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How We Got the Bible
Ten Key Points
1 The Bible is inspired by God (2 Timothy 3:16-17; 2 Peter 1:20-21).

2 The Bible is made up of 66 different books that were written over 1600 years
(from approximately 1500 BC to AD 100) by more than 40 kings, prophets, leaders,
and followers of Jesus. The Old Testament has 39 books (written approximately
1500-400 BC). The New Testament has 27 books (written approximately AD 45-100).
The Hebrew Bible has the same text as the English Bible’s Old Testament, but divides
and arranges it differently.

3 The Old Testament was written mainly in Hebrew, with some Aramaic. The
New Testament was written in Greek.

4 The books of the Bible were collected and arranged and recognized as inspired
sacred authority by councils of rabbis and councils of church leaders based on
careful guidelines.

5 Before the printing press was invented, the Bible was copied by hand. The
Bible was copied very accurately, in many cases by special scribes who
developed intricate methods of counting words and letters to insure that no errors
had been made.

6 The Bible was the first book ever printed on the printing press with moveable
type (Gutenberg Press, 1455, Latin Bible).

7 There is much evidence that the Bible we have today is remarkably true to the
original writings. Of the thousands of copies made by hand before 1500, more
than 5,300 Greek manuscripts from the New Testament alone still exist today. The
text of the Bible is better preserved than the writings of Plato or Aristotle.
B

8 The discovery of the Dead Sea Scrolls confirmed the astonishing reliability of
some of the copies of the Old Testament made over the years. Although some
spelling variations exist, no variation affects basic Bible doctrines.
W
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9
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As the Bible was carried to other countries, it was translated into the common
language of the people by scholars who wanted others to know God’s Word.
Today there are still 2,000 groups with no Bible in their own language.

10 By AD 200, the Bible was translated into seven languages; by 500, 13 languages;
by 900, 17 languages; by 1400, 28 languages; by 1800, 57 languages; by 1900, 537
languages; by 1980, 1,100 languages; by 2006, 2,426 languages have some portions of
the Scripture.
Source: The World Christian Encyclopedia; Wycliffe, International. T
p
in

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Title: How We Got the Bible Product Code: 407X ISBN-13: 9780965508261

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(approx. 1500-400 BC) (approx. AD 45-100)
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n papyrus, were used to
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made from sheets folded and sewn Fine quality animal skins from calves
together, sometimes with a cover. They or antelope (vellum) and sheep or goats
were used more than scrolls after (parchment) were used for over 1000 years
e AD 1-100. to make copies of the Bible approximately
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Title: How We Got the Bible Product Code: 407X ISBN-13: 9780965508261
2000 BC 500 BC 200 BC
Old Testament events Ezra, a priest and scribe, The books are arranged
are written down in collects and arranges by subject: historical,
Hebrew (portions in some of the books of the poetic, and prophetic. It
Aramaic) over centuries. Hebrew Bible—the Old includes the Apocrypha
In Exodus, the Lord tells Testament—about 450 BC, (meaning “hidden”),
Moses to write in a book. according to Jewish referring to seven books
Other Old Testament tradition. that were included in the
writers, inspired by God, Hebrew Bible until AD 90
include leaders, kings when they were removed
and prophets. Together,
The Septuagint is the by Jewish elders.
Greek translation of the
these writings on leather
Hebrew Bible (the Old
scrolls and other materials
Testament). It is translated
are called the Hebrew
in 250-100 BC by Jewish
Scriptures or Old
scholars in Alexandria,
Testament.
Egypt. (The word
Septuagint means seventy,
referring to the tradition
that 70 or 72 men translated
it. It is often abbreviated
LXX, the Roman numeral
for seventy.) A Scribe
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Title: How We Got the Bible Product Code: 407X ISBN-13: 9780965508261
AD 1
Papyrus, a plant, is cut Time of Jesus
into strips and pressed 4 BC-AD 33?
into sheets of writing Jesus quotes the Old
material and can be made Testament (Scriptures)
into a scroll or a codex. often. He says that He
The New Testament did not come to destroy
books were probably the Scriptures, but to
0 first written on papyrus fulfill them. He says to
d scrolls. Later Christians his disciples, “These are
begin to copy them on the words which I spake
sheets of papyrus which unto you, . . . that all
are bound and placed things must be fulfilled,
between two pieces of which were written in
wood for covers. This Papyrus the law of Moses, and in
form of early book is the prophets, and in the
known as a codex. psalms, concerning me.
Then opened he their
understanding, that they
might understand the
scriptures.” Luke 24:44-45

