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 AFFAIRSCLOUD TODAY MAY 2 2020
Current Affairs 2 May 2020
1 Manipur black rice, Gorakhpur terracotta & Kovilpatti kadalai mittai gets GI tag
2 MoC launched Project Monitoring Unit for early operationalization of coal mines
3 DST launched ‘Year of Awareness on Science & Health (YASH)’on health & risk communication focusing
COVID-19
4 NLC India Limited, a Navaratna Public Enterprise under the Ministry of Coal commences coal production
5 NBWL permits coal mining in part of Assam’s Dehing Patkai elephant reserve
6 RBI extends regulatory benefits under SLF-MF scheme dated 27.4.2020 to all banks
7 Sania Mirza, first Indian to be nominated for Fed Cup Heart Award
8 CCI approves BP Global’s proposed 49% acquisition of Reliance BP Mobility Limited
9 CCI approves proposed acquisition of 100% shares and control of Tech Data Corporation by Tiger Midco
LLC
10 CCI approves the acquisition of less than 5% shareholding in Intas Pharmaceuticals Ltd by Canary
Investments and Link Investment Trust II
11 Union minister Nitin Gadkari launches ‘MSME Bank of Ideas, Innovation and Research’ portal
12 Shipping Ministry has launched its reconstructed website
13 Pune-based defence institute develops microwave steriliser Atulya to kill COVID- 19
14 35 thousand-year history of river erosion in Ladakh Himalayas revealed: WIHG
15 CSIR-CSIO transfers its Electrostatic Disinfection Technology for commercialization
16 Indian-origin girl Vaneeza names NASA’s 1st Mars helicopter as ‘Ingenuity’
17 Australia deposes India for the first time since 2016 in Test ranking for men: ICC India slips to 3rd Position
18 India’s football legend & Padma Shri awardee Chuni Goswami passed away at 82
19 Writer and columnist RV Smith, known for his books on Delhi, passed away at 81
20 South African anti-apartheid activist Denis Goldberg passed away at 87
21 A new book “Shivaji in South Block: The Unwritten History of a Proud People”by Girish Kuber
22 International Labour Day 2020, May 1
23 Delhi Police & AIIA jointly launches ‘Ayuraksha’ programme to fight COVID-19
24 Tripura government launches agro entrepreneur facilitation desk to boost economy
25 KARMI-Boot robot deployed by Kerala government hospital

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 NATIONAL AFFAIRS
Manipur black rice, Gorakhpur terracotta & Kovilpatti kadalai mittai gets GI tag
On April 30, 2020 Chak-Hao, the black rice of Manipur, the terracotta work of Gorakhpur & Kovilpatti kadalai-
mittai has been granted with the Geographical Indication(GI) tag.

Application filing
Chak-Hao- the Consortium of Producers of Chak-Hao (Black Rice), Manipur and was facilitated by the Department of
Agriculture, Government of Manipur and the North Eastern Regional Agricultural Marketing Corporation Limited
(NERAMAC).
Gorakhpur terracotta- Laxmi Terracotta Murtikala Kendra in Uttar Pradesh.
Kovilpatti kadalai mittai- the Kovilpatti Regional Kadalaimittai Manufacturers filed on July 3, 2014, the same was
published in GI journal on November 29, 2019 inviting for objections if any.
Chak-Hao
i.The black rice is glutinous rice cultivated in Manipur over centuries, is characterised by its special aroma& is
consumed mainly after being cooked like rice or kheer.
ii.It has a deep black colour and when cooked, it usually turns purple. It’s dark purple colour is primarily a product of
its anthocyanin content which is considered as boosting up the antioxidants level, apart from this it also has vitamins,
minerals, fibre, proteins, among others.
iii.It is a bit heavier as compared to other varieties of rice but its natural flavour is rich and sweet & is used as
traditional medicine & takes the longest cooking time of 40-45 minutes due to the presence of a fibrous bran layer
and higher crude fibre content.
iv.Health Benefits- prevents and manages ailments such as atherosclerosis, diabetes, Alzheimer’s disease,
hypertension, high cholesterol levels, arthritis, allergies, ageing signs and even cancer.
Gorakhpur terracotta
i.It is a centuries-old traditional art form, the work is done with bare hands including the ornamentation & natural
color which stays fast for a long time. There are more than 1,000 varieties of terracotta work designed by the local
craftsmen
ii.Some of the major products of craftsmanship include the Hauda elephants, Mahawatdar horse among others.
Kovilpatti kadalai mittai
i.It is a peanut candy manufactured in Kovilpatti and adjacent towns and villages in Thoothukudi district, the
southern part of Tamil Nadu.
ii.It is produced by using groundnuts and vellam (jaggery) and water from the river Thamirabarani which enhances
the taste naturally. It is sold as single rectangular chunks, or rather cuboids, sealed in packets.
iii.For decades it was traditionally prepared during village festivals using palm jaggery and groundnuts from nearby
districts. The switch to sugarcane jaggery happened in the pre-independence era, around the 1940s

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About GI Tag:
It is a sign used on products that have a specific geographical origin and possess qualities or a reputation that are due
to that origin. It provides similar rights and protection to holders like intellectual properties rights like Copyright,
Patent, Trademark etc.
It ensures that none other than those registered as authorised users (or at least those residing inside the geographic
territory) are allowed to use the popular product name.
In India, GI registration is administered by the Geographical Indications of Goods (Registration and Protection) Act,
1999 which came into force with effect from September 2003. The 1st Indian product to get a GI tag is Darjeeling
Tea in 2004.
It is covered as a component of intellectual property rights (IPRs) under the Paris Convention for the Protection of
Industrial Property.
At the International level, GI is governed by the World Trade Organisation’s (WTO’s) Agreement on Trade-Related
Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS).

