiplication and Division Mind Challenge 242
of Volume of Liquid 190 MIND TWISTER 243
Saiz sebenar
Solve the Problems 192 GLOSSARY 247
Mind Riddle 196 ANSWERS 249
iv
PREFACE
The publication of the Standard-Based Curriculum for Primary School (Revised 2017)
textbook has reached the second level with the publication of the Mathematics Year 4
Textbook. The writing of this textbook is based on the National Philosophy of Education,
National Education Policy, and the Malaysia Education Blueprint (PPPM) 2013-2015. It is
hoped that the emphasis on inquiry-discovery and project-based learning supported by
continuous assessment methods, as well as the integration of the six KSSR fundamental
strands would produce a balanced and harmonious human capital in terms of spiritual,
emotional, and physical well-being. In addition, the integration of the social culture
of Malaysian society is also emphasised in its content as well as the Cross Curricular
Elements (CCE), Information and Communication Technology, Entrepreneurship, and
the 21st Century Learning, as we are heading towards world class education which is
on par with international standards.
The Mathematics Year 4 Textbook contains eight topics designed to meet the
requirements of the Dokumen Standard Kurikulum dan Pentaksiran (DSKP) published
by the Curriculum Development Division, Ministry of Education Malaysia. This textbook
emphasises the concepts and skills in the Learning Standards that prioritise pupilsʼ
involvement in learning. The reasoning questions in the learning activities are expected
to generate pupilsʼ ideas and encourage a two-way communication between pupils
and teachers, and also among peers. The Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) questions
on the other hand aims to produce intelligent and thinking pupils who can compete at
the international level. The function of this book is optimised by providing tips, relevant
facts, and a variety of activities which include hands-on, songs, projects, and games.
The content of this book is also supplemented with formative and summative exercises
to enable teachers to identify pupilsʼ level of understanding, in order to implement
subsequent learning to reinforce pupilsʼ knowledge. The review assessments are
provided to assess pupilsʼ mastery of several topics.
Teacherʼs Notes help teachers to carry out teaching and facilitation activities
effectively. Suggestions of websites are provided for pupils to explore the knowledge
learned and to carry out additional exercises. The content of this textbook is presented
to be user-friendly with integration of elements that are of interest to pupils. It is also
designed to foster national integration, patriotism, and culture through the use of
names, characters, and graphic materials.
A description of the use of this textbook on the next page is expected to help users
to understand the writing and the function of the icons used in this book.
Saiz sebenar
v
1 NUMBERS AND MASCOT
TOPIC OPERATIONS
Presents questions and
Topic based RECOGNISE AND WR
ITE NUMB
1 Pupils’ scores in
Kahoot quiz.
ERS
statements to encourage pupils
on learning area. a
to use the skill of reasoning.
SUBTOPIC
My score is nine
CONTENT STANDARD
thousand and
eight hundred.
TEACHERʼS NOTES
by the next three
numbers.
mastered in accordance with
Emphasise on the ten
thousands
thousands hundreds
tens ones DSKP. I
0 1 Say Afaniʼs
activities as well as
6 875 × 10 801 × 100
93 000
websites for learning Fun Exploration FUN EXPLORATION MULTIPLY BY 100 AND 1 000
Activities to enhance skills Write the number and then add two zeroes at the end
practice.
It is so easy that is the way
learned in the form I know that now I can, multiply a number by one hundred
Write the number with two zeroes at the end ... (repeat twice)
3 MIND
FACTS AT
A GLANCE Based on the fact, state
the ratio of:
and fun learning. It is so easy, that is the way
FACTS AT A GLANCE
Solar System. The size of Sun to the number
S ER
Earth is 4 times the size of planets. 5 Multiply 4 by 10 395. First, multiply the ones, followed
by tens, hundreds, thousands,
of its Moon. b the size of the Moon 4 × 10 395 = and finally ten thousands.
to the size of Earth.
4 The pictures show the prices of three items bought by Fuad’s brother. Additional information Method 1
Multiplication 1 3 2
is repeated 1 0 3 9 5
Method 2
1 3 2
1 0 3 9 5
MIND TEASER
HE
TE
AC
TE
S • Use the melody of Aku Negaraku for the Fun Exploration activity.
33
TEA
NO
• Remind pupils to regroup correctly.
Form three 5-digit numbers from the cards above.
the shoes.
S ER
Mathematical recreational
7.2.1
Saiz sebenar
he s
ac
Te note when stating the ratio.
220
• Use grid paper and graph paper to represent the ratio of 1 : 10, 1 : 100
r’s
• Extend the Mind Teaser activity using other numeral cards. Use the numbers formed
he s and 1 : 1 000. 1.1.1
ac
Te note in Mind Teaser for saying and writing numbers.
. 3 in
SECRET CO
DE e answers rd.
1 1 year
4 month
s + 7 mo
nths =
– 3 hours
5 minutes
=
G
2 hours
50 minute
s
I
100
years
minutes
3 4 × 25
55
years =
ars ÷ 6 = 46 month
s=
K
18 years
M
8 weeks
6 days
4 108 ye months +
MIND CHALLENGE
ars 8 S
+2 ye = Y
4 months ek 2 days 5 centuri
es
17 days
KEYWORD
ys – 48 da
7
2
9 years
10 month
s 16 hou
3
rs
MIND TWISTER
B forty-nine thousand three 2 State b 1110 ho
urs angkawi
3
hours e Tour de L
hundred and fifty-two. 8 6 4 of 96 is a 0615 irst sta ge of the L at 1359 hours.
C four thousand nine hundred the f ish ed
A 72 B 576 C 634 D 648 a G ua rdini won 0 hours and fin lts/
3 Andre rted cycling at 103 cycled.
thirty and five two. resu
stage-1/
wi-2018/
ime taken
Review exercises
D four nine three five two. 9 90.874 + 56 + 102.34 = He sta ion he aces/le-tour-de-langka
the durat ate the t
Calculate ww.cyclingnews.co
m/r
A 101.164 B 157.108 our. Estim
2 Which of the following digit 8 ://w km per h
C 249.214 D 2 492.14 Source: http cle at 60 ay.
has the value of 8 000? ABC
motorcy first
G LOSSARY de s a km aw that finishes - 4.5
to enhance
r ri oup
A 98 034 B 75 380 4 Fathe e 30 r. Th e gr 4.1
10 360.8 – 217.645 – = 9.23 workplac y in grou
ps of fou
nhance
C 32 819 D 80 745 reach his y out the Mind Riddle activit
to ar activity to e
Saiz seben
A 142.232 B 133.925 acute angle Angle with less than 90°. in the Mi
nd Riddle
• Carr eyword
C 213.114 D 2 467.355 angle Space between two meeting of straight lines.
r’
s
wins. ns a nd the k
3 Choose the correct pair. he s
e questio
pupilsʼunderstanding.
ac te
Te no
• Modify th erstanding.
Even Odd area The measurement of two dimensional surface that it covers. 168 pupils’ und
11 What is the percentage of 16 red
A 71 90 balloons out of 40 balloons? area of the base Area of the bottom of a three dimensional space.
B 125 136 A 8% B 16% C 20% D 40% ascending order Numbers arranged from the smallest to the largest number. E.g. 1, 2, 3, 4, ...
C 388 462 axis Horizontal or vertical line on the graph and are placed at right angles to
D 3 644 7 033 12 Find the difference between the each other.
sum of RM26 758 and RM31 075 bar chart A frequency diagram using rectangles of equal width to represent
4 Round off 72 963 to the with RM19 846. information or data.
nearest thousand. A RM77 679 B RM57 833 base The bottom surface of an object.
A 72 000 B 72 900 C RM37 987 D RM15 529 budget An estimation of income/revenue or expenditure for a set period of time.
GLOSSARY
C 72 960 D 73 000 Budget is known as budgetary.
13 What is the currency of the cash Direct payment whether in ringgit or in sen when buying things or
5 86 040 ÷ 12 × 4 = Great Britain? using services.
A 1 793 B 2 868 A Dollar B Riyal column Vertical array of numbers or series of cells in a chart or table.
C 28 680 D 1 792 C Yen D Pound Sterling compare Stating the similarities or differences between two or several values,
Saiz sebenar
6 3 5 + 1 4 – 2 10 = coordinate The ordered pairs of numbers which determine a position of points in the
used to pay toll fares? x-axis and y-axis.
4 1 1 1
vi difference
digit
distance
Differences in quantity or value between two groups of objects or values.
Numbers from 0 to 9 that can form another number.
Length between objects.
duration The length of time that an event lasts.
equilateral triangle A triangle in which all three sides have the same length.
estimation An approximation of a quantity.
even numbers Any integer that can be divided exactly by two.
financial goal Goal to be achieved in terms of finance.
formula A method or calculation procedures used to get an answer.
horizontal axis Horizontal number line in graph.
1 NUMBERS AND
OPERATIONS
RECOGNISE AND WRITE NUMBERS
1 Pupils’ scores in Kahoot quiz.
a
My score is nine
thousand and
eight hundred.
How do we say
Nithia’s score?
Say Nithiaʼs
b
score. TIPS
Say the number in the
thousands group followed
by the next three
numbers.
ten
thousands thousands hundreds tens ones
1 3 7 0 1 Say Afaniʼs
score.
thirteen thousand seven hundred and one
Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Guide pupils
• Emphasise readnumbers
how to say out and record the activities in the pictures.
correctly.
he 1.1.1
ac e s • Askout
• Carry pupils
groupto activities
state andonobtain
sayinginformation on other activities
numbers randomly such ascards.
using number
Te n o t
(i), (ii) 1
• Surfschedule of television programmes
http://create.kahoot.it/login andquizzes
to create schoolforactivities.
enrichment activities.
c
Two thousand and four. Who says
Ban Leongʼs score
Cassie Kavi correctly? Why?
Twenty thousand
and four.
20 004 20 004
2
I write twenty nine
thousand six hundred
and eight in numerals.
Forty thousand
and three
hundred.
Saiz sebenar
• Use flash cards for writing numbers in numerals and words activity.
r’s 1.1.1
he
ac e s
Te n o t • Carry out activities on saying numbers using counters and Dienes blocks,
2 and also matching number cards to word cards.
(i), (ii),
(iii)
3
MIND
6 3 8 4 1
TEA
I partitioned based
TIPS on digit value.
0 can be left out when
partitioning numbers
based on digit values.
Saiz sebenar
• Carry out group activities where pupils seek information on numbers from
r’s
he
ac e s magazines, newspapers, or articles. Carry out activities to write place 1.1.2
Te n o t
4 values, digit values, and partitioning numbers. (i), (ii)
2 What are the unknown values?
The partitioned value
80 000 + 30 + 9 + = 80 439 can be written like this.
8 ten thousands + + 9 ones + 4 hundreds + 0 thousands = 80 439
Is 65 174 partitioned
correctly? Discuss.
MIND
Halim has a secret code of five digits. Digit 3 is at the
TEA
1 Write the place value and the digit value for the underlined digits.
a 20 147 b 69 073 c 52 148 d 78 350 e 96 106
2 Complete these.
a The place value of 9 in 92 615 is .
b The digit value of 8 in 14 087 is .
c In 45 009, the digit at the thousands place is and has
a value of .
3 Complete these.
a 11 568 = 10 000 + 1 000 + + 60 +
b 72 904 = 7 ten thousands + 2 thousands + + +
c = 600 + +9+ + 40 000
Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Remind pupils that it is easier to state the partitioned value of a number by 1.1.2
he
ac e s arranging the digit values from the largest to the smallest.