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Title: How We Got the Bible Product Code: 407X ISBN-13: 9780965508261
AD 100 AD 200
Followers of Jesus Old Testament
Early Coptic Translation Apocrypha
Matthew, Mark, Luke, John,
Paul, James, Peter, and Jude Evidence derived from first
write the Gospels, history, century AD writers Philo
letters to other Christians, and Josephus indicates that
and the Revelation between the Hebrew canon did not
AD 45 and 100. The writers include the Apocrypha.
quote from all but eight of
the Old Testament books. Earliest Translations
These writings in Greek are 200-300 Latin, Coptic
copied and circulated so that (Egypt), and Syriac (Syria).
by about 150 there is wide
enough use of them to speak
of the “New Testament” Church Fathers
(“New Covenant”). The new accept the writings of the
covenant God made with Gospels and Paul’s letters as
people was promised in Jer. canonical (from a Greek word
31:31-34 and referred to by referring to the rule of faith
Jesus (Lk. 22:20) and Paul and truth). Origen lists 21
5 (1 Cor. 11:25) and in the approved New Testament
letter to the Hebrews. books. Eusebius lists 22
accepted books.
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Title: How We Got the Bible Product Code: 407X ISBN-13: 9780965508261
AD 300
The New Testament Jerome starts translating
books are collected and the Scriptures into Latin in
rst circulated throughout
410 and finishes 25 years
the Mediterranean about
later. This translation,
hat the time of Constantine,
called the Latin Vulgate,
t the Roman emperor who
remains the basic Bible for
legalizes Christianity in
many centuries.
313. By 400 the standard
of 27 New Testament Jerome
books is accepted in
the East and West as
a). confirmed by Athanasius,
Jerome, Augustine and
three church councils.
The 27 books of the New
s as Testament were formally
word confirmed as canonical
th Saint Matthew by the Synod of Carthage
1 Lindisfarne Gospels in 397, thus recognizing
t Approximately 900 three centuries of use by
followers of Christ.

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Title: How We Got the Bible Product Code: 407X ISBN-13: 9780965508261
LXX, the Roman numeral
for seventy.) A Scribe

AD 500 AD 600
Roman Empire Christianity reaches A
declines. Germanic Britain before 300, but o
migrations (378-600) Anglo-Saxon pagans drive tr
cause new languages Christian Britons into E
to emerge. Wales (450-600). In 596,
Augustine of Canterbury
begins evangelization
The Masoretes are again. A
special Jewish scribes D
entrusted with the sacred tr
task of making copies of N
the Hebrew Scriptures Bede b
(Old Testament) Caedmon, an illiterate
L
approximately 500-900. monk, retells portions of
Scripture in Anglo-Saxon Bede, a monk and
They develop a meticulous scholar, makes an Old
system of counting the (Old English) poetry and
song (676). English (Anglo-Saxon)
number of words in each translation of portions A
book of the Bible to make of Scripture. On his tr
sure they have copied deathbed in 735, he O
it accurately. Any scroll Aldhelm of Sherborne, finishes translating the
found to have an error 709, is said to have Book of John.
is buried according to translated the Psalms.
Jewish law.
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Title: How We Got the Bible Product Code: 407X ISBN-13: 9780965508261
scriptures.” Luke 24:44-45 (1
le

AD 1300
Alfred The Great, King Normans conquer First English Bible
of Wessex (871-901) England (1066) and is translated from Latin I
translates portions of make French the official in 1382 and is called the it
Exodus, Psalms, and Acts. language. No English Wycliffe Bible in honor of tr
translation work produced priest and Oxford scholar in
until the 1300s. John Wycliffe. During w
his lifetime, Wycliffe had a
Aldred, Bishop of wanted common people
Durham, inserts a
Middle English emerges,
popularized by works such to have the Bible. He
translation in the also criticized a number
as the Canterbury Tales and
Northumbrian dialect of church practices and
Richard Rolle’s Psalter (1340).
between the lines of the policies. His followers, W
Lindisfarne Gospels (950). John Wycliffe derisively called Lollards p
(meaning “mumblers”), m
included his criticisms in in
the preface to the Wycliffe J
Aelfric (955-1020) Bible. This Bible is banned in
translates portions of the and burned. Forty years s
Old Testament. after Wycliffe’s death, his e
bones are exhumed and s
burned for heresy.