MoC launched Project Monitoring Unit for early operationalization of coal mines
On April 30, 2020, the Ministry of Coal (MoC) launched a project monitoring unit (PMU) to facilitate early
operationalization of coal mines allocated by the government in order to ramp up coal production in the country.

The decision has been taken to attract bidders during auction of commercial mines and also to promote ease of doing
business in India by enabling allocatees (to whom something is allocated) to obtain timely approvals for
operationalizing the mines.
KPMG (Klynveld Peat Marwick Goerdeler) has been appointed as the consultant in the project monitoring unit (PMU)
through a transparent bidding process.
About PMU:
PMU will act as a consultant for sorting out the issues of allocatees of coal minesso that the coal production may begin
at the earliest. The issues include obtaining various clearances required from the Centre and state government
authorities for operationalisation of coal mines.
About Ministry of Coal:
Union Minister– Pralhad Joshi
Secretary– Anil Kumar Jain
About KPMG:
Headquartered in Amstelveen, Netherlands is a multinational professional services network, and one of the Big Four
accounting organizations. The Big Four is the nickname to the four largest professional services networks in the
world, consisting of Deloitte, Ernst & Young, KPMG, and Price waterhouse Coopers.
KPMG India Chairman & CEO– Arun M. Kumar
KPMG Global Chairman and CEO– Bill Thomas

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DST launched ‘Year of Awareness on Science & Health (YASH)’on health & risk communication
focusing COVID-19
On April 30, 2020, National Council for Science & Technology Communication (NCSTC), Department of Science &
Technology (DST) has initiated a programme on health and risk communication focusing on COVID-19 titled “Year of
Awareness on Science & Health (YASH)”. Its aim is to convey authentic best practices to the general public to
minimize the risk of transmission of virus at all levels, in the absence of vaccines and cure for COVID-19.

This programme will provide scientific awareness and health preparedness to combat the pandemic scenario like
COVID-19 outbreak which has posed concerns and challenges around the globe.
How YASH works?
-The programme consists of conveying the authentic scientific information to various cross-sections of the Indian
society to overcome the pandemic situation which includes development of science, health, and risk communication
software, publications, audio-visual, digital platforms, folk performances, trained communicators, especially in
regional languages.
-It also includes information dissemination mechanisms to reduce the fear of risks and build confidence with
necessary understanding for adopting sustainable healthy lifestyles and nurturing scientific culture.
-This programme will provide clarity on the misperceptions, misbeliefs by introducing practices based on authentic
knowledge duly verified by scientific processes.
-This will also involve academic, research, media, and voluntary organizations to facilitate necessary actions and
emergency preparedness of society to address the challenge.
About DST:
Parent Ministry– Ministry of Science and Technology
Secretary– Professor Ashutosh Sharma
About NCSTC:
Established in 1982 under DST, NCSTC is a scientific programme of the Government of India for the popularisation of
science, dissemination of scientific knowledge and inculcation of scientific temper.

NLC India Limited, a Navaratna Public Enterprise under the Ministry of Coal commences coal
production
On 26th April 2020,Neyveli Lignite Corporation(NLC) India Private Limited ‘Navaratna’ a government of India
Enterprise under the Ministry of Coal started the production of Coal for the first time. The coal allocated to the
Neyveli Lignite Corporation India Limited(NLCIL) in 2016 with a capacity of 20 million tonne per annum from the
Talabira II and III mines of Odisha will suffice the requirements of existing and future coal fired power plants.
Key Points:
i.Through the Mine Developer and Operator(MDO) model this coal block was innovatively developed and
implemented by the NLC team.

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ii.The NLC will generate competitive power in the future since the coal of grade G 12 and the stripping ratio of this
mine is 1.09.
iii.The NLCIL has commissioned one of the two units of lignite based power plant (1000 MW – 2 Units of 500 MW
each) first of its kind in India.
iv.NLCIL achieved Renewable Energy Generation capacity of 1404 MW comprising 1353 MW of Solar and 51 MW of
Wind Power
v.Rakesh Kumar, Chairman cum Managing Director of NLCIL mentioned that this project will contribute in the growth
of the nation by avoiding the import of coal.
About NLC India Limited:
Neyveli Lignite Corporation(NLC) India Limited , Navratna – a government of India Enterprise
Chairman cum Managing Director– Rakesh Kumar
Directors– Vinod Kumar Tiwari and A.Karthik
Formed as Corporate– 1956
Present Mining Capacity– 30.6 MTPA
Headquarters– Chennai, Tamil Nadu

NBWL permits coal mining in part of Assam’s Dehing Patkai elephant reserve
On April 24, 2020, National Board for Wild Life (NBWL),the apex body to review all wildlife-related matters, has
permitted the use of 98.59 hectares of land at Saleki, a part of the Dehing Patkai Elephant Reserve in Assam for
opencast coal mining project done by North-Easter Coal Field (NECF), a unit of Coal India Limited. While, the rest of
the area may be used for underground coal mining.

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Key Points:
i.Dehing Patkai Elephant Reserve that includes the Dehing Patkai Wildlife Sanctuary (also known as Jeypore
Rainforest) consists of an 111.19 sq km area of rain forests and several reserve forests in Sivasagar, Dibrugarh and
Tinsukia districts.
ii.The above decision was revealed by the minutes of the 57th Meeting of the Standing Committee of National Board
for Wildlife (NBWL) chaired by Minister of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC), Prakash Javadekar on
April 17, 2020 through video-conferencing.
iii.Panel setup:
The NBWL formed a committee in July 2019 to assess the mining sector. It consist of member R. Sukumar, a
representative of the wildlife division and the state chief wildlife warden of Assam.
As per the committee, 57.02 hectares of forest land has already been used for mining by Coal India Limited and that in
the remaining 41.39 hectares of unbroken area should be adopted cautiously due to the rich biodiversity.
About Assam:
Capital– Dispur
Chief minister– Sarbananda Sonowal
Governor– Jagdish Mukhi
State Bird– White-winged wood duck
State River– Brahmaputra
About National Board for Wildlife (NBWL):
Formed in 2003 under the Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972, it is under the Ministry of Environment, Forest and
Climate Change (MoEFCC). It is responsible for promotion of conservation and development of wildlife and forests.