Te n o t
(i), (ii) 5
Jalan Raya
Jalan Keretapi
PULAU LABUAN
WILAYAH
PERSEKUTUAN
Pendal
BRUNEI BAH
DARUSSALAM PENDA
Miri
BAHAGIAN
LIMBANG
BAHAGIAN BINTULU
BAHAGIAN SIBU S A R A W A K
Sibu
BAHAGIAN
SARIKEI Kapit
BAHAGIAN KAPIT
Source: http://www.malaysiaeconomy.net/download/18072016_2.pdf
The digit value of 2 of 20 000 is lesser than the digit value of 6 of 60 000.
The digit value of 6 of 60 000 is lesser than the digit value of 7 of 70 000.
Saiz sebenar • Emphasise that number values become larger in ascending order and become
smaller in descending order.
r’s • Carry out group activities to find suitable data from the web. For example,
he
ac e s
1.1.2
Te n o t
6 number of tourists. Continue with activities to arrange number cards in (iii), (iv)
ascending and descending orders in the fastest time.
BAHAGIAN
KUDAT LAUT SULU
BAHAGIAN
PANTAI BARAT
Kota Kinabalu
Sandakan
BAHAGIAN
SANDAKAN
laman
S A B A H
HAGIAN
ALAMAN BAHAGIAN
Tawau
games in a district.
Write the largest to the smallest values based on the number line.
All even
numbers are
in the 2
times table.
6 9
2 1 3 2 1 8
– 1 2 – 1 8
1 remainder 0 no remainder
TIPS
Odd numbers end with Prove that 32 is an
1, 3, 5, 7 and 9. even number and 85
Even numbers end with is an odd number.
0, 2, 4, 6 and 8.
Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Discuss even and odd numbers based on a set of numbers and any times table. 1.2.1
he
ac e s • Relate even and odd numbers to daily life situations such as birth dates,
Te n o t
9
the last four numbers in MyKid, and house numbers at pupilsʼ places of residence.
CLASSIFY EVEN OR
3 ODD NUMBERS
I paste even
numbers.
I paste odd
numbers.
FUN EXPLORATION
Tools/ Number grids and
Materials coloured pencils.
Task
a
10 017 10 010 10 003 9 996 9 989
b
9 989 9 996 10 003 10 010 10 017
–7 –7 –7 –7
85 275
88 275 – 87 275
= 1 000
0 00
20
Nearly
10 000 balls.
Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Emphasise that estimation of quantities is very important in daily life such as
he 1.3.1
ac e s estimating the amount of ingredients before cooking and estimating expenses
Te n o t
13
before spending.
S
2 T
R
4 000 ℓ ? ?
The volume of water in pool R and pool T is less than the volume of
water in pool S. The height of pool S is almost four times the height
of pool R. The height of pool T is about double the height of pool R.
T
R
1 Estimate:
a the number of beads in containers b the volume of water
A and B. in bottle C.
A B C
12 000 13 000
12 295 is between 12 000 and 13 000.
12 295 is nearer to 12 000.
12 295 becomes 12 000 when rounded off to the nearest thousand.
Method 1 38 704
30 000 40 000
38 704 is nearer to
Method 2 +1
40 000
38 704 If the thousands digit is 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9,
add 1 to the ten thousands value.
nearest Replace digits 8, 7, 0 and 4 with
ten 0 respectively.
thousand
19 000 mℓ 20 000 mℓ
MIND 2 999
TEA
Saiz sebenar
• Give examples of applying rounding off numbers in daily life such as paying
r’s 1.4.1
he
ac e s
Te n o t household necessities, water, electricity, and telephone bills.
16
5 The number of readers of four storybooks are as follows:
Which storybooks have 50 000 readers when
rounded off to the nearest ten thousand?
653
Mini car
9 084
SKATEBOARD Scooter
SKATEBOARD
18 045
Skateboard
ten
thousands hundreds tens ones
thousands
Add according to place
1 1 value. Start from ones.
1 8 0 4 5
+ 7 2 3 7
5 ones + 7 ones = 12 ones
2 5 2 8 2 12 ones = 1 tens + 2 ones
MIND
Give two 4-digit numbers with a 5-digit sum total.
TEA
S ER
+ =
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Surf https://www.ixl.com/math/grade-5/add-and-subtract-whole-numbers-up-
HE
AC E S to-billions 1.6.1
TE
18 NO
T
• Relate addition to daily life situations such as number of orders and number of
participation in activities.
b Find the total number of mini cars, scooters,
and skateboards.
Method 1 Method 2
1 1 1 1 1 1
6 5 3 9 7 3 7 1 8 0 4 5
+ 9 0 8 4 + 1 8 0 4 5 9 0 8 4
9 7 3 7 2 7 7 8 2 + 6 5 3
2 7 7 8 2
MIND
Given P + Q = 21 490 and R + T = 67 578.
TEA
Calculate P + Q + R + T.
S ER
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Provide more addition exercises involving combinations of ten and same digits.
HE
AC E S
1.6.1
TE T
NO 19
3 The table shows students’ enrolment in universities for the year 2017.
University Male student Female student
UM 10 569 17 391
UKM 1 1 374 19 500
USM 11 080 18 093
UPSI 7 020 16 679
Source: https://www.moe.gov.my/muat-turun/laporan-dan-statistik/pendidikan-tinggi/
buku-perangkaan/2017-5/2393-statistik-pendidikan-tinggi-2017-bab-2-pdf/file
Calculate the
actual total. 1 1 1 1 1
1 0 5 6 9 2 1 9 4 3 3 3 0 2 3
+ 1 1 3 7 4 + 1 1 0 8 0 + 7 0 2 0
2 1 9 4 3 3 3 0 2 3 4 0 0 4 3
Perak Pahang
21 035 km2 36 137 km2 Sabah
73 631 km2
Melaka
NCE
1 664 km2 S AT A GLA
FACT
Source: https://www.rurallink.gov.my/wp-content/uploads/ “Sabah is known as the
2015/05/64.pdf Land Below the Wind”.
It is the second largest
The total area of Sabah, Melaka, and Perlis
state after Sarawak.
is 76 116 km2. Calculate the area of Perlis.
73 631 + 1 664 + = 76 1 16
Step 1 Relate addition
1 with subtraction
7 3 6 3 1 to solve.
+ 1 6 6 4 5 + 1 + 2 = 8
6 + 2 = 8
7 5 2 9 5
2 = 8 – 6
Step 2
10
5 0 11
7 6 1 1 6
– 7 5 2 9 5
8 2 1
1 18 + n = 30 2 m + 45 = 82
What is the value of n ? Use numbers with What is the value of m ?
small value to
solve an unknown.
3 + 1 = 4 3 + 1 = 4
1 = 4 – 3 3 = 4 – 1
2 10 7 12
18 + n = 30 3 0 m + 45 = 82 8 2
n = 30 – 18 – 1 8 m = 82 – 45 – 4 5
n = 12 1 2 m = 37 3 7
18 + 12 = 30 37 + 45 = 82
The value of n is 12. The value of m is 37.
MIND
p + q = 97
TEA
1 Add.
a 50 326 + 1 240 = b 18 607 + 596 =
c 23 510 + 17 008 + 491 = d 37 159 + 4 025 + 891 + 67 =
2 a Total up 51 902, 3 497 and 12 854.
b Add 632, 1 740, 895 and 64 932.
3 The table shows the population of District R S T
districts R, S and T. Calculate the
Population 14 029 25 340 19 880
total population of all three districts.
4 Complete the number sentences.
a 23 098 + = 50 000 b 32 907 + + 5 401 = 64 020
5 Find the values of p.
a 20 + p = 28 b p + 36 = 98 c 19 + p = 40 d p + 54 = 75
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Carry out simulation activities using concrete objects to determine the unknown
HE
AC E S values. 1.6.1
TE
22 NO
T
1.8.1
• Surf https://www.ixl.com/math/grade-4/addition-fill-in-the-missing-digits
SUBTRACTION
1
Number of UPSR candidates in Kedah for the year 2018
Sekolah Sekolah Jenis Sekolah Jenis
Type of Private
Kebangsaan Kebangsaan Kebangsaan
school Cina (SJKC) Tamil (SJKT) School
(SK)
Number of
26 467 3 429 1 295 1 117
candidates
Which calculation
is correct? Why?
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Emphasise that digits must be arranged according to its correct place value before
HE
AC E S performing subtraction. 1.6.2
TE T
NO
• Relate to daily life situations such as finding the difference in the number of male and 23
female ferry passengers and how much less are the passengers during non-holiday
seasons compared to holiday seasons.
2 Subtract 3 020 from 79 400.
Check your answer
79 400 − 3 020 = using addition.
3 10
7 9 4 0 0
– 3 0 2 0
7 6 3 8 0
MIND
19 thousands − 5 tens =
TEA
9 0 0 0 900 90
50 000 10 000 1 000 10 0 10
6 0 0 0 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 60 000
– + 7 0 0 0 + 0 + 8 0 + 5 7 085
5 0 0 0 0 + 2 0 0 0 + 9 0 0 + 1 0 + 5 = 52 915
Method 2
60 000 – 7 085 =
– 1 – 1 When subtracting 1
from both numbers,
59 999 – 7 084 the difference is
the same.
5 9 9 9 9
– 7 0 8 4
5 2 9 1 5
Method 1 Method 2
3 15 8 10 8 10
8 4 5 9 0 8 4 5 9 0 8 4 5 1 6
– 2 3 8 0 6 – 7 4 – 2 3 8 0 6
6 0 7 8 4 8 4 5 1 6
– 7 4
Compare the
two methods.
Which is easier?
6 – 1 = 5
9 0 2 3 6
6 − 5 = 1
– 1 0 1 3 2
8 0 1 0 4
MIND
Given R – T = 49 058.
TEA
Calculate R – T – 12 000.
S ER
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Carry out simulation activities in solving unknowns.
HE
AC E S • Surf https://www.ixl.com/math/grade-4/subtraction-patterns-over-increasing- 1.6.3
TE
26 NO
T
place-values
UNKNOWN IN SUBTRACTION
1 92 − y = 73 2 k – 56 = 28
Use numbers with
What is the value of y ? small value to What is the value of k ?
solve an unknown.
5 – 1 = 4 5 – 1 = 4
5 – 4 = 1 5 = 4 + 1
8 12 1
92 – y = 73 9 2 k – 56 = 28 2 8
92 – 73 = y – 7 3 k = 28 + 56 + 5 6
y = 19 1 9 k = 84
8 4
92 − 19 = 73 84 – 56 = 28
The value of y is 19. The value of k is 84.
1 Find the difference.
a 67 592 − 45 102 = b 93 000 – 16 000 =
c 63 800 − 1 400 = d 80 000 – 6 327 =
e 28 058 – 3 965 – 708 = f 72 906 − 67 – 4 759 =
2 The table shows the number of visitors at two recreational parks.
Recreational park J K
Number of visitors 29 305 40 890
How many more visitors are there at recreational park K compared
to recreational park J?
3 Complete the number sentences.
a 31 970 − = 28 654 b – 18 435 = 67 913
4 a How many need to be subtracted from 18 406 to become 6 249?
b Subtract 583 and 2 046 from 97 510.
5 Find the values of k.
a 79 − k = 36 b k − 22 = 73 c 80 – k = 65 d k − 68 = 19
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Explain “simplifying the problem” strategy by using small values to find unknowns.
