Unit 11 experiences

By Romero Esquivel Jairo Alberto

Present Perfect Simple (present perfect #1)
Estructure: have or has + past participle

Regular verbs in past participle

Verbs

Examples

By Romero Esquivel Jairo Alberto

Positive & negative sentences

Questions & Short Answers

Already & Yet

Already = before the expected time

EXAMPLES

It's only 11 o'clock, but we have already eaten lunch.

A: Hello, Mrs.Smith. It's Rick. Is James there?

B: Hi, Rick. Sorry but James has already gone to bed.

Have you had dinner yet?

The sun hasn't set yet.

Until Now
We often use the Present Perfect Simple when we talk about a time from the past
until now. The time is not finished.

Examples of Unfinished Past Times:

 my life
 today

By Romero Esquivel Jairo Alberto

  this week
 this year
 Examples:
 I haven't talked to Jane today.
 He's seen the movie six times.
(in his life)
 I've already had my birthday this year.

Ever & Never

When we talk about life experience, it is popular to use ever in questions:

Never = I don't have the experience.

Have you ever tried skydiving?

Have you ever been to Singapore?

I'm nervous because I've never flown in an airplane.

I can't believe you've never eaten sushi!

Been & Gone

For the past participle of go, English speakers use both gone and been.

Gone = the person is there now

A: Do you know where Matt is?

B: I think he's gone to the bathroom.

I am taking care of Shelly's apartment. She's gone to Hawaii.

Been = the person went, but now he or she is back

A: Do you need to go to the washroom before we go?

B: No thanks. I've already been to the washroom.

Have you ever been to McGuiness Park? It's quite nice.

By Romero Esquivel Jairo Alberto

Present Perfect Continuous (present perfect #2)
Structure (positive)
I
YOU
WE HAVE/´VE
THEY
BEEN WAITING FOR TEN MINUTES
SHE
HE HAS/´S
IT

Structure (negative)
I
YOU
WE HAVEN´T/ HAVE NOT
THEY
BEEN RAINNING FOR A FEW HOURS
HE
SHE HAS NOT/HASN´T
IT

Questions

YOU

HAVE WE

THEY

BEEN WORKING TODAY SINCE 8 PM?

HE

HAS SHE

IT

By Romero Esquivel Jairo Alberto

By Romero Esquivel Jairo Alberto
Examples
I HAVE/ HAS BEEN ADJUSTING TO OUR RELATIONSHIP

SUB/HAS OR HAVE/BEEN/VERB ING/ COMPLEMENT.

SHE HASN´T BEEN CREATING OR HER BOYFRIEND

SUB/HAS OR HAVE/BEEN/VERB ING/ COMPLEMENT

HAS DIDIER BEEN BELIENING HIS LIES ?

HAS/ SUB/BEEN/VERB ING/ COMPLEMENT

Exceptions
We can use the present perfect to describe things that started in the past and
continue now.

When describing thge duration of unfinished actions or situations with in the

present perfect we usually FOR AND SINCE

For
Examples

 For two years

 For three months
 For a long time

Since
Example

 Since november
 Since 8:00 am
 Since january 17th

By Romero Esquivel Jairo Alberto

By Romero Esquivel Jairo Alberto
 Finished Times (present perfect #3)
Do not use the present perfect with finished times. Examples of Finished Times:

Yesterday

In 2008

When I was a child

Three days ago

Last tuesday

A year ago

WHEN AND WHAT TIME?

We also do not use the present perfect when we ask questions with when or what
time:

 When did you move to this city?

 What time did you finish work last night?

 When did they meet?

Present perfect: Past simple:

Jill and Tom have left. Jill and Tom left an hour ago.
Her computer has broken. Her computer broke yesterday.
Have you ever been to Japan? Did you go to Japan last year?
My bus hasn’t come yet. My bus didn’t come this morning. I had to take a taxi.
We have had our house for two years. We had our house for two years.
(We have our house now.) (We don't have our house now.)

By Romero Esquivel Jairo Alberto

By Romero Esquivel Jairo Alberto
 How long?
We use the present perfect to describe things that continue now. If they are
finished, use the past.

Example: present perfect Example: past

(+) We´ve been married for six years. (+) We were married for six years.
(We are married now.) (We are not married anymore)

(?) How long have you been working at the (?) How long did you work at the restaurant?
restaurant? (This is finished)
(You are working there now.)

Compare
One of the main differences between the present perfect and the past simple is
that the present perfect doesn’t specify the time which the action occurred.

Jill and Tom have left. (They are not here now.)

Jill and Tom left an hour ago.

By Romero Esquivel Jairo Alberto