BANKING & FINANCE

RBI extends regulatory benefits under SLF-MF scheme dated 27.4.2020 to all banks
On April 30, 2020, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) extended the regulatory benefits under the special liquidity
facility for mutual funds (SLF-MF) to all banks, irrespective of whether they avail funding from the Reserve Bank or
deploy their own resources under SLF-MF scheme. This decision has been taken on the lines of request made by
banks to RBI.

As we have notified earlier,on April 27, 2020, RBI has initiated a special liquidity facility of Rs 50,000 crore for MFs
under which RBI will conduct repo operations of 90 days tenor at the fixed repo rate.Click Here to Read. So, the above
mentioned extension is a part of this scheme.
Eligibility criteria to claim the regulatory benefits under SLF-MF scheme:
-Banks meeting the liquidity requirements of MFs by extending loans,

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-Banks undertaking an outright purchase of and/or repo against the collateral of investment-grade corporate bonds,
commercial paper (CPs), debentures and certificates of deposit (CDs) held by MFs.
Benefits for banks: The bank claiming these extended regulatory benefits will not be required to avail back-to-
back funding from the central bank under the SLF-MF scheme.
Direction for banks: Submission of Weekly Statement
The bank claiming these extended regulatory benefits will be required to submit a weekly statement containing
consolidated information on entity-wise and instrument-wise loans and advances extended or investment made to
eligible entities to Financial Markets Operations Department (email) and to Department of Supervision (email) on
every Monday till the closure of the scheme.
The SLF-MF scheme will remain open until May 11, 2020, or up to utilization of the allocated amount.
Background:
Rs 50,000 crore liquidity window came days after, the Franklin Templeton Mutual Fund, which has been operating in
India for 25 years, decided to shut down Franklin India Low Duration Fund, Franklin India Dynamic Accrual Fund,
Franklin India Credit Risk Fund, Franklin India Short Term Income Plan, Franklin India Ultra Short Bond Fund and
Franklin India Income Opportunities Fund.
Click Here for Official Notification
About Reserve Bank of India (RBI):
Headquarters– Mumbai, Maharashtra
Formation– 1 April 1935
Governor– Shaktikanta Das
Deputy Governors– 4 (Bibhu Prasad Kanungo, Mahesh Kumar Jain, Michael Debabrata Patra, one is yet to be
appointed).

AWARDS & RECOGNITIONS

Sania Mirza, first Indian to be nominated for Fed Cup Heart Award
On 30th April 2020, Sania Mirza became the first Indian to be nominated for the Fed Cup Heart Award from the
Asia/Oceania Zone along with Priska Madelyn Nugroho of Indonesia, Estonia’s Anett Kontaveit and Luxembourg’s
Eleonora Molinaro from Europe/Africa, Fernanda Contreras Gomes of Mexico and Paraguay’s Veronica Cepede Royg
from Americas.The voting for the award opens from 1st May until 8th May.

Key Points:
i.Sania Mirza won the doubles match which helped her to win against Indonesia in the final Group 1 match and
secured her a place in the playoff.
ii.In her comeback after giving birth in October 2018 in January 2020 pairing with Nadiia Kichenok, she secured the
women’s double title at Hobart International.

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iii.Fed cup, the world’s largest annual international team competition in women’s sport with 108 nations entered in
2019 was launched in 1963
iv.Fed Cup Heart Award is an International Tennis Federation(ITF) initiative established in 2009 to recognise players
representing their countries in the Fed Cup by BNP Paribas.
v.The first Fed Cup Heart award was presented to USA’s Melanie Oudin in 2009.
About ITF:
President– David Haggerty
COO– Kelly Fairweather
Headquarters– London, United Kingdom

ACQUISITIONS & MERGERS

CCI approves BP Global’s proposed 49% acquisition of Reliance BP Mobility Limited
On April 30, 2020 The Competition Commission of India(CCI) approved the acquisition of 49% of the fully diluted
paid-up equity share capital and voting rights in and of Reliance BP Mobility Limited(RBPML) by BP Global
Investments Limited(BP Global) under Section 31(1) of the Competition Act, 2002.

Key Points
i.The transaction involves a transfer of RIL to RBPML and its group entities’ entire undertaking relating to owning,
operating and conducting petroleum retail and related activities in India
ii.Acquisition of shares will be by way of acquiring the existing equity shares of RBPML from Reliance Industries
Limited (RIL) and subscription by BP Global to fresh equity shares of RBPML.
iii.In addition to it certain specified mobile aviation business assets at certain airport locations will be
transferred(currently owned & used by RIL) for RBPML to operate RIL’s aviation fuel business in India as a service
provider.
About BP Global:
It is an investment holding company which holds shares in subsidiaries and associated companies & currently does
not conduct any business operations in India.
Headquarters– London, England
Chairman– Helge Lund
Chief Executive officer (CEO)– Bernard Looney
Gist about Competition Act, 2002:
It was enacted by the Parliament of India and replaced The Monopolies and Restrictive Trade Practices Act, 1969. It
has been amended twice, The Competition (Amendment) Act, 2007 and The Competition (Amendment) Act, 2009.