HE
AC E S • Use number lines to enhance pupils’ understanding of finding unknowns. 1.6.2
TE T
NO 1.6.3 27
1.8.2
ADDITION AND SUBTRACTION
1 24 336 packs of
tissue are ready.
4 120 packs of tissue
need to be sent to
Waja Supermarket.
Method 1
First, add.
2 4 3 3 6 2 5 8 9 6 Then, subtract.
+ 1 5 6 0 – 4 1 2 0
2 5 8 9 6 2 1 7 7 6
Method 2
2 4 3 3 6
– 4 1 2 0 + 1 5 6 0 Did you get
the same
answer?
Discuss.
Calculation 1 Calculation 2
2 10 1 1 1 2 10
4 3 0 9 8 4 1 8 2 8 1 2 7 0 4 3 0 9 8
– 1 2 7 0 + 6 3 5 + 6 3 5 – 1 9 0 5
4 1 8 2 8 4 2 4 6 3 1 9 0 5 4 1 1 9 3
Use numbers 5 + 4 – 3 = 6
with small value 5 + 1 = 6
to solve an 5 = 6 – 1
unknown. SCAN THIS
1 Solve these.
a 85 796 + 2 031 – 413 = b 90 478 – 12 625 + 587 =
c 26 143 + 681 – 3 795 = d 60 217 – 45 709 + 1 260 =
Method 1
12 × 10
12 × 1 tens = 12 tens
Method 2
12 × 1 = 12
12 × 10 = 120 SCAN THIS
12 × 10 = 120
There are 120 pieces of kuih ros in 12 packets.
How many pieces of kuih ros
are there in 25 similar packets?
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Encourage pupils to use quick mental calculation to multiply any number with 10.
HE
AC E S
1.6.4
TE
30 NO
T
2 Every basket has
34 melons.
34 melons
How many melons are there in 20 similar baskets?
20 × 34 =
Method 1
34 = 30 + 4
20 = 10 × 2
× 10 ×2
340 × 2 = 680
34 × 10 = 340
20 × 34 = 680
There are 680 melons altogether in 20 similar baskets. Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Encourage pupils to write multiplication number sentences based on picture cards
HE
AC E S such as biscuit jars and egg trays. 1.6.4
TE T
NO 31
• When any number is multiplied by the multiples of 10 which is less than 100,
multiply the number with the tens digit of the multiple and put 0 at ones.
3
420 boxes There are 65 printing
of 100 books machines. Each can
are produced print 1 000 books
in a day. per day.
65 × 1 000 = 65 000
The number of books printed in a day is 65 000.
4
Complete these.
6 875 × 10 801 × 100
93 000
Method 1 Method 2
2 5 4 9
4 9
Multiply × 7 6
× 7 6 5
the ones 1 4 9×6
2 9 4 49 × 6 2 4 0 40 × 6
1 630 9 × 70
+ 2 8 0 0 40 × 70
3 6
4 9 3 7 2 4
Multiply × 7 6
the tens
2 9 4
3 4 3 0 49 × 70
3 6 Method 3
2 5
4 9 49 × 76 = 76 × 7 × 7
Add the × 7 6
4 2 1
products 1
7 6 5 3 2
2 9 4
+ 3 4 3 0 × 7 × 7
3 7 2 4 5 3 2 3 7 2 4
49 × 76 = 3 724
The product of 49 and 76 is 3 724. 51 × 28 =
5 1
× 2 8
Identify the error 8
in this calculation. 4 0
2 0
+ 1 0 0 0
1 0 6 8
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Provide more exercises in multiplying two-digit numbers with two-digit numbers
HE
AC E S to reinforce pupils’ understanding. 1.6.4
TE
34 NO
T
• Surf https://www.ixl.com/math/grade-5/box-multiplication
7 138 × 64 =
Method 1 Method 2
24
138 = 100 + 30 + 8 13
Step 1
64 = 60 + 4 1 3 8
× 6 4
1
× 100 30 8 5 5 2
Step 2 60 6 000 1 800 480 + 8 2 8 0
4 400 120 32 8 8 3 2
Total 6 400 1 920 5 1 2
1
6 4 0 0
Step 3
SCAN THIS 1 9 2 0
+ 5 1 2
8 8 3 2
138 × 64 = 8 832
MIND
24 × 17 =
TEA
S ER
RIID
DR DDD
ND
IIN
LLEE
M
Multiplication Wheel
1 Calculate quickly.
a 92 × 10 = b 105 × 100 = c 64 × 1 000 =
d 57 × 1 thousands = e 96 × = 9 600 f × 1 000 = 47 000
2 Solve these.
a 2 805 × 9 = b 10 638 × 8 = c 68 × 45 =
d 406 × 81 = e 42 × 2 070 = f 35 × 1 792 =
3 Show two ways to get the answers.
a Multiply 48 by 39. b Find the product of 103 and 54.
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Ask pupils to determine their turns and the referee before playing.
HE
AC E S • Adjust the numbers used in the Mind Riddle activity according to pupils’ abilities. 1.6.4
TE
36 NO
T
DIVISION
1 We produce 12 400 If there are 10 different flavours of
containers of curd curd of equal numbers, how many
CURD in a day.
FACTORY containers are there for each flavour?
12 400 ÷ 10 =
1 2 4 0 Start to divide
10 1 2 4 0 0 from left to right.
– 1 0
2 4
– 2 0
4 0
– 4 0
0 0
– 0
0
12 400 ÷ 10 = 1 240
Each flavour has 1 240 containers.
43 000 ÷ 1 000 = 43
4 Wednesday 1 2 .2 .2020
Division is
the inverse of
multiplication.
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Relate the division of any number by 10, 100 and 1 000 involving unknowns with
HE
AC E S multiplication and encourage pupils to use the elimination method to calculate. 1.6.5
TE
38 NO
T
• Emphasise that a pattern is formed when the same number is divided by 10,
100 and 1 000.
The rice noodle stocks in
5 6 supermarkets are almost out.
R I CE LES
N OOD
STOCK OF RICE NOODLES
NUMBER
Quality product by company ABC123 NO.
ten
thousands hundreds tens ones
thousands
0 0 5 0 5 0 0 5 0 9 0 5 0 9 1
6 3 0 5 4 6 6 3 0 5 4 6 6 3 0 5 4 6 6 3 0 5 4 6 6 3 0 5 4 6
– 0 – 0 – 0 – 0 – 0
3 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0
– 3 0 – 3 0 – 3 0 – 3 0
0 0 5 0 5 0 5
– 0 – 0 – 0
5 5 4 5 4
– 5 4 – 5 4
Start dividing from 0 0 6
ten thousands. – 6
0
30 546 ÷ 6 = 5 091
5 091 boxes of rice noodles are distributed to each supermarket.Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Emphasise memorisation of the times tables for an easier division process.
HE
AC E S
1.6.5
TE T
NO 39
6 There are We will put equal
100 ciku. numbers of ciku in
25 plastic containers.
0 25 50 75 100
– 25 – 25 – 25 – 25
4 3 2 1
Method 2
25 = 5 × 5
100 ÷ 25 = 100 ÷ 5 ÷ 5
2 0 4
5 1 0 0 5 2 0
– 1 0 – 2 0
0 0 0
– 0
0
100 ÷ 25 = 4
There are 4 ciku in each container.
Based on the number line method
above, what is 175 divided by 25?
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Emphasise that division is repeated subtraction.
HE
AC E S • Guide pupils to divide numbers without remainder through simulation using 1.6.5
TE
40 NO
T
concrete objects and times tables.
7 2 592 storybooks need How many storybooks does each
to be distributed equally school receive?
to 12 schools.
2 592 ÷ 12 =
All right, madam.
2 1 6
12 2 5 9 2
– 2 4
1 9
– 1 2
7 2
– 7 2
0
2 592 ÷ 12 = 216
Each school receives 216 storybooks.
8 79 497 ÷ 73 =
0 1 0 8 9 SCAN THIS
73 7 79 64 649 657 Solve each digit
– 0 – 73 – 0 – 584 – 657 from left to right.
7 6 64 65 0
79 497 ÷ 73 = 1 089
MIND
Use 12 096 ÷ 6 = 2 016 to
TEA
answer 12 096 ÷ 24 = .
S ER
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Emphasise to pupils to check their answers using multiplication to ensure that the
HE
AC E S answers are correct. 1.6.5
TE T
NO 41
9 62 197 ÷ 1 000 =
Method 1 Method 2
6 2
1 000 6 2 1 9 7 62 197 ÷ 10 = 6 219 remainder 7
– 6 0 0 0 62 197 ÷ 100 = 621 remainder 97
2 1 9 7 62 197 ÷ 1 000 = 62 remainder 197
– 2 0 0 0
1 9 7 remainder
62 197 ÷ 1 000 = 62 remainder 197
3 101 remainder 1
÷ 100 = remainder 97
1 Calculate quickly.
a 4 090 ÷ 10 = b 64 500 ÷ 100 = c 15 000 ÷ 1 000 =
d 87 000 ÷ 10= e 30 200 ÷ = 302 f ÷ 1 000 = 98
2 Divide.
a 98 392 ÷ 7 = b 44 856 ÷ 9 = c 162 ÷ 18 =
d 9 282 ÷ 34 = e 51 982 ÷ 47 = f 49 599 ÷ 99 =
3 Solve these.
a 17 245 ÷ 10 = b 36 402 ÷ 100 = c 98 324 ÷ 1 000 =
d 65 369 ÷ 86 = e 5 618 ÷ 59 = f 48 904 ÷ 72 =
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Surf https://ca.ixl.com/math/grade-5/divide-by-two-digit-numbers
HE
AC E S
1.6.5
TE T
NO 43
MULTIPLICATION AND DIVISION
1
BIRTH DAY
HAP P Y
Mum ordered 8
boxes of cheese
tarts. Each box
I help mum to place
has 6 pieces.
all of the cheese tarts
equally onto 4 plates.
Method 1
9 1 77
1 1
3 059 7 64 239
× 21 –63
1 1 2
3 059 – 7
+6 1 180 53
6 4 239 – 49
49
– 49
0
Method 2
3
3 059×21 = 3 059×3
7 1
1 12
= 9 177 3 059
× 3
9 177
1×7=7
2 × 7 = 14
3 × 7 = 21
21 × 3 059 ÷ 7 = 9 177
MIND
4 610×18 = 4 610×12 =
TEA
6 4
S ER
28 2
50 1 4 1 0 0
– 10 0
4 10
– 4 00
100
– 100
0
2 8 2 ×
0 2 0 3
6 4 6
0
8 4 6
14 100 ÷ 50 × 3 = 846
846 pairs of shoes are distributed to Din’s Shoe Shop.
Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Guide pupils to write number sentences involving multiplication and division 1.7.2
he
ac e s based on picture stimulus and solve it correctly.
Te n o t
46
5 Divide 89 000 by 1 000. Then, 6 42 000 ÷ 42 × 100 =
multiply the quotient by 67.
Step 1
89 000 ÷ 1 000 × 67 =
1 000
Step 1 Step 2 42 000 = 1 000
89 000 = 89 89 42
1
1 000 × 67
1 163
Step 2
560
540 1 000 × 100 = 100 000
+ 48 00
SCAN THIS 5963 42 000 ÷ 42 × 100 = 100 000
89 000 ÷ 1 000 × 67 = 5 963
MIND ÷3 × 100
273 91 P
TEA
S ER
×4 ÷ 10
P Q R
What is the value of R ?