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Title: How We Got the Bible Product Code: 407X ISBN-13: 9780965508261
5 24:44-45(1 Cor.(1
ke Cor. 11:25)
11:25) and
and in in the
the
books. Eusebius
books. lists 22lists 22
Eusebius
letter toletter
the to the Hebrews.
Hebrews.
accepted books.books.
accepted

AD
AD1500
1500
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rd scholar in common EnglishEnglish Vulgateversion
Vulgate version isisoften
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During withoutwithout permission
permission of of illuminated by artistswho
illuminated by artists who translation
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a bishop.
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hand paint letters and and Testament in 1516. His
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Title: How We Got the Bible Product Code: 407X ISBN-13: 9780965508261
followers of Christ.

William Tyndale, Tyndale is called the


priest and Oxford scholar, “Father of the English
translates the New Bible” because his
Testament from Greek translation forms the
(1525), but cannot get basis of the King James
approval to publish it Version. Much of the
in England. He moves style and vocabulary we
to Germany and prints know as “biblical English”
Bibles, smuggling them is traceable to his work.
e into England in sacks of
corn and flour. In 1535 he
he publishes part of the Old
ed Testament translated from
Hebrew. In 1536, Tyndale
e Erasmus is strangled and burned at
the stake. His final words
are “Lord, open the King
Martin Luther
of England’s eyes.”
translates the New
Testament into German
in 1522.
William Tyndale
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Title: How We Got the Bible Product Code: 407X ISBN-13: 9780965508261
AD 1555
England’s Queen Mary Bishops Bible
bans Protestant Calvin, Beza, Knox, and A new translation
translations of the English Whittingham. It is the first begins under Queen
Bible. John Rogers and Bible to use Roman type Elizabeth in 1568. It is
Thomas Cranmer are instead of black letter. This translated by several
burned at the stake. is the Bible of Shakespeare bishops of the Church
Later some 300 men, and the one carried to of England in answer
t. women and children are America by the Pilgrims in to the Geneva Bible.
also burned. 1620. The 1640 edition is
the first English Bible to
The Geneva Bible omit the Apocrypha.
Rheims-Douai Bible
Exiles from England flee was translated into
to Geneva, Switzerland, English from the Latin
and in 1560 print the Vulgate by Catholic
Geneva Bible, a complete scholar Gregory Martin,
revision of the Great Bible while in exile in France
with the Old Testament (New Testament in 1582/
translated from Hebrew. Old Testament in 1609).
The Geneva Bible contains It becomes the standard
theological notes from translation for the
” Protestant scholars John Queen Mary Catholic church.
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Title: How We Got the Bible Product Code: 407X ISBN-13: 9780965508261
AD 1600
King James Version O
or Authorized Version (The edition used today D
King James I of England was revised in 1769.) It is B
commissions 54 scholars the most popular Bible for se
to undertake a new Bible more than 300 years. k
translation. Over the next ar
six years, six teams of
scholars using the Bishops C
Bible and Tyndale’s Bible, a
as well as available Greek T
and Hebrew manuscripts, p
complete the new version b
in 1611. The King av
King James Bible James Version (also in
Page from 1611 version called the “Authorized
Version,” even though C
King James never gave (e
the finished version his th
royal approval) is revised in
several times. S
King James
n
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More than 70 Bible reference charts and PowerPoints® available. Download catalog and sign up for Rose Bible e-Charts at www. rose-publishing.com
Title: How We Got the Bible Product Code: 407X ISBN-13: 9780965508261
ADAD
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Title: How We Got the Bible Product Code: 407X ISBN-13: 9780965508261
AD 1900
The Dead Sea Scrolls, A Scroll of Isaiah that
found in a cave in 1947 is part of the Dead Sea
by a shepherd, contain Scrolls is the oldest
the oldest known copies complete manuscript of any
of portions of the Old book of the Bible (copied
Testament. These copies around 100). The copies
were made between of Isaiah discovered in the
100 BC and AD 100. Qumran caves prove to be
remarkably close to the
standard Hebrew Bible,
varying slightly in the
spelling of some names. Scroll of Isaiah
They give overwhelming
confirmation of the A Ugaritic Grammar
reliability of the is published in the
Masoretic copies. 1960s. Ugaritic is an
ancient language similar
During the 1900s more to Hebrew and helps
A Qumran Cave near than a hundred New scholars understand
the Dead Sea Testament manuscripts are Hebrew vocabulary
found in Egypt. and poetry.