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Aim– to provide the framework for the establishment of the Competition Commission, to prevent monopolies and to
promote competition in the market, to protect the freedom of trade for the participating individuals and entities in
the market & to protect the interest of the consumer.
About CCI:
Headquarters– New Delhi, India
Chairman– Ashok Kumar Gupta

CCI approves proposed acquisition of 100% shares and control of Tech Data Corporation by Tiger
Midco LLC
The Competition Commission of India (CCI) approved the proposed acquisition of 100% shares and control of Tech
Data Corporation by Tiger Midco LLC. In this regard, Tech Data Corporation (Tech Data) will be acquired by Tiger
Midco LLC (Tiger Midco) by way of merger of Tech Data with a wholly owned subsidiary of Tiger Midco, viz., Merger
Sub.

Tech Data will continue as the surviving corporation after the merger as a direct wholly owned subsidiary of Tiger
Midco.
About Tiger Midco
Tiger Midco is a special purpose vehicle set up and managed by investment funds managed by affiliates of Apollo
Management, L.P. that manage funds invested in equity and debt issued by entities involved in various businesses
throughout the world.
About Tech Data
Tech Data, a Florida based NASDAQ listed corporation, is active globally in the wholesale distribution of technology
products and solutions to resellers. Tech Data is present in India through a subsidiary, Tech Data Advanced Solutions
(India) Pvt. Ltd. (“Tech Data India”).
About CCI:
Establishment– 2003
Chairperson– Ashok Kumar Gupta
Headquarter– New Delhi

CCI approves the acquisition of less than 5% shareholding in Intas Pharmaceuticals Ltd by Canary
Investments and Link Investment Trust II
The Competition Commission of India (CCI) approves the acquisition of less than 5% shareholding in Intas
Pharmaceuticals Limited by Canary Investments Limited and Link Investment Trust II, under Section 31(1) of the
Competition Act, 2002.
In this regard, less than 5% shareholding of Intas Pharmaceuticals Limited (Intas) will be acquired by Canary
Investments Limited (Canary) and Link Investment Trust II (Link II).

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About Canary:
Canary is an investment company registered in Mauritius.
About Link II:
Link II is a private trust created and registered under the laws of India.
About Intas:
Intas is a public limited company incorporated and registered under the laws of India.
About Section 31(1) of the Competition Act, 2002
Section 31 of the Competition Act, 2002 states orders of Commission on certain combinations.
While Section 31(1) states if the Commission is of the opinion that any combination does not, or is not likely to, have
an appreciable adverse effect on competition, it shall, by order, approve that combination.
About Competition Act, 2002
The Competition Act, 2002 was introduced by Late Arun Jaitley and enacted by the Parliament of India in 2003. It
replaced the archaic The Monopolies and Restrictive Trade Practices Act, 1969. The Competition Act, 2002 was
amended by the Competition (Amendment) Act, 2007 and again by the Competition (Amendment) Act, 2009.

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Union minister Nitin Gadkari launches ‘MSME Bank of Ideas, Innovation and Research’ portal
On April 30, 2020, Union Minister of Road transport & Highways and MSME (Ministry of Micro Small & Medium
Enterprises) Shri Nitin Jairam Gadkari has launched ‘MSME Bank of Ideas, Innovation and Research’
portal (http://ideas.msme.gov.in/) through Video Conference from Nagpur, Maharashtra.
He also launched ‘Ayush Entrepreneurship Development Program’ jointly organized by the Ministry of AYUSH &
Ministry of MSME for promoting the AYUSH (Ayurveda, Yoga & Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha and Homoeopathy) sector
in India.
Key Points:
i.About the portal:
Users will have to register in this portal, where they can upload ideas and innovations regarding the micro, small and
medium enterprises (MSME) sector.
Within 5-6 Minutes, one can easily file their ideas among the areas (Credit/Finance, Human Capital Development,
Technology, Infrastructure, Marketing, Policy, etc).The officer concerned will review it and make it public later.
Users can raise money (crowd funding) from venture capitalists (investors investing capital in new ventures) or
people for their ideas or schemes. Apart from this, it will help produce goods locally imported from China.
ii.Benefits: This move will help MSMEs to adopt a culture of innovation in view of the challenges of the world like
coronavirus. It will also support Make in India initiative of the central Government.

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iii.According to Gadkari, the ministry has sent recommendations to the Prime Minister and Finance Minister for the
‘package’ regarding the relief from Coronavirus (COVID-19).
About Ministry of MSME (Ministry of Micro Small & Medium Enterprises):
Headquarters– New Delhi
Minister of State (MoS)– Pratap Chandra Sarangi

Shipping Ministry has launched its reconstructed website

On April 30, 2020 The Ministry of Shipping has launched its reconstructed website (shipmin.gov.in), which is based
on open source technology and is deployed on the National Informatics Centre(NIC) cloud Meghraj.

Key Points
i.It is designed in accordance with the Guidelines for Indian Government Websites (GIGW) issued by the Department
of Administrative Reforms and Public Grievances, Government of India(GOI)
ii.It has a well designed and dynamic Homepage with a new feature of social media integration with video uploading
facility.
Gist about NIC
It is an organisation under the Ministry of Electronics & Information Technology(MeitY), which was established in
1976, and has rich experience in providing Information and communications technology (ICT) and eGovernance
support to the government for the past 4 decades and bridging the digital divide.
Major activities undertaken are- Setting up of ICT Infrastructure, Implementation of National and State Level e-
Governance Projects/Products, Consultancy to the Government departments, Research & Development, Capacity
Building.