1 Calculate.
a 72 × 8 ÷ 9 = b 96 ÷ 6 × 7 =
c 120 × 5 ÷ 10 = d 800 ÷ 100 × 3 =
e 87 × 34 ÷ 3 = f 90 656 ÷ 8 × 4 =
g 96 × 28 ÷ 16 = h 182 ÷ 14 × 86 =
2 Solve these.
a Multiply 100 by 500. b Divide 78 000 by 1 000. Then
Then divide the product by 20. multiply the quotient by 43.
Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Encourage pupils to check their answers using calculators for questions in
he
ac e s
1.7.2
Te n o t Test Yourself. 47
SOLVE THE PROBLEMS
1 The table shows the number of visitors
to three tourist attractions.
Crocodile Water Butterfly
Place
farm theme park park
Number of
visitors 30 819 31 450 29 675
The total of the largest number of visitors and the number of visitors
to the butterfly park is 61 125. 61 125 to the nearest thousand is 61 000.
Saiz sebenar
• Explain and emphasise the steps of problem-solving. Train pupils to underline
r’s
he
ac e s important information. 1.9.1
Te n o t
48 • Provide more problem solving questions on addition, subtraction, multiplication,
and division involving rounding off numbers.
2 Bella has eight number cards as follows:
1 473 1 463 1 468 1 448 1 458 1 453 1 478 1 488
She needs to arrange all the even number cards in ascending order.
What is the fifth number in the number pattern?
Solve
Check
71 505 + 3 075 + 2 925 =
1 11 14
6 4 10 7 10
71 505 77 5 0 5 74 5 8 0
3 075 – 2 925 – 3 075
+ 2 92 5 74 5 8 0 71 505
77 50 5
There are 77 505 cars on the roads in Perlis for the year 2015.
Saiz sebenar
• Provide more exercises in constructing number sentences based on
r’s
he
ac e s daily life problems. 1.9.1
Te n o t
50 • Guide pupils to solve problems through simulations and check the answers.
4 During the environmental conservation
campaign, a total of 27 600 mangrove tree
seedlings were planted in districts R, S and
T. Districts R and S were planted with
17 930 and 8 752 mangrove tree seedlings
respectively. How many mangrove tree
seedlings were planted in district T?
27 600 mangrove tree seedlings were planted in three districts. 1
District R was planted with 17 930 mangrove tree seedlings.
District S was planted with 8 752 mangrove tree seedlings.
Find the number of mangrove tree seedlings in district T.
27 600
17 930 8 752 ?
2
R S T
27 600 – 17 930 – 8 752 =
16 15
1 6 5 10 8 16 6 10
27 6 0 0 9 6 7 0 3
– 17 9 3 0 – 8 7 5 2
9 6 7 0 9 1 8
4 12 1 1
Letʼs check. Add 918,
8 752 and 17 930. 918
8 752
+ 17 9 3 0
27 6 0 0
10 500 780
Draw a diagram.
Write the number 9 420 ? 780
sentence.
10 500 – 9 420 + 780 =
Solve
010 410 1
1 0 50 0 1 08 0
– 9 42 0 + 78 0
1 08 0 1 86 0
Check
10
1 0 0 12
1 0 50 0 1 1 28 0
+ 78 0 – 9 42 0
1 1 28 0 1 86 0
• 13 schools
• each school had 24 participants
• find the total number of participants
13 × 24 = 13 = 10 + 3 I check using
1 24 = 20 + 4 this method.
13
× 24
1 52 × 20 4 Total
+ 260 10 200 40 240
312 3 60 12 72
Total 260 52 312
13 × 24 = 312
Shoe Songket
type Batik canvas
15 × 1 060 =
What is the
1 0 6 0 × method to
0 1 0 0 0 6 0 0 1 check?
0 0 5 0 0 3 0 0 0 5
1
5 9 0 0
15 × 1 060 = 15 900
Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Surf https://www.ixl.com/math/grade-5/divide-2-digit-and-3-digit-numbers-by-
he 1.9.1
ac e s 2-digit-numbers-word-problems
Te n o t
55
9 A poultry farm worker puts 84 cages
of chickens into a lorry. Each cage has
8 chickens. The cages are distributed
equally to 7 markets. How many
chickens are sent to each market?
Market 4
Market 3 Market 5
Market 2 Market 6
84 cages × 8 chickens
Market 1 Market 7
Number sentence 84 × 8 ÷ 7 =
Calculate Check
3 4 84
84 96 96
7 672 8 672
× 8 × 7 – 64
672 –6 3 672
42 32
– 42 – 32
0 0
84 × 8 ÷ 7 = 96
96 chickens are sent to each market.
?
Number sentence 7 350 ÷ 3 × 10 =
Calculate
2 450 2 4 50
3 7350 × 10
–6 24 500
13
– 12 Check
15
24 500 × 3
– 15 = 2 450 × 3
10 1 1
00 = 7 350
– 0 2 450
0 × 3
7 3 50
7 350 ÷ 3 × 10 = 24 500
1 1 1
Check 16 935 17 650
+ 715 + 4 030
17 650 21 6 8 0
Calculate 32 + p = 50 Check 32 + 18 = 50
p = 50 – 32
p = 18
32 + 18 = 50
The value of p is 18.
Calculate y – 24 = 11 Check 35 – 24 = 11
y = 11 + 24
y = 35
35 – 24 = 11
The value of y is 35. Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Guide pupils to solve problems involving unknowns in front of and in the middle
he 1.9.2
ac e s of a number sentence.
Te n o t
59
1 Sugang chooses one of the cards below.
The number on the chosen card becomes 70 000 when rounded off
to the nearest ten thousand. Which card is chosen by Sugang?
April
2 The picture shows electricity
metre readings for a factory
May
in April and May. Calculate
the difference between the
two readings.
11 Siti buys 12 purple orchids and y white orchids. The total number of
purple and white orchids is 36. What is the value of y?
L
E
M
Find the sum of State the place value of 24 509, 25 509, 26 509,
9 in 92 105. 72 ÷ 12 × 15 = What is the fourth
48 925 and 37 106.
number?
3 8 2 10
How to play
2 State the place values and digit values for the underlined digits.
a 19 719 b 34 238 c 75 406
3 Complete these.
a 72 193 = 70 000 + 2 000 + + 90 +
b = 300 + 5 000 + 90 000 + 4
c 61 087 = 6 ten thousands + + + 8 tens + 7 ones
d = 3 tens + 2 ones + 1 hundreds + 8 ten thousands + 0 thousands
4 List the even and odd numbers based on the number cards below.
3 245 4 100 5 012 2 053 1 898 1 401
b
69 128 , 65 590 , 68 993 , 61 540
6
Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Provide more questions on even and odd numbers, and number sequence
he
ac e s in ascending and descending orders to enhance pupilsʼ understanding. 1.1.1,
Te n o t
1.1.2 63
6 Estimate the following quantities:
a b
b
20 749 , 20 740 , , 20 722 ,
c
61 264 , , 63 264 , , 65 264
10 Solve these.
a 40 279 + 1 620 = b 18 043 + 2 645 + 972 =
c 78 175 – 2 155 = d 40 000 – 12 315 – 5 932 =
11 Multiply.
a 12 082 × 7 = b 37 × 94 = c 709 × 65 =
d 2 703 × 10 =
Saiz sebenar e 486 × = 48 600 f x 1 000 = 24 000
• Provide more questions on estimation of quantities involving length and mass 1.1.2 (iii),
r’s
he
ac e s
Te n o t based on the reference set. 1.3.1, 1.4.1,
64 1.5.2, 1.6.1,
1.6.2, 1.6.3,
1.6.4
12 Divide.
a 75 096 ÷ 7 = b 920 ÷ 23 =
c 16 470 ÷ 54 = d 20 880 ÷ 36 =
e 2 076 ÷ 1 hundreds = f 57 148 ÷ 1 thousands =
14 Calculate.
a 800 – 129 + 755 = b 64 980 + 4 526 − 137 =
c 36 ÷ 9 × 7 = d 504 × 11 ÷ 8 =
waitin
g
for
lucky
visitor
s YUM
CAK MY
E Sa l e
RM2
.15
1
1 4 as an improper fraction.
1 State
1
1
4 1 1
1 4 is 1 and .
4
SCAN THIS
1 1 1
4 4 4 1 4 1 5
1 4 is and . There are altogether.
1 1 4 4 4
4 4
1 5
14 =
4
• Scan the QR Code provided to enhance understanding on converting mixed Saiz sebenar
numbers to improper fractions.
R’S • Pupils search for information regarding prices, percentages, and fractions
HE
AC E S
2.1.1
TE
NO
T from supermarket brochures. Discuss. 67
• Surf http://www.webmath.com/convfract.html to convert mixed numbers
to improper fractions and vice versa.
7
2 Convert to
1 10 an improper fraction.
7
1 10 =
1 7
10
10 7 17
+ =
10 10 10
7 17
1 10 =
10
3
3 18 =
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3
1 18 18 18
8 8 8 8 8 8 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
0
8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
3 11 5 13
18 = Is equal
18 to ?
8 8
4 7 TIPS
29 =
+7
2
7 2 9+7 ×9
29 =
9
1. Multiply the whole number
18 + 7 with the denominator.
=
9 2. Add the product to the
25 numerator.
= 3. The answer is the new
9
7 25 numerator.
29
9 7 25 4. Retain the denominator.
29 =
Saiz sebenar 9
R’S
• Surf https://www.mathsisfun.com/improper-fractions.html which explains the
HE
AC E S concept of converting mixed numbers to improper fractions. 2.1.1
TE
68 NO
T
9
5 Convert to a mixed number.
4
1
4
4 4 1 1
1 1
4 4 4 4
9 1 11
= 24 Explain how to convert
4 4
to a mixed number.
10
6 State in mixed number.
3
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
1 2 1 2 1 2 1
0 1 13 13 2 23 23 3 33
3 3
22 1 15 1
= 37 44
is not equal to .
7 4
Why?
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Enhance pupils’ understanding regarding improper fractions and mixed
HE
AC E S numbers using objects, paper folding, fraction charts, or transparencies. 2.1.1
TE T
NO 69
• Stress on the correct way to write mixed numbers and improper fractions.
13
8 =
5
Method 1 Method 2
13 5 5 3 1 3 Numerator
= + +
5 5 5 5 – 5 1
3
= 1 + 1 + 3 8 2 25
5 – 5 1
3 Whole Denominator
= 25 3 number
13 3
= 25
5
FUN EXPLORATION
Task Card
Tools/Materials Task card and pencil.
How to play
1 Write a mixed number and
an improper fraction.
2 Convert the mixed number to
an improper fraction and vice versa
using two different methods.
3 Check your answers with your friends.
4 Keep all your work in a folio.
MIND
TEA
improper fractions.
What is the fraction and 2 9 1 1
a 53 b 2 10 c 17 2 d 28 5
mixed number that can
2 Convert improper fractions to
be formed from 9 parts
mixed numbers.
of 1 ? Show your answer. 5 15 21 31
8 a b c d
Saiz sebenar 2 7 4 10
R’S
• Provide more paper folding activities to enhance pupils’ understanding on the
HE
AC E S process of converting improper fractions to mixed numbers. 2.1.1
TE
70 NO
T
ADDITION OF FRACTIONS
1
I ate 2 out
of 8 parts of I ate 3 parts
kuih bakar. of kuih bakar.
2 4 5
2 Add , and .
9 9 9
2 4 5
+ + =
9 9 9
4 5
+ +
9 9
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
0
9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9
11 9 2 9
= + =1
9 9 9 9
2
= 1 +
9
2
= 19
2 4 5 2
+ + = 19
9 9 9 Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Emphasise that if the final answer is in improper fraction, convert it to mixed number.
