‫جامعة النجاح الوطنية‬ An-Najah National University

‫كلية الهندسة وتكنولوجيا المعلومات‬ Faculty of Engineering & IT

Civil Engineering Department

Mechanics of Materials Lab (10601202)
Second Semester
2019/2020
Report Sheet
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Shear Of Rubber Test

Date Performed: February 26, 2020
Partners: Abdalaziz Kharaz
Karsou Karsou
Tahseen Qashou

Section: Wednesday 8-10 AM

Instructors: Hind Tbaileh,

Eng Noor Faris
 1. Introduction :

The loads subjected in a structure is classified according to

its direction on the cross sectional area of the member, the
load which is orthogonal to the cross section is axial, and the
load which is parallel to the cross section is called shear force
.(cutting force), which is the subject of our experiment

2. Objective :

In this experiment, we will discuss the effect of the shear

force on a rubber piece, and calculate the change in the right
.angle of the piece edge, and calculate modulus of rigidity

2.1 Definition

Shear force: A force acting in a direction parallel to a

surface or to a planar cross section of a body.
Shear Stress: is the amount of force per unit area
perpendicular to the axle of the member.
Shear Strain: the length of deformation divided by the
perpendicular length in the plane of the force applied.
Elastic deformation: is a change in shape of a material at
low stress that is recoverable after the stress is removed.
Plastic deformation: a material changes shape when a stress
is applied to it and does not go back to its original state when
the stress is removed.

3. Theory :

The behavior of the shear stress is change in the right angle,

and it can be calculated by finding the displacement of the
.edge point and divide it over the length of the member

Modulus of rigidity or shear modulus is the rate of change of

unit shear stress with respect to unit shear strain for the
condition of pure shear within the proportional limit.
Modulus of rigidity formula is G = E/(2(1+v)), and modulus of
rigidity is G, elastic modulus is E and Poisson's ratio is v in the
formula. Modulus of rigidity value of a material is
determined by a torsion test.
 4. Apparatus :
Only one main tool was used here ,which is the piece of
rubber attached with a hanger rod applied many
different loads up to 120 N as shown in (4.1)

4.1: Small dial

gage
Piece of rubber

Hanger

Procedure .5
We put loads on a hanger , and evaluated the dial gauge
reading , and multiplying it by a factor to convert it to mm ,
which represents the displacement of the point , after that
we plotted F vs ∆ L, to calculate the slope, and finally we
multiplied the slope with a factor to calculate the modulus of
.rigidity
 6.Results :

Deflection
Load(N) Gauge Reading (0.01)
(mm)
٠ ٠ ٠
10 22 0.22
20 49 0.49
30 75 0.75
40 100 1
50 125 1.25
60 152 1.52
70 180 1.8
80 205 2.05
90 235 2.35
100 262 2.62
110 290 2.9
120 315 3.15

Load(N)
١٤٠

١٢٠

١٠٠

٨٠

٦٠

٤٠

٢٠

٠ Deflection(mm)
٠ ١ ١ ٢ ٢ ٣ ٣ ٤

7.Calculations :

G= Slope*L/A
A:25*150 L=75 Slope= Y2 – Y1/X2 – X1
= 80 – 60/205.2 – 152
= 0.38

G= 0.38*(75/(25*150))
=0.0076 GPA

8.Discussion & Conclusion :

we can see that there is a deformation on the rubber block

as load is applied. Pattern of the graph shows that as the
larger load applied, the displacement on one side of the
rubber block increases. While, from the relation of the shear
stress and shear strain, we can get the modulus of rigidity
and Young’s modulus of the rubber block.
The amount of G was out of the allowed range(0.0002-0.002)
It was 0.0076 so this result is referenced to many aspects will
mentioned in 8.1. but let us say that doing the same
experiment permanently can affect the piece of rubber and
its consistency so the material inside has many phases during
the period of stresses and strains happened which means
that it loses her properties including ductile one .
 8.1 Sources of errors :

Based on the result obtained from the experiment the error

of the equipment of experiment mainly has the big portion.
Besides that, the side of the rubber which load applied
consist a plate of steel and the steel may affect the final
result of the displacement.
Technically there are major reasoned aspects influenced that
results and we can properly list them as follows:
 Intervals of temperature changing
 The inaccurate dial gages reading
 The dial gage itself is not calibrated
 The number of performing the test