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Few Contributions of NIC amid COVID-19
i.Developed ‘Covid Care Kerala’ App, with ‘Transit Vehicle Monitoring’ module and features like Geo-tagging of
Quarantined persons etc.
ii.Developed ‘Call Records Management System’ in Jammu, maintains database of calls received for essential services
& forwards them to concerned, for suitable action.
About MeghRaj:
The GOI launched a new initiative “GI Cloud” named as” MeghRaj” to utilise and harness the benefits of Cloud
Computing. The focus of this initiative is to accelerate delivery of e-services in the country while optimizing ICT
spending of the Government.
It will ensure optimum utilization of the infrastructure and speed up the development and deployment of
eGovernance applications. It will also help the departments to procure ICT services on demand. NIC provides Cloud
services under MeghRaj.
About Shipping ministry:
Minister of State– Mansukh Mandaviya (Independent Charge)
About MeitY:
Union Minister– Ravi Shankar Prasad
Minister of State– Sanjay Dhotre

Pune-based defence institute develops microwave steriliser Atulya to kill COVID- 19

On May 1, 2020, The Defence Ministry announced that the Pune-based Defence Institute of Advanced Technology
(DIAT) has developed a microwave steriliser ‘Atulya’ that can disintegrate the novel Coronavirus within 30 seconds
by differential heating in the range of 56 degrees to 60 degrees celsius temperatures.

Key Points:
i.About Atulya: The steriliser was tested for human/operator safety and has been found to be safe depending upon
the size and shape of various objects.
ii.Atulya is a cost-effective solution that can be operated in portable or fixed installations and weighs around 3
kilograms (Kg). It can be used for sterilisation of non-metallic objects only.
iii.About DIAT: The DIAT is a deemed university under the ministry’s Defence Research and Development
Organisation (DRDO).
iv.Other products of DRDO: The DRDO has developed several products including ventilators, personal protective
equipment (PPE) kits, large area sanitisation solutions and Covid-19 sample collection kiosks to fight against
Coronavirus.
v.The DRDO has also stepped forward to provide medical oxygen plants to hospitals in far-flung areas to generate
their own oxygen supply.

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vi.The armed forces have also come up with a raft of innovations to combat the pandemic from modifying
quadcopters to spray disinfectants over large areas to ultraviolet light sanitisers, assisted respiratory systems and 3-
D printed masks.
vii.The different wings of the defence ministry including the armed forces, the DRDO and the Ordnance Factory Board
have designed and developed a wide range of products to control the spread of pandemic.
About DRDO:
Headquarters– DRDO Bhavan, New Delhi.
Motto– Strength’s Origin is in Science.
Minister of Defense– Shri Rajnath Singh.
Chairman– Dr G. Satheesh Reddy.

35 thousand-year history of river erosion in Ladakh Himalayas revealed: WIHG

On April 30, 2020 Scientists and students from Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology(WIHG), an autonomous
institute under the Department of Science &Technology, in the study, published in the Global and Planetary Changes
journal has revealed a 35 thousand-year history of river erosion and identified hotspots of erosion and wide valleys
that act a buffer zones in Ladakh Himalayas.

Key Point
i.The research shows how rivers in drier Ladakh Himalaya are operating on longer time scales and how they respond
to varying climates, an understanding of water and sediment routing, which is important as the country improves its
infrastructure and develops smart cities.
ii.It helps to understand the river-borne erosion and sedimentation, which are the main drivers that make large
riverine plains, terraces, and deltas which in due course becomes the cradle to evolving civilizations.
iii.To understand the landform evolution in transitional climatic zone the Zanskar catchment was explored by WIHG
team by using morpho stratigraphy and origin study of landforms like valley fill terraces, alluvial fans(triangle-
shaped deposit of gravel, sand, and even smaller pieces of sediment, such as silt).
Highlights of the study
i.Discovered the rivers that drained Himalayas, its foreland that eroded the most and the zones that receive these
eroded sediments and fill up.
ii.The Ladakh Himalaya forms a high altitude desert between Greater Himalayan ranges and Karakoram Ranges. The
Indus and its tributaries are major rivers flowing through the terrain.
iii.The Zanskar River is one of the largest tributaries of the upper Indus catchment, which drains orthogonally by
highly deformed Zanskar ranges.
iv.The Doda and TsrapLingti Chu are the 2 prominent tributaries of the Zanskar River, which meet at Padam village in
the upper valley to form the Zanskar River.
v.Suggested that the wide valley of Padam, with an area of 48 square km, in the upper Zanskar, has stored a vast
amount of sediments in these landforms.

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vi.Presently, 0.96±0.10 km3 of sediment is stored in its terraces and fans, and since the last 32 thousand years,
2.29±0.11 km3 sediment has been eroded by the river from Padam, which gives it a specific sediment yield of
2.2×103 tons/km2 per year.
vii.The sediment contribution from such transient basins is significant when compared with the 4–7 km3 of sediment
reportedly eroded from the entireIndus system in Ladakh since the Last Glacial Maximum(LGM) and the 7–22 km3
from the Zanskar since last 10 thousand years, Hence, Padam valley is a hotspot of sediment buffering in the Zanskar.
viii.Suggested that most sediments were derived from Higher Himalayan crystalline that lie in the headwater region
of Zanskar.
ix.The dominant factors responsible for sediment erosion were deglaciation and Indian Summer Monsoon derived
precipitation in the headwaters despite the presence of a geomorphic barrier (the deep, narrow gorge) between the
upper and lower catchments of the river, and it remained connected throughout its aggradation history.
About WIHG:
It was established in June 1968
Objectives- To undertake, aid, promote, guide and coordinate research in geology of the Himalaya and foster a
tradition of scholarships.
Headquarters– Dehradun, Uttarakhand
Director– Kalachand Sain

CSIR-CSIO transfers its Electrostatic Disinfection Technology for commercialization

On 29th April 2020, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research(CSIR) – CSIR’s Scientific Instruments
Organisation (CSIO) transferred the Electrostatic Disinfection Technology, an innovative and effective disinfection
and sanitization technology developed by CSIR-CSIO to fight coronavirus pandemic to Rite Water Solutions Private
Limited a Nagpur based company for commercialization and large scale production.