HE
AC E S • Provide more simulation activities on addition of fractions using concrete materials. 2.1.2
TE T
NO 71
1 3
3 24 + 3 + =
4
Method 2
Method 1
1 3 1 3
24 + 3 + = 24 + + 3
4 4
4
= 24 + 3
= 3+3
=6
1 3 1 3
24 + 3 + = 2 + 3 + +
4 4 4
4
= 5 +
4
= 5 + 1
=6
1 3
24 + 3 + = 6
4
1 9 7 2 1
4 2 10 + 4 10 + 1 10 = 5 3 + = 23
1 9 7 2 2×3+1
2 10 + 4 10 + 1 10 + =
3 3
1 9 7 2 7 7 = 2 + 5
= 2 + 4 + 1 + + + + =
10 10 10 3 3
10 7 2 5 7
= 7 + + + =
10 10 3 3 3
7 5 3 2
= 7 + 1 + = +
10 3 3 3
7 2
= 8 10 = 13
1 9 7 7 2 2 1
2 10 + 4 10 + 1 10 = 810 + 13 = 2 3
Saiz sebenar 3
R’S
• Train pupils to use simplifying techniques to find the unknowns.
HE
AC E S • Provide more exercises on the addition of fractions involving mixed numbers, 2.1.2
TE
72 NO
T
proper fractions, and whole numbers to enhance pupils’ understanding.
2 1 Change to equivalent
6 + = fractions with the same
3 2
denominator.
Method 1 Method 2
2 1 2 1 4 3
3 2 + = +
3 2 6 6
1
7
4 3 = 1 1
6 2 2
6 6 1 1 1
6 1 3 3 3
= + 1 1 1 1
6 1 6 6 4 4 4 4
1 1 1 1 1
6 6 1 5 5 5 5 5
= 16 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 6 6 6 6 6 6
16
2 1 1
+ = 16
3 2
9 5 7 6
7 +26 = 8 49 +17 =
10
9 5 9 × 3 5×5 7 6 7 6
+ 26 = + 26 × 5 49 +17 = 4 +1 + +
10 10 × 3 9 7
27 25 7×7 6×9
6 and 10 = + 2 30 = 4 +1 + +
30 9×7 7×9
times
The answer 49 54
tables = 2 52 must be =5+ +
30 63 63
6 10 in the
12 20 30 22 simplest 103
=2+ + form. =5+
18 30 30 30 63
24 40 22 63 40
= 2 +1+ =5+ +
30 50 30 63 63
22 ÷ 2 40
=3+ = 5 +1+
30 ÷ 2 63
11 40
= 3 15 = 6 63
9 5 11 7 6 40
+ 2 6 = 315 4 9 + 1 7 = 6 63
10 Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Train pupils to obtain the smallest common denominator using times tables
HE
AC E S and the cross multiplication method. 2.1.2
TE T
NO 73
• Make sure the answer is in the simplest form.
2 1
9 + 7 +16 =
3
Calculation 1 Calculation 2
2 1 2 1 2 1 2×2 1
+ 7 +16 = + 7 + 1 + + 7 +16 = +7+1+
3 6 6 3 3×2 6
3÷3 4 1
=8+ = 7 + 1 + +
6÷3 6 6
5
1 =8+
= 82 6
5
= 86
3 1 4
10 110 + 8 2 + = 2, 5 and 10 The smallest
5 times tables common
3 1 4 13 17 4 denominator
110 + 8 2 + = + + 2 5 10
5 10 2 5 is 10.
4 10 20
13 17 × 5 4 × 2 6 15 30
= + +
10 2 × 5 5 × 2 8 20 40
13 + 85 + 8 10 25 50
=
10 10 10 12 30 60
= 106 1 0 14 35 70
10 10 1 0 6 16 40 80
6 – 1 0 0
= 10 10 18 45 90
6 20 50 100
Solve these.
2 1 2 4 1
a 6+4= b + +23 = c + =
7 7 3 3 9 3
5 2 7 1 1 1
d 36 + = e 18 +34 = f 25 + +6=
3 3
1 1 5 2 3 7 3
g 43 + +26 = h 25 + =65 i + =48
8
Saiz sebenar 2
R’S
• Ask pupils to do exercises in https://www.calculatorsoup.com/calculators/
HE
AC E S math/adding-fractions-calculator.php 2.1.2
TE
74 NO
T
• Explain to pupils that the smallest common denominator needs to be obtained
to ensure the answers are in the simplest form.
SUBTRACTION OF FRACTIONS
1
7
1 8 mooncakes 5 out of 8 parts were taken
Subtract the
numerator only.
Retain the
denominator. The
answer must be in
7 5 7–5 the simplest form.
18 – =1 8
8
2÷2
= 18 ÷ 2
1
= 14
7 5 1
18 – = 14
8
1
14
There are parts of the mooncakes left.
3 1 2
– = . Is this correct? Discuss.
8 8 0
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Emphasise that the denominator must be of the same value before subtracting
HE 2.1.3 (i)
AC E S the fraction.
TE T
NO 75
• Demonstrate the activities above using a paper cutting.
2
2 Find the remainder when is subtracted from 1.
7
2
1– =
7
Method 1 Method 2 Count back in 2 steps
to subtract.
2 7 2
1– = –
7 7 7
5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
= 0 =1
7 1=
7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7
7
2
2 –
7
7
7
5 7
remainder
7
2 5
1– =
7 7
3
24
3 Calculate the difference between 4 and .
3
4 – 24 =
Method 1 Method 2
3 4 × 4 11
✗ 4 – 24 = –
1 ×4 4
✗ 16 1 1
= – ✗ ✗
✗ ✗
✗
4 4 ✗ ✗
5 ✗ ✗
= ✗ ✗
4 ✗
3 4 3
4 – 24 = 34 – 24 4 1 ✗
✗
= +
4–3 4 4
=3 – 2 + 1
4 =14
1 3 1
=14 4 – 24 = 14
Saiz sebenar • In pairs, carry out an activity on subtraction of two fractions. Each pair is
R’S
asked to calculate using Method 1 or Method 2. Compare their answers
HE 2.1.3 (i)
AC S by using pair and check.
TE O TE
76 N
• Carry out simulation activities to explain the concept of subtracting a fraction
from a whole number as shown in example 3.
4 2 7
4 69 – – 29 =
9
Method 1 Method 2
4 2 7 58 2 25 4 2 7 4–2 7
69 – – 29 = – – 69 – – 29 = 6 9 – 29
9 9 9 9 9
31 3 2 7
= = 69 – 29
9 9 3 1
9 2 7
= 34 – 2 7 = 59 + – 29
9 4 9
11 7
= 5 9 – 29
4
4 2 7 4 = 39
6 9 – – 2 9 = 39
9
1 2 1 1
5 Subtract from
16 55 . 6 33 – =13
4 = 10 – 6
2 1 1 1
55 – 16 = 33 – =13
2 1 2x6 1x5 10 6 4
55 – 16 = 5 5x6 – 1 6x5 – =
3 3 3
5 and 6 12 5 6÷3 2
= 5 30 – 1 30 =
times tables 3÷3 1
5 6
= 5 – 1 + 12 – 5 =2
10 12 30
15 18 1 1
33 – 2 =13
20 24 =4 7
30
25 30
30 36
2 1 7
5 5 – 1 6 = 4 30 SCAN THIS
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Scan the QR Code to obtain additional explanations on the subtraction of
HE 2.1.3
AC E S fractions involving unknowns.
TE T
NO
(i), (ii) 77
• Train pupils to use times tables to get the smallest common denominator
which is also known as the Least Common Multiple (LCM).
7 1 2
7 48 – – 23 =
2
Method 1
2, 3 and 8
7 1 2 7×3 1 × 12 2×8 times tables
48 – – 2 3 = 48 × 3 – – 23 × 8
2 2 × 12 2 3 8
21 12 16 4 6 16
= 4 24 – – 2 24
24 6 9 24
5 12 8 12 32
= 2 24 – 10 15 40
24
24 + 5 12 12 18 48
= 1 24 – 14 21 56
24
16 24 64
= 1 29 – 12 18 27 72
24 24
20 30 80
17 22 33 88
= 1 24
24 36 96
Method 2
7 1 2 39 1 8
48 – – 23 = – –
2 8 2 3
39 × 3 1 × 12 8 × 8
= – –
8×3 2 × 12 3 × 8
117 – 12 – 64
=
24
41 1
= 24 4 1 1
24 7
=
– 2 4 Step 1 4 8 –
17 2
= 1 24 1 7
2
Step 2 –23 =
7 1 2 17
48 – – 2 3 = 1 24
2 Discuss if the question
above is solved
using this method.
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Ask pupils to solve other questions using the two methods above and present
HE 2.1.3 (ii)
AC E S their work.
TE
78 NO
T
• Surf https://www.calculatorsoup.com/calculators/math/adding-fractions-
calculator.php
5 8
8 10 – 8 6 – =
9 The smallest common
5 8 6 5 8 6 and 9 denominator is 18.
10 – 8 6 – = 9 6 – 8 6 –
9 9 times tables
1 8 6 9
=16 –
9 12 18
1 × 3 8×2 18 27
= 16 × 3 –
9×2 24 36
3 16 30 45
= 1 18 –
18 36 54
21 16
= –
18 18
MIND 1
5 TEA – – =
= 2
18
S ER
1 Calculate.
4 2 7 5 3 1
a 27 –17 = b 3– 29 = c 68 – – 28 =
8
5 3 1 6 3 1
d – = e 44 – –1= f 95 – 5 –12 =
6 8 7
2 Solve these.
1 7
a Deduct
1 2 from
38 .
3 1
16
b What is the difference between and ?
2 10
3 1 1
c Subtract and from .
25 13 10 4
3 Complete these.
4 3 9
a 75 – = b 8– = 310
5 Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Download exercises from https://m.k5learning.com/free-math-worksheets/fifth-
HE 2.1.3
AC E S grade-5/fractions-addition-subtraction to reinforce skills in subtraction of fractions.
TE T
NO
(i), (ii) 79
• Carry out quizzes using question cards.
ADDITION AND SUBTRACTION OF FRACTIONS
1
What is the fraction of
These are parts the chocolate bars left?
of our chocolate
bars.
8
were
10
eaten
9 7
10 10
9 7 8
+ – =
10 10 10
✗ ✗ ✗
✗
✗
✗
✗ ✗
9 7 16 16 8 8÷2 4
+ = – = =
10 10 10 10 10 10 ÷ 2 5
9 7 8
First, add and . Then, subtract .
10 10 10
Write your answer
in the simplest form.
9 7 8 4
+ – =
10 10 10 5
4
The fraction of the chocolate bars left is .
Saiz sebenar 5
R’S
• Emphasise that the operations must be solved from left to right.
HE
AC E S • Ask pupils to surf https://m.k5learning.com/free-math-worksheets/fifth-grade- 2.1.4
TE
80 NO
T
5/word-problems/fractions-mixed-operations to obtain additional questions.
1 5
2 27 + – 2 =
7
Method 1 Method 2
1 5 1 5
27 + –2=2–2+ +
7 7 7
6
=
7
1 5 6 6 6
27 + = 27 27 – 2 =
7 7
1 5 6
27 + –2=
7 7
3 1 1
3 – + =
10 5 2
3 1 1 3 1 ×2 1 ×5
– + = – +
10 5 2 10 5 × 2 2 × 5
3 2 5
= – +
10 10 10 1 5
=
6 ÷ 2 2 10
=
10 ÷ 2
3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
= 0
5 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10
1 2
=
3 1 1 3 5 10
– + =
10 5 2 5
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Emphasise that the denominator must be of the same value before performing
HE
AC E S the addition or subtraction of fractions. 2.1.4
TE T
NO 81
• Emphasise that the answer must be in the simplest form or mixed number.