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Title: How We Got the Bible Product Code: 407X ISBN-13: 9780965508261
King James St. Catherine’s Monastery reflect the
near Mt. Sinai.

AD 1900
Modern Translations 1931 1966 1971 1
The knowledge from newly Smith-Goodspeed, An Jerusalem Bible The Living Bible N
discovered manuscripts American Translation Translation by Catholic Popular paraphrase. (
has led to hundreds of new Modern American English. scholars in Jerusalem. c
translations. The New Jerusalem
1952 1976
Bible, 1985. 1
1885 The Revised Standard The Good News Bible
J
The English Revised Version (RSV) 1970 (Today’s English T
Version A revision of the ASV. New New English Bible Version) (TEV)
Vernacular English E
A British revision of the Testament revised 1971. “Timeless” modern u
King James Version. translation.
1958
English. Revised in 1989. e
1901 J.B. Phillips’ New 1970 1978 1
American Standard Testament in Modern New American Bible New International N
Version (ASV) English A paraphrase, (NAB) Official version of Version (NIV) S
Revision of the King originally made for youth. the Catholic Church. Revised Dignified, readable. “
James Version in New Testament in 1986. o
1965 1982
American English.
The Amplified Bible 1971 New King James 1
1926 Uses word-for-word ASV New American Version (NKJV) C
Moffatt Bible with added words to Standard Bible (NASB) Modernization of the E
A very popular modern- communicate insights on Literal word-for-word KJV using the same “
language version. original texts. translation. Updated in 1995. manuscripts. E

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Title: How We Got the Bible Product Code: 407X ISBN-13: 9780965508261
found in Egypt. and poetry.

AD 2000
1987 1995 2002
New Century Version God’s Word The Message (MSG)
(NCV) Puts biblical Contemporary English. A paraphrase from the
concepts into natural terms. original languages.
1996
1989 New Living 2004
Jewish New Translation (NLT) Holman Christian
Testament A revision of The Living Standard Bible
Bible to make it a (HCSB) Balance between
English translation
translation. word-for-word and
using traditional Jewish
thought-for-thought.
expressions. 1996
1989 New International 2005
New Revised Reader’s Version Today's New
Standard Version (NIrV) International Version
“Gender neutral” revision A simplified version of (TNIV) Modernization of the
of the RSV. the NIV with a 3rd- or New International Version.
4th-grade reading level. 2005
1991
Contemporary 2001 New English
English Version English Standard Translation (NET)
Version (ESV) Literal Available only on the
“Natural, uncomplicated”
update of the RSV. Internet, with extensive
English.
translator’s notes.
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Title: How We Got the Bible Product Code: 407X ISBN-13: 9780965508261
translation for the several times.
he Great Bible. theological notes from
The “Chained Bible” Protestant scholars John Queen Mary Catholic church.

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More than 70 Bible reference charts and PowerPoints® available. Download catalog and sign up for Rose Bible e-Charts at www. rose-publishing.com
Title: How We Got the Bible Product Code: 407X ISBN-13: 9780965508261
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© 2009 Rose Publishing, Inc. Bible Reference Made Easy
More than 70 Bible reference charts and PowerPoints® available.
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© 2009 Rose Publishing, Inc. Bible Reference Made Easy At www.rose-publishing.com
More than 70 Bible reference charts and PowerPoints® available. Download (Do not enter a “catalog” or “source code”)
catalog and sign up for Rose Bible e-Charts at www. rose-publishing.com

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