Key Points:
i.The technology transfer event was conducted over video conferencing between the Rite Water Solutions Private
Limited and CSIR-CSIO in the presence of Sanjay Kumar, Director (CSIR-CSIO) and other department head
ii.The Director of Rite Water Solutions Pvt. Ltd., Abhijeet Gaan and the head of Business Initiatives & Project Planning
at CSIR-CSIO, Dr.Surender Singh Saini signed the Technology transfer agreement.
iii.Electrostatic Disinfection Machine produces droplets of disinfectants in 10-20 micrometer size in a uniform and
fine spray to kill the microorganisms and viruses developed based on the electrostatic principle.
iv.The usage of disinfectant by the machine is less compared to the other methods and supports in saving the natural
resources by controlling the chemical waste in the environment.
It hinders the growth of the pathogens and kills them by reaching hidden areas where the possibilities to find viruses
is high.
v.Dr. Surender Singh Saini mentioned that various technologies of electrostatic spraying like pesticides sprayer, dust
mitigation and environment protection device have already been transferred to different industrial and societal
applications

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vi.The Machine provides effective disinfection using the electrostatic concept contributing to a healthy lifestyle and
healthcare masses directly linked with the Swasth Bharat Mission of The Government of India.
About CSIR-CSIO:
Vice President– Dr.Harsh Vardhan
Director General– Dr.Shekhar C. Mande
Location– Chandigarh

Indian-origin girl Vaneeza names NASA’s 1st Mars helicopter as ‘Ingenuity’

On April 30, 2020,A 17-year old Indian-origin girl Vaneeza Rupani has named the 1st helicopter to be built
for Mars as ‘Ingenuity’ (in Hindi it means the inventive character of a person). She received this credit when she
submitted her essay in NASA’s (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) ‘Name the Rover’ competition.
Before this new name, It was just named as “Mars Helicopter”.

Key Points:
i.Along with Rupani , a total of 28, 000 students from each state and territory of the US (United States) participated in
this competition.
ii.NASA in March 2020 announced that its next rover would be named ‘Perseverance’, based on an essay by seventh-
grade student Alexander Mather. The agency had also decided to name the helicopter that goes with the rover on
Mars.
iii.Both the ‘Ingenuity’ & ‘Perseverance’ are scheduled to launch in July 2020 and will land in February 2021 in the
Jezero Crater of Mars, the site of a lake that existed 3.5 billion years ago.
iv.The rover will collect samples of Red Planet Mars, the helicopter (1.8 kilograms) will try to fly there and give
information about the geographical location of Mars. if all goes well, NASA will add aerial dimensions to future Mars
exploration missions.
About NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration):
Headquarters– Washington, D.C., United States
Administrator– Jim Bridenstine

SPORTS
Australia deposes India for the first time since 2016 in Test ranking for men: ICC India slips to 3rd
Position
On May 1, 2020, India has lost its top spot & has slipped to the 3rd position(114) for the first time since 2016 in the
International Cricket Council (ICC) test rankings, as its record of 12 test victories and one Test defeat in 2016-17 was
removed in the latest chart as per rules. Australia(116) topped the rank, followed by New Zealand(115).

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List of Top positioned countries with their ratings

Ranking Test ODI T20 International(I)

1 Australia(116) England(127) Australia(278)

2 New Zealand(115) India(119) England(268)

3 India(114) New Zealand(116) India(266)

Key Points
i.India still leads the ICC World Test Championship, a league comprising six series played by each of the top nine Test
sides.
ii.This is the second closest the top three teams have been since the Test rankings were launched in 2003. The closest
for the top three teams were in January 2016, when India had led Australia and South Africa by a single point.
T20 International(I)
iii.India(266) is ranked in 3rd position with points, Australia (278) topped the list for the first time since the T20I
rankings were introduced in 2011.
iv.England(268) have moved into 2nd position.Pakistan cricket team, who had overtaken New Zealand(260) to reach
top position in January 2018 are now 4th
One Day International(ODI)
v.India(119) was positioned in 2nd place, with England(127) in 1st place & New Zealand(116) in 3rd, the top 110
rankings remained unchanged.
About ICC:
Headquarters– Dubai, United Arab Emirates (UAE).
CEO (Chief Executive Officer)– Manu Sawhney
Chairman– Shashank Manohar.

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 OBITUARY
India’s football legend & Padma Shri awardee Chuni Goswami passed away at 82
Former India football captain Subimal Goswami, commonly known by his nickname Chuni Goswami, passed away at
the age of 82 in Kolkata, West Bengal. He was born on January 15, 1938 in Kishoreganj, now Bangladesh.

Key Points:
i.About Goswami: He started his international career in 1957, who was one of the biggest stars of the national team.
In his college days, he captained Calcutta University in both football and cricket in the same year.
ii.Goswami played 50 matches for India as a footballer from 1956 to 1964. However, he quit international football in
1964, at the age of 27.
iii.Cricket career: Goswami was successful in cricket as well, he represented Bengal in 46 first-class games between
1962 and 1973. Goswami was part of the Bengal’s triumphant Santosh Trophy squad thrice in 1955, 1958, and 1959.
iv.In 1966, he and Subroto Guha plotted the historic innings defeat of Gary Sobers’ West Indies by the combined
Central and East Zone team under Hanumant Singh in Indore. Goswami took 8 wickets in that fixture.
v.He was appointed the Bengal Ranji Trophy captain in 1971-72 season and under his captaincy, the team reached the
final, before losing against Bombay at the Brabourne Stadium.
vi.Achievements of Goswami: Under the captaincy of Goswami, the Indian Football team won gold at the 1962 Asian
Games, finished runner-up at the Asian Cup in 1964 & narrowly lost to Burma in Markeda football six months later.
vii.In club football, Goswami always played for Mohun Bagan (professional football club in West Bengal) throughout
his career before his retirement and captained the club in five seasons from 1960 to 1964.
viii.Goswami also served Indian football as a selector in the 1970s and was part of an advisory committee when the
National Football League began in 1996.
ix.Awards: Goswami won the Arjuna Award in 1963 and was awarded the prestigious Padma Shri Award in 1983. The
Indian postal department had also honoured Goswami with a commemorative stamp on his birthday in January 2020.
x.He also served as the Tata Football Academy as its Director and was appointed the Sheriff of Kolkata in 2005. He
was awarded the Mohun Bagan Ratna in 2005 and was bestowed the Banga Bibhusan in 2013.
About West Bengal:
Capital– Kolkata.
Chief Minister– Mamata Banerjee.
Governor– Jagdeep Dhankhar.