• Use semi-concrete materials or diagrams to solve questions.
2 1
4 9 – 23 + =
4
Method 1 Method 2
2 1 3 2 1 2 1 9 8 1
9 – 23 + = 83 – 23 + 9 – 23 + = – +
4 4 4 1 3 4
1 1 9 × 12 8 × 4 1 × 3
3 and 4 = 63 + = – +
4 1 × 12 3 × 4 4 × 3
times tables
1 × 4 1 ×3 108 32 3
3 4 = 63 × 4 + = – +
4×3 12 12 12
6 8 3
4
9 12 = 6 12 + 79 6
12 =
12 16 12 12 7 9
7
= 6 12 7 – 7 2
= 6 12
7
2 1 7
9 – 2 3 + = 612
4
MIND 1
– + = 38
TEA
S ER
Calculate.
3 2 1 5 2 1
a + – = b – + =
7 7 7 9 9 9
1 2 1 1 1
c 54 – 13 + = d + 4 – 23 =
2 6
2 1 5 1
e 8 – 15 + = f 78 + 2 – 54 =
2
g 10 + 2 3 – 4 9 = 2
h 69 + 16 – 4 =
5
7 10
Saiz sebenar • Provide exercises to find the smallest common denominator to enhance pupils’
understanding.
HE
R’S • Encourage pupils to try out the cross multiplication method to find the common 2.1.4
AC E S
TE denominator.
82 NO
T
1 1 1
of 15 of 15 = × 15
5 5 5
1 × 15
=
5
15
=
5
=3
1
of 15 = 3 1
5 Dani ate of 15 curry puffs above.
3
There are 3 pieces of How many curry puffs were eaten?
curry puffs on each plate.
MIND 3
of marbles are blue. State the
4
TEA
3
of =
4 Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Carry out simulation activities using objects and diagrams to enhance pupils’
HE
AC E S understanding and reinforce the concept of fractions of a quantity. 2.1.5
TE T
NO 83
5
2 of 35 penganan were served to guests.
7
How many penganan were served?
CE
TS AT A GLAN
FAC
Penganan or penyaram
is a traditional cake of
the people in Sarawak
and Sabah.
5 2 5 5 5
penganan were served of 35 = × 35
7 7 7 7
1
=5×5
= 25
5
of 35 = 25
7
25 pieces of penganan were served.
1
3 1 5 of 20 =
Method 1 Method 2 1 1
15 = 1 +
5
1 6 4
1 5 × 20 = × 20 1
5 1 × 20 × 20
1 5
= 24
1 1 4
1 5 × 20 = 1 × 20 + × 20
5
1
= 20 + 4
= 24
1
1 5 of 20 = 24
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Enhance pupils’ understanding by using various fraction values and quantity
HE
AC E S values. 2.1.5
TE
84 NO
T
• Carry out online quiz, such as Kahoot. Encourage pupils to interact with friends
in their group.
2
4 2 3 of 90 =
Method 1
2 8 30
2 3 × 90 = × 90
3
1
= 8 × 30 SCAN THIS
= 240
Method 2
1 1 2
× 90 = 30 2 23 23
3
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
0
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
2
2 3 of 90 = 240
7
1 of 45 medals are gold. Calculate the number of gold medals.
9
4
2 1 of
5
100 marchers are boys.
How many boys are there?
3 Calculate.
5 7
a of 42 balloons b of 600 boxes
6 8
1 9
c 7 4 of 280 bottles of juice d 5 10 of 500 people
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Focus on the elimination method carried out by pupils.
HE
AC E S • Download extra exercises from https://m.k5learning.com/free-math-worksheets/ 2.1.5
TE T
NO 85
fifth-grade-5/fractions-multiplication-division/multiply-fractions-whole-number
ADDITION OF DECIMALS
1 What is the total volume of water in
the two kettles?
1.8 ℓ 0.5 ℓ
1.8 ℓ + 0.5 ℓ = ℓ
Method 1 Method 2
SCAN THIS
1.8 ℓ + 0.5 ℓ = 2.3 ℓ
The total volume of water in the two kettles is 2.3 ℓ.
4 2.209 + = 7.103
Method 1 Method 2
A simple example.
9 4 1 0 9 1 2 8 1 2 4
1+2 =3
13 10 11 7 2 =3–1
1 1 1 10 9
2 2 0 9 6 0 10 13
+ 4 8 9 4 7 1 0 3
7 1 0 3 – 2 2 0 9
4 8 9 4
2.209+ 4.894 = 7.103
MIND
Complete the number sentence.
TEA
S ER
+ = 26.721
1 Calculate.
a 3.0 m + 1.9 m = m b 10.54 ℓ + 7.009 ℓ = ℓ
c 6.93 + 80.521 = d 36.584 + 6 + 0.732 =
e 0.645 + 29.1 + 917.08 = f 100 + 59.2 + 1.603 =
2 Complete the number sentences.
a 0.98 + = 6.735 b + 37.012 = 40.1
Saiz sebenar
• Reinforce pupils’ understanding by providing more exercises on addition of
r’s
he
ac e s decimals up to three decimal places. 2.2.1
Te n o t
• Surf https://www.mathsisfun.com/adding-decimals.html for enrichment exercises.
87
SUBTRACTION OF DECIMALS
1
Thank you.
12.6 kg
2.5 kg
1 Calculate.
a 2.3 g – 0.74 g = g b 10.58 seconds – 0.3 seconds = seconds
c 3.48 – 2.069 = d 496.984 – 70.56 =
e 539.217 – 486.05 = f 609.632 – 256.75 – 33.078 =
g 207.48 – 93 – 4.097 = h 54.04 – 8.62 – 0.67 =
Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Discuss with pupils the uses of decimal numbers in daily situations.
he
ac e s
2.2.2
Te n o t • Surf https://www.mathsisfun.com/subtracting-decimals.html for enrichment 89
exercises.
MULTIPLICATION OF DECIMALS
1 Calculate the total volume of water in 3 similar bottles.
4 × 2.54 cm = 10.16 cm
The total length of 4 similar rubbers is 10.16 cm.
3 73.082 × 6 =
7 3 0 8 2 × 3 decimal places
4 1 0 4 1
2 8 0 8 2 6
4 3 8 4 9 2 3 decimal places
73.082 × 6 = 438.492
Saiz sebenar • Guide pupils to estimate the answers by rounding off decimals to whole
numbers. For example, 3 × 1.7ℓ can be rounded off to 3 × 2 ℓ.
r’s
he
ac e s • If the pupils are using the lattice method, guide them to place the decimal 2.2.3
Te n o t
90 point correctly.
4 A GLANCE Calculate the length of hair growth in
FACTS AT
the 10th month.
The length of hair 10 × 1.25 cm = cm
growth is about
1.25 cm a month. Method 1 Method 2
1 Multiply.
a 8 × 2.3 g = g b 4 × 0.6 cm = cm c 7 × 5.43 m = m
d 3 × 40.52 = e 5 × 0.231 = f 2 × 65.321 =
g 3.06 × 9 = h 317.26 × 4 = i 78.252 × 5 =
2 Quick multiplication.
a 10 × 8.34 = b 10 × 54.319 = c 100 × 0.075 =
d 2.087 × 100 = e 92.4 × 1 000 = f 8.006 × 1 000 =
Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Search for other facts, such as the growth of fingernails in a month and the
he 2.2.3
ac e s movement of the Moon around Earth in a month.
Te n o t
91
• Explain to pupils when to ignore the zero after the decimal point. For example,
12.50 (ignore the zero) and 12.05 (the zero cannot be eliminated).
DIVISION OF DECIMALS
1 What is the volume of the juice in each glass?
1.5 ℓ ÷ 5 = ℓ Align the
decimal
0.3 point.
5 1.5
1.5 ℓ
–0
1 5
–1 5
0
1.5 ℓ ÷ 5 = 0.3 ℓ
Each glass contains 0.3 ℓ of juice.
2 What is the mass of one part of the cake?
2 kg of cake was cut
into 8 equal parts. 2 kg ÷ 8 = kg
0.25
8 2 . 0 0 Write two 0.
–0
2 0
–1 6
40
–40
0
2 kg ÷ 8 = 0.25 kg
The mass of one part of the cake is 0.25 kg.
3 63.72 ÷ 9 =
07 . 08 When writing the
9 6 3. 7 2 answer, ignore
–0 the number 0
63 before number 7.
–63
0 7
– 0
72 SCAN THIS
– 72
0 63.72 ÷ 9 = 7.08
Saiz sebenar • Emphasise that in division of decimals, the division must be completed until there is
r’s
no remainder.
he
ac e s
2.2.4
92 Te n o t • Remind pupils that division of decimals is the same as division of whole numbers.
• Surf https://www.mathsisfun.com/dividing-decimals.html to enhance pupils’
understanding on division of decimals.
4 4.32 ÷ 10 =
Method 1 Method 2
0.432 4 . 3 2 ÷ 1 0 = 0.432
10 4 . 3 2 0
–0 To divide by 10, shift the
decimal point one place to
4 3 the left because the value
–4 0 of the quotient decreases.
32
– 30
20
–20
0
4.32 ÷ 10 = 0.432
1 Divide.
a 5.4 m ÷ 6 = m b 3 kg ÷ 5 = kg c 60.42 ℓ ÷ 4 = ℓ
d 87.5 ÷ 7 = e 0.036 ÷ 9 = f 20.028 ÷ 3 =
2 Quick division.
a 0.7 ÷ 10 = b 8.4 ÷ 10 = c 653.2 ÷ 100 =
d 45.3 ÷ 100 = e 9 ÷ 1 000 = f 873 ÷ 1 000 =
Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Guide pupils to place the decimal point at the correct decimal places when dividing
he 2.2.4
ac e s by 10, 100 and 1 000.
Te n o t
93
• Surf https://www.mathsisfun.com/dividing-decimals.html for enrichment activities.
CONVERT FRACTIONS AND PERCENTAGES
1 State the percentage of the
chocolate doughnuts.
35 out of 100 is
100 doughnuts were
35 hundredths.
sold. 35 pieces were
chocolate doughnuts.
35 hundredths is
35
written as .
100
35
in percentage is 35%.
100
35
= 35%
100
The percentage of the chocolate
doughnuts is 35%.
7
3 Write in percentage.
10
Method
Cara 1 1 Cara 2
Method 2
7 7
= × 100%
10 10
= 70%
7 7 × 10
=
10 10 × 10
70
=
100 7
= 70%
Saiz sebenar = 70% 10
• Use squared paper such as mathematics exercise book, grid paper, and graph
r’s
he
ac e s paper for the activity of converting fractions to percentages. 2.3.1
Te n o t
94 • Vary shading activities using MS Excel.
4
4 Convert to percentage.
5
Method 1 Method 2
20
4 4
= × 100%
5 5
1
= 80%
4 4 × 20 80
=
5 5 × 20 100
MIND 1 2
= 80% Do and represent
TEA
5 10
S ER
4 an equal value of
= 80%
5 percentage? Show it.
90
90% =
100
=
63
63%
=
100
= 30 = 24
100 100
= 30% = 24%
The percentage of the red hats is 30% . The percentage of the books read
by Aimi is 24% .
1
Understand the problem Week 3 3
5
1
Week 1 2 kg
2
Plan the strategy
Week 2 4 kg ?
1 1 1
Week 3 3 kg 2 4 3
5 2 5
Calculate the total mass.
Solve
1 1 Check
2 kg + 4 kg + 3 kg = kg
2 5 7 1
9 –3 –4
1 1 10 5
2 +4+3 7 1×2
2 5 = 9 –3 –4
1 10 5×2
=2+4+3+ + 1
2 5 7 2
1×5 1×2 =9 –3 –4
=9+ + 10 10
2×5 5×2 5÷5
5 2 =2
=9+ + 10 ÷ 5
10 10
1
7 =2
=9 2
10
1 1 7
2 kg + 4 kg + 3 kg = 9 kg
2 5 10
7
The total mass of the collected materials is kg.
9
10
Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Guide pupils to determine the operation to solve the problems by identifying
he 2.4.1
ac e s important information and keywords.
Te n o t
”
97
• Vary the questions such as What is the difference between the most and
the least mass?”.
3
2 The total number of members of the Science Club is 140. of the
1 7
members are Year 4 pupils. Another of the members are Year 5 pupils.
2
Calculate the difference between the number of Year 4 and Year 5 pupils.
Solve
Check
Year 4 pupils 3 20
× 140 = 60 Year 4 pupils Year 5 pupils
7 3
1 1
1 70 7 10 10 2
Year 5 pupils × 140 = 70
2
1 20 20 20 20 20 20 20
difference 70 – 60 = 10 60 70
The difference in
number between Year 4 70 – 60 = 10
and Year 5 pupils
Draw a
diagram. Newton 3.1 m
Pythagoras 3.1 m 1.15 m
Einstein 2.15 m difference
3. 1 0 4. 2 5 Check 2. 10 4. 25
+ 1.1 5 – 2.1 5 + 2. 15 – 1 .1 5
4.25 2. 1 0 4 . 25 3.1 0
Solve
Underline
70
the important × 100% = Check
information. 280 25
25% × 280 = × 280
1 100
25
70
× 100% = 25% 700
280 =
4 10
1 70 = 70
× 100% = 25%
280
Saiz sebenar The percentage of money spent was 25%.
• Train pupils to determine the percentages of their test marks or quizzes.
r’s
he
ac e s
2.4.1
Te n o t
100
Complete the Time Recorded for Treasure Hunt Competition
1
table. Which Team Challenge Challenge Total
team won? A B time
1 1
Ibnu Sina 1 hours 2 hours
6 3
2 4
Ibnu Khaldun 1 hours 2 hours
3 5
Gawingʼs house
4 Read the sentences below.
Kelvin gets 48 out of 60 marks in the Environmental Quiz.
Dina gets 24 out of 32 marks in the Road Safety Quiz.
Prem Singh gets 81 out of 90 marks in the Flora and Fauna Quiz.
Who has the highest percentage of marks?
Show the calculations. Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Provide various levels of problem solving questions regarding fractions, decimals,
he 2.4.1
ac e s and percentages.
Te n o t
• Ask pupils to solve the problems in groups to enhance their understanding.
101
Present the answers.
RIID
DR DDD
ND
IN
L
E
M
A F H
C G
D I
E
train bukit bendera muzium perang
J
teluk bahang pusat rekreasi
ACROSS
A 2.48 + 36.7 = B 2 143 ÷ 1 000 =
C 463.4 + 176.803 = D 100 × 5.074 =
DOWN
A 31.8 ÷ 10 = D 80 – 25.69 =
Saiz sebenar
• In pairs, ask pupils to complete the cross-number puzzle.
r’s
he
ac e s • Instil cooperation and meticulousness when performing calculation. 2.2
Te n o t
102
MIND CHALLENGE
1 Convert improper fractions to mixed numbers.
12 14 29 15 20 35
a b c d e f
5 9 7 4 3 8
2 Convert mixed numbers to improper fractions.
2 4 3 3 1 1
a 1 b 3 c 5 d 6 e 10 f 55
7 9 8 10 3 2
3 Calculate.
4 1 3 5
a + = b + =
9 9 4 6
1 3 + 1 =
c 1 + 1 = d 4+ 1
3 4 5 2
4 2 5 1
+ = 4
5
e 3 + 1 + = f 2
7 3 7 6 6
4 Solve these.
7 3 5
a – = b 4– =
8 8 7
4 2
– 3– 1 =
– 2 = 2
c 3 d 5
5 3 9 3
= 4
5 1 1 7
e 6 – 3 – 1 = f 3 –
6 2 3 9 9
5 What is the value of ?
1 3 1 3
a 2 + =3 b –4 =2
5 5 8 4
6 Calculate.
2 1 3 6
a 8 + – 5= b 4 – +1=
3 3 7 7
1 1 1
c 3– 2 +1 3 = d 6 –2+ =
10 5 6 2
7 Calculate.
a 7 of 50 m b 8 of 81 kg c 1 3 of 96 ℓ
10 9 4 Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Ask pupils to solve the questions using various calculations. 2.1
he
ac e s • Ask pupils to check their answers in pairs.
Te n o t
103
8 Complete these.
a 2.5 + 6.09 = b 0.8 + 24.93 + 167.253 =
c 50 + 6.008 + 90.32 = d 42.6 + = 71.4
11 Solve these.
a 41.6 ÷ 8 = b 930.78 ÷ 9 = c 15.28 ÷ 10 =
d 342 ÷ 100 = e 603 ÷ 1 000 =
ADDITION OF MONEY
Wow! This is great, father!
Let’s go to Disneyland! TRAVEL PACKAGE
eA 0 B 8
ag 7 80 0 ge 8
c k 6 c ka 7 2 00
Pa : R M 5 4 a
P R 51 M
:
u lt RM ult RM
Ad ild: Ad ild:
Ch Ch
Relate addition
to subtraction. 6 13 8 12
RM 6 7 3 9 2 . 8 0
– RM 2 3 4 8 6 . 5 0
4 + 5 = 9 RM 4 3 9 0 6 . 3 0
5 = 9 – 4
MIND A trip to which three countries will cost a total of RM16 870?
TEA
C A AN D M F TH E U N A
TAIW N CHINA
RI TO
S ER
SOUTH AF
IT
ST COAS
AU
ED
RITIUS
STATE
WE
RM RM RM RM
11 0 9 0 11 8 9 0 2 3 90 2 5 90
1 Add.
a RM2 017 + RM14 842 =
b RM37 229 + RM42 143.35 =
c RM4 861.60 + RM52 364.50 + RM8 625 =
d = RM9 699 + RM37 540.05 + RM15 000.85
2 Solve these.
a RM36 405.20 + = RM75 918.90
b + RM636.50 + RM36 104.35 = RM98 700
3 a Total up RM5 384, RM37 109.60 and RM864.70.
b How much more needs to be added to RM27 236.20 and RM4 083.75
to become RM49 870?
• Discuss rounding off ringgit and sen values to the nearest ringgit from transactions Saiz sebenar
in daily situations such as from bills and receipts.
R’S • Use play money, number lines, and mental calculations to carry out addition of
HE
AC E S
3.1.1
TE
NO
T values of money. 107
• Remind pupils that adding values of money involving unknowns is the same
as adding numbers involving unknowns.
SUBTRACTION OF MONEY
Perodua Alza 1.5
1 How much less is the price SE Auto
RM56 600
of Perodua Alza compared
to Perodua Aruz? Perodua Aruz 1.5
SE Auto
RM77 200 – RM56 600 = RM77 200
6 12
Perodua Bezza 1.3
RM 7 7 2 0 0 RM41 890
– RM 5 6 6 0 0
RM 2 0 6 0 0
What is the difference
RM77 200 – RM56 600 = RM20 600 in price between
The price of Perodua Alza is RM20 600 Perodua Bezza and
less than the price of Perodua Aruz. Perodua Alza?
MIND
RM49 273 – RM5 881.60 = – RM20 478.19
TEA
S ER
1 Subtract.
a RM64 820 – RM3 715 =
b RM94 786.75 – RM51 236.25 =
c RM65 189 – RM13 687.25 =
d RM76 200.65 – RM5 100 – RM23 003.20 =
e = RM98 000 – RM574.85 – RM24 395.75
f RM58 835.80 – = RM12 758.95
2 a Calculate the difference between RM17 492.05 and RM24 875.
b What is the number that should subtract RM12 287 in order to get
RM20 000?
3 Solve these. Then, M RM70 000 – RM6 231.85 =
arrange the answers T RM50 000 – RM15 000 – RM25 000 =
in descending order.
A RM86 325.75 – RM49 631.20 – RM7 400 =
Write the letters
according to the R RM58 506.10 – RM37 429 =
answer sequence. S – RM3 348 – RM74 829.15 = RM306.60
What is the word formed? Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Carry out pairwork activities where pupils construct questions on subtraction
HE
AC E S up to two to three values of money to be solved by their partners. 3.1.2
TE T
NO 109
ADDITION AND SUBTRACTION OF MONEY
1
BADARIAH'S
BATIK TRADING
in batik trading
RM60 849.70
MADE IN MALAYSIA
THE SMARTEST CHOICE
number sentence.
S ER
1 Calculate.
a RM6 257 + RM4 631 – RM3 812 =
b RM75 930 – RM48 210.63 + RM26 970 =
c RM23 456.95 + RM73 410 – RM30 000.65 =
d = RM71 700 – RM8 346.10 + RM2 294.18
e RM65 598.20 + RM14 890 – = RM36 432.90
2 Solve these.
a Deduct RM2 378 from the sum of RM16 289 and RM7 015.
b How much needs to be deducted from RM42 198.50 and RM8 633
to become RM27 714.50? Saiz sebenar
R’S
• In pairs, ask pupils to prepare questions and share with other pairs. Surf https://thinking
HE
AC E S pathwayz.weebly.com/giveonegetone.html to carry out ”give one, get one” activity. 3.2.1
TE T
NO
• Carry out activities on subtraction of values of money using MS Excel software 111
to encourage the use of ICT.
MULTIPLICATION OF MONEY
1 Each of us receives a financial aid of RM2 800.
a What is the total amount of financial aid received by the 5 pupils above?
5 × RM2 800 = Find the combination,
Method 2 multiply, and then add
Method 1 the products together.
RM2 800
4
RM 2 8 0 0 RM2 000 RM800
× 5
5 × RM2 000 = RM10 000
RM 1 4 0 0 0 5 × RM800 = RM4 000
RM10 000 + RM4 000 = RM14 000
5 × RM2 800 = RM14 000
The total amount of financial aid is RM14 000.
b 34 pupils receive the same amount of financial aid as above.
Calculate the total amount of financial aid.
34 × RM2 800 =
Method 1 2 Method 2 2 8 0 0 ×
3
0 12 0 0
RM 2 8 0 0 3
× 3 4 0 6 4 0 0
0 3 0 0 4
1 1 2 0 0
9 8 2 0 0
+ 8 4 0 0 0 5 2 0 0
RM 9 5 2 0 0 34 × RM2 800 = RM95 200
34 × RM2 800 = RM95 200
Saiz sebenarThe total amount of financial aid is RM95 200.
R’S
• Carry out simulation activities to enhance pupils’ understanding in multiplying
HE
AC E S values of money involving one digit and two digits. 3.1.3
TE
112 NO
T
• Use various methods of calculation such as partitioning and repeated addition.
• Remind pupils that multiplication of values of money is the same as addition of numbers.