Writer and columnist RV Smith, known for his books on Delhi, passed away at 81
On April 30, 2020, Eminent author and columnist Ronald Vivian Smith passed away at the age of 81 in Delhi, due to
age-related ailments. He was born in 1938 in Agra, Uttar Pradesh (UP). He was best known for his writings in Delhi.

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Key Points:
i.About RV Smith: Smith made Delhi as his second home and was recognised as the city’s greatest chronicler. He was a
descendant of Col Salvador Smith (1783-1871), the soldier who trained the troops of Daulat Rao Scindia. He was the
son of late journalist Thomas Smith.
ii.News Editor: RV Smith was the former News Editor for The Statesman and also worked with the Press Trust of
India (PTI).
iii.After his retirement from The Statesman, RV Smith didn’t drop his pen and continued writing historical columns on
the walled city of old Delhi, Anglo-Indian antecedents, egyptology or the occult for newspapers like The Hindu and
The Statesman.
iv.His last column in The Hindu on April 25, 2020 was: “How Eurasian women took to ghazals and traditional dances”.
v.Books: Smith authored several books on Delhi, of which “The Delhi That No One Knows” was a bestseller, He also
wrote poetry and romantic novels like “Jasmine Nights & The Taj”.
vi.His last book was a collection of potpourri of myths, folklores and historical tales in and around Delhi, titled
“Lingering Charm of Delhi”.
vii.Awards: RV Smith received many awards including the Michael Madhusudan Academy award for journalism in
1997-98, the Canon Holland Prize as well as the Rotary Award.
About Delhi:
Chief Minister (CM)– Arvind Kejriwal.
Governor– Anil Baijal.

South African anti-apartheid activist Denis Goldberg passed away at 87

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On April 30, 2020, South-African anti-apartheid activist Denis Theodore Goldberg passed away at the age of 87 due to
lung cancer and diabetes in Cape Town, South Africa. He was born on April 11, 1933 in Cape Town, South Africa (SA).
Key Points:
i.About Denis Goldberg: He was considered as a stalwart of the South African liberation struggle and was the only
white member of the African National Congress’s (ANC’s) military wing Umkhonto we Sizwe formed in 1961.
ii.He was accused in the Rivonia Trial, alongside the better-known Nelson Mandela and Walter Sisulu.
iii.When his fellow accused were sent to Robben Island, as a white prisoner Mr. Goldberg was separated from them
and imprisoned in the capital, Pretoria.
iv.Golberg spent 22 years in prison for his involvement with the ANC’s fight against apartheid, the racist system of
oppression imposed by the white minority government.
v.Goldberg was released in 1985 and continued to campaign against apartheid from his base in London with his
family until the apartheid system was fully abolished with the 1994 election.
vi.He returned to South Africa in 2002 and founded the non-profit Denis Goldberg Legacy Foundation Trust in 2015.
vii.Awards: Goldberg was awarded the Order of Luthuli by the South African presidency for his dedication to working
for the betterment of the people of South Africa (SA) throughout his life.
About South Africa:
Capital– Pretoria (executive), Bloemfontein (Judicial), Cape Town (legislative).
President– Cyril Ramaphosa.
Currency– South African rand.

BOOKS & AUTHORS

A new book “Shivaji in South Block: The Unwritten History of a Proud People”by Girish Kuber
On 1st May 2020, A New book named” Shivaji in South Block: The Unwritten History of a Proud People” written by
journalist Girish Kuber talks about the Maharashtra’s evolution from the past to the modern times and its
contribution to the tapestry of the country’s culture, politics, history and society. The book is scheduled to be
published in October by HarperCollins Publisher India.

Key Points:
i.The announcement of the book is made on the 60th Maharashtra Day – May 1,2020.
ii.The book speaks about many lesser known tales of the time of the Satavahanas to the present day, the empire that
brought the Mughals to their knees due to a complaint of a woman to the Queen Victoria about the issue of consent in
the marital sex.
iii.The evolution movements of the right and left, the Dalit pride, the leader who mentored Gandhi and the man who
killed him, the prime minister we never had and the uncertain tryst of Shivaji’s metaphorical descendants with
national power are some of the discussed matters of the book.

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iv.The book searches deeply into where the Marathi Manoos stand today and why and where he is.
About Author:
i.Girish Kuber graduated from IIM Bangalore, worked in the corporate more than 25years.
ii.He is the editor of Loksatta and a regular columnist in the Indian Express residing in Mumbai.
iii.He wrote six books in Marathi including The Tatas: How a Family Built a Business and a Nation.
iv.He had translated many books from Marathi to English like, Raja Ravi Varma and Shivaji: The Great Maratha by
Ranjit Desai, Shahenshah: The Life of Aurangzeb by N.S. Inamdar
About HarperCollins:
HarperCollins Publishers is the second largest consumer book publisher in the world operating in 17 countries.
Established in India– 1992
CEO– Ananth Padmanabhan
CFO & COO– Amit Abrol
Headquarters– New Delhi

IMPORTANT DAYS
International Labour Day 2020, May 1
May 1st of every year is acknowledged as International Labours day, an official public holiday in many countries all
over the world as a tribute to the workers across the globe. It is also known as Workers day or May day. The origin of
May day differs from country to country but the common theme is the working class taking a stand against
exploitation enforced on them.

History of International Labour Day:

The First May day took place on May 1st 1890 was focused on the workers after the proclamation to dedicate May 1st
as the “Workers Day of International Unity and Solidarity by the first International Congress of Socialist parties in
Europe on July 4th 1889 in Paris, France.
Key Points:
i.Origin of May Day In the United States: In the late 19th century the Chicago’s national convention by the American
Federation of Labour declared the legal eight hour working time after the protest of the Labour union on May 1,
1886, demanding to reduce the working hours from 15 hours to 8 hours and proper wages among others. During the
third day of the protest many died in a bomb blast in Chicago’s Haymarket Square. To honor the dead The
International Socialist declared May 1 as International Labours Day in 1889.
ii.Origin of May Day In India: The first May day was celebrated by the Labour Kisan Party of Hindustan(LKPH) in
Madras(today’s Chennai) on May 1, 1923 and also the first time to use the Red flag as a symbol of Labours Day in
India.
iii.Communist Leader Malayapuram Singaravelu Chettiar passed the resolution for celebrating Labours Day as a
national holiday in India.

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iv.The Day is associated with many labour movements by communist and socialist parties.
v.The May 1st is also known as Maharashtra Day and Gujarat Day from 1960 to commemorate the attainment of
statehood by divided into linguistic lines from Bombay(today’s Mumbai).
vi.In Istanbul, Moscow and Taipei numerous protests and marches were conducted on May Day against the
government to reduce the working hours and increase wages.
About LKPH:
All the provincial organisations including the Labour Kisan Party of Hindustan renamed as Workers and Peasants
Party(WPP) by 1928 into an All India Party.
Founded– May 1, 1923
Leader– Singaravelu Chettiar
Headquarters– Chennai

STATE NEWS
Delhi Police & AIIA jointly launches ‘Ayuraksha’ programme to fight COVID-19
On April 30, 2020, The Delhi Police in association with All India Institute of Ayurveda (AIIA), a public Ayurveda
medicine and research institution, has jointly run the program called ‘Ayuraksha – Corona se Jung, Delhi Police ke
sang’ with the aim of providing all possible health-related help to all those Delhi Policemen working in the frontline to
fight against coronavirus (COVID-19). Key Points:

i.About Ayuraksha: Under this programme, Ayurveda immunity-boosting kit, which contain medicine formulations,
method of use and advisory, will be distributed by Ministry of AYUSH (Ayurveda, Yoga & Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha
and Homoeopathy) to the Delhi Police in 4 different phases. It includes,
Phase I: All quarantined police officers and officials
Phase II: Police officials/officers deputed in containment zones
Phase III: Police officials/officers deputed in quarantine zones
Phase IV: All policemen working as front line workers in field.
ii.Drug formulations: The simple medicines of recommended formulations like Chyawanaprasha (Amla as main
content), Anu Taila and Sanshamani Vati (prepared from Guduchi) which are time-proven and scientifically to
promote immunity.
iii.Procurement: These drugs will be procured from Indian Medicines Pharmaceutical Corporation Ltd (IMPCL) under
the Ministry of AYUSH.
iv.The Secretary of Ministry of AYUSH Vaidya Rajesh Kotecha & Delhi Police Commissioner Shri S N Shrivastava were
also present during the launch of this programme and highlighted the role of Giloy as Vayasthapana (Anti-aging herb),
Ministry is working for AYUSH medicines to be given as add-on therapy for COVID 19 positive cases.

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v.Background: There are around 80000 policemen in the capital Delhi, who are posted in 15 districts. In view of this,
the AIIA nominated three Coordinators from the Director of Institute to 15 nodal officers to work closely with 15
Nodal Officers of Delhi Police.
About All India Institute of Ayurveda (AIIA):
Location– New Delhi
About Ministry of AYUSH:
Headquarters– New Delhi
Minister of State (MOS) independent charge– Shripad Naik

Tripura government launches agro entrepreneur facilitation desk to boost economy

On May 1, 2020, The Tripura government launched an “Agro-Entrepreneur Facilitation Desk” to help the
entrepreneurs of the state to get subsidies and incentives from Central government funding agencies and National
Horticulture Board or NABARD (National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development), the new desk would help
them about availing the facilities. Key Points:

i.About agro-entrepreneur desk: The state cabinet has approved the setting up of the desk, which will operate from
the Directorate of Horticulture and Soil Conservation in the state capital, Agartala.
ii.The desk will be operated by those who hold a masters’ degree in business administration (MBA) or an
undergraduate degree in science. The state government has worked out an estimated budget of Rs 24 lakh for the
exercise, including the salaries of new hires and other related official activities.
iii.Funds: The funds for the project will be sourced from the Technical Support Group Funds of the Mission for
Integrated Development of Horticulture.
iv.The state government encourages the processing and marketing of fruits such as pineapple, lemon, jackfruit, and
also vegetables that are grown in abundance in Tripura, in order to increase the farmers income.
v.The government plans a target of encouraging 2,000 youths in joining agro-based business within a year and
initiatives are being given to facilitate 400 people to start the business in the agriculture sector.
vi.Tripura Chief Minister (CM) Biplab Kumar Deb also mentioned that the primary sector activities like agriculture,
horticulture, dairy industries would help in reviving the state’s economy which suffered losses due to lockdown.
About Tripura:
Capital– Agartala.
Governor– Ramesh Bias.

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 AC GAZE
KARMI-Boot robot deployed by Kerala government hospital
In order to assist COVID-19 patients, robot named “KARMI-Boot” was deployed by Kerala government hospital at the
medical college’s COVID-19 isolation ward in Ernakulamhere, Kerala, which was developed by ASIMOV robotics
under maker village of Kerala start-up mission.

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GA Questions Asked in Exams

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