2 What is the total cost for 10 exercise bikes?
Sihat Exercise 10 × RM5 095.30 =
Equipment
Centre Method 1
Exercise bike RM 5 0 9 5 . 3 0
RM5 095.30 × 1 0
RM 5 0 9 5 3 . 0 0
TIPS
Method 2 Shift the point one
place to the right
10 × RM5 095.30 = RM50 953 if multiplied by 10.
3 19 × RM864.70 =
Method 1 Method 2
5 4 6 20 × RM864.70 =
RM 8 6 4 . 7 0 19 = 20 – 1
1 × RM864.70 =
1 9
×
1 1 1 13
1 1 6 12 8 3 100
7 7 8 2 3 0 RM 8 6 4 . 7 0 RM 1 7 2 9 4 . 0 0
+ 8 6 4 7 0 0 × 2 0 – RM 8 6 4 . 7 0
RM 1 6 4 2 9 . 3 0 RM 1 7 2 9 4 . 0 0 RM 1 6 4 2 9 . 3 0
1 Calculate.
a 10 × RM433 = b 10 × RM6 578.60 =
c 2 × RM14 243 = d 9 × RM3 192.85 =
e 18 × RM967.15 = f 65 × RM437.20 =
2 Calculate the cost of 23 drones.
Drone RM2 900
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Surf for online merchandise and carry out activities on multiplication of values
HE
AC E S of money. 3.1.3
TE T
NO
• Provide questions on multiplication of values of money involving unknowns 113
and guide pupils to solve them. For example, 8 × RM = RM5 200.
OFFICIAL RECE
IPT
DIVISION OF MONEY Wawasan Bicycle
No. 55, Jalan Zam
Supplier
rud, Taman Ria,
75450 Ayer Keroh,
1 Based on the receipt, what is the Melaka.
Tel. : 06-5002164
cost of an electric bicycle?
Date: 7.4.2019
Received from
RM19 192 ÷ 8 = : Jaya Bicycle Club
Ringgit Malaysia
: Nineteen Thou
RM 2 3 9 9 Hundred and
sand One
Ninety Two
8 RM 1 9 1 9 2 Payment for
: 8 units of electr
ic bicycles
– 1 6
RM19 192
3 1 Cash/Cheque no …………..………
.: BP 56987
– 2 4 Manager
7 9
– 7 2
7 2
– 7 2 RM19 192 ÷ 8 = RM2 399
0 The cost of an electric bicycle is RM2 399.
1 Divide.
a RM13 926.50 ÷ 10 = b RM84 235 ÷ 10 =
c RM8 464 ÷ 4 = d RM34 572 ÷ 8 =
e RM84 332.15 ÷ 7 = f RM95 736 ÷ 80 =
g RM17 216.40 ÷ 12 = h RM89 328.75 ÷ 75 =
1 set
RM780
9 × RM780 ÷ 2 =
RM 3 5 1 0
7
RM 7 8 0 2
RM 7 0 2 0
× 9 – 6
1 0
RM 7 0 2 0
– 1 0
0 2
– 2
9 × RM780 ÷ 2 = RM3 510 0 0
– 0
The amount of each payment
0
is RM3 510.
4 000
RM20 000
× 8 = RM4 000 × 8
5 RM20 000 ÷ 5 × 8
1
= RM20 000 ÷ 40
RM 4 0 0 0
× = RM500
8
Paul Lucy
RM 3 2 0 0 0
Calculate.
a 9 × RM4 000 ÷ 2 = b RM7 000 ÷ 4 × 5 =
c RM13 889.70 ÷ 11 × 2 = d 36 × RM234.85 ÷ 4 =
e RM9 506 ÷ 10 × 80 = f RM33 300 ÷ 48 × 9 =
Saiz sebenar
R’S
• Discuss the common mistakes made by pupils in multiplication and division
HE
AC E S of values of money as shown in example 4 to reinforce pupils’ understanding. 3.2.2
TE T
NO 117
MANAGE MONEY WISELY
1 a
Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Explain the importance and benefits of making a budget to manage money
he 3.3.1
ac e s systematically in order to achieve a target. Encourage habits of saving money
Te n o t
118 3.3.2
and utilising free time to earn extra money such as by washing cars.
c
Weekly Budget - July
Week Money Savings Expense
received
First RM26.00 RM14.10 RM11.90
Second RM20.00 RM10.00 RM10.00
Third RM25.00 RM14.50 RM10.50
Fourth RM22.00 RM12.00 RM10.00
Total RM93.00 RM50.60 RM42.40
Save money
Avoid debt Importance of for the future
keeping records
of savings and
expenses
Control Prioritise
excessive needs
spending
3
How do you save
money? I save my pocket
money.
Ways
to Save
Money
Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Carry out an in-depth discussion on the importance of keeping records of savings
he
ac e s
3.3.3
120 Te n o t and expenses, and ways to save money.
• Surf http://www.fomca.org.my/v1/index.php/fomca-di-pentas-media/fomca-di-
pentas-media-2016/59-membantu-pelajar-merancang-kewangan
FUN EXPLORATION
SCAN THIS
Karl’s Budget
1 Karl wants to buy Money received Expense
a pencil case which Pocket money RM5.00 Curry puff and cake RM2.00
costs RM12. Pocket money RM5.00 Nasi lemak RM2.00
a Is Karl’s total Drawing paper RM1.00
expenses equal Pocket money RM5.00 Tose RM2.00
to his total income? From brother RM10.00 Stationery RM5.00
Pocket money RM5.00 Roti canai RM2.00
b Does Karl have Pocket money RM5.00 Steamed bun RM2.00
enough money to Earned from RM15.00 Toy RM5.00
buy the pencil case? washing cars
Total
2 State two importance of keeping records of savings and expenses.
3 List ways to save money.
Saiz sebenar
r’s
• Guide pupils to identify and keeping records of savings and expenses using
he 3.3.1
ac e s MS Excel in the Fun Exploration activity.
Te n o t
3.3.2 121
• Instil values of being thrifty and spending money wisely. 3.3.3
MAKE WISE DECISIONS
I want to do high jump
1 a training. This branded
Zura’s Wishes for August
pair of sports shoes will
Needs Wants be comfortable and
Rice Biryani rice durable.
School shoes Branded sports shoes
Zura’s priority is to buy
a branded pair of sports shoes.
b
Price of Cash in Money The amount Duration Ways to earn
sports hand needed needed to to extra money
shoes be saved achieve
monthly
1. Selling kuih
RM120 RM60 RM60 RM30 2 months 2. Washing cars
3. Selling used items
c
Date Money earned Spent Balance
19.05 Cash in hand RM60.00 None RM0.00 RM60.00
26.05 Selling kuih RM8.00 None RM0.00 RM68.00
02.06 None RM0.00 Stationery RM15.00 RM53.00
16.06 Washing cars RM40.00 None RM0.00 RM93.00
21.07 Selling used items RM50.00 Donation RM5.00 RM138.00
Donated to
23.08 None RM0.00 RM3.00
jogathon
25.08 Sold old RM8.00 None RM0.00
newspapers
31.08 Lucky draw RM20.00 None RM0.00
EN
EN
IM
IM
EC
EC
SP
SP
Euro Dollar
Japan Russia
EN
EN
IM
IM
EC
EC
SP
SP
Ruble
Yen
China
EN
Saudi Arabia
IM
EC
EN
SP
IM
EC
Renminbi
SP
Riyal
Australia
EN
IM
Bangladesh
EC
SP
EN
Dollar
IM
South Korea
EC
SP
EN
Taka
IM
EC
Great Britain
SP
EN
Won
IM
EC
SP
Pound Sterling
Saiz sebenar
• Show samples of foreign currencies using the website https://www.pinterest.
r’s
he
ac e s com/livafiel/world-currency/?lp=true 3.5.1
Te n o t
124 • Carry out an activity to make scrapbooks on foreign currencies using the website
http://www.instantshift.com/2014/12/01/beautiful-country-currency/
Let’s look at foreign Foreign Currency Exchange Rate
currency values compared Compared to RM1
to one ringgit. The values
vary according to current Country Currency Exchange rate
exchange rates. United States of
America Dollar 0.238
Canada Dollar 0.317
France Euro 0.219
Russia Ruble 15.539
South Korea Won 286.51
N E
IM
EC
India
Canada
EN
IM
EC
EN
SP
IM
EC
SP
Rupee
Dollar
Direct payment
EN
using notes
IM
cash
EC
and coins.
SP
Payment through
savings account
debit card using card.
Payment
instruments Spend first and pay
later to the bank and
credit card card issuer such as
supermarkets. Please enter your
pin number, sir.
Thank you.
Payment of
transactions and
services through
Internet an online account
banking using the Internet.
Saiz sebenar
• Ask pupils to share experiences of using the latest payment instruments.
r’s 3.6.1
he
ac e s
Te n o t For example, e-wallet and QRpay.
126 • Provide several situations and ask pupils to state the suitable payment
3.6.2
instruments.
Payment is made
prepaid using existing cash
card balance using
top-up service.
Cashless payment
e-wallet using applications in
an electronic device.
BANK MAJU
Written order to a
cheque bank to pay the
stated amount of
money.
Represents cash to
postal order be sent to a specified
payee issued by the
post office.
Solve
21 11
RM 1 2 425 . 2 0
RM 1 9 8 99. 0 0
+ RM 2 8 1 70. 00
RM 6 0 494. 20
Check
111211
5 10 2 1 2 1 14
RM 6 0 4 9 4 . 2 0 RM 3 2 3 2 4 . 2 0
– RM 2 8 1 7 0 . 0 0 – RM 1 9 8 9 9 . 0 0
RM 3 2 3 2 4 . 2 0 RM 1 2 4 2 5 . 2 0
Solve
7 15 1 1
RM 8 5 6 0 0 . 4 0 RM 5 8 6 0 0 . 4 0
– RM 2 7 0 0 0 . 0 0 + RM 3 3 5 6 5 . 0 0
RM 5 8 6 0 0 . 4 0 RM 9 2 1 6 5 . 4 0
Check
11
8 1 11 1
RM 9 2 1 6 5 . 4 0 RM 5 8 6 0 0 . 4 0
– RM 3 3 5 6 5 . 0 0 + RM 2 7 0 0 0 . 0 0
RM 5 8 6 0 0 . 4 0 RM 8 5 6 0 0 . 4 0
down information
write
The cost of installing a camera in a shophouse is RM2 750.
Find the cost of installing cameras in 8 shophouses.
4 A company allocates RM3 500 a month for charity. The total sum per
year is donated equally to 7 welfare homes. Calculate the amount
received by one welfare home.
12 × RM3 500 ÷ 7 =
Solve
1
RM 3 5 00 6 000
× 12 RM42 000
1 7 0 00 = RM6 000
7
+ 35 0 00 1
RM 4 2 0 0 0
Show another
method to solve it.
12 × RM3 500 ÷ 7 = RM6 000
The amount received by one welfare home is RM6 000.
Saiz sebenar
• Form two groups, A and B. Each group solves a question. Pupils guide
r’s 3.7.1
he
ac e s peers from another group through the Rally Coach activity.
Te n o t
130
5 The cost to renovate Encik Ming Ho’s house is RM75 000. Underline
He pays in 5 equal instalments in April, May, June, July, the important
and August. information.
2 Zaidi’s father had RM34 807.12 in his bank account. A year later, he
withdrew RM20 000 to run his durian and mango farms. After a
period of time, he banked in RM13 047.80 obtained from his farm’s
produce. Calculate his remaining account balance.
L